Kavyalankara-sara-sangraha of Udbhata
by Narayana Daso Banhatti | 1925
This is the Sanskrit edition Kavyalankara Sara Sangraha, including the Laghuvritti commentary of Induraja, an English introduction, notes and appendices. The “Kavyalamkara Sara Samgraha� by Udbhata is a significant work in the field of Sanskrit poetics, primarily focusing on poetic figures and rhetoric (alamkara). It dates back to the late 8th cent...
Chapter 4 (caturtho vargah)
caturtho vargah | preyorasavadvarjasvi paryayoktam samahitam | dvidhodattam tatha slistamalamkaranpare viduh || 1 || (42 ) preyorasavadeti samudayanmatup | slistamiti | tatha udattavadvi- ाvadham slistamityarthah | vipratipattinirasartham catra slistasya dvaividhyamuktam | 5 bhamaho hi- tatsahocayupamahetunirdesattrividham yatha | itislistasya traividhyamaha | ato vipratipattinirasaya tathetyuktam | udatte tu dvidhetyayamanuvado drstantatvarthah | yatha udattasya dvaividhyam pramanopapannatvadangikrtam tatha slistasyapi tadangikartavyamityarthah | preyasvattavat | ratyadikanam bhavanamanubhavadisucanaih | yatkavyam badhyate sadbhistatpreyasvadudahrtam || 2 || (43 ) ratyadayo bhavastrividhah sthayino vyabhicarinah satvikasca | tatra ratirhasasca sokasca krodhotsahau bhayam tatha | jugupsavismayasamah sthayibhavah prakirtitah || nirvedglanisankakhyastatha suyamadasramah | alasyam caiva dainyam ca cinta mohah smrtirdhrtih || vrida capalata harsa avego jadata tatha | garyo visada autsukyam nidrapasmara eva ca || suptam vibodhomarsasvapyavahitthamathoyata | matirvyadhistathonmadastathamaranameva ca || trasascaiva vitarkasva vijneya vyabhicarinah | trayastrimsadami bhavah || stambhah svedotha romancah svaramedotha vepathuh | vaivarnyamasru pralaya ityastau satvikah smrtah ||
vargahh ] laghuvrttisametah | 134351 51 etesam pancasatsamkhyanam bhavanam sucakascatvaronubhavadayah | te canubhavo vibhavo vyabhicari svasabdasca | tatranubhavascaturvidhah angiko vacikah satvika aharyasva | angiko hastabhinayadih | vacikah kakkadiprayogah | satvikah stambhadih | aharyastu pratisirsakancu 5 kadih | evamayamanubhavascatuh samkhyah karyatvatkaranabhutanbhavangamayati | vibhavastu dvividhah alambanoddipanarupatvat | tatralambanavibhavo yadasrayena ratyadinamudayah yatha ramadeh sitadih | uddipana- vibhavastu yadvasena ratyadinam bhavanamatisayena diptata bhavati yatha rtumalyanulepanadih | evamesa dvividho vibhavo ratyadinam karanabhutah | 10 sa ca karanatvatkaryabhutan ratyadingamayatiti | yathavivahalanila- jaladodayo drstim | yatha hi karyasya suvivecitasya karanam pratyavyabhi - carita evam karanasyapi suvivecitasya karyam pratyavyabhicarita vyavahare bahulyena drsyate | ato vibhavah karanatvadvatyadin karya- bhutan gamayati | vyabhicari tu ratyadikanam sthayinam bhavanama- 15 vasthavisesarupo nirvedadih | sa ca sahacaritvatsthayino bhavanpra- tipadayati rathasyaikamiva cakram cakrantaram | svasabdastu ratyadih | sa ca vacakatvadbhavan gamayati | ratyadinam ca sabdanam yadyapyanubhavaika- gocarasvalaksanasvabhavaratyayavagatinibandhanatvam nopalabhyate tathapyamsena ratyadyavagatinibandhanatvamanubhavadivadviyata eva | yatha khalvanubhavadayo 20 na svalaksanataya bhavanavagamayanti api tu samanyarupataya tadvatsva- sabda apityastam | 1 evamete bhavanamavagatihetavasvatvarah | yaduktam bhattoddhatena- catu- rupa bhavah-iti | tadesam ratyadikanam bhavanam pancasatsamkhyanam yanyanubhavadibhi- 15 catuh samkhyaih samastatvena vyastatvena ca yathayogam sucanani svalaksana- svarupanam samanyavasthoditanam pratipadanani taih kavyamupanibadhya- manam preyasvat | preyahsabdavacyena priyatarena ratyalambanena vibhavanena 8541
52 kavyalamkarasarasamgrahah [ catutha ratirupalaksyate | tatha ca sahacaryadvatyadayo bhavah pancasadavagamyante | evam ca bhavakavyasya preyasvaditi laksanaya vyapadesah | atra ca bhava- namalamkarata kavyamalamkaryam | tasyodaharanam | iyam ca sutavallabhyabhirvisesa spavati | payitumarabdha krtvemam kroda atmanah || 1 || atmanah kode krtveti sambandhah | atratmano vaksasi nidhanamangiko- bhinayah ullapanam santvanam vacikah | imamiti idamsabdena paramrsto yo mrgarbhakah sa alambanavibhavah | vallabhyonmilita cautsukyatma vyabhi 10 caribhavah | sutavallabhyanirvisesatvena hi sprhaya raterautsukyabhedabhi- sambandhah pratiyate | svasabdastu sprheti | evamayam ratyatmako bhavo vatsalya- svabhavascaturbhiranubhavadibhiratravagamitah | anyesvapi bhavesvevamudaharyam || rasavat | 15 rasavaddarsitaspastasrnkaradirasadayam svasabdasthayi samcarivibhavabhinayaspadam || 3 || (44 44 ) srngarahasyakarunaraudravirabhayanakah | bibhatsadbhutasantasca nava natye rasah smrtah || 4 || (45 ) ete ca srngaradayo nava yathayogam caturvargapraptyupayataya taditara- 20 pariharanibandhanataya ca styadinam sthayinam navanam bhavanam yah pariposastadatmakah atastathavidhena rupenasvadyatvadasvadabheda niba- ndhanena tantrikena rasasabdenabhidhiyante | nirvedadau tu tathavidhasyasva- dyasyabhavatpravrttinimittabhedanibandhanasya tantrikasya rasasabdasyapravrttih | asvadyatvamatravivaksaya tu tatrapi madhuramladivadrasasabdapravrttiraviruddha yaduktam srngaradinasananukramya-
5 vargah 1 laghuvrttisametah | rasanadrasatvamesam madhuradinamivoktamacaryaih | nirvedadisvapi tatprakamamastiti tepi rasah || iti | tadahuh- caturvargetarau prapya pariharyau kramayatah | caitanyabhedada svayatsa rasastadrso matah || iti | sa iti caitanyabheda ityarthah | tadrsa ityanenasvadavisesanibandhanatvam srngaradisu tantrikasya rasasabdasyoktam | esam ca srngaradinam navanam rasanam svasabdadibhih pancabhiravagatirbhavati | yaduktam bhattoddhatena- pancarupa rasah - iti | tatra svasabdah srngaradervacakah srngaradayah 10 sabdah sthayino rasanamupadanakaranaprakhya ratyadayo nava bhavah | samcarinastu nirvedadayo rasanamavasthavisesarupah | vibhavastu tesam nimittakaranabhuta yosidadayah rtumalyanulepanadayasva | angikadayastu catvaro rasanam karyabhuta abhinayah | etesam ca svasabdadinam pancanam samastavyastataya aspadatvadyena kavyena sphutarupataya srngaradirasa- 15 virbhavo darsyate tatkavyam rasavat | rasah khalu tasyalamkarah | 20 tasyodaharanam | iti bhavayatastasya samastanparvatigunan | sambhrtanalpasamkalpah kandarpah prabalobhavat || 2 || svidyatapi sa gatrena babhara pulakotkaram | kadambakalikakosakesaramakaropamam || 3 || ksanamautsukyagarbhinya cintaniscalaya ksanam | ksanam pramodalasaya drsasyasyamabhusyata || 4 || kadambakalikakosah kadambakalikabhyantaram | atra bhagavata abhi- lasikavipralambhasrngaro nibaddhah | tasya svasabdah kandarpah prabala iti | 15 sthayi tatraiva svasabdenonmilitah kandarpa iti | ratipariposatmako hi srngaro rasah | ratisva yunormanmathatmika | ato rativisesasya vacaka-
tu kavyalamkarasarasamgrahah [ caturthi tvatkandarpa sabdah sthayinotra svasabdah | samcarinasvautsukyacintaharsah svasabdenonmilitah | svedaromancauca satvikau svasabdopatau | tayo- rapica samcaritvam | satvikanam sthayibhavavasthavisesatvena nirveda- divatsamcaritvat | vibhavastu iti bhavayatastasyeti nirdistah | bhagavati 5 hi tattagunopetatvena vibhavyamana vibhavah | abhinayastvatrapangabhinayo nirdisto drsa-iti | atotrabhilasikah srngararasah svasabdadibhih pancabhirabhivyajyate | 1 evamanyepi rasa udaharyah | rasanam bhavanam ca kavyasobhatisayahetutvat kim kavyalankara- 10 tvamuta kavyajivitatvamiti na tavadvicaryate granthagauravabhayat | rasabhava- svarupam catra na vivecitamaprakrtatvadbahuvaktavyatvacca || urjasvi | anaucityapravrttanam kamakrodhadikaranat | bhavanam ca rasanam ca bandha urjasvi kathyate || 5|| (46 ) 15 kvacitkhalu rasabhavanam sastrasamvidaviruddhena rupenopanibandhah kriyate kvacittu tadviruddhena | tatra yatra sastrasamvidaviruddhena rupena tesamupa- nibandhastatra preyolamkaro rasavadalankarascabhihitah | yatra tu tadviruddhatvam tanmulalo kavyaharaviruddhatvam ca tadvisayanam rasabhavanamupanibandhe satyu- rjasvitkavyam bhavati | tatra hi ragadvesamohakaranaka anaucityena rasa- 20 bhava upanibadhyante | ataeva tatra svakalpanaparikalpitatvena urjaso balasya vidyamanatvadurjasvi vyapadesah | jyotsna tamisra - ityatra ( pa . su . 5. 2. 114 . ) urjasvisabdah | 25 tasyodaharanam | 1 tatha kamosya vavrdhe yatha himagireh sutam | samgrahitum bhavavrte hathenapasya satpatham || *5 ||
vargahh ] laghuvrttisametah | 55 atra sakalalokatisayino bhagavato krtavivaha kumarivisayataya hatha- samgrahah sastrasamvidviruddhah pravrddharagakaranaka upanibaddhastena urjasvita | tatra kamo vavrdhe ityayam srngararasasya svasabdah tasya ratipariposa katma- katvena kamavrddhisvabhavatvat | kamasabdastvetadantargatah srngarasya yasau 5 sthayibhuta ratistasyah svasabdah | himagireh sutabhityalambanavi- bhavah | hathenetyanenavegalaksano vyabhicari bhavah pratipaditah | apa- sya satpatha miti tu mohah | samgrahitum pravavrta ityangikonubhavah | eva- mayamatra pancabhih svasabdadibhirurjasvilaksanah srngarah sucitah | evamanyesvapi rasabhavesurjasvi udaharyam || paryayoktam | paryayoktam yadanyena prakarenabhidhiyate | vacyavacakavrttibhyam sunyenavagamatmana || 6 || (47 ) 11 vacakasyabhidhayakasya svasabdasya vrttirvyaparo vacyarthapratyaya- nam | vacasya tvabhidheyasya vyaparo vacyantarena sahakamksasamnidhi-- 15 yogyatamahatmyatsamsargagamanam | evamvidhasca yo vacyavacakayorvyapara- stamantarenapi prakarantarenarthasamarthyatma navagamasvabhavena yadavagamyate tatparyayena svakanthanabhihitamapi santarena sabdavyaparenavagamyamana- tvatparyayoktam vastu | tena ca svasamslesavasena kavyalam kriyate tasyodaharanam | yena lambalakah sasrah karaghatarunastanah | akari bhagnavalayo gajasuravadhujanah || 6 || sopi yena krtah plustadehenapyevamakulah | namostvavaryaviryaya tasmai makaraketave || 7 || atra lambalakatvadayah karyarupatvatkaranabhutam gajasuravadham vacya- 25 vacakavyaparasprstamapi gamayanti | tena ca tathavidhaya vicchityava-
56 kavyalamkarasara samgrahah [ caturtho gamyamanenarthena te lambalakatvadayortha alamkriyante | tasmatparyayokta- malamkarah || samahitam | rasabhavatadabhasavrtteh prasamabandhanam | 1 5 anyanubhavanihsunyarupam yattatsamahitam || 7 || ( 48 ) 0 iha rasabhavanam sastrasamayaviruddhena tadviruddhena ca rupena dvaividhya- muktam | tatra ye sastrasamayaviruddha rasabhavaste rasabhavasabdenatra vivaksitah | tadvirudvastu tadabhasah | tesam rasabhavanam tadabhasanam ca ya vrttih svasrayasambandhatmika tasyah prasame nibadhyamane samahita- 10 lamkaro bhavati | tatra hi tesam rasabhavanam samadhanam samadhih pariharo bhavati | samahitamiti bhave ktah | nanu yadi tasminkavye rasadinam vrttih parihriyate evam sati purvarasadinivrttya rasayantaropani bandhadrasa- vadayalamkaranupravesah prasakta ityasankayoktam-anyanubhavanih- sunyarupamiti | anyasya rasadyantarasya yenubhavadayastairnihsesena sunyam 15 rupam yasya tattathoktam | yatra purvesam rasadinam vasanaya dadharcena tesu- pasantesvapi rasadyantaranam na svarupamavirbhavati avirbhavadapi va karya- vasena kenacittirodhiyate tatra samahitalamkaro bhavati | 20 tasyodaharanam | atha kantam drsam drstra vibhramacca bhramam bhruvoh | prasannam mukharagamca romancasvedasamkulam || 8 || smarajvaramadiptani sarvangani samadadhat | upasarpadvirisutam girisah svastipurvakam || 9 || samadadhannije rupevasthapayan | samadadhadityabhyastatvannumopravrttih | atra bhagavata srngarasya yenubhavah kantadrstyadayastesamavahitthena 25 akarapracchadanatmakena bhavena tirodhanam vihitam | yaduktam svasti- purvakamiti | anena hyakaratirodhanamapadarsitam ||
vargah ] udattam | laghuvrttisametah | udattamrddhimadvastu caritam ca mahatmanam | upalaksanatam praptam netivrttatvamagatam || 8 || ( 49 ) rddhih suvarnadidhanasampattih | tadyuktam vastudattam | tena ca kavya- "thalam kriyate | 10 15 tasyodaharanam | uvaca ca yatah kode venukunjarajanmabhih | muktaphalairalamkarah savarinamapicchaya || 10 || pustayendra nilavaiduryapadmaragamayairviyat | sirobhirullikhadyatra sikharam gandhamadanam || 11 || uttaropatyaka yasya pradhanasvarnabhumayah | mahanmarakatovadhah padopantam ca samsritah || 12 || babhuva yasya patalapatinyam samksaye ksitau | patanam na taya sardhamayamastu prakatyabhut || 13 || 1 yasya evamvidharupata himadrerbhavati suta iti sambandhah | krodah sukarah | pustyo manivisesah | gandhamadanam parvatavisesah | upatyakah parvatadhara- vartino bhumibhagah | pradhanam svarnam kartasvaradi | uvadhih parvatah | samksayah kalpantah | bhumeradhogamanadbhumyaslistasya pradesasya bhumivivi katvaddhi- mavatah kalpante agramah prakatibhutah | atra ratnadisambharo nibaddhah | 20 tenedamudattam | tasya calamkaratvam lokatisayiratnadikaryadhvananat | evametadrddhimadvastu nibandhanenaikamudattamuktam | na kevalamrddhimadvastudacam yavadartham praptavanarthaparihare coyatani vipulasayanam cestitamapi | taduktam caritam ca mahatmanam - iti | na ca vipulasayacestite upanibadhyamane tasya srngaradirasapratipatti- 25 hetutvadrasavadalamkaranupravesotra subhagah vipulasayacestitasyatra vastva- ntaropalaksanatvenavantaravakyarthibhutatvat | na khalvatra mahapurusacestitam � ka . sa . sam . |
58 kavyalamkarasarasamgrahah [ caturthi vakyatatparyagocaratamanubhavati arthantaropalaksanaparatvat | yatra ca rasastatparyenavagamyante tatra tesam vakyavisrantisthanatvena caturvarga- taditarapraptipariharopayabhutasthah vibhava pariposavanasvadyamanatvadusa- dalamkaro bhavati | tena kutotrarasavadalam karagandhosi | taduktam - upalaksa- 5natam praptam netivrttatvamagatam iti | tasyodaharanam | tasyadikrodapinasa nivasepi punah punah | niskampasya sthitavati himadrerbhavati suta || 14 || atra himavatah svairye vakyarthabhute bhagavato varahavaputrelokyoddharano- 10 yuktasya cestitam virarasapratipattihetubhutamavantaravakyarthatvadupalaksani- mutam | adikroda adivarahah | evam rasantaresvapyupalaksanibhutesudaharyam | slistam | eka prayatnoccaryanam tacchayam caiva vibhratam | 15 svaritadigane bhinnairvandhah slistamihocyate || 9 || (50 ) alamkarantaragatam pratibham janayadaih | dvividhairarthasabdoktivisistam tatpratiyatam || 10 || ( 51 ) iha khalu sabdanamanekaryanam yugapadanekarthavivaksayam dvayi gatih | arthabhedena tavacchanda bhidyanta iti bhattasya siddhantah | tatrarthabhedena 20 midyamanah sabdah kecittatrega prayoktum sakyah kecinna| yesam halsvarasthanaprayatnadinam samyam te tatrena prayoktum sakyante | yatra tu ilamekatvane katvarupatvat svaranam codattatvanudattatvadina sthananam caustyavantyausthyatvadina prayatnanam ca laghutvalaghutvadina bhedastesam tatrena prayogah kartumasakyah sadharanarupatvattatrasya | taduktam- 25 sadharanam bhavettantramiti | evam cavasthite ye tatrenoccarayitum sakyante te ekaprayatmoccaryah | tadvanye satyarthasleso bhavati | taduktam- eka prayatno- 7
1 C vargah ] laghuvrttisametah | 59 caryanamiti | tatha ye tesamevaikaprayatnoccaryanam sabdanam chayam sadrsyam bibhrati tadupanibandhe ca sabdaslistam sabdantare uccaryamane sadrsyavasenanuccaritasyapi sabdantarasya slitatvat | taduktam- tacchayam caiva vibhratam | svaritadigunairbhinnairbandhah slista- miti tatha sabdoktivisistam tatpratiyatamiti | - etacca vitam dvividhamapyupamadya lamkarapratibhotpadanadvarenalamkaratam pratipadyate | atonenanavakasatvatsvavisaye alamkarantaranyapodyante tesam visayantare savakasatvat | taduktam- alamkarantaragatam pratibham jayanatpadaih | dvividhairiti | alamkarantaranamatra pratibhamatram na tu padabandha ityarthah | tadevam sabdavistamarthaslistam ca laksitam | tasyodaharanam | " svayam ca palavata bhasvatkara virajini | prabhatasamdhyevasvapa kalalubdhehitaprada || 15 || indukantamukhi snigdhamahanilasiroruha | muktasrikhi jagadratnam padmaragadi pallava || 16 || aparijatavartapi nandanasrirbhuvisthita | avindusundari nityam galallavanyavinduka || 17|| na kevalam tvam himadrerevamvivasya suta yavatsvayam caivamprakareti casabdah | 20 atra bhagavati kisalayavadatamrau bhasvantau diptimantau yo karau hastau tabhyam virajate | prabhatasamdhya tu pallavavadatamrairbhasvata adityasya karairmayukhairvirajate | atra cobhayatrapi haladinam samyam | atastantre- noccaranasya sambhavadayamarthaslesah | 25 asvapaphalalubdhehitapradetyatra tu bhagavatipakse asvapam sukhenatum yanna sakyate phalam tatra ye lubdhastebhya ihitamipsitam pradadatityarthah | prabhata- samdhyapakse tu svapasya nidranubhavasya yatphalam sramanivrttilaksanam tatra yo
10 60 kavyalamkarasarasamgrahah [ caturthi na lubdhah samdhyopasanapravrttatvattadvisayam hitamadrstam samarpayatityevamvidhorthah | atra ca purvasminpakse aikapadyat thathadisvarenantodattatvam (pa . su . 6-2-144 ) | uttaratra punarasvapaphalalacce iti hitapradeti ca anayorbhinnapadatvannasvaratvam asvapaphalalubdha ityasya tatpuruse tulyartheti 5 ( pa . su . 6-2-2 ) purvapadaprakrtisvarenayudattatvat hitapradetyasya tu thathadivarenantodattatvat | tenatra svarabhedah | asvapeti ca akarasya phalalubdha iti ca ekarasyobhayoh paksayoryathayogam lavavalaghavabhyam prayatnabhedopi | atastantrenoccarayitumasakyata | ekasmimstvatra sabde samuccarite sabdantarasya tatsadrsyatpratipattih | atoyam sabdaslesah | etayosca dvayorapyarthaslesasabdaslesayorupamapratimotpattihetutvam | prabha- tasamdhya hyatropamanam bhagavati upameya ivasabdasvopamanopameyabhavam dyota - yati | sabdavyatirekena tu sadharano dharmorthadhikaranotra na vidyate | tena neyamupama api tu slesa upamapratibhotpattihetuh | indukantamukhityatra bhagavati candravatsundaram mukham yasyah sa tathavidha | 15 tatha snigdhadirghakrsnakesi | mukta parityakta asrirasobha yatha sa tathavidha | trailokyotkrsta ca | tatha padmavatkamalavat rago lauhityam yayostathavidhau padapallavau yasyastadrupa | yadatvasau bhagavati rupaka- pratibhotpattinibandhanena slesena trailokyodaravartimanikyasambhararupataya rupyate tada prakrtorthascandrakantendranilamauktikasobha padmaragairavacchadi- 20 tarupataya pratiyate saksadevamvitharatnamayavayava yogitvat tribhuvanodara- ntargata ratnasamrddhirupeti | atra ca muktasrirityatra svarabhedo vidyate bahuvrihipakse bahuvrihau prakrtyeti (pa . su . 6-2-1 ) - purvapadaprakrtisvaratvat tatpuruse tu samasanto- dattatvat (pa . su . 6-1-123 - pa . su . 6-1-223 ) | sistanam tu sabda- 15 nam svarabhedo nasti | prayatnagurutvagurutve tu trijagadratnasabdavyatiriktesu tattadvarnavisayataya vidyete | tena tatra sabdaslesata | trijagadratnasabdasya tubhayatrapi kasyacidvisesasyavidyamanatvadartham slesatvam |
vargah | laghuvrttisametah | aparijata vartapityatra bhagavatyajatasatrutvadapagatasatrusamuhavarta | tadiya ca sobha sarvasyacittamavarjayatityato nandana sriryasyasta- thavidha | udakamadhyavartitaya ca yosau apsu udake pratibimbita indu- stadvatsundari | nityam ca galallavanya pravaha | yadatvasau bhagavati nanda- 5 nasrisabdasya devodyanasobhalaksanarthantarabhidhayitvadrupakapratibhotpatti- nibandhanena slesenaitadbhavamapadyate tada tatsamasrayatvena aparija- tavartapityadipadaparyalocanaya virodhapratibhahetoraparasyapi slesaraya- virbhavo bhavati | na khalu devodyanasobha avidyamanaparijatakhyavrksavi- sesavrttanta bhavati | na casau bhumau tisthati | abindusundara tyitra tu bindubhiryasyah saundaryam nasti tasyah katham lavanyabindavah prasareyuriti virodhapratibhotpattihetuh slesah | aparijatavatapityatrapyapagatarijatabatemti- bahuvrihau prakrtyeti ( pa . su . 6-2-1 ) purvapadaprakrtisvaratvam | tatpurusapakse tvantodattatvam ( pa . su . 6-1-123 - pa . su . 6-1-223 ) | abindusundarityatra 15 avinduvatsundarityupamanatvat tatpuruse tulyartheti (pa . su . 6-2-2 ) - abindusabdasya prakrtisvarah | tasya ca saptamyantapurva padatvadanenaiva sutrena ( pa . su . 6-2-2 ) prakrtisvarenayudattatvam | abindusundarityatra tvavyayatvannanah purvapadaprakrtisvaratvena (pa, su . 6-2-2 ) tadeva | tenatra svarabhedasyabhavah | prayatnabhedakrtattu cakaravaicitryacchandaslesata || 1 iti mahasripratiharendurajaviracitayamudbhatalamkarasara- samgrahalaghuvrttau caturtho vargah || 4 ||