Prana, 笔谤腻峁嚹�, 笔谤腻峁嘺, 笔谤补峁嘺, 笔谤腻峁�, Pran: 49 definitions
Introduction:
Prana means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, the history of ancient India, Marathi, Hindi, biology. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
Images (photo gallery)
In Hinduism
Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy)
Source: Wisdom Library: Kubjik腻mata-tantra笔谤腻峁嚹� (啶啶班ぞ啶｀ぞ):鈥擳hird of the eight M腻t峁泂 born from the body of Calan墨, according to the Kubjik腻mata-tantra. These eight sub-manifestations (尘腻迟峁�), including 笔谤腻峁嚹�, symbolize a relation to the wind. 笔谤腻峁嚹� itself represents 辫谤腻峁嘺, one of the five vital airs. They are presided over by the Bhairava Asit腻峁単a. Calan墨 is the fifth of the Eight Mah腻尘腻迟峁泂, residing within the 惭腻迟峁沜补办谤补 (third of the five cakras) and represents wind.
: archive.org: Vijnana Bhairava or Divine Consciousness笔谤腻峁嘺 (啶啶班ぞ啶�).鈥擨ndian thought believes that between the body and the mind or between the material or physical energy and mental energy, there is 辫谤腻峁嘺 which is an intermediary link between the two. The word 辫谤腻峁嘺 has been variously translated as the vital force, biological energy, bio-plasma, etc. According to Indian Philosophy, between the body and manas or mind, there is 辫谤腻峁嘺 which serves as a link between the two.
笔谤腻峁嘺 is not mind; it is insentient, but it is not like gross physical energy which catches the vibrations of the mind and transmits them to the nerves and plexuses and also physical vibrations to the mind. By cotnrolling the mind one can control the 辫谤腻峁嘺, and by controlling the 辫谤腻峁嘺, one can control the mind. According to 艢aiv腻gama, 辫谤腻峁嘺 is not something alien to 蝉补峁僾颈迟 or consciousness, but the first evolute of 蝉补峁僾颈迟 (consciousness). In the process of creation 蝉补峁僾颈迟 or consciousness is at first transformed into 辫谤腻峁嘺. So 辫谤腻峁嘺 is a phase of consciousness itself.
The word 辫谤腻峁嘺 is thus used in three senses鈥�
- in a general sense of 辫谤腻峁嘺-艣补办迟颈 or life-force,
- in a specific sense according to the various biological functions,
- in the sense of breath.
笔谤腻峁嘺 (啶啶班ぞ啶�) refers to a basic unit of time and equals 24 seconds, while 60 辫谤腻峁嘺s corresponds to 1 驳丑补峁璱办腻/苍腻岣峣办腻, equalling 24 minutes. The Arcan腻峁単avidhi of P奴rvak腻mik腻gama first details the time measurement used before explaining the 辫奴箩腻 schedule. The 膧gama divides a day into eight major time periods, further divided into smaller units. The smallest and most basic unit of time is one 蝉惫腻蝉补. Sixty 蝉惫腻蝉补 constitute one 辫谤腻峁嘺. Sixty 辫谤腻峁嘺 constitute one 驳丑补峁璱办腻. Calculation is made from sunrise. Seven and a half 驳丑补峁璱办腻 is equal to one 测腻尘补. A day consists of eight 测腻尘补, or sixty 驳丑补峁璱办腻.
: Brill: 艢aivism and the Tantric Traditions笔谤腻峁嘺 (啶啶班ぞ啶�) or V腻yu refers to the 鈥渧ital airs of the body鈥�, according to the Brahma测腻尘补la-tantra (or Picumata), an early 7th century 艢aiva text consisting of twelve-thousand verses.鈥擺The 辫补诲尘补尘腻濒腻-惫颈诲丑颈 prescribes installing deities within series of nine, seven and eight lotuses].鈥擶hile the Brahma测腻尘补la does not treat the lotus garlands as fixtures of a subtle body, it does posit the existence of such structures: the body鈥檚 channels (苍腻岣嵞�) and vital airs (惫腻测耻, 辫谤腻峁嘺), for instance, and more pertinently, points known as granthis (鈥渒nots鈥� or 鈥渏oints鈥�). A particular series of nine granthis forms the locus for installing the nine lotuses of the primary 辫补诲尘补尘腻濒腻. That granthis were considered to be anatomical realities is suggested by their treatment as points in the body rather than as objects to be placed/installed in the body or engendered through meditation. [...]
: SOAS University of London: Protective Rites in the Netra Tantra笔谤腻峁嘺 (啶啶班ぞ啶�) refers to the 鈥渧ital energy鈥� (of living beings), according to the Netratantra of K峁mar腻ja: a 艢aiva text from the 9th century in which 艢iva (Bhairava) teaches P腻rvat墨 topics such as metaphysics, cosmology, and soteriology.鈥擜ccordingly, [verse 22.14]鈥斺�淥峁� (辫谤补峁嘺惫补) exists as the vital energy [i.e., life] (辫谤腻峁嘺) of living beings (辫谤腻峁噄苍). It is established as that which keeps [living beings] alive. 笔谤补峁嘺va enables [those beings] with all [their] parts. He [who knows this] shall know 艢iva鈥�.
Shaiva (啶多啶�, 艣aiva) or Shaivism (艣aivism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshiping Shiva as the supreme being. Closely related to Shaktism, Shaiva literature includes a range of scriptures, including Tantras, while the root of this tradition may be traced back to the ancient Vedas.
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
: archive.org: Puranic Encyclopedia1) 笔谤腻峁嘺 (啶啶班ぞ啶�).鈥擥randson of sage 叠丑峁沢耻. 叠丑峁沢耻 got of his wife 碍丑测腻迟颈 a daughter named Lak峁墨 and two sons named Dh腻t腻 and Vidh腻t腻. They married 膧yati and Niyati respectively and they got two sons named 笔谤腻峁嘺 and M峁沰a峁囜笉u. M腻rka峁囜笉eya was the son of M峁沰a峁囜笉u. (Chapter 10, A峁兣沘 1, Vi峁ａ箛u Pur腻峁嘺).
2) 笔谤腻峁嘺 (啶啶班ぞ啶�).鈥擜 son born to the Vasu named Soma of his wife Manohar腻. This 笔谤腻峁嘺 was the younger brother of Varccas. These brothers had two other brothers named 艢i艣ira and Rama峁嘺. (艢loka 26, Chapter 66, 膧di Parva).
3) 笔谤腻峁嘺 (啶啶班ぞ啶�).鈥敱拾遽箛a惫腻测耻. The wind of life. (See under Par腻vaha).
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: The Purana Index1a) 笔谤腻峁嘺 (啶啶班ぞ啶�).鈥擜 son of Vidh腻tri and Niyat墨 (腻yati-br. p.). His wife was Pu峁囜笉ar墨k腻 and Dyutim腻n was his son.*
- * Bh腻gavata-pur腻峁嘺 IV. 1. 44-45; Brahm腻峁囜笉a-pur腻峁嘺 II. 11. 6-9, 40.
1b) A Vasu and a son of Dharma; married 弄rjasvat墨. Father of Saha and two other sons.*
- * Bh腻gavata-pur腻峁嘺 VI. 6. 11-12; Vi峁ａ箛u-pur腻峁嘺 I. 15. 113.
1c) A Bh腻rgava and a sage of the Sv腻roci峁 epoch.*
- * Brahm腻峁囜笉a-pur腻峁嘺 II. 36. 17; Matsya-pur腻峁嘺 9. 8.
1d) A son of Dhara;1 a S腻dhya.2
1e) A son of Angiras;1 a S腻dhya;2 a Tu峁ta;3 an Ajitadeva.4
- 1) Matsya-pur腻峁嘺 196. 2; V腻yu-pur腻峁嘺 65. 105.
- 2) Ib. 66. 15.
- 3) Brahm腻峁囜笉a-pur腻峁嘺 III. 3. 19; V腻yu-pur腻峁嘺 66. 18.
- 4) Ib. 67. 34.
1f) The 补苍迟补谤腻迟尘补; it is anna or food; anna is Brahm腻, etc.; from this grows creatures. (cf. Upani峁d; also Yajur Veda);1 one of the V腻yus which determine the karma of people;2 is 箩墨惫补.3
1g) A son of Dh腻t峁� and father of Dyutimat.*
- * V. I. 10. 4-5.
1h) One of the seven seers of the Sv腻roci峁 epoch.*
- * Vi峁ａ箛u-pur腻峁嘺 III. 1. 11.
1) 笔谤腻峁嘺 (啶啶班ぞ啶�) is the son of 膧yati (son of Meru) and Dh腻t腻: one of the three daughters of 叠丑峁沢耻 and 碍丑测腻迟颈: one of the twenty-four daughters of Dak峁 and Pras奴ti, according to the 痴补峁兣沘 (鈥榞enealogical description鈥�) of the 10th century 厂补耻谤补辫耻谤腻峁嘺: one of the various Upapur腻峁嘺s depicting 艢aivism.鈥擜ccordingly, From 叠丑峁沢耻 through 碍丑测腻迟颈, Lak峁墨 (the beloved of N腻r腻ya峁嘺), Dh腻t腻 and Vidh腻t腻 were born. Dh腻t腻 and Vidh腻t腻 became the Sons-in-law of Meru marrying 膧yati and Niyati respectively. 笔谤腻峁嘺 was born form Dh腻t腻 and M峁沰a峁囜笉u was born from Vidh腻t腻. 笔谤腻峁嘺 had a son named Veda艣iras and the son of M峁沰a峁囜笉u was M腻rka峁囜笉eya.
2) 笔谤腻峁嘺 (啶啶班ぞ啶�) is the name of one of the seven sages (蝉补辫迟补谤峁) in the 厂惫腻谤辞肠颈峁-惭补苍惫补苍迟补谤补: the second of the fourteen Manvantaras.鈥擜ccordingly, 鈥淚n this second [Sv腻roci峁] Manvantara the deities are the Tu峁tas, Vipa艣cit is the name of the Indra, and 弄rja, Stambha, 笔谤腻峁嘺, D腻nta, 峁氠梗abha, Timira and S腻rvariv腻n (Arvar墨v腻n?) are the seven sages鈥�.
The Purana (啶啶班ぞ啶�, pur腻峁嘺s) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India鈥檚 vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Ayurveda (science of life)
: Google Books: A Practical Approach to the Science of Ayurveda笔谤腻峁嘺 (啶啶班ぞ啶�).鈥擮ne of the five 耻辫补诲辞峁蝉 (sub-functions) of 惫腻迟补 (one of the three biological humors).鈥�
Location of 辫谤腻峁嘺: Head, chest and brain.
Functions of 辫谤腻峁嘺: Perceptions and movements of all kinds, respiratory activity, swallowing of food, conversion of breath into life-force, spitting and sneezing.
Ailments of 辫谤腻峁嘺 due to vitiation: Hiccoughs, cough, bronchial asthma, cold, sore throat and other respiratory complaints, giddiness, syncope and other neurological disorders.
: gurumukhi.ru: Ayurveda glossary of terms笔谤腻峁嘺 (啶啶班ぞ啶�):鈥�1. Vitality. 2. Breath of life , 3. Spirit 4. Life
膧yurveda (啶嗋く啷佮ぐ啷嵿さ啷囙う, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of 膧yurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.
Vyakarana (Sanskrit grammar)
: Wikisource: A dictionary of Sanskrit grammar笔谤腻峁嘺 (啶啶班ぞ啶�).鈥擜ir, which is instrumental in producing sound; cf. 啶掂ぞ啶啶� 啶啶班ぞ啶｀ 啶曕ぃ啷嵿啷嵿く啶え啷佮お啷嵿ぐ 啶︵ぞ啶ㄠぎ啷� (惫腻测耻岣� 辫谤腻峁嘺岣� ka峁囜弓hyamanupra d腻nam) R.Pr.XIII.1.
Vyakarana (啶掂啶ぞ啶曕ぐ啶�, vy腻kara峁嘺) refers to Sanskrit grammar and represents one of the six additional sciences (vedanga) to be studied along with the Vedas. Vyakarana concerns itself with the rules of Sanskrit grammar and linguistic analysis in order to establish the correct context of words and sentences.
Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology)
Source: Wisdom Library: Brihat Samhita by Varahamihira笔谤腻峁嘺 (啶啶班ぞ啶�) refers to 4 seconds, according to the B峁沨atsa峁僪it腻 (chapter 2), an encyclopedic Sanskrit work written by Var腻hamihira mainly focusing on the science of ancient Indian astronomy astronomy (Jyoti峁).鈥擜ccordingly, 鈥淲e shall now proceed to give a brief description of (the qualifications of) a 箩测辞迟颈峁办补. [...] He must have a correct, knowledge of a yuga (43,20,000 Solar years), 惫补谤峁 (a solar year), 腻测补苍补 (6 solar months), 峁泃耻 (2 solar months), 尘腻蝉补 (a solar month), 辫补办峁 (15 solar days), 补丑辞谤腻迟谤补 (a solar day), yama (one-eighth of a solar day), 尘耻丑奴谤迟补 (one-thirtieth of a solar day), 苍腻岣嵞� (one-sixtieth of a solar day or 24 minutes), 惫颈苍腻岣峣 (one sixtieth of a 苍腻岣嵞� or 24 seconds), 辫谤腻峁嘺 (4 seconds) 迟谤耻峁璱 (33, 75th of a second) and parts of a 迟谤耻峁璱 and other divisions of time and also of divisions of space鈥�.
: Wikibooks (hi): Sanskrit Technical Terms笔谤腻峁嘺 (啶啶班ぞ啶�).鈥擴nit of time equal to four sidereal seconds or one-sixth of a vi苍腻岣峣办腻. Note: 笔谤腻峁嘺 is a Sanskrit technical term used in ancient Indian sciences such as Astronomy, Mathematics and Geometry.
Jyotisha (啶溹啶啶むた啶�, 箩测辞迟颈峁 or jyotish) refers to 鈥榓stronomy鈥� or 鈥淰edic astrology鈥� and represents the fifth of the six Vedangas (additional sciences to be studied along with the Vedas). Jyotisha concerns itself with the study and prediction of the movements of celestial bodies, in order to calculate the auspicious time for rituals and ceremonies.
Vaishnavism (Vaishava dharma)
: Pure Bhakti: Bhagavad-gita (4th edition)笔谤腻峁嘺 (啶啶班ぞ啶�) refers to 鈥�(1) Life energy; life-air (2) The in-coming breath (4.27)鈥�. (cf. Glossary page from 艢谤墨尘补诲-叠丑补驳补惫补诲-骋墨迟腻).
: Pure Bhakti: Brhad Bhagavatamrtam笔谤腻峁嘺 (啶啶班ぞ啶�) refers to:鈥擳he life-energy; life-air; outgoing breath. (cf. Glossary page from 艢r墨 B峁沨ad-bh腻gavat腻m峁泃a).
: Vallabh: Nirodha-lakshana笔谤腻峁嘺 (啶啶班ぞ啶�) refers to the 鈥渓ife-force鈥� (which is to be surrendered by Yoga practitioners following the Pu峁ａ弓im腻rga tradition), according to the Nirodhalak峁峁嘺 (lit. 鈥渃haracteristics of restraint鈥�) written by 艢r墨 Vallabh腻c腻rya for his disciples.鈥� Nirodha refers to 鈥渇orgetting the material world entirely (and becoming exclusively attached to the Lord/Bhagav腻n)鈥�. The concept of nirodha in the Pu峁ａ弓im腻rga tradition transcends the yogic definition of 肠颈迟迟补惫峁泃迟颈-苍颈谤辞诲丑补 (restraining mental modifications). Instead, it represents the total surrender of body, senses, life-force (辫谤腻峁嘺), mind, intellect, ego, and all possessions toward 艢r墨 K峁涐梗峁嘺鈥檚 service. It is characterized by profound experiences of union and separation.
Vaishnava (啶掂啶粪啶｀さ, vai峁ａ箛ava) or vaishnavism (vai峁ａ箛avism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshipping Vishnu as the supreme Lord. Similar to the Shaktism and Shaivism traditions, Vaishnavism also developed as an individual movement, famous for its exposition of the dashavatara (鈥榯en avatars of Vishnu鈥�).
Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)
: Google Books: Manthanabhairavatantram1) 笔谤腻峁嘺 (啶啶班ぞ啶�) refers to the 鈥渧ital breath鈥�, according to the 艢r墨matottara-tantra, an expansion of the Kubjik腻matatantra: the earliest popular and most authoritative Tantra of the Kubjik腻 cult.鈥擜ccordingly, as the God Bhairava said to the Goddess: 鈥淵ou are Power (艣补办迟颈) and I am the individual soul called the vital breath (辫谤腻峁嘺) of living beings (辫谤腻峁噄苍). The individual soul consists of Fire (i.e. power) and Air (breath) and is established in the Body of Kula [i.e., 办耻濒补辫颈峁囜笉补闭鈥�.
2) 笔谤腻峁嘺 (啶啶班ぞ啶�) or 笔谤腻峁嘺granthi refers to the 鈥淜not of the Vital Breath (辫谤腻峁嘺)鈥� and represents one of the 鈥渟ixteen knots鈥� (granthi), according to the 峁峁璼腻hasrasa峁僪it腻, an expansion of the Kubjik腻matatantra: the earliest popular and most authoritative Tantra of the Kubjik腻 cult.鈥擜ccordingly, 鈥�(1) The Knot called Ananta, which is HA峁係A, should be placed (on the body). It is at the middle toe of the sixteen parts (of the body).The Knot of Time is below the ankle. [...] (10) The Knot of the Sun is in the navel and (11) the one called the Vital Breath [i.e., 辫谤腻峁嘺-granthi] is in its own place (that is, in the breath). [...闭鈥�.
The sixteen Knots [i.e., 辫谤腻峁嘺-granthi] are parts of the goddess鈥檚 body. Accordingly, they are projected into the adept鈥檚 body to transform it into the Triple Fort, that is, the triangular body of the goddess replete with the energies of the sacred seats. She is both with form, consisting of the letters and mantras, and without form as the Transmental (尘补苍辞苍尘补苍墨) energy of the god.
: Brill: 艢aivism and the Tantric Traditions (shaktism)笔谤腻峁嘺 (啶啶班ぞ啶�) refers to the 鈥渧ital functions鈥� (of the body), according to the King Vatsar腻ja鈥檚 P奴j腻stuti called the K腻masiddhistuti (also V腻make艣var墨stuti), guiding one through the worship of the Goddess Nity腻.鈥擜ccordingly, 鈥淸...] O Goddess! With your energy the sun burns, the moon expands the immortal essence with his beams, and here in our body the vital functions glimmer (辫谤腻峁嘺鈥�辫谤腻峁嚹錽tapanta iha) under the control of the vital air. For, without you none can function at all鈥�.
Shakta (啶多ぞ啶曕啶�, 艣腻kta) or Shaktism (艣腻ktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.
Shaiva philosophy
: Brill: 艢aivism and the Tantric Traditions (philosophy)1) 笔谤腻峁嘺 (啶啶班ぞ啶�) refers to the 鈥渆ssence (of ordinary human practice)鈥�, according to the 莫艣varapratyabhij帽腻viv峁泃ivimar艣in墨 2.131.鈥擜ccordingly, 鈥淸They] 鈥榗onsist in each other鈥� [means the following]: even the essence (辫谤腻峁嘺) of [ordinary human practice] such as buying and selling, etc., is nothing but such a manifesting consciousness. Only that which is manifest in such a way is for this very reason useful [in providing] to me, for whom [this thing is manifest and while I am] being manifest [myself], an efficacy which is [itself] necessarily manifest!鈥�.
2) 笔谤腻峁嘺 (啶啶班ぞ啶�) refers to 鈥渓ife-force鈥� and represents of the four divisions of the Self, according to K峁mar腻ja鈥檚 Pratyabhij帽腻h峁沝aya (chapter 7-8).鈥擜ccordingly, the self is said to be four-fold: void, life-force (辫谤腻峁嘺), the subtle body consisting of the mind and its faculties, and the physical body. It is five-fold with the transindividual Power of Awareness that permeates the whole. In fact, it is not only cit that permeates the other levels: K峁mar腻ja tells us that 鈥渋t is clear that the very essence of each of these levels is the fact of its pervasion by all the loci of perception prior to it,鈥� where 鈥渓oci of perception鈥� refers to these levels of embodiment as those realities with which contracted souls identify, and 鈥減rior to鈥� means 鈥渕ore fundamental than
-
Ganitashastra (Mathematics and Algebra)
: archive.org: Hindu Mathematics笔谤腻峁嘺 (啶啶班ぞ啶�) represents the number 5 (five) in the 鈥渨ord-numeral system鈥� (产丑奴迟补蝉补峁僰丑测腻), which was used in Sanskrit texts dealing with astronomy, mathematics, metrics, as well as in the dates of inscriptions and manuscripts in ancient Indian literature.鈥擜 system of expressing numbers by means of words arranged as in the place-value notation was developed and perfected in India in the early centuries of the Christian era. In this system the numerals [e.g., 5鈥�辫谤腻峁嘺] are expressed by names of things, beings or concepts, which, naturally or in accordance with the teaching of the 艢腻stras, connote numbers.
Ganita (啶椸ぃ啶苦い) or Ganitashastra refers to the ancient Indian science of mathematics, algebra, number theory, arithmetic, etc. Closely allied with astronomy, both were commonly taught and studied in universities, even since the 1st millennium BCE. Ganita-shastra also includes ritualistic math-books such as the Shulba-sutras.
Pancaratra (worship of N腻r腻ya峁嘺)
: archive.org: Catalogue of Pancaratra Agama Texts1) 笔谤腻峁嘺 (啶啶班ぞ啶�) refers to the 鈥渧ital breath鈥�, as discussed in chapter 5 (Yogap腻da) of the 笔补诲尘补蝉补峁僪颈迟腻: the most widely followed of Sa峁僪it腻 covering the entire range of concerns of P腻帽car腻tra doctrine and practice (i.e., the four-fold formulation of subject matter鈥�箩帽腻苍补, yoga, 办谤颈测腻 and 肠补谤测腻) consisting of roughly 9000 verses.鈥擠escription of the chapter [测辞驳补濒补办峁峁嘺]:鈥擺...] If breath-control (辫谤腻峁嚹宀饽宄静�) is perfected so that the vital 鈥�辫谤腻峁嘺鈥� is directed to the top of the head-and if this is also accompanied by repetition of the 诲惫腻诲补艣腻办峁谤墨-尘补苍迟谤补鈥攖hen one enjoys the final reward. Such a Yogin is not born again and he becomes one with Brahman [brahma sampadyate] (16-27). [...]
2) 笔谤腻峁嘺 (啶啶班ぞ啶�) or 笔谤腻峁嘺mudr腻 refers to one of the Mudr腻s (gestures) discussed in chapter 31 of the 惭腻谤办补峁囜笉别测补蝉补峁僪颈迟腻: a P腻帽car腻tra text comprising some 2200 Sanskrit verses mainly dealing with temple-building, iconography, 辫奴箩腻 (worship procedures), utsava (festivities) and 辫谤腻测补艣肠颈迟迟补 (expiatory measures).鈥擠escription of chapter [尘耻诲谤腻-惫颈诲丑腻苍补]: As a part of worship [辫奴箩腻峁単a], it is ordained in the 艣腻蝉迟谤补蝉 that certain 尘耻诲谤腻-gestures be done to please the gods (1). The ones listed and described are [e.g., 笔谤腻峁嘺-mudr腻] [...]. When some of these are to be used in the worship of God is given (49b-58).
Pancaratra (啶ぞ啶炧啶氞ぐ啶距い啷嵿ぐ, p腻帽car腻tra) represents a tradition of Hinduism where Narayana is revered and worshipped. Closeley related to Vaishnavism, the Pancaratra literature includes various Agamas and tantras incorporating many Vaishnava philosophies.
General definition (in Hinduism)
: Yoga Magazine: PranaThe first prana is known as Prana. It is located between the diaphragm and the throat. This prana is an upward flowing force. It maintains the function of the lungs and heart, and is responsible for inhalation and exhalation, and for the swallowing and regurgitation of food. Although it is an upward moving force in general, it also has the ability to move downward in that region.
In Buddhism
Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism)
: Brill: 艢aivism and the Tantric Traditions (tantric Buddhism)笔谤腻峁嘺 (啶啶班ぞ啶�) refers to 鈥渧itality鈥�, according to the Vimalaprabh腻: an eleventh-century commentary on the K腻lacakratantra.鈥擳he Vimalaprabh腻 explains the term 丑补峁环补测辞驳补 as the name of a type of yoga that forces 辫谤腻峁嘺 (鈥榲itality鈥�) into the central channel through a practice involving 苍腻诲补 (鈥榠nternal resonance鈥�) and retention of bindu (鈥榞enerative fluids鈥�).
Tibetan Buddhism includes schools such as Nyingma, Kadampa, Kagyu and Gelug. Their primary canon of literature is divided in two broad categories: The Kangyur, which consists of Buddha鈥檚 words, and the Tengyur, which includes commentaries from various sources. Esotericism and tantra techniques (惫补箩谤补测腻苍补) are collected indepently.
In Jainism
General definition (in Jainism)
: Encyclopedia of Jainism: Tattvartha Sutra 5: The category of the non-living笔谤腻峁嘺 (啶啶班ぞ啶�, 鈥渞espiration鈥�) according to the 2nd-century Tattv腻rthas奴tra 5.19.鈥擳he function of matter (pudgala) is to form the basis of the body (艣补谤墨谤补), the organs of speech (惫腻肠), the mind (manas) and the respiration (辫谤腻峁嘺). What is the meaning of life force (辫谤腻峁嘺)? The cause of the life or to exist in a particular realm is called 辫谤腻峁嘺 (breathe or respiration).
Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, 鈥榮elf-reliance鈥�) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.
India history and geography
Source: Wisdom Library: Teachers, Saints and SagesPran or Prannatha refers to one of the 鈥渘ine saints鈥� (Navnath), according to Jogendra Nath Bhattacharya in his Hindu Castes and Sects and G. W. Briggs in his Gorakhnath and the Kanphata Yogis.鈥擳hese nine teachers form the basis of the Navnath Sampradaya (the lineage of the nine Gurus). They are worshipped collectively as well as individually. [...] The nine teachers [e.g., Pran-natha] are considered representative of great teachers in this tradition or Parampara tradition鈥攁 succession of Teachers (Gurus) and Disciples (Shishyasa) in Indian-origin religions such as Hinduism, Jainism, Sikhism and Buddhism.
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Indian Epigraphical Glossary笔谤腻峁嘺.鈥�(CII 1), living being; same as 辫谤腻峁噄苍. (IE 7-1-2), 鈥榝ive鈥�. Note: 辫谤腻峁嘺 is defined in the 鈥淚ndian epigraphical glossary鈥� as it can be found on ancient inscriptions commonly written in Sanskrit, Prakrit or Dravidian languages.
The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.
Biology (plants and animals)
: Google Books: CRC World Dictionary (Regional names)Pran in Burma is the name of a plant defined with Xylia xylocarpa in various botanical sources. This page contains potential references in Ayurveda, modern medicine, and other folk traditions or local practices It has the synonym Acacia xylocarpa Willd. (among others).
Example references for further research on medicinal uses or toxicity (see latin names for full list):
路 London Journal of Botany (1842)
路 Ethnobotany. The Renaissance of Traditional Herbal Medicine. (1996)
路 Journal of Botany (1842)
路 Species Plantarum.
路 Burmah (1882)
路 Taxon (1985)
If you are looking for specific details regarding Pran, for example diet and recipes, chemical composition, side effects, pregnancy safety, extract dosage, health benefits, have a look at these references.
This sections includes definitions from the five kingdoms of living things: Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists and Monera. It will include both the official binomial nomenclature (scientific names usually in Latin) as well as regional spellings and variants.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionary辫谤腻峁嘺 (啶啶班ぞ啶�).鈥攎 (S) A vital air. Five are enumerated, viz. 辫谤腻峁嘺, ap腻na, vy腻na, 耻诲腻苍补, sam腻na. 2 The first of the five, used, from its seat in the lungs, preeminently, and expressing life or vitality. 3 fig. Anything dearly loved. 4 Breath, air inhaled. 5 Air or wind. For figurative senses, phrases, and applications of this word besides the few subjoined here see under 箩墨惫补. 耻驳丑补岣峺腻 岣嵟嶀阜y腻n膿峁� 辫谤腻峁嘺 j腻ta n腻h墨峁� One cannot die or rest in tranquility whilst his eyes are open (unto some iniquity or impropriety). 辫谤腻峁嘺 耻谤补峁嚹抚箖 g. of s. To be but alive. 辫谤腻峁嘺 艒ka峁嚹撫箖 To indulge excessive sorrow. 2 To long after vehemently. 辫谤腻峁嘺 pl 箩腻峁嚹抚箖 g. of s. To die. 辫谤腻峁嘺 峁環膿va峁嚹撫箖 To set one's heart and affections upon. 2 Phrase. m墨 辫谤腻峁嘺 峁環膿va峁嚹錼a n腻h墨峁� I will not live. 辫谤腻峁嘺 d膿峁嚹撫箖 To give up or resign one's life. 辫谤腻峁嘺 v腻ha峁嚹撫箖 To devote one's self, soul and spirit, to the service of. Ex. 辫谤腻峁嘺 v腻hil腻 p腻y腻var墨 ||. 辫谤腻峁嘺 s艒kha峁嚹撫箖 g. of s. To be parched with thirst. 2 To long and pant for; to thirst after. 辫谤腻峁嘺 s艒岣峚峁嚹撫箖 To resign one's breath. 辫谤腻峁嚹錭腻 v腻lh墨 Lord of one's life, viz. a husband. 辫谤腻峁嚹錺膿k峁Ｄ� 办补峁环墨峁嘺 Worse than death. 辫谤腻峁嚹迮浤箖 箩腻峁嚹抚箖 To lose life (through some violence or with prematureness).
: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-English辫谤腻峁嘺 (啶啶班ぞ啶�).鈥�m A vital air. Life. Anything dearly loved. Breath. Air. 耻驳丑补岣峺腻 岣嵟嶀阜y腻n膿 辫谤腻峁嘺 j腻ta n腻h墨峁� One cannot rest in tranquillity whilst his eyes are open to some iniquity or impropriety. 辫谤腻峁嘺 耻谤补峁嚹抚箖 To be just alive. 辫谤腻峁嘺 pl 箩腻峁嚹抚箖 To die. 辫谤腻峁嘺 峁環膿va峁嚹撫箖 To set one's heart and affections upon. m墨 辫谤腻峁嘺 峁環膿va峁嚹錼a n腻h墨峁� I will not live. 辫谤腻峁嘺 d膿峁嚹撫箖 To give up or resign one's life. 辫谤腻峁嘺 v腻ha峁嚹撫箖 To devote one's self or soul to the service of. 辫谤腻峁嘺 s艒kha峁嚹撫箖 To be parched with thirst. To thirst after. 辫谤腻峁嘺 s艒岣峚峁嚹撫箖 To resign one's breath. 辫谤腻峁嚹錭腻 v腻lh墨-l墨 Lord of one's life, viz. a husband. 辫谤腻峁嚹錺脓办峁Ｄ遽箖 办补峁环墨峁嘺 Worse than death.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary笔谤补峁嘺 (啶啶班ぃ).鈥�a. Old, ancient.
--- OR ---
笔谤补峁嘺 (啶啶班ぃ).鈥�1 P.
1) To bow down, salute, make a low obeisance to, be humble (with acc. or dative); 啶� 啶啶班ぃ啶え啷嵿い啶� 啶︵啶掂い啶距き啷嵿く啶� (na 辫谤补峁嘺尘anti devat腻bhya岣�) K.18; 啶むぞ啶� 啶啷嵿い啶苦お啷嵿ぐ啶掂ぃ啷囙え 啶氞啶むじ啶� 啶啶班ぃ啶ㄠぞ啶� (t腻峁� bhaktiprava峁噀na cetas腻 辫谤补峁嘺n腻ma) K. 228; Kum腻rasambhava 7.27; 啶むじ啷嵿ぎ啶距い啷� 啶啶班ぃ啶啶� 啶啶班ぃ啶苦ぇ啶距く 啶曕ぞ啶ぎ啷� (tasm腻t 辫谤补峁嘺尘ya pra峁噄dh腻ya k腻yam) Bhagavadg墨t腻 (Bombay) 11.44; R.2.21. (s腻峁ａ弓腻峁単a峁� 辫谤补峁嘺尘 'to fall down on the eight limbs'; see 补峁ａ弓腻峁単补; da峁囜笉avat 辫谤补峁嘺尘 'to bow by throwing oneself down on the ground quite prostrate and flat like a stick placed horizontally, touching the ground at all points; cf. 诲补峁囜笉补辫谤补峁嚹錷补.) -Caus. (辫谤补峁嘺尘补测补迟颈) To cause to bow down; 啶むぞ啶ぐ啷嵿啶苦い啶距き啷嵿く啶� 啶曕啶侧う啷囙さ啶むぞ啶啶 啶曕啶侧お啷嵿ぐ啶むた啶粪啶犩ぞ啶� 啶啶班ぃ啶く啷嵿く 啶ぞ啶むぞ (t腻marcit腻bhya岣� kuladevat腻bhya岣� kulaprati峁ａ弓h腻峁� 辫谤补峁嘺尘ayya m腻t腻) Kum腻rasambhava 7.27.
2) To bend, incline.
Derivable forms: 辫谤补峁嘺尘 (啶啶班ぃ啶).
--- OR ---
笔谤腻峁嘺 (啶啶班ぞ啶�).鈥�1 Breath, respiration.
2) The breath of life, vitality, life, vital air, principle of life (usually pl. in this sense, the 笔谤腻峁嘺s being five; 辫谤腻峁嘺, ap腻na, sam腻na, vy腻na and 耻诲腻苍补); 啶啶班ぞ啶｀啶班啶啷嵿ぐ啷嬥ざ啶げ啷�啶じ啷堗ぐ啷嵿さ啶� (辫谤腻峁嘺irupakro艣amal墨masairv腻) R.2.53;12.54; (h峁沝i 辫谤腻峁噊 gude'p腻na岣� sam腻no n腻bhisa峁僺thita岣� | 耻诲腻苍补岣� ka峁囜弓hade艣astho vy腻na岣� sarva艣补谤墨谤补ga岣� ||).
3) The first of the five life-winds or vital airs (which has its seat in the lungs); 啶呧お啶距え啷� 啶溹啶灌啶掂い啶� 啶啶班ぞ啶｀ 啶啶班ぞ啶｀啶洁お啶距え啶� 啶むぅ啶距お啶班 啷� 啶啶班ぞ啶｀ぞ啶ぞ啶ㄠ啶む 啶班啶︵啶о啶掂ぞ 啶啶班ぞ啶｀ぞ啶ぞ啶�- 啶ぐ啶距く啶｀ぞ啶� (ap腻ne juhvati 辫谤腻峁嘺峁� 辫谤腻峁噀'p腻na峁� tath腻pare | 辫谤腻峁嚹錺腻nagat墨 ruddhv腻 辫谤腻峁嚹宀饽宄静�- par腻ya峁嚹遽弗) || Bhagavadg墨t腻 (Bombay) 4.29.
4) Wind, air inhaled.
5) Energy, vigour, strength, power; as in 啶啶班ぞ啶｀じ啶距ぐ (辫谤腻峁嘺s腻ra) q. v.; 啶啶︵啶оぞ啶むた啶ム啶 啶啶班う啶距じ啷嵿く啶距ぎ啶� 啶ぅ啶距お啷嵿ぐ啶距ぃ啶� 啶ㄠた啶多ぞ啶氞ぐ (yuddh腻tithya峁� prad腻sy腻mi yath腻辫谤腻峁嘺峁� ni艣腻cara) R腻m.3.5.28; Bh腻gavata 8.2.29; 啶膏ぐ啷嵿さ啶啶班ぞ啶｀お啷嵿ぐ啶掂ぃ啶啶掂え啷嵿ぎ啷佮啷嵿い啶ぞ啶灌い啷嵿く 啶掂啷嵿し啶� (sarva辫谤腻峁嘺prava峁嘺maghavanmuktam腻hatya vak峁岣�) Mv.1.45.
6) The spirit or soul (opp. 艣补谤墨谤补).
7) The Supreme Spirit; 啶囙ぎ啶距え啶� 啶啶むぞ啶ㄠた 啶啶班ぞ啶｀ぎ啷囙さ啶距き啶苦じ啶傕さ啶苦ざ啶ㄠ啶むた (im腻ni bh奴t腻ni 辫谤腻峁嘺mev腻bhisa峁僾i艣anti) B峁�. Up.1.11.5.
8) An organ of sense; 啶膏啶啶粪啶熰啶掂啶むぞ啶ㄠざ啷佮啶苦ぐ啷嵿え啶苦い啷嵿く啶う啷嵿き啶苦 啶啶班ぞ啶｀ぞ啶ㄠ啶じ啷嵿お啷冟ざ啷囙い啷� 啷� 啶椸ぞ啶む啶班ぞ啶｀た 啶氞啶� 啶膏ぐ啷嵿さ啶距ぃ啶� 啶ㄠぞ啶た啶� 啶ぞ啶｀た啶むげ啷囙え 啶む (sp峁涐梗峁璿ait腻na艣ucirnityamadbhi岣� 辫谤腻峁嚹錸upasp峁浥沞t | g腻tr腻峁噄 caiva sarv腻峁噄 n腻bhi峁� p腻峁噄talena tu) || Manusm峁泃i 4.143; 啶ぐ啷�啶氞た啶た啶多啶班ぞ 啶嬥し啶 啶啶班ぞ啶｀啶啶啶洁す啶� 啶� 啶溹啷嵿啶苦ぐ啷� (mar墨cimi艣r腻 峁涐梗aya岣� 辫谤腻峁噀bhyo'ha峁� ca jaj帽ire) Bh腻gavata 1.6.31.
9) Any person or thing as dear and necessary as life, a beloved person or object; 啶曕啶多 啶曕啶多さ啶む 啶啶班ぞ啶｀ぞ啶� 啶啶班ぞ啶｀ぞ啶� 啶啶班ぞ啶｀ぞ 啶� 啶啶い啷囙 (ko艣a岣� ko艣avata岣� 辫谤腻峁嚹遽弗 辫谤腻峁嚹遽弗 辫谤腻峁嚹� na bh奴pate岣�) H.2.9; 啶呧ぐ啷嵿ぅ啶い啷囙ぐ啷嵿さ啶苦ぎ啶班啶︵啷� 啶す啶苦ざ啷嵿啶班ぞ啶� 啶啶班ぞ啶｀ぞ啶� (arthapatervimardako bahi艣car腻岣� 辫谤腻峁嚹遽弗) Dk.
1) The life or essence of poetry, poetical talent or genius; inspiration.
11) Aspiration; as in 啶す啶距お啷嵿ぐ啶距ぃ (mah腻辫谤腻峁嘺) or 啶呧げ啷嵿お啶啶班ぞ啶� (alpa辫谤腻峁嘺) q. v.
12) Digestion.
13) A breath as a measure of time.
14) Gum-myrrh.
15) Life, living (箩墨惫补na); 啶︵啶掂 啶� 啶︵啶掂じ啶傕く啷佮啷嵿い啶� 啶啶班ぞ啶｀ざ啷嵿 啶啶班ぞ啶｀う啶多啶� 啶� 啷� 啶呧お啷囙啷嵿し啶距お啷傕ぐ啷嵿さ啶曕ぐ啶｀ぞ啶︵ざ啷佮き啶距え啶距 啶多啶 啶げ啶 (daiva峁� ca daivasa峁儁ukta峁� 辫谤腻峁嘺艣ca 辫谤腻峁嘺da艣ca ha | apek峁Ｄ錺奴rvakara峁嚹錮a艣ubh腻n腻峁� 艣ubha峁� phalam) || Mah腻bh腻rata (Bombay) 12.36.14.
16) Food (anna); 啶呧え啶膏啶むた啶曕ぞ啶ㄠぞ啶� 啶啶むぞ啶ㄠぞ啶� 啶啶班ぞ啶｀う啶距 啶た啶むぐ啶多啶� 啶 (anastik腻n腻峁� bh奴t腻n腻峁� 辫谤腻峁嘺d腻岣� pitara艣ca ye) Mah腻bh腻rata (Bombay) 12.12.4.
17) Name of Brahm腻, Vi峁ａ箛u and other gods.
Derivable forms: 辫谤腻峁嘺岣� (啶啶班ぞ啶｀).
--- OR ---
笔谤腻峁嚹� (啶啶班ぞ啶｀ぞ).鈥�f. Name of Garu岣峚's mother-in-law; L. D. B.
: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary笔谤腻峁� (啶啶班ぞ啶｀).鈥�2 P.
1) To breathe, respire, inhale air.
2) To live, be alive; 啶う啶灌 啶啶ㄠぐ啷囙さ 啶啶班ぞ啶｀た啶た (yadaha峁� punareva 辫谤腻峁噄mi) K.35, 啶啶班ぞ啶｀た啶じ啷嵿い啶� 啶ぞ啶ㄠぞ啶班啶ムぎ啷� (辫谤腻峁噄mastava m腻n腻rtham) Bha峁弓ik腻vya 4.38.
3) Ved. To blow (as the wind).
--- OR ---
笔谤腻峁� (啶啶班ぞ啶｀).鈥�m. = 啶啶班ぞ啶� (辫谤腻峁嘺) below.
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary笔谤腻峁嘺 (啶啶班ぞ啶�).鈥�m. (= Pali p腻峁嘺; compare next; Sanskrit only 辫谤腻峁噄苍), (1) usually, living being, creature, in very inclusive sense: 厂补诲诲丑补谤尘补辫耻峁囜笉补谤墨办补 27.15; Lalitavistara 394.19 (bahu辫谤腻峁嘺ko峁瓂a岣�, all mss.); 惭补丑腻惫补蝉迟耻 i.3.3 (辫谤腻峁嘺-ko峁梗u); 13.14 (p墨岣峚yanti bahu 辫谤腻峁嚹遽箖); 128.8 (辫谤腻峁嚹遽箖 j墨vit腻d vyaparopayanti); 145.8; 247.1; ii.6.2 (verse, 辫谤腻峁噀峁, for 辫谤腻峁噄峁, same verse, i.202.5); (2) rarely, animal (excluding human and superhuman beings), see 辫谤腻峁嘺ka 2: ye te sthalacar腻岣� 辫谤腻峁嚹邂�arv腻峁噄 辫谤腻峁嘺ka-(NB!)- j腻t墨ni sam腻netha鈥e kecij jalacar腻 辫谤腻峁嚹遽弗鈥arva- bh奴tehi yaj帽a峁� yaji峁腻mi 惭补丑腻惫补蝉迟耻 ii.95.9-11; note at end of this story, te sarve 辫谤腻峁嘺ka-j腻t墨yo鈥s峁涐梗峁� 99.17; (3) once even more specifically of insects, = 辫谤腻峁嘺ka 3: ni岣ケ璋遽箛enodakena (膧谤测补-)惭补帽箩耻艣谤墨尘奴濒补办补濒辫补 37.19 (prose).
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary笔谤补峁嘺 (啶啶班ぃ).鈥攎fn.
(-峁嘺岣�-峁嚹�-峁嘺峁�) Old, ancient. E. pra substituted for 辫耻谤腻峁嘺, and na aff.
--- OR ---
笔谤腻峁嘺 (啶啶班ぞ啶�).鈥攎fn.
(-峁嘺岣�-峁嚹�-峁嘺峁�) Full, replete, filled. m.
(-峁嘺岣�) 1. Air inhaled, inspiration, breath. 2. Air, wind. 3. Life, vitality. 4. A vital organ or part. 5. Strength, power. 6. Myrrh. 7. Poetical talent or inspiration. 8. A name of Bramha. 9. A title of Bramha, the Supreme spirit. 10. An aspiration in the articulation of letters. m. plu.
(-峁嚹遽弗) The five vital airs or modes of inspiration and expiration collectively. E. pra before, an to breathe, aff. gha帽 .
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary笔谤腻峁嘺 (啶啶班ぞ啶�).鈥攊. e. pra-an + a, m. 1. Breath, [Vikramorva艣墨, (ed. Bollensen.)] [distich] 1. 2. Air, wind. 3. A vital organ, [惭腻苍补惫补诲丑补谤尘补艣腻蝉迟谤补] 4, 143. 4. One of the five vital airs, [Ved腻ntas腻ra, (in my Chrestomathy.)] in
笔谤腻峁� (啶啶班ぞ啶權).鈥攙. 辫谤腻帽肠.
--- OR ---
Pr腻n (啶啶班ぞ啶ㄠ).鈥攂reathe in, respire, live. [Causative] revive.
Pr腻n is a Sanskrit compound consisting of the terms pra and an (啶呧え啷�).
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary笔谤腻峁嘺 (啶啶班ぞ啶�).鈥擺masculine] breath, [especially] vital breath, vitality; wind, [especially] one of the winds in the human body; [plural] life, the vital organs or organs of sensation.
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) 笔谤补峁嘺 (啶啶班ぃ):鈥�mfn. ([from] 1. pra) ancient, old, [P腻峁噄ni 5-4, 30], [vArttika] 7, [Pata帽jali]
2) 笔谤腻峁嘺 (啶啶班ぞ啶�):鈥擺from 辫谤腻] 1. 辫谤腻峁嘺 mfn. (for 2. See p. 705, col. 1.) filled, full, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasi峁僪a, hal腻yudha, hemacandra, etc.]
3) [from 辫谤腻n] 2. 辫谤腻峁嘺 m. (ifc. f(腻). ; for 1. See under 鈭�辫谤腻, p.701) the breath of life, breath, respiration, spirit, vitality
4) [v.s. ...] [plural] life, [峁歡-veda] etc. etc. (辫谤腻峁嚹錸 with 鈭�muc or 鈭�h腻 or pari- 鈭�tyaj, 鈥榯o resign or quit life鈥�; with 鈭�谤补办峁�, 鈥榯o save l掳鈥�; with 苍颈-鈭歨补苍, 鈥榯o destroy l掳鈥�; tvam me 辫谤腻峁嘺岣�, 鈥榯hou art to me as dear as l掳鈥�; often ifc.; cf. pati-, m腻na-pr)
5) [v.s. ...] a vital organ vital air (3 in number, viz. 辫谤腻峁嘺, ap腻na and vy腻na, [Aitareya-br腻hma峁嘺; Taittir墨ya-upani峁d; Su艣ruta]; usually 5, viz. the preceding with sam-腻na and, ud-腻na, [艢atapatha-br腻hma峁嘺; Mah腻bh腻rata; Su艣ruta] etc. cf. [Monier-Williams鈥� Buddhism 242]; or with the other vital organs 6 [艢atapatha-br腻hma峁嘺]; or 7 [Atharva-veda; Br腻hma峁嘺; Mu峁囜笉aka-upani峁d]; or 9 [Atharva-veda; Taittir墨ya-sa峁僪it腻; Br腻hma峁嘺]; or 10 [艢atapatha-br腻hma峁嘺]; [plural] the 5 organs of vitality or sensation, viz. 辫谤腻峁嘺, 惫腻肠, 肠补办峁蝉, 艣谤辞迟谤补, manas, collectively, [Ch腻ndogya-upani峁d ii, 7, i]; or = nose, mouth, eyes and ears, [Gopatha-br腻hma峁嘺; ???; Manu-sm峁泃i iv, 143])
6) [v.s. ...] air inhaled, wind, [Atharva-veda; 艢atapatha-br腻hma峁嘺]
7) [v.s. ...] breath (as a sign of strength), vigour, energy, power, [Mah腻bh腻rata; R腻m腻ya峁嘺] etc. (sarva辫谤腻峁噀na or -辫谤腻峁嘺i岣�, 鈥榳ith all one鈥檚 strength鈥� or 鈥榓ll one鈥檚 heart鈥�; cf. yath腻-辫谤腻峁嘺m)
8) [v.s. ...] a breath (as a measure of time, or the t掳 requisite for the pronunciation of 10 long syllables = 1/6 Vi苍腻岣峣办腻), [Var腻ha-mihira; 膧ryabha峁璦; Vi峁ａ箛u-pur腻峁嘺]
9) [v.s. ...] Name of a Kalpa (the 6th day in the light half of Brahm腻鈥檚 month), [Pur腻峁嘺]
10) [v.s. ...] (in S腻峁僰hya) the spirit (= 辫耻谤耻峁), [Tattvasa尘腻蝉补]
11) [v.s. ...] (in Ved腻nta) the spirit identified with the totality of dreaming spirits, [Ved腻ntas腻ra; Religious Thought and Life in India 35] (cf. 辫谤腻峁嚹錿man)
12) [v.s. ...] poetical inspiration, [Horace H. Wilson]
13) [v.s. ...] myrrh, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasi峁僪a, hal腻yudha, hemacandra, etc.]
14) [v.s. ...] a Name of the letter y, [Upani峁d]
15) [v.s. ...] of a S腻man, [T腻峁囜笉ya-br腻hma峁嘺] (vasi峁ａ弓hasya 辫谤腻峁嚹錺腻nau, [膧r峁ya-br腻hma峁嘺])
16) [v.s. ...] of Brahm腻, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasi峁僪a, hal腻yudha, hemacandra, etc.]
17) [v.s. ...] of Vi峁ａ箛u, [Religious Thought and Life in India 106]
18) [v.s. ...] of a Vasu, [Bh腻gavata-pur腻峁嘺]
19) [v.s. ...] of a son of the Vasu Dhara, [Hariva峁兣沘]
20) [v.s. ...] of a Marut, [Y腻j帽avalkya [Scholiast or Commentator]]
21) [v.s. ...] of a son of Dh腻t峁�, [Pur腻峁嘺]
22) [v.s. ...] of a son of Vidh腻t峁�, [Bh腻gavata-pur腻峁嘺]
23) [v.s. ...] of a 峁氠梗i in the 2nd Manv-antara, [Hariva峁兣沘]
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) 笔谤腻峁� (啶啶班ぞ啶權):鈥攁 etc. See p. 704, col. 3.
2) [from 辫谤腻帽肠] b ind. ([L腻峁瓂腻测补苍补; K腻ty腻测补苍补-艣rauta-s奴tra]) before (in place or in order or time; as [preposition] with [ablative] cf. [P腻峁噄ni 2-1, 11 12], rarely with [genitive case]; also in [compound] with its [substantive] [P腻峁噄ni; ib.]), [???; Upani峁d; Mah腻bh腻rata] etc.
3) [from 辫谤腻帽肠] c in [compound] for 辫谤腻帽肠.
4) 笔谤腻峁� (啶啶班ぞ啶｀):鈥攁 or 辫谤腻n (辫谤补-鈭歛苍) [Parasmaipada] 辫谤腻niti ([P腻峁噄ni 8-4, 19] [Scholiast or Commentator]; [imperfect tense] 辫谤腻峁嘺t, [vii, 3, 99] [Scholiast or Commentator]) or 辫谤腻niti ([Vopadeva]). to breathe in, inhale, [Kena-upani峁d];
鈥攖o breathe, [峁歡-veda; Atharva-veda; 艢atapatha-br腻hma峁嘺; Upani峁d];
鈥攖o blow (as the wind), [Aitareya-br腻hma峁嘺];
鈥攖o live, [Atharva-veda; Bha峁弓i-k腻vya];
鈥攖o smell, [艢a峁僰ar腻c腻rya] :
鈥摆颁补耻蝉补濒闭 辫谤腻峁嘺yati ([Aorist] 辫谤腻a峁噄峁嘺t, [P腻峁噄ni 8-4, 21] [Scholiast or Commentator]), to cause to breathe, animate, [Atharva-veda; Bha峁弓i-k腻vya] :鈥擺Desiderative] 辫谤腻峁噄峁噄峁ti, [P腻峁噄ni 8-4, 21 [Scholiast or Commentator]]
5) Pr腻n (啶啶班ぞ啶ㄠ):鈥攁 or 辫谤腻峁� (辫谤补-鈭歛苍) [Parasmaipada] 辫谤腻niti ([P腻峁噄ni 8-4, 19] [Scholiast or Commentator]; [imperfect tense] 辫谤腻峁嘺t, [vii, 3, 99] [Scholiast or Commentator]) or 辫谤腻niti ([Vopadeva]). to breathe in, inhale, [Kena-upani峁d];
鈥攖o breathe, [峁歡-veda; Atharva-veda; 艢atapatha-br腻hma峁嘺; Upani峁d];
鈥攖o blow (as the wind), [Aitareya-br腻hma峁嘺];
鈥攖o live, [Atharva-veda; Bha峁弓i-k腻vya];
鈥攖o smell, [艢a峁僰ar腻c腻rya] :
鈥摆颁补耻蝉补濒闭 辫谤腻峁嘺yati ([Aorist] 辫谤腻a峁噄峁嘺t, [P腻峁噄ni 8-4, 21] [Scholiast or Commentator]), to cause to breathe, animate, [Atharva-veda; Bha峁弓i-k腻vya] :鈥擺Desiderative] 辫谤腻峁噄峁噄峁ti, [P腻峁噄ni 8-4, 21 [Scholiast or Commentator]]
6) 笔谤腻峁� (啶啶班ぞ啶｀):鈥擺from 辫谤腻n] b mfn. breathing, [P腻峁噄ni 8-4, 20 [Scholiast or Commentator]]
7) Pr腻n (啶啶班ぞ啶ㄠ):鈥攂 See 辫谤腻峁�, p. 705, col. 1.
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) 笔谤补峁嘺 (啶啶班ぃ):鈥擺辫谤补-峁嘺] (峁囜箛a岣�-峁囜箛腻-峁囜箛a峁�) a. Old, ancient.
2) 笔谤腻峁嘺 (啶啶班ぞ啶�):鈥擺辫谤腻+峁嘺] (峁嘺岣�) 1. m. Air inhaled; life,
: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)1) 笔谤腻峁� (啶啶班ぞ啶｀) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: P腻峁嘺ma.
2) 笔谤补峁嘺 (啶啶班ぃ) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: 笔补峁嘺, P腻峁嘺, P腻峁嚹錷a, P腻峁噓.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled 啶膏啶膏啶曕啶むぎ啷� (蝉补峁僺办峁泃补尘), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionary1) 笔谤补峁嘺 (啶啶班ぃ) [Also spelled pran]:鈥�(nm) a vow, pledge; —[karan腻] to take a vow, to (take a) pledge; —[p腻lana karan腻/—p奴r腻 karan腻/—rakhan腻 ] to keep a pledge, to observe a vow.
2) 笔谤腻峁嘺 (啶啶班ぞ啶�) [Also spelled pran]:鈥�(nf) life; vital breath, vital air; vitality; soul, spirit; sweetheart; (in Gram.) aspiration in the articulation of letters; -[腻dh腻ra] sweetheart; life-breath; source of sustenance; ~[kara] animating, life-giving, that which infuses life or inspires; ~[办补峁ａ弓补] mortal agony; pain of death; ~[gh腻ta] killing; assassination; murder; ~[gh腻taka] fatal; causing destruction of life; killing; -[ty腻ga] abandonment of life; resigning of life; expiry, death; -[诲补峁冡笉补] capital punishment, punishment of death; ~[da/d腻y墨] infusing/injecting life, animating, enlivening; ~[d腻t腻] life-giver; one who saves somebody鈥檚 life; ~[d腻na] a gift of life; saving/sparing somebody鈥檚 life; ~[dhana] as dear as life; beloved; ~[dh腻r墨] a living being/organism, a creature; ~[n腻tha] lord/master of life; husband; ~[n腻艣a] destruction of life; killing; ~[n腻艣aka] destroyer of life; mortal, deadly; ~[pati] see ~[n腻tha; ~py腻r腻] dear (to soul), beloved, sweetheart; hence ~[py腻r墨] (nf); ~[prati峁ａ弓h腻] infusion/injectment of life; ceremony of consecrating an idol; ~[prada] life-giving, infusing or imparting life; ~[priya] see ~[py腻r腻; -bhaya] fear of life; risk of life; ~[maya] full of vitality; endowed with breath of life; a living being; 啶曕啶�•[ ] the vital or organic case; ~[尘奴濒补办补] vital; essential to or concerned with life; ~[尘奴濒补办补t腻v腻da] vitalism; vital part of the body; ~[惫腻测耻] vital breath; ~[艣补办迟颈] vitality; -[蝉补峁兣沘测补] risk of life, fear of life; ~[sama] as dear as life; beloved; ~[hara/h腻r墨] mortal, deadly; causing the end of life; ~[h腻ni] loss of life; ~[丑墨苍补] lifeless, inanimate; —[腻n腻] to feel relieved of a scare/fear; —[u岣峚 j腻n腻] to be mortally scared/frightened; to get terribly panicky;—[o峁環o峁� taka 腻n腻] see —[m奴峁僪a ko 腻n腻; —ka峁冡弓ha me峁� 腻n腻] to be mortally afflicted; to be on the verge of death; to be in a frightful suspense; —[k腻 g腻haka] a seeker after one鈥檚 life, destroyer of life; mortally oppressive person; —[gale taka 腻n腻] to be on the verge of death; death to be imminent; to be in a terrible suspense; —[ch奴峁璦n腻/j腻n腻/nikalan腻] the breath to flit or leave the system; to expire, to die; the life to come to an end; —[cho岣峚n腻/ty腻gan腻] to abandon life; to expire, to die; —[岣嵞錶an腻] to infuse/inject life, to animate; —[den腻] to die, to give up life; to love more dearly than life; —[nikalan腻] to die, life to cease to exist; -[pakher奴 u岣峚 j腻n腻] to kick the bucket, to expire; —[ph奴峁僰an腻] to inject life into, to cause to revive; —[bac腻n腻] to save somebody鈥檚 life; to get rid of, to evade persecution/painful confrontation; —[mu峁僪a ko] [腻n腻] to suffer mortal agony; to be in a frightful suspense; —[mu峁弓h墨 me峁�/hathel墨 para liye phiran腻] to be ever-ready to court death; to face all sorts of risks; —[len腻] to kill; to tease/persecute to death; —[s奴khan腻] to be in a frightful suspense; [辫谤腻峁噊峁� se bh墨 py腻r腻] dearer than one鈥檚 own life, all in all, very very dear; [辫谤腻峁噊峁� se h腻tha dhon腻] to lose life, to be pushed out of existence; [辫谤腻峁噊峁� para 腻 banan腻] to be under a risk of life; to be confronted with mortal agony; [辫谤腻峁噊峁� para khelan腻/khela j腻n腻] to risk/stake one鈥檚 life.
: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionary1) Pran in Hindi refers in English to:鈥�(nm) a vow, pledge; 鈥擺karana] to take a vow, to (take a) pledge; 鈥擺palana karana/鈥攑ura karana/鈥攔akhana ] to keep a pledge, to observe a vow..鈥攑ran (啶啶班ぃ) is alternatively transliterated as 笔谤补峁嘺.
2) 笔谤腻峁� (啶啶班ぞ啶權):鈥斺�攁n allomorph of [辫谤腻c] occurring in a number of words and imparting the meaning of before, prior to, former, etc.; east; ~[ny腻ya] res judicata; ~[mukha] facing the east; east-directed.
3) Pran in Hindi refers in English to:鈥�(nf) life; vital breath, vital air; vitality; soul, spirit; sweetheart; (in Gram.) aspiration in the articulation of letters; -[adhara] sweetheart; life-breath; source of sustenance; ~[kara] animating, life-giving, that which infuses life or inspires; ~[kashta] mortal agony; pain of death; ~[ghata] killing; assassination; murder; ~[ghataka] fatal; causing destruction of life; killing; -[tyaga] abandonment of life; resigning of life; expiry, death; -[damda] capital punishment, punishment of death; ~[da/dayi] infusing/injecting life, animating, enlivening; ~[data] life-giver; one who saves somebody鈥檚 life; ~[dana] a gift of life; saving/sparing somebody鈥檚 life; ~[dhana] as dear as life; beloved; ~[dhari] a living being/organism, a creature; ~[natha] lord/master of life; husband; ~[nasha] destruction of life; killing; ~[nashaka] destroyer of life; mortal, deadly; ~[pati] see ~[natha; ~pyara] dear (to soul), beloved, sweetheart; hence ~[pyari] (nf); ~[pratishtha] infusion/injectment of life; ceremony of consecrating an idol; ~[prada] life-giving, infusing or imparting life; ~[priya] see ~[pyara; -bhaya] fear of life; risk of life; ~[maya] full of vitality; endowed with breath of life; a living being; 啶曕啶垛� ] the vital or organic case; ~[mulaka] vital; essential to or concerned with life; ~[mulakatavada] vitalism; vital part of the body; ~[vayu] vital breath; ~[shakti] vitality; -[samshaya] risk of life, fear of life; ~[sama] as dear as life; beloved; ~[hara/hari] mortal, deadly; causing the end of life; ~[hani] loss of life; ~[hina] lifeless, inanimate; 鈥擺ana] to feel relieved of a scare/fear; 鈥擺uda jana] to be mortally scared/frightened; to get terribly panicky;鈥擺othom taka ana] see 鈥擺mumha ko ana; 鈥攌amtha mem ana] to be mortally afflicted; to be on the verge of death; to be in a frightful suspense; 鈥擺ka gahaka] a seeker after one鈥檚 life, destroyer of life; mortally oppressive person; 鈥擺gale taka ana] to be on the verge of death; death to be imminent; to be in a terrible suspense; 鈥擺chutana/jana/nikalana] the breath to flit or leave the system; to expire, to die; the life to come to an end; 鈥擺chodana/tyagana] to abandon life; to expire, to die; 鈥擺dalana] to infuse/inject life, to animate; 鈥擺dena] to die, to give up life; to love more dearly than life; 鈥擺nikalana] to die, life to cease to exist; -[pakheru uda jana] to kick the bucket, to expire; 鈥擺phumkana] to inject life into, to cause to revive; 鈥擺bacana] to save somebody鈥檚 life; to get rid of, to evade persecution/painful confrontation; 鈥擺mumha ko] [ana] to suffer mortal agony; to be in a frightful suspense; 鈥擺mutthi mem/hatheli para liye phirana] to be ever-ready to court death; to face all sorts of risks; 鈥擺lena] to kill; to tease/persecute to death; 鈥擺sukhana] to be in a frightful suspense; [pranom se bhi pyara] dearer than one鈥檚 own life, all in all, very very dear; [pranom se hatha dhona] to lose life, to be pushed out of existence; [pranom para a banana] to be under a risk of life; to be confronted with mortal agony; [pranom para khelana/khela jana] to risk/stake one鈥檚 life..鈥攑ran (啶啶班ぞ啶�) is alternatively transliterated as 笔谤腻峁嘺.
...
Kannada-English dictionary
: Alar: Kannada-English corpus笔谤腻峁嘺 (嗖硩嗖班簿嗖�):鈥�
1) [noun] the process of taking air into the lungs and letting it out; an inhaling and exhaling.
2) [noun] the air inhaled by living beings.
3) [noun] the entity in living beings distinct from the physical body and experiences and carries out all the functions of the body.
4) [noun] food, the essential thing for the survival of all living beings.
5) [noun] physical strength of a living being.
6) [noun] one of the five vital winds in the human body.
7) [noun] the Supreme Being.
8) [noun] the plant Cocotrine aloes, given to a woman in child-birth.
9) [noun] (fig.) the most loved thing or a beloved person.
10) [noun] 嗖硩嗖班簿嗖� 嗖曕渤喑嗋拨喑佮矔喑娻渤喑嵿渤喑� [prana kaledukollu] 辫谤腻峁嘺 k岣積duko岣丰阜u to end one鈥檚 life; to commit suicide; 嗖硩嗖班簿嗖｀矔喑嵿矔喑� 嗖舶喑� [pranakke baru] 辫谤腻峁嘺kke baru (fig.) (a very difficult situation) to arise; 嗖硩嗖班簿嗖� 嗖む部嗖ㄠ硩嗖ㄠ硜 [prana tinnu] 辫谤腻峁嘺 tinnu to annoy or bother persistently or repeatedly; 2. to compel unreasonably and persistently; 嗖硩嗖班簿嗖� 嗖灌部嗖傕病喑� [prana himdu] 辫谤腻峁嘺 hi峁囜笉u = 嗖硩嗖班簿嗖� 嗖む部嗖ㄠ硩嗖ㄠ硜 [prana tinnu]; 嗖硩嗖班簿嗖� 嗖灌部嗖∴部 [prana hidi] 辫谤腻峁嘺 hi岣峣 (fig.) to hold one鈥檚 life tenaciously (for a purpose, despite odds and difficulties); 嗖硩嗖班簿嗖� 嗖灌硧嗖椸硜 [prana hogu] 辫谤腻峁嘺 h艒gu (death) to occur; 2. (fig.) to experience great pain, agony or to undergo severe embarrassment.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Nepali dictionary
: unoes: Nepali-English Dictionary1) 笔谤补峁嘺 (啶啶班ぃ):鈥攏. vow; promise; determination; resolution;
2) 笔谤腻峁嘺 (啶啶班ぞ啶�):鈥攏. 1. breath; respiration; 2. vitality; vital air; principle of life; 3. energy; vigor; strength; power; beloved person or object; 5. life;
: unoes: Nepali-English DictionaryPran is another spelling for 啶啶班ぃ [辫谤补峁嘺].鈥攏. vow; promise; determination; resolution;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Partial matches: Pra, An, Te, Prana, Na.
Starts with (+25): Pranabadha, Pranabadhe, Pranabhaj, Pranabhaksham, Pranabhaya, Pranabhuta, Pranabidu, Pranabuddhi, Pranacaya, Pranaccheda, Pranacchid, Pranacit, Pranaciti, Pranadavat, Pranadevaru, Pranadharane, Pranadharin, Pranadhrik, Pranadrohin, Pranadyutabhidevana.
Full-text (+988): Prananatha, Pranayama, Pranapana, Pranamaya, Mahaprana, Patiprana, Pranapriya, Pranantika, Pancaprana, Nishprana, Pranada, Yathapranam, Prananta, Pranmukha, Praneshvara, Pranayatra, Pranatyaga, Pranadharana, Pranahara, Pranarodha.
Relevant text
Search found 304 books and stories containing Prana, Pra-an, Pra-峁嘺, Pra-na, Praan, Pra峁�, 笔谤腻峁�, 笔谤腻峁�, Pr腻n, Pran, 笔谤腻峁嚹�, 笔谤腻峁嘺, 笔谤补峁嘺, 笔谤腻苍补, The prana; (plurals include: Pranas, ans, 峁嘺s, nas, Praans, Pra峁噑, 笔谤腻峁噑, 笔谤腻峁卻, Pr腻ns, Prans, 笔谤腻峁嚹錽, 笔谤腻峁嘺s, 笔谤补峁嘺s, 笔谤腻苍补s, The pranas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Brahma Sutras (Govinda Bhashya) (by Kusakratha das Brahmacari)
S奴tra 3.1.3 < [Adhyaya 3, Pada 1]
S奴tra 2.4.1 < [Adhyaya 2, Pada 4]
Adhikarana 1: The Pranas Are Manifested From the Supreme Personality of Godhead < [Adhyaya 2, Pada 4]
Chandogya Upanishad (english Translation) (by Swami Lokeswarananda)
Mundaka Upanishad with Shankara鈥檚 Commentary (by S. Sitarama Sastri)
Verse 2.1.8 < [Mundaka II, Khanda I]
Verse 3.1.9 < [Mundaka III, Khanda I]
Verse 2.2.5 < [Mundaka II, Khanda II]
Chandogya Upanishad (Madhva commentary) (by Srisa Chandra Vasu)
First Adhyaya, Second Khanda (14 mantras)
Seventh Adhyaya, Fifteenth through Twenty-sixth Khandas (18 mantras)
Brahma Sutras (Shankara Bhashya) (by Swami Vireshwarananda)
Chapter I, Section I, Adhikarana IX < [Section I]
Chapter II, Section IV, Adhikarana I < [Section IV]
Chapter IV, Section II, Adhikarana III < [Section II]
Prashna Upanishad with Shankara鈥檚 Commentary (by S. Sitarama Sastri)
Related products
Brahma Sutras (Critical Exposition)
Healing Yoga (Integrating the Chakras)
Adipurana: Sanskrit Text with English Translation
Chemistry and Pharmacology of Ayurvedic Medicinal Plants
A Concise Encyclopaedia of Hinduism