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Sīdhu (Śīdhu): the Sugar Cane “Wine� of Ancient and Early Medieval India

| Posted in: India history

Journal name: History of Science in South Asia
Original article title:
The journal “History of Science in South Asia� (HSSA) publishes high-quality research on the history of science, focusing on South Asia but also welcoming studies on broader cultural influences. It adopts a broad definition of “science� and encourages theoretical discussions and offers open access. Although initially supported by the Sayahna Foundation, it is now aided by the University of Alberta and Érudit.

Original source:

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Author(s):

James McHugh
University of Southern California


History of Science in South Asia:

(Individual submissions go through peer-review)

Full text available for:

Year: 2020 | Doi: 10.18732/hssa.v8i.58

Copyright (license): Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.


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Summary of article contents:

This article considers the nature of one particular drink made from sugar cane called ī (usually m., also śī), exploring the evidence from textual sources. Other drinks were made with sugar cane products, such as s, medicinal ṣṭs, and the drink called maireya, but I will not consider those here. As I argue, ī was the basic fermented sugar cane drink, not strongly characterized by additives—“plain� sugar-wine as it were. Though in a manner typical of premodern Indic alcohol culture, even this one drink was a complex and variable affair. Rather than consider this drink in medical sources alone—important as that evidence may be—my methodology here is to examine the history of this drink in the light of a wide range of textual evidence, placing this drink in the broad context of pre-modern South Asian drinking culture.

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Asava, Shalya, Bahlika, Manasollasa, Ab, Sharngadharasamhita, Fermentation, Fermentation process, Certain people, Dhataki flower, Economic products, Medical text, Intoxicating qualities, Crystal-sugar, Early text, Oriental Institute, Alcoholic drink.

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