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Glossary definitions and references:

Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for 鈥淭antrik influence on sarngadhara鈥�. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.

1) Tantra (Tantr膩, Tamtra, Tantrism):
Tantra refers to a spiritual and philosophical system that emphasizes the interconnectedness of the universe through ritual practices and meditation. It plays a significant role in various facets of life, especially in Ayurveda, where it infuses spiritual aspects into healing practices, emphasizing the balance of dynamic energies like Siva and Sakti.

2) Sharngadhara (艢膩r峁単adhara, Sharnga-dhara):
Sarngadhara is an influential Ayurvedic author from the medieval period whose works reflect the synthesis of Tantric principles into Ayurvedic medicine. His writings illustrate the integration of spiritual practices and medicinal formulations, highlighting humanity's quest for both physical health and spiritual liberation.

3) Shiva (艢iv膩, Siv膩, 艢iva, Siva, S墨va):
Siva is a principal deity in Hinduism, representing the static, unchanging aspect of reality. In Tantric philosophy, Siva embodies consciousness, while his union with Sakti signifies the interplay of creation. This duality is essential in understanding the underlying principles within both Tantra and Ayurveda.

4) Ayurveda (膧yurveda, Ayus-veda):
Ayurveda is an ancient Indian system of medicine focusing on holistic health through balanced body, mind, and spirit. It has historical ties to Tantra, as both traditions share roots in the Atharvaveda, creating a framework that includes physical healing along with spiritual and metaphysical aspects.

5) Mantra (M膩ntra, Mamtra):
Mantras are sacred sounds, words, or phrases believed to possess spiritual power when chanted or recited. In the context of Tantra and Ayurveda, mantras are often employed to enhance the effectiveness of medicinal practices, suggesting a deep interconnection between sound, intention, and healing in these traditions.

6) Bhanga (Bha峁単膩, Bha峁単a, Bhamga):
Bhanga, or cannabis, is a substance mentioned in ancient texts, traditionally used for its psychoactive properties. In the context of Tantric practices, its use signifies a connection to altered states of consciousness and has found a place in Ayurveda as a potential ingredient in medicinal formulations.

7) Cakra (Cakr膩, C膩kra):
Cakras are energy centers within the body according to traditional Indian philosophies, particularly in Tantra. They represent various aspects of physical and spiritual well-being, establishing a connection between the body and consciousness. The influence of cakras extends into Ayurvedic practices related to health and vitality.

8) Rasa (Ras膩, Rasha):
Rasa translates to essence or juice in Sanskrit and often relates to the art of alchemy in Ayurvedic texts. It signifies the study of mineral-based medicines and their transformative properties, also indicating the alchemical approach through which physical materials are refined for therapeutic use, linked to Tantric practices.

9) Nadi (N膩di, Nad墨, N膩岣嵞�, N膩din, N膩岣峣, Nadin):
Nadi refers to the energy pathways in the body through which prana (life energy) flows. In both Tantric practices and Ayurvedic medicine, understanding and examining nadis is crucial for diagnosing health issues, indicating the significance of energetic anatomy in developing holistic approaches to healing.

10) Drug:
The term drug pertains to medicinal substances utilized for therapeutic purposes. In Ayurvedic texts influenced by Tantric traditions, the classification of various drugs and their preparations showcases the holistic understanding of health and the integration of natural elements in enhancing well-being.

11) Substance:
Substance in this context refers to the material components used in Ayurvedic formulations. The integration of substances from Tantric practices鈥攊ncluding herbs, minerals, and poisons鈥攄emonstrates the complexity of Ayurvedic pharmacology, highlighting the varied sources for healing modalities and their spiritual connotations.

12) Evolution:
Evolution denotes the gradual development and transformation of practices, such as those seen in the interrelation between Ayurveda and Tantra. This dynamic process reflects how historical and philosophical shifts impact medical theories and their practical applications, fostering innovation in healing methods.

13) Lokanatha (Lokan膩tha, Lokan膩th膩, Loka-natha):
Lokanatha refers to a specific divine aspect or deity that plays a role in Tantric rituals. In Ayurveda, as seen in Sarngadhara's references, Lokanatha Rasa implies the incorporation of socio-spiritual elements within medicinal practices, further intertwining healing and divine worship.

14) Siddha (Siddh膩):
Siddhas are accomplished beings in Tantric traditions who have achieved mastery over spiritual and medicinal knowledge. In Ayurvedic contexts, their teachings and practices influence medicinal formulations, reflecting the significance of spiritual attainment and experiential knowledge in healing arts.

15) Agni:
Agni denotes the principle of fire, both physically and metaphorically in Ayurveda, symbolizing transformation and digestion. In Tantric contexts, Agni represents inner energy and spiritual illumination, emphasizing the necessity of understanding its properties for optimal health and spiritual progress.

16) Bija (B墨ja):
Bija refers to seed syllables in mantra practice that hold potent energy and symbolize the essence of creation in Tantric philosophy. In Ayurveda, bija mantras are often integrated into healing practices to enhance the effectiveness of remedies, merging sound, intention, and healing.

17) Mental disorder:
Mental disorder refers to psychological conditions that can arise from imbalances in spiritual practices or misuse of Tantric techniques as outlined in ancient texts. Ayurveda acknowledges the importance of mental well-being in health, advocating a careful approach to spiritual healing practices.

18) Agniveshatantra (Agnive艣atantra, Agnivesha-tantra):
Agnivesa-tantra is a reference to ancient Ayurvedic treatises authored by Agnivesa, focusing on medicinal and surgical knowledge. This lineage highlights the connection between Ayurveda's historical texts and Tantric practices, reflecting the intricate web of spiritual and physical healing methods.

19) Ardhanarishvara (膧rdhan膩r墨艣vara, Ardhanari-ishvara, Ardhan膩r墨艣vara):
Ardhanarisvara symbolizes the composite form of Siva and Sakti, embodying the unity of masculine and feminine principles in creation. In Tantra and Ayurveda, this concept illustrates the balance necessary for health and enlightenment, guiding practitioners toward understanding dualities in life and nature.

20) Lokanatharasa (Lokan膩tharasa, Lokanatha-rasa):
Lokanatha-rasa signifies a specific formulation in Ayurveda linked with spiritual practices. The connection to Lokanatha underscores the intersection of divinity and medicinal preparations, emphasizing that effective healing processes can incorporate rituals and spiritual offerings within Ayurvedic traditions.

21) Purification:
Purification refers to the essential processes in Ayurveda for cleansing substances (such as metals) and preparing them for medicinal use. This concept, rooted in both Tantric and Ayurvedic practices, ensures the integrity and efficacy of remedies while aligning them with spiritual purification processes.

22) Rasashastra (Rasa-shastra, Rasa艣膩stra):
Rasa-sastra pertains to the study of alchemical practices in Ayurveda, particularly focusing on minerals and their medicinal qualities. This field embodies the synthesis of Tantric philosophical techniques with Ayurveda, reflecting the intent to enhance health and longevity through transformation.

23) Transformation (Transform, Transforming):
Transformed refers to the process of change or conversion in both spiritual and physical contexts. In Ayurveda, substances are often transformed through processes that incorporate Tantric rituals, promoting a blend of spiritual significance and medicinal efficacy in therapeutic practices.

24) Pranavayu (Pr膩峁嘺v膩yu, Prana-vayu):
Prana-vayu denotes the life force or vital energy within the body, pivotal in both Tantra and Ayurveda. Understanding prana's movement through nadis highlights the importance of breath and energy circulation in maintaining health and achieving spiritual enlightenment.

25) Kundalini (Ku峁囜笉alin墨, Kundalin墨, Kumdalini):
Kundalini signifies the latent spiritual energy residing at the base of the spine, often symbolized as a coiled serpent. In Tantric practices, awakening Kundalini is crucial for spiritual development, paralleling Ayurvedic concepts of energy flow and health optimization through harmony across energies.

26) Knowledge:
Knowledge in this context refers to the deep understanding and wisdom stemming from both Ayurvedic and Tantric practices. It encompasses both theoretical and practical knowledge required for effective healing, as well as the spiritual insights offered in the intertwining of these ancient traditions.

27) Kharpara:
Kharpara refers to a specific substance or preparation in Ayurvedic medicine, often associated with purification processes. Its use within texts illustrates the integration of Tantric methods into Ayurvedic practices, emphasizing the importance of purification for the effectiveness of medicinal formulations.

28) Shatavari (艢at膩var墨, Sat膩var墨):
Satavari is a medicinal herb known for its health benefits, particularly for women. Its references in Ayurvedic texts indicate its significance and the incorporation of Tantric principles in enhancing the effectiveness of the herb, demonstrating the interconnectedness of nature and spirituality in healing practices.

29) Agnivesha (Agnive艣a, Agni-vesha):
Agnivesa represents the author of one of the foundational texts in Ayurveda, highlighting the historical context of Ayurvedic practice. His contributions shaped medicinal knowledge, incorporating elements of Tantric philosophy that continue to influence contemporary understandings of health and wellness.

30) Medicine:
Medicine refers to the science and practice of healing, particularly in the Ayurvedic context. This encompasses herbal, mineral, and spiritual treatments, emphasizing the blend of empirical knowledge and Tantric influences that support holistic health approaches.

31) Samhita (Sa峁僪it膩, Sa峁僪ita):
Samhita refers to the collection or compilation of texts in Ayurveda that detail various medical sciences, practices, and philosophies. The influence of Tantric thought within these texts reveals a rich tapestry of methodology integrating spiritual, practical, and philosophical aspects of healing.

32) Shodhana (艢odhana, Sodhana):
Sodhana refers to the purification techniques used within Ayurveda to detoxify substances before their therapeutic use. This process is often influenced by Tantric traditions, highlighting the necessity for spiritual intent and ritual in achieving purification and optimizing health benefits.

33) Dhamani (Dhaman墨, Dh膩man墨):
Dhamani refers to the arteries in Ayurvedic terminology, but is also significant in the context of nadis. Understanding dhamani as carriers of life force underscores the importance of recognizing physical structures in relation to energetic pathways within Ayurvedic practices, enriched by Tantric thought.

34) Cikitsa (Cikits膩):
Cikitsa means treatment or therapy in Ayurveda, emphasizing a holistic approach to health. It incorporates physical, spiritual, and psychological aspects, often influenced by Tantric principles that highlight the necessity of balance and harmony for optimal well-being.

35) Prakriti (Prak峁泃i):
Prakrti signifies nature, or the physical world, essential in both Ayurveda and Tantra. The interplay between Prakrti and consciousness (represented by Siva) delineates the understanding of creation and existence, illustrating the foundational aspects of healing and spiritual growth in these traditions.

36) Science (Scientific):
Science in this context refers to the systematic understanding of health and healing practices in Ayurveda. It integrates empirical observations with spiritual insights from Tantra, showcasing the evolution of knowledge that combines analytical rigor with holistic perspectives.

37) Sattva (S膩ttva, Shattva):
Sattva represents purity, harmony, and balance within the three gunas (qualities) of nature. In Ayurvedic philosophy, the predominance of sattva signifies well-being and mental clarity, reinforcing the spiritual dimensions that are essential to both Tantric practices and health optimization.

38) Caraka (C膩raka, C膩r膩ka):
Caraka refers to one of the foundational figures in Ayurvedic medicine known for compiling essential texts on medicinal practices. His work laid the groundwork for clinical practices that are not just medicinal but also interwoven with philosophical and spiritual understandings, reflective of Tantric influences.

39) Shastra (艢膩stra):
Sastra means scripture or authoritative text, signifying foundational writings within Ayurveda that guide healing practices. The integration of Tantric philosophies within these texts highlights the rich historical connection between spiritual practices and the empirical understanding of health.

40) Hridaya (H峁沝aya):
Hrdaya translates to the heart, both as a physical organ and a symbol of emotional and spiritual well-being in Ayurveda and Tantra. Understanding hrdaya emphasizes the interconnectedness of physical health and emotional states, essential in holistic approaches to healing.

41) Kumari (Kum膩r墨, Kum膩ri):
Kumari refers to young girls in the context of Tantric rituals, often involved in worship and offerings. Their significance in Ayurvedic practices indicates the intertwining of gender, purity, and spiritual energy in medicinal formulations and practices.

42) Kantha (Ka峁囜弓ha, Kamtha):
Kantha translates to the throat, a critical energy center in Ayurvedic medicine. The recognition of kantha's role highlights the importance of communication and expression in maintaining health, incorporating concepts from Tantra regarding the flow of energy and spiritual wisdom.

43) Sharman (艢arma, Sarm膩, Sarma, Sharma, 艢arman):
Sharma is a surname common in India, often denoting a connection to learned or educated individuals, particularly delving into traditional Indian sciences. P.V. Sharma's contributions emphasize the scholarly effort to merge ancient knowledge with contemporary understandings in Ayurveda and Tantra.

44) Desire:
Desire in this context reflects the human inclination and spiritual aspirations that drive individuals toward healing and enlightenment. Both Ayurveda and Tantra recognize the importance of managing desires to maintain balance, emphasizing psychological well-being as part of holistic health.

45) Rajas:
Rajas represents one of the three gunas, embodying activity, passion, and dynamism. In Ayurvedic and Tantric philosophies, the balance of rajas is crucial for motivation and action but needs to be harmonized with sattva and tamas for overall well-being.

46) Agama (膧gama):
Agama refers to scriptures in Hindu philosophy that provide guidelines on rituals, spiritual practices, and Tantric traditions. Its relevance is profound in shaping practices within both spirituality and Ayurveda, illustrating the codification of knowledge passed down through generations.

47) Tamas (Tam膩峁�, T膩m膩峁�):
Tamas signifies inertia, darkness, and lethargy among the three gunas. In Ayurvedic thought, managing tamas is essential for achieving clarity and balance, aligning with Tantric beliefs that advocate for spiritual awakening through overcoming inertia and embracing enlightenment.

48) Iccha (Icch膩):
Iccha translates to desire and will in Sanskrit, indicating the driving force behind human actions. In Ayurvedic and Tantric contexts, recognizing the motivations behind actions is key for achieving both physical health and spiritual enlightenment, emphasizing a holistic view of intent.

49) Curna (C奴r峁嘺, Curn膩):
Curna refers to powdered herbal formulations or medicinal powders in Ayurveda, playing a significant role in detoxifying and herbal therapies. The preparation and use of curna often draw from Tantric practices, highlighting the scientific approach to combining natural ingredients for health benefits.

50) Nabhi (N膩bhi, N膩bh墨):
Nabhi symbolizes the navel and is associated with vital energy centers in the body. In both Tantric and Ayurvedic traditions, nabhi signifies the connection to the prana's journey through the body, essential for understanding energy flow and its implications for health.

51) Taila (Tail膩):
Taila means oil in Sanskrit, integral to Ayurvedic therapies and massages. It represents the use of natural substances for healing, infused with both medicinal and spiritual properties, demonstrating the interplay between physical care and Tantric energies in promoting wellness.

52) Jnana (J帽膩na):
Jnana refers to knowledge and wisdom, especially in spiritual and philosophical contexts. It highlights the importance of understanding underlying principles guiding health practices in Ayurveda and Tantra, where experiential knowledge complements traditional teachings.

53) Madya:
Madya signifies intoxicating substances, like alcohol, recognized in Tantric rituals for their ability to alter consciousness. Its inclusion in Ayurvedic practices reflects the dual nature of substances that can both aid healing and require careful handling to maintain balance and health.

54) Shaiva (艢aiva, 艢aiv膩):
Saiva denotes the worship and philosophical traditions associated with the deity Siva. In the context of Ayurveda and Tantra, saiva principles emphasize the balance between conscious action and spiritual energy, intertwining health practices with deeper metaphysical concepts of unity.

55) Moksha (Mok峁�a, Moksa, Mok峁Ｄ�):
Moksa refers to liberation or spiritual freedom, the ultimate goal in many Hindu philosophies including Ayurveda and Tantra. Achieving moksa involves transcending worldly attachments and attaining unity with the divine, guiding practitioners toward holistic approaches that encompass both health and spiritual enlightenment.

56) Veda (Ved膩):
Vedic denotes the ancient scriptures and teachings from the Vedic period, laying the foundation for spiritual and scientific traditions in India. The intertwining of Vedic philosophy with Ayurveda and Tantra exemplifies the historical context from which these holistic practices emerged.

57) Prana (Pr膩峁嚹�, Pr膩峁嘺, Pra峁嘺, Pr膩峁�, Pran):
Prana symbolizes vital life force or energy vital for all living entities. In Ayurveda and Tantric practices, understanding and harnessing prana is crucial for maintaining health, emphasizing its flow and balance within the body as paramount for well-being.

58) Raja (R膩ja, R膩j膩):
Raja generally relates to kingship, but within the context of the three gunas, it embodies the principle of action and activity. Balancing raja contributions with sattva and tamas is essential for holistic health in Ayurvedic traditions.

59) Tama (T膩ma, T膩m膩):
Tama represents darkness, inertia, and lethargy among the three gunas, often signifying a state of imbalance. In Ayurvedic tradition, tamas needs to be managed for achieving optimal health, echoing Tantric beliefs in the importance of enlightenment to overcome darkness.

60) Vayu (V膩yu):
Vayu refers to air or wind, representing essential energy in Ayurvedic philosophy that governs breath and circulation within the body. Its significance extends into Tantric practices, emphasizing the integration of physical and spiritual life forces for optimal health and vitality.

61) Apta (膧pta, Apt膩):
Apta signifies trustworthy or accomplished individuals in the Vedic tradition, representing a source of wisdom and authentic knowledge. In the context of Ayurveda, reference to aptas highlights the importance of experiential learning and the passing down of valuable practices that contribute to healing.