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[Sanskrit text for this chapter is available]

叠谤补丑尘腻 said:

1-2. O 狈腻谤补诲补, after performing the Pentuplication of the 叠丑奴迟补蝉, elements and their attributes sound etc., I evolved the gross Ether, wind, fire, water and the Earth out of them and created mountains, seas, trees etc. and the periods of time ending with Kali and other ages.

3. I created many other things as well, but O sage, I was not satisfied. Then O sage, I meditated on 艢颈惫补 and his consort 础尘产腻 and created aspirants.

4-7. I created 惭补谤墨肠颈 from my eyes, 叠丑峁沢耻 from my heart; 础峁単颈谤补蝉 from the head and the great sage Pulaha from the vital breath 痴测腻苍补. I created Pulastya from 鲍诲腻苍补; 痴补蝉颈峁ａ弓丑补 from 厂补尘腻苍补; Kratu from 础辫腻苍补; Atri from the ears and 顿补办峁�a from the 笔谤腻峁嘺. I then created you from my lap and the sage Kardama from my shadow. Finally, I created, out of my conception, Dharma which is the means for the achievement of everything. O foremost among sages, creating thus, thanks to the favour of 惭补丑腻诲别惫补, these excellent 厂腻诲丑补办补蝉 I became contented.

8. Then, O dear one, Dharma, born out of my conception assumed the form of Manu at my bidding and was engaged in activity by the aspirants.

9. Then I created from the different parts of my body innumerable sons, Suras (devas) and Asuras (demons) and many others after assigning them different bodies, O sage.

10. I was then prompted by 艢颈惫补 present within me and hence, O sage, I split myself into two having assumed two forms.

11. One half had the form of a woman and the other half that of a man^[1]. He then created in her a couple, the means of excellent nature.

12. The man was Sv膩yambhuva Manu, the greatest of the means (of creation). The woman was 艢补迟补谤奴辫腻, a 测辞驳颈苍墨, an ascetic woman.

13. The auspicious lady was accepted by Manu with due matrimonial rites, O dear one, he created beings through her by the process of sexual intercourse.

14-16. He begot of her two sons Priyavrata and 鲍迟迟腻苍补辫腻诲补 and three daughters 膧办奴迟颈, 顿别惫补丑奴迟颈 and 笔谤补蝉奴迟颈, all of them very famous. He gave 膧办奴迟颈 in marriage to Ruci and the middle one to Kardama. He gave 笔谤补蝉奴迟颈 the younger sister of 鲍迟迟腻苍补辫腻诲补 in marriage to 顿补办峁�a. Their sons and progeny are spread over the world both mobile and immobile.

17. Ruci begot of 膧办奴迟颈 the couple 驰补箩帽补 and 顿补办峁�i峁嚹�. Twelve sons were born of 驰补箩帽补 and 顿补办峁�i峁嚹�.

18. O sage, Kardama begot of 顿别惫补丑奴迟颈 many daughters. 顿补办峁�a begot twenty-four daughters.

19. Thirteen daughters 艢谤补诲诲丑腻 etc. were given to Dharma in marriage by 顿补办峁�a. O lordly sage, listen to the names of Dharma鈥檚 wives.

20. Their names are 艢谤补诲诲丑腻 (faith), 尝补办峁�m墨 (fortune), 顿丑峁泃颈 (fortitude), 罢耻峁ａ弓颈 (satiety), 笔耻峁ａ弓颈 (nourishment), 惭别诲丑腻 (intelligence), 碍谤颈测腻 (rite, activity), Buddhi (intellect, wisdom), 尝补箩箩腻 (Bashfulness), Vasu (wealth), 艢腻苍迟颈 (peace, calmness), Siddhi (achievement, accomplishment) and the thirteenth is 碍墨谤迟颈 (fame).

21-23. The eleven younger daughters were 碍丑测腻迟颈, 厂补迟墨, 厂补尘产丑奴迟颈, 厂尘峁泃颈, 笔谤墨迟颈, 碍峁�a尘腻, Sannati, 础苍耻谤奴辫腻, 弄谤箩腻, 厂惫腻丑腻 and 厂惫补诲丑腻 who were respectively married by 叠丑峁沢耻, Bhava (艢颈惫补), 惭补谤墨肠颈, the sage 础峁単颈谤补蝉, Pulastya, Pulaha, the excellent sage Kratu, Atri, 痴补蝉颈峁ａ弓丑补, the fire-god and the 笔颈迟峁泂 (manes).

24. The great aspirants 叠丑峁沢耻 and others took the hands of these famous daughters. Thereupon the entire universe consisting of three worlds, mobile and immobile was filled (with progeny).

25. Thus according to their own actions and at the bidding of 艢颈惫补 innumerable famous brahmins were born out of the various living beings.

26-28. In another Kalpa, 顿补办峁�a had sixty daughters. Of them ten were given to Dharma, twenty-seven to the Moon, thirteen to 碍补艣测补辫补. O 狈腻谤补诲补, he gave four to 骋补谤耻岣峚 of excellent form. Two to each of these鈥數�丑峁沢耻, 础峁単颈谤补蝉 and 碍峁浥浤伵泇补. Born of them are many children in the world of mobile and immobile.

29-30. O foremost among the sages, the children of the thirteen daughters given to the noble-souled 碍补艣测补辫补 by 顿补办峁�a spread over the three worlds. Mobile or immobile nothing was void.

31-32. Devas, sages, demons, trees, birds and mountain-creepers born of the daughters of 顿补办峁�a filled the entire space between 笔腻迟腻濒补 and Satyaloka.^[2]

33. The whole cosmic egg was filled. Never was it a void. Thus, at the bidding of 艢颈惫补, the creation was perfectly accomplished by 叠谤补丑尘腻.

34-35. 顿补办峁�a鈥檚 daughter 厂补迟墨 was perfectly guarded by Rudra at the tip of His Trident, for the sake of penance. 艢颈惫补 had created her himself and later for the activities of the world she was born of 顿补办峁�a. In order to uplift the devotees, the lord indulged himself in many divine sports.

36. 艢颈惫补 manifested himself in three ways in the form of 痴补颈办耻峁囜弓丑补 (痴颈峁ａ箛耻) born of the left limb, in my form (of 叠谤补丑尘腻) born of the right limb and in the form of Rudra born of the heart.

37. 痴颈峁ａ箛耻, Rudra and I represent the three 骋耻峁嘺蝉. 艢颈惫补 is free from 骋耻峁嘺蝉. He is the supreme Brahman, the undecaying.

38. 痴颈峁ａ箛耻 is of Sattva attribute, I (叠谤补丑尘腻) am of Rajas attribute and Rudra is of Tamas attribute. This is only in view of the activities in the world. But in fact and in name it is otherwise.

39. 痴颈峁ａ箛耻 is of T膩masika nature within but externally 厂腻迟迟惫颈办补; Rudra is of 厂腻迟迟惫颈办补 nature within but of T膩masic nature outside, I am of R膩jasic nature throughout.

40. The goddess of speech is of R膩jasic nature; 厂补迟墨 is of the 厂腻迟迟惫颈办补 nature and 尝补办峁�m墨 is of Tamasic nature; the great goddess 艢颈惫腻 is of the three natures.

41. 艢颈惫腻 became 厂补迟墨 and 艢颈惫补 married her. At the sacrifice of her father she cast off her body which she did not take again and went back to her own region.

42. 艢颈惫腻 incarnated as 笔腻谤惫补迟墨 at the request of the devas. It was after performing a severe penance that she could attain 艢颈惫补 again.

43-45. O lordly sage, she came to be called by various names such as 碍腻濒墨, 颁补峁囜笉颈办腻, 颁腻尘耻峁囜笉腻, 痴颈箩补测腻, 闯补测腻, 闯补测补苍迟墨, 叠丑补诲谤补办腻濒墨, 顿耻谤驳腻, 叠丑补驳补惫补迟墨, 碍腻尘腻办丑测腻, 碍腻尘补诲腻, 础尘产腻, 惭峁涐笉腻苍墨 and 厂补谤惫补尘补峁単补濒腻. These various names confer worldly pleasures and salvation according to qualities and action. The name 笔腻谤惫补迟墨 is very common.

46. The goddesses of various attributes and the three deities of various attributes performed the diverse excellent activities of creation in mutual collaboration.

47. O excellent among sages, I have thus explained the mode of creation to you. The entire cosmic egg was created by me at the bidding of 艢颈惫补.

48. 艢颈惫补 is the Supreme Brahman. The three deities, 痴颈峁ａ箛耻, I and Rudra are His manifestations according to the difference in the attributes.^[3]

49. The independent Supreme 膧迟尘补苍, who is both 狈颈谤驳耻峁嘺 and Sagu峁嘺 sports with 艢颈惫腻 in the beautiful 艢颈惫补loka.

50. His perfect and complete incarnation is Rudra. He is 艢颈惫补 himself. The five-faced lord has made His beautiful mansion in 碍补颈濒腻蝉补. Even if the whole 叠谤补丑尘腻峁囜笉a were destroyed, it knows no destruction.

Footnotes and references:

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[1]:

艢颈惫补-pur膩峁嘺 speaks of 叠谤补丑尘腻 splitting his body into two parts, the male and female, identified as Manu and 艢补迟补谤奴辫腻. Cp. Matsya-pur膩峁嘺 (鈥楢 Study鈥� by V. S. Agrawal) 3.31.

[2]:

The fourteen worlds from 笔腻迟腻濒补 to Satyaloka constitute the entire cosmos. Cf. Nirukta 210, 212 P. 247.

[3]:

From the Cosmic Egg agitated by the three 骋耻峁嘺蝉鈥擲attva, Rajas and Tamas, the three deities came into existence. The 笔耻谤腻峁嘺蝉 call them 叠谤补丑尘腻, 痴颈峁ａ箛耻 and 艢颈惫补 and assign the functions of creation, existence and dissolution to each respectively. Cp. Devi Bh膩gavata-pur膩峁嘺 1.8.2-4.

brahm膩 vi峁ａ箛u艣ca rudra艣ca trayo dev膩岣� san膩tan膩岣� |
n膩ta岣� paratara峁� ki帽cid brahm膩峁囜笉e'sminmah膩mate ||
brahm膩 s峁沯ati lok膩nvai vi峁ａ箛u岣� p膩tyakhila峁� jagat |
rudra岣� sa峁僪arate k膩letraya pate'tra k膩ra峁嘺m ||

The statement about the three qualities 鈥渟attva, rajas鈥� and 鈥渢amas鈥� manifested as the three devas is the concensus of the entire Pauranic lore. Cp. Li峁単a Pur膩峁嘺.

mahe艣var膩t trayo dev膩 jaj帽ire jagad墨艣var膩岣� |
艣膩艣vat膩 param膩 guhy膩岣� sarv膩tm膩na岣� 艣ar墨ri峁嘺岣� ||
eta eva trayo dev膩 eta eva trayo gu峁嚹佱弗 |
eta eva trayo lok膩 eta eva trayo'gnaya岣� ||

The Vedas trace the origin of the Trinity to the Brahman, the 艢补颈惫补蝉 to 惭补丑别艣惫补谤补 and the 叠丑腻驳补惫补迟补蝉 to 惭补丑腻惫颈峁ａ箛耻.