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Significance of Samkhya doctrine

The Samkhya doctrine, according to Tibetan Buddhism, is a philosophical framework that explores the nature of existence, causation, and the relationship between causes and effects. It critiques the assertions regarding the duality of Caitanya (Spirit) and Buddhi (Intellect), and the notion that effects cannot exist before their causes. Additionally, various philosophical interpretations from Purana and Vedanta highlight aspects such as dualism, the unity of existence, and the nature of reality, while Shaktism focuses on the independence of Prakriti.

Synonyms: Sankhya philosophy, Sankhya system, Sankhya school, Sankhya theory, Dualistic philosophy, Samkhya philosophy, Samkhya school, Samkhya system

In Dutch: Samkhya-leer; In Finnish: Samkhyan oppi; In Spanish: Doctrina Samkhya; In German: Samkhya-Doktrin

The below excerpts are indicatory and do represent direct quotations or translations. It is your responsibility to fact check each reference.

Buddhist concept of 'Samkhya doctrine'

Buddhism Books

The Samkhya doctrine in Buddhism explores reality's nature, emphasizing duality between spirit and intellect, critiques causation principles, and contests the notions that effects pre-exist their causes, highlighting relationships between particulars and universals.

Significance in Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism):
Tibetan Buddhism Books

From: Tattvasangraha [with commentary]

(1) Philosophical views that have been examined and critiqued in the context of the nature of relations between particulars and universals.[1] (2) A philosophical tradition arguing for the unity of things derived from primordial matter, whose assertions are being critiqued.[2] (3) A philosophical doctrine that discusses the nature of existence, primarily arguing that effects cannot exist prior to their production and emphasizing the non-difference in essence between causes and effects.[3] (4) A philosophical system that proposes the idea that the various products emerging from Primordial Matter and other Causes are of the same essence as those Causes.[4] (5) A philosophical perspective that discusses existence, causation, and the nature of effects, specifically concerned with the relationship between causes and their results.[5]

Tibetan Buddhism includes schools such as Nyingma, Kadampa, Kagyu and Gelug. Their primary canon of literature is divided in two broad categories: The Kangyur, which consists of Buddha鈥檚 words, and the Tengyur, which includes commentaries from various sources. Esotericism and tantra techniques (vajrayana) are collected indepently.

Hindu concept of 'Samkhya doctrine'

Hinduism Books

The Samkhya doctrine in Hinduism is a philosophical system founded by Kapila, asserting the existence of multiple souls, a dualistic nature of reality, and the independence of Prakriti, while distinguishing between the ultimate reality (Brahman) and illusion.

Significance in Shaktism (Shakta philosophy):
Shaktism Books

From: Shakti and Shakta

(1) Philosophical elements that emphasize multiplicity of Atmans and the independence of Prakriti, different from Mayavada.[6]

Shakta or Shaktism (shaktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.

Significance in Vedanta (school of philosophy):
Vedanta Books

From: Mandukya Upanishad (Gaudapa Karika and Shankara Bhashya)

(1) A philosophical doctrine that accepts the existence of multiple souls based on the diversity of experiences.[7]

Vedanta refers to a school of orthodox Hindu philosophy (astika), drawing its subject-matter from the Upanishads. There are a number of sub-schools of Vedanta, however all of them expound on the basic teaching of the ultimate reality (brahman) and liberation (moksha) of the individual soul (atman).

Significance in Purana and Itihasa (epic history):
Purana Books

From: Bhagavad-gita-rahasya (or Karma-yoga Shastra)

(1) The philosophical principle asserting that the entire perceptible cosmos arises from one imperceptible, subtle, and homogeneous fundamental substance.[8]

The Purana refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India鈥檚 vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.

Plural form: Samkhya doctrines.