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Ayurveda (science of life)

Rasashastra (Alchemy and Herbo-Mineral preparations)

Source: Wisdom Library: Rasa-艣膩stra

闯腻迟墨 (啶溹ぞ啶む��):鈥擮ne of the sixty-seven 惭补丑补耻峁�a诲丑颈, as per Rasa艣膩stra texts (rasa literature). These drugs are useful for processing mercury (rasa), such as the alchemical processes known as 蝉奴迟补-产补苍诲丑补苍补 and 尘腻谤补峁嘺.

Dietetics and Culinary Art (such as household cooking)

: Shodhganga: Dietetics and culinary art in ancient and medieval India

闯补迟墨 (啶溹い啷�) refers to 鈥渘utmeg鈥� and is used in the process of chewing betel (迟腻尘产奴濒补), as mentioned in the 17th century Bhojanakut奴hala (诲谤补惫测补驳耻峁嚹乬耻峁嘺-办补迟丑补苍补), and is commonly found in literature dealing with the topics of dietetics and culinary art, also known as 笔腻办补艣腻蝉迟谤补 or 笔腻办补办补濒腻.鈥擜ccordingly, betel leaves (迟腻尘产奴濒补) are generally chewed with areca-nut and limestone powder. One who holds the betel savored in combination with [viz., 箩补迟墨 (nutmeg)], can stimulate his appetite and clear the bad smell of his mouth. Five 苍颈峁�k补蝉 of areca-nut, two palas of betel leaf and two 驳耻帽箩补蝉 of limestone powder is the best proportion for betel chewing.

Veterinary Medicine (The study and treatment of Animals)

: archive.org: The Elephant Lore of the Hindus

闯腻迟颈 (啶溹ぞ啶むた) refers to the 鈥渆lephant castes鈥�, according to the 15th century 惭腻迟补峁単补濒墨濒腻 composed by N墨laka峁囜弓ha in 263 Sanskrit verses, dealing with elephantology in ancient India, focusing on the science of management and treatment of elephants.鈥擺Cf. chapter 1, 鈥渙n the origin of elephants鈥漖: 鈥淸...] 鈥楽tate鈥� elephants, furnished with their characteristic marks, were produced (prevailingly) in the (鈥榞olden鈥�) 办峁泃补 age; elephants of the 鈥榮low鈥� caste in the (second) treta; in the (third) age called 诲惫腻辫补谤补, these elephants known as 鈥榙eer鈥�; in this very kali age those of 鈥榤ixed鈥� caste. Here the production of elephants  according to their different castes (箩腻迟颈-产丑别诲补) is set forth, each appropriate to its association with (its respective) world age鈥�.

Unclassified Ayurveda definitions

Source: Wisdom Library: 膧yurveda and botany

1) 闯腻迟颈 (啶溹ぞ啶むた):鈥擜 Sanskrit word referring to the Jasminum grandiflorum (鈥淛asmine鈥�) plant and is used throughout Ayurvedic literature such as the Caraka-sa峁僪it膩. It is also known by the name M膩la迟墨 in Sanskrit, and in Hindi it is also known as Camel墨. The plant is also known in Englsh as 鈥淩oyal jasmine鈥� (etc.). It is native to South Asia and beyond and is widely cultivated in warm temperate and subtropical regions.

2) 闯补迟墨 (啶溹い啷�) is another name for Mallik膩 (Jasminum sambac 鈥淪ambac jasmine鈥�), from the Oleaceae family of flowering plants. The term is used throughout Ayurvedic literature such as the 颁补谤补办补蝉补峁僪颈迟腻.

3) 闯补峁��� (啶溹�熰��) is a Sanskrit word referring to a kind of animal. The meat of this animal is part of the 尘腻峁僺补惫补谤驳补 (鈥榞roup of flesh鈥�), which is used throughout Ayurvedic literature. The animal 闯补峁��� is part of the sub-group named Pratuda, refering to animals 鈥渨ho eat while striking鈥�. It was classified by Caraka in his 颁补谤补办补蝉补峁僪颈迟腻 蝉奴迟谤补蝉th膩na (chapter 27), a classical Ayurvedic work. Caraka defined such groups (vargas) based on the dietic properties of the substance.

context information

膧yurveda (啶嗋く啷佮ぐ啷嵿さ啷囙う, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of 膧yurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.

Purana and Itihasa (epic history)

: archive.org: Puranic Encyclopedia

1) 闯补峁��� (啶溹�熰��).鈥擜 warrior of Subrahma峁噛a. (艢alya Parva, Chapter 45, Verse 61).

2) 闯腻迟颈 (啶溹ぞ啶むた).鈥擲ee under C膩turvar峁噛a.

: archive.org: Nilamata Purana: a cultural and literary study

闯腻迟墨 (啶溹ぞ啶む��) refers to the lotus and represents flowers (辫耻峁�p补) once commonly used in ancient Kashmir (Ka艣m墨ra) as mentioned in the N墨lamatapur膩峁嘺 verse 429. The lotus is also called by the names Kamala, Jalaja (verse 45), Padma, and N墨lanalina, N墨lotpala (verse 62 and 339), Ir膩 (verse 673-675ff.) and Kunda (verse 495).

: archive.org: Shiva Purana - English Translation

1) 闯腻迟墨 (啶溹ぞ啶む��) is the name of a plant, the powders of which are used in ritualistic worship, according to the 艢ivapur膩峁嘺 2.1.11, while explaining the mode of worshipping 艢iva:鈥斺�淸...] fragrant root of the plant U艣墨ra and sandal-paste shall be put in the water for washing feet. Fine powders of 闯腻迟墨, Ka峁僰ola, Karp奴ra, root of Va峁璦 and Tam膩laka should be put in the water intended for sipping. Sandal powder shall be put in all these nine vessels. Nand墨艣a, the divine Bull of 艢iva shall be worshipped beside the lord 艢iva. The latter shall be worshipped with scents, incense and different. [...]鈥�.

Also, 鈥淸...] offerings of flowers, especially white flowers and rare flowers, shall be made to Lord 艢iva. Flowers of Ap膩m膩rga, Karp奴ra, 闯腻迟墨, Campaka, Ku艣a, P膩峁璦la, Karav墨ra, Mallik膩, Kamala (lotus) and Utpalas (lilies) of various sorts shall be used. When water is poured it shall be poured in a continuous stream鈥�.

2) 闯腻迟墨 (啶溹ぞ啶む��) is the name of a plant which is used in the worship of 艢iva, according to the 艢ivapur膩峁嘺 2.1.14:鈥斺�淸...] eleven prasthas of 闯腻迟颈 and Y奴thik膩 flowers constitute a hundred thousand in number in each. Five and a half Prasthas of R膩jik膩 flowers also constitute so many. [...] The devotee shall perform the worship of 艢iva with different flowers after considering these modes of calculation for the fulfilment of desires if he has any or for the sake of salvation if he has no desire鈥�.

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: The Purana Index

1a) 闯补峁��� (啶溹�熰��).鈥擜 group of heretics.^*

• * Brahm膩峁囜笉a-pur膩峁嘺 III. 14. 40.

1b) A name of Vighne艣vara.^*

• * Brahm膩峁囜笉a-pur膩峁嘺 IV. 44. 70.

: JatLand: List of Mahabharata people and places

闯补峁��� (啶溹�熰��) is a name mentioned in the 惭补丑腻产丑腻谤补迟补 (cf. IX.44.56) and represents one of the many proper names used for people and places. Note: The 惭补丑腻产丑腻谤补迟补 (mentioning 闯补峁���) is a Sanskrit epic poem consisting of 100,000 艣濒辞办补蝉 (metrical verses) and is over 2000 years old.

context information

The Purana (啶�啷佮ぐ啶距��, pur膩峁嘺s) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India鈥檚 vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.

Nyaya (school of philosophy)

Source: Wisdom Library: Ny膩ya

闯腻迟颈 (啶溹ぞ啶むた) refers to 鈥渇utility鈥� (sophisticated refutation). It is one of the sixteen categories of discussion (辫补诲腻谤迟丑补) according to the doctrine of the 狈测腻测补-蝉奴迟谤补蝉 by Ak峁�ap膩da. The sixteen 辫补诲腻谤迟丑补s represent a method of intellectual analysis and categorize everything that is knowable and nameable.

: Shodhganga: A study of Ny膩ya-vai艣e峁�ika categories

闯腻迟颈 (啶溹ぞ啶むた, 鈥渇utility鈥�) refers to 鈥渟ophisticated refutation鈥� and represents the fifteenth of the sixteen 辫补诲腻谤迟丑补s (鈥渃补迟别驳辞谤颈别蝉鈥�) in the first chapter of Gautama鈥檚 Ny膩yas奴tra (2nd century CE). 闯腻迟颈 means unfair sentence which is stated based on false analogy. In the Ny膩yas奴tra, Gautama defines that it is known as 箩腻迟颈 in which objection is founded on mere similarity or dissimilarity. As for example: one infers that sound is non-eternal as it is an effect like the pot. But other one gives an objection that sound is eternal, as it is spiritual like the sky. Here the objection is a kind of 箩腻迟颈, because there is no necessary relation between the spiritual and the eternal.

context information

Nyaya (啶ㄠ�嵿く啶距��, nyaya) refers to a school of Hindu philosophy (astika), drawing its subject-matter from the Upanishads. The Nyaya philosophy is known for its theories on logic, methodology and epistemology, however, it is closely related with Vaisheshika in terms of metaphysics.

Kavya (poetry)

: Shodhganga: A critical appreciation of soddhalas udayasundarikatha

闯腻迟颈 (啶溹ぞ啶むた).鈥擲o岣嶀笉hala mentions three chief 闯腻迟颈s or 鈥渧arieties of poets鈥�. They are:

1. 碍补耻办颈濒墨,
2. 惭腻测奴谤墨,
3. 惭腻谤腻濒墨.

The illustrations of the same have been given by the author himself.

context information

Kavya (啶曕ぞ啶掂�嵿��, kavya) refers to Sanskrit poetry, a popular ancient Indian tradition of literature. There have been many Sanskrit poets over the ages, hailing from ancient India and beyond. This topic includes mahakavya, or 鈥榚pic poetry鈥� and natya, or 鈥榙ramatic poetry鈥�.

Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy)

Source: Wisdom Library: N膩峁瓂a-艣膩stra

1) 闯腻迟颈 (啶溹ぞ啶むた, 鈥渂irth鈥�) refers to the recognized melody-types of the day according to N膩峁瓂a艣膩stra chapter 28.鈥擳丑别 箩腻迟颈s relating to the overlapping notes (蝉惫补谤补蝉腻诲丑腻谤补峁嘺) are three in number: Madhyama, Pa帽cam墨 and 峁�a岣峧amadhy膩. Their constituent parts are 峁�a岣峧a, Madhyama and Pa帽cama of which the Pa帽cam墨 will be distinct, but weaker than the rest in its own note (i.e. Pa帽cama).

The seven 箩腻迟颈s in the 峁�a岣峧补-驳谤腻尘补 are:

1. 峁⒛佱笉箩颈,
2. 膧谤峁�a产丑墨,
3. Dhaivati,
4. 狈补颈峁Ｄ乨颈,
5. 峁�a岣峧辞诲墨肠测补惫补迟墨,
6. 峁�a岣峧补办补颈艣颈办墨,
7. 峁�a岣峧补尘补诲丑测补尘腻.

The eleven 箩腻迟颈s in the 尘补诲丑测补尘补-驳谤腻尘补 are:

1. 骋腻苍诲丑腻谤墨,
2. 搁补办迟补驳腻苍诲丑腻谤墨,
3. 骋腻苍诲丑腻谤辞诲墨肠测补惫腻,
4. 惭补诲丑测补尘辞诲墨肠测补惫腻,
5. Madhyama,
6. 笔腻帽肠补尘墨,
7. 骋腻苍诲丑腻谤补辫补帽肠补尘墨,
8. 膧苍诲丑谤墨,
9. 狈补苍诲补测补苍迟墨,
10. 碍补谤尘腻谤补惫墨,
11. 碍补颈艣颈办墨.

Ten characteristics of the 闯腻迟颈s are: graha, 补峁兣沘, 迟腻谤补, mandra, 苍测腻蝉补, apa苍测腻蝉补, alpatva (reduction), bahutva (amplification), 峁Ｄ佱笉补惫补 (hexatonic treatment), and 补耻岣峚惫墨迟补 (pentatonic treatment).

2) 闯腻迟颈 (啶溹ぞ啶むた) refers to a combination of the 诲丑腻迟耻蝉 (roots), according to the N膩峁瓂a艣膩stra chapter 29. The four 诲丑腻迟耻蝉 relate to different aspects of strokes in playing stringed instruments (tata).

There are four different 箩腻迟颈s defined:

1. 耻诲腻迟迟补,
2. lalita,
3. ribhita,
4. ghana.

3) 闯腻迟颈 (啶溹ぞ啶むた, 鈥渃lass鈥�) refers to one of the five cause of songs (诲丑谤奴惫补) according to the N膩峁瓂a艣膩stra chapter 32:鈥斺�渢he number of syllables in the metre of a 诲丑谤耻惫腻 constitute its class (箩腻迟颈)鈥�. This refers to syllabic metres.

4) 闯腻迟颈 (啶溹ぞ啶むた) refers to a set of eighteen rules used in the playing of drums (辫耻峁�k补谤补) [with reference to M峁沝a峁単a, Pa峁嘺va and Dardura] according to the N膩峁瓂a艣膩stra chapter 33.

The following are the eighteen 箩腻迟颈s connected with the twenty 辫谤补办腻谤补蝉:

1. 艢耻诲诲丑腻,
2. 贰办补谤奴辫腻,
3. 顿别艣腻苍耻谤奴辫腻,
4. 顿别艣腻诲补辫别迟补谤奴辫腻,
5. 笔补谤测腻测补,
6. 痴颈峁�k补尘产丑补,
7. 笔补谤测补蝉迟腻,
8. 厂补峁价补尘产丑腻,
9. 笔腻谤峁ａ箛颈蝉补尘补蝉迟腻,
10. 顿耻峁�k补谤补办补谤补峁嚹�,
11. 弄谤诲丑惫补驳辞峁ａ弓丑颈办腻,
12. 鲍肠肠颈迟颈办腻,
13. 贰惫补峁僾腻诲测腻,
14. 惭峁沝补峁単补辫补峁嘺惫补,
15. 础惫补办墨谤峁嚹�,
16. 础谤诲丑腻惫补办墨谤峁嘺,
17. 厂补峁僷濒补惫腻,
18. 痴颈诲丑奴迟补.

These are the 箩腻迟颈s to be known by the wise for application in the walk and other movements. Those which are not mentioned here, should be taken from the people and with a view to their meaning. Prak膩ras and 箩腻迟颈s apply to all 尘腻谤驳补蝉. But in movements they are to be in their pure forms.

: Google Books: The Dictionary of Hindustani Classical Music

闯腻迟颈 (啶溹ぞ啶むた).鈥擜ccording to the 艢膩stras, 箩腻迟颈 is so called owing to its being born of two Gr膩mas, viz., 鈥�峁�a岣峧补-驳谤腻尘补鈥� and 鈥�尘补诲丑测补尘补-驳谤腻尘补鈥�. Compositions using 惫补谤峁嘺蝉 (notes) and 补濒补峁僰腻谤补蝉 have been classified under 箩腻迟颈s.

There are seven types of 艣耻诲诲丑补 or pure 箩腻迟颈s, each taking the name of a note viz.,

1. 峁Ｄ佱笉箩墨,
2. 腻谤峁�a产丑墨 (from 峁涐梗补产丑补),
3. 驳腻苍诲丑腻谤墨,
4. 尘补诲丑测补尘腻,
5. 辫补帽肠补尘墨,
6. 诲丑补颈惫补迟墨,
7. 苍补颈峁Ｄ乨墨 (or 苍颈峁Ｄ乨墨).

There are various rules for pure and mixed 箩腻迟颈s mentioned in details in the 艢膩stras. Barring the pure 箩腻迟颈s mentioned above, there are about 129 mixed 箩腻迟颈s. Indian modes were known as 箩腻迟颈s until 谤腻驳补 names replaced them.

In modern use 箩腻迟颈 means class in music, and is used to denote:

1) Quantitative class of scales, eg.,

1. anu岣島va-箩腻迟颈 (pentatonic class, scales using five notes),
2. 峁Ｄ佱笉补惫补-箩腻迟颈 (hexatonic class, scales using six notes),
3. samp奴r峁嘺-箩腻迟颈 (heptatonic class, using all the seven notes).

2) Qualitative class of 谤腻驳补s e.g.,

1. 艣耻诲诲丑补-箩腻迟颈 (pure class),
2. ch膩y膩laga-箩腻迟颈 (谤腻驳补 having a shadow of another 谤腻驳补),
3. sa峁僰墨r峁嘺-箩腻迟颈 (谤腻驳补 having several 谤腻驳补s mixed together)

: archive.org: The Ragas Of Karnatic Music

闯腻迟颈 (啶溹ぞ啶むた).鈥擬ata峁単a says that 箩腻迟颈s are so-called because the 谤腻驳补s are born of them. (cf Mata峁単a鈥檚 9th century B峁沨adde艣墨)

: Shodhganga: Mankhaka a sanskrit literary genius (natya)

闯腻迟颈 (啶溹ぞ啶むた).鈥擳丑别 metres regulated by 补办峁�a谤补蝉 are called 惫峁泃迟补蝉 and those regulated by 尘腻迟谤腻蝉 are called 箩腻迟颈s. A 惫峁泃迟补 is divided into three classes viz. sama惫峁泃迟补, ardhasama惫峁泃迟补, and vi峁�ama惫峁泃迟补. Again, yati or pause or caesura is a part of a verse, at which the reader is required to stop his breath and then proceed on.

: Shodhganga: The significance of the m奴la-beras (natya)

Jathi refers to 鈥渞hythmic syllables鈥� as defined in the first book of the Pa帽camarapu which deals with niruttam (dance, one of the sixty鈥揻our arts).鈥擳丑别 Pa帽camarapu (鈥渇ive-fold traditional usage鈥�) represents an important piece of Tamil literature and was composed by Cerai A峁焛van膩r in the 9th century AD during the time of Pandyan Tirumaran of the last Ca峁卥am Period.

: Shodhganga: Kohala in the Sanskrit textual tradition (ns)

闯腻迟颈 (啶溹ぞ啶むた) has five subdivisions, according to the T膩lalak峁�a峁嘺m, a work ascribed to Kohala鈥攁 celebrated authority of the ancient period along with others such as Bharata, Y膩峁ａ弓ika, 艢膩rd奴la, K膩艣yapa etc.

The T膩lalak峁�a峁嘺 says that there are five 箩腻迟颈s in all, viz.

1. 肠补迟耻谤补艣谤补,
2. 迟颈艣谤补,
3. 尘颈艣谤补,
4. 办丑补峁囜笉补 and
5. 蝉补峁卥墨谤峁嘺.

According to the authors of T膩lakal膩vil膩sam and N峁泃tac奴岣嵞乵a峁噄, the duration taken to utter the 肠补迟耻谤补艣谤补 laghu is four laghv补办峁�a谤补蝉, the duration for a 迟谤测补艣谤补 laghu is three laghv补办峁�a谤补蝉 and so on. It is interesting to note that the author of N峁泃tac奴岣嵞乵a峁噄 says that five varieties of laghus are only possible in the imaginary realm or to show off one鈥檚 prowess and not admissible in 濒补办峁�y补. The author of 膧帽janeyamatam accepts only two kinds of laghus viz. 肠补迟耻谤补艣谤补 and 迟谤测补艣谤补 and the other three 箩腻迟颈s are only derivatives from these.

context information

Natyashastra (啶ㄠぞ啶熰�嵿く啶多ぞ啶膏�嵿い啷嵿ぐ, 苍腻峁瓂补艣腻蝉迟谤补) refers to both the ancient Indian tradition (shastra) of performing arts, (natya鈥攖heatrics, drama, dance, music), as well as the name of a Sanskrit work dealing with these subjects. It also teaches the rules for composing Dramatic plays (nataka), construction and performance of Theater, and Poetic works (kavya).

Vyakarana (Sanskrit grammar)

: Shodhganga: Vaiy膩kara峁嘺bh奴峁�a峁嘺s膩ra: a critical study

闯腻迟颈 (啶溹ぞ啶むた).鈥擜 generic property which has been accepted by the Grammarians as one of the five denotations of nominal stems.

: Wikisource: A dictionary of Sanskrit grammar

闯腻迟颈 (啶溹ぞ啶むた).鈥擥enus; class;universal;the notion of generality which is present in the several individual objects of the same kind. The biggest or widest notion of the universal or genus is 啶膏い啷嵿い啶� (蝉补迟迟腻) which, according to the grammarians, exists in every object or substance, and hence, it is the denotation or denoted sense of every substantive or Pratipadika, although on many an occasion vyakti or an individual object is required for daily affairs and is actually referred to in ordinary talks. In the Mahabhasya a learned discussion is held regarding whether 啶溹ぞ啶むた (箩腻迟颈) is the denotation or 啶掂�嵿く啶曕�嵿い啶� (vyakti) is the denotation. The word 啶溹ぞ啶むた (箩腻迟颈) is defined in the Mahabhasya as follows:-啶嗋�曕�冟い啶苦�椸�嵿ぐ啶灌ぃ啶� 啶溹ぞ啶むた啶班�嵿げ啶苦�權�嵿�椸ぞ啶ㄠぞ啶� 啶� 啶� 啶膏ぐ啷嵿さ啶�啶距�曕�� 啷� 啶膏�曕�冟う啶距�栢�嵿く啶距い啶ㄠた-啶班�嵿�椸ぞ啶灌�嵿く啶� 啶椸�嬥い啷嵿ぐ啶� 啶� 啶氞ぐ啶｀�堗�� 啶膏す 啷� 啶呧お啶� 啶嗋す 啷� 啶椸�嵿ぐ啶距う啷佮き啷�啶掂さ啶苦え啶距ざ啶距き啷嵿く啶距�� 啶膏い啷嵿い啷嵿さ啶膏�嵿�� 啶�啷佮�椸お啶︵�嵿�椸�佮ぃ啷堗�� 啷� 啶呧じ啶班�嵿��-啶侧た啶權�嵿�椸ぞ啶� 啶�啶灌�嵿さ啶班�嵿ぅ啷� 啶むぞ啶� 啶溹ぞ啶むた啶� 啶曕さ啶�啷� 啶掂た啶︵�佮�� (膩k峁泃igraha峁嚹� 箩腻迟颈rli峁単膩n膩峁� ca na sarvabh膩k | sak峁沝膩khy膩tani-rg膩hy膩 gotra峁� ca cara峁嘺i岣� saha || apara 膩ha | gr膩dubh墨vavin膩艣膩bhy膩峁� sattvasya yugapadgu峁嘺i岣� | asarva-li峁単膩峁� bahvartho t膩峁� 箩腻迟颈峁� kavayo vidu岣�) M. Bh. on IV. 1.63. For details see Bhartphari's Vakyapadiya.

context information

Vyakarana (啶掂�嵿く啶距�曕ぐ啶�, vy膩kara峁嘺) refers to Sanskrit grammar and represents one of the six additional sciences (vedanga) to be studied along with the Vedas. Vyakarana concerns itself with the rules of Sanskrit grammar and linguistic analysis in order to establish the correct context of words and sentences.

Chandas (prosody, study of Sanskrit metres)

: Shodhganga: a concise history of Sanskrit Chanda literature

闯腻迟颈 (啶溹ぞ啶むた).鈥擳丑别 Classical metres are divided into three types viz. 1. 惫峁泃迟补 or 惫补谤峁嘺, 2. 尘腻迟谤腻 or 箩腻迟颈 3. gadya. The metres (chandas) which are calculated through letters are called as 惫补谤峁嘺 type, and the 尘腻迟谤腻 type is calculated by syllabic instances. The gadya type of metres are not accepted by all prosodicians, but authorities like Ga峁単膩d膩sa, Candra艣ekhara, Raghun膩tha and Gop墨n膩tha advocate for this metre.

context information

Chandas (啶涏え啷嵿う啶膏��) refers to Sanskrit prosody and represents one of the six Vedangas (auxiliary disciplines belonging to the study of the Vedas). The science of prosody (chandas-shastra) focusses on the study of the poetic meters such as the commonly known twenty-six metres mentioned by Pingalas.

Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology)

Source: Wisdom Library: Brihat Samhita by Varahamihira

闯腻迟颈 (啶溹ぞ啶むた) refers to a 鈥渃aste鈥�, according to the B峁沨atsa峁僪it膩 (chapter 8), an encyclopedic Sanskrit work written by Var膩hamihira mainly focusing on the science of ancient Indian astronomy astronomy (Jyoti峁�a).鈥擜ccordingly, 鈥淭he years of Jupiter (产峁沨补蝉辫补迟颈) take their names from the several Nak峁�atras in which he reappears after his conjunction with the Sun; and these names are identical with the names of the lunar months. [...] In the Jye峁ａ弓ha year of Jupiter, the chief men of every caste (箩腻迟颈-艣re峁ａ弓h膩), of every family (kuladhana), of every opulent class (艣谤别峁嚹�) and of every village as well as princes and learned men will suffer miseries; and grains excepting Ka峁単u and pod grains will suffer鈥�.

: Wikibooks (hi): Sanskrit Technical Terms

闯腻迟颈 (啶溹ぞ啶むた).鈥擧ereditary social and occupational group, often translated caste. Note: 闯腻迟颈 is a Sanskrit technical term used in ancient Indian sciences such as Astronomy, Mathematics and Geometry.

context information

Jyotisha (啶溹�嵿く啷嬥い啶苦��, 箩测辞迟颈峁�a or jyotish) refers to 鈥榓stronomy鈥� or 鈥淰edic astrology鈥� and represents the fifth of the six Vedangas (additional sciences to be studied along with the Vedas). Jyotisha concerns itself with the study and prediction of the movements of celestial bodies, in order to calculate the auspicious time for rituals and ceremonies.

Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy)

: Shodhganga: The saurapurana - a critical study (shaivism)

闯腻迟颈 (啶溹ぞ啶むた) (flowers) refers to one of the various leaves and flowers used in the worship of 艢iva, according to the 10th century 厂补耻谤补辫耻谤腻峁嘺: one of the various Upapur膩峁嘺s depicting 艢aivism.鈥擳丑别 text refers the following flowers and leaves to be offered to Lord 艢iva [viz., 闯腻迟颈][...]. It is stated that if a person offers these flowers to Lord 艢iva, planting himself, the Lord Himself receives those flowers.

context information

Shaiva (啶多�堗��, 艣aiva) or Shaivism (艣aivism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshiping Shiva as the supreme being. Closely related to Shaktism, Shaiva literature includes a range of scriptures, including Tantras, while the root of this tradition may be traced back to the ancient Vedas.

Vaishnavism (Vaishava dharma)

: Pure Bhakti: Brhad Bhagavatamrtam

闯腻迟颈 (啶溹ぞ啶むた) refers to:鈥擮ne鈥檚 class or social classification based on birth; community; sub-division of a 惫补谤峁嘺. (cf. Glossary page from 艢r墨 B峁沨ad-bh膩gavat膩m峁泃a).

context information

Vaishnava (啶掂�堗し啷嵿ぃ啶�, vai峁ａ箛ava) or vaishnavism (vai峁ａ箛avism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshipping Vishnu as the supreme Lord. Similar to the Shaktism and Shaivism traditions, Vaishnavism also developed as an individual movement, famous for its exposition of the dashavatara (鈥榯en avatars of Vishnu鈥�).

Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)

: Google Books: Manthanabhairavatantram

1) 闯补峁璱n (啶溹�熰た啶ㄠ��) refers to 鈥渙ne who has matted hair鈥� and is used to describe 艢a峁僰ara (i.e., Bhairava), according to the second recension of the Yoga办丑补峁囜笉补 of the Manth膩nabhairavatantra, a vast sprawling work that belongs to a corpus of Tantric texts concerned with the worship of the goddess Kubjik膩.鈥擜ccordingly, as the Goddess (i.e., Khage艣墨) said to the God (i.e., Bhairava), 鈥淸...] Being one who has matted hair [i.e., 箩补峁璱苍], shaved head, (having a) topknot, carrying a skull, smeared with ashes or wearing the five insignias鈥擮 god, (none of this) leads to accomplishment in the Kula tradition. (Even) a renouncer who does not bear the five insignias and is naked does not quickly achieve success in the western (transmission) of the House of the Yogi苍墨s. This is forbidden and (so) all this is absent in the Kaula (teachings). O Mahe艣vara, as this is improper how can the Command be given to you?鈥�.

2) 闯补峁璱n (啶溹�熰た啶ㄠ��) refers to 鈥渙ne who has dreadlocks鈥�, according to the 峁�a峁璼膩hasrasa峁僪it膩, an expansion of the Kubjik膩matatantra: the earliest popular and most authoritative Tantra of the Kubjik膩 cult.鈥擜ccordingly, 鈥淥r else, (he may be an ascetic who) always lives in a cave and eats roots, wears bark clothes, keeps silence and is firm (in the observance of his ascetic鈥檚) vow; whether he has dreadlocks [i.e., 箩补峁璱苍] or shaved head, he is ever intent on the practice of chastity. He knows the reality of concentration and meditation and does not keep the company of the worldly(-minded). [...]鈥�.

3) 闯腻迟颈 (啶溹ぞ啶むた) refers to 鈥渙ne鈥檚 caste鈥�, according to the 峁�a峁璼膩hasrasa峁僪it膩.鈥擜ccordingly, 鈥�(The true teacher is dedicated to) truthfulness, ritual purity and cleanliness, compassion, and forbearance; he unites with his wife when it is her season, not out of passion, but for a son for the benefit of (his) clan and lineage. He practices the six magical rites, bathes (regularly) and worships at the three times of day. He avoids the 艢奴dra and the low caste as well as (accepting food from others), whether cooked or raw. One who is endowed with such qualities is a Brahmin (vipra), not by caste [i.e., 箩腻迟颈] or by virtue of (his) sacred thread (and the like). These are the qualities of a (true) Brahmin. He who possesses them is a (true) teacher. Moreover, he removes error, and he reveals the meaning of the Kula scripture. Previously consecrated, (such a one) should always be made (one鈥檚) teacher鈥�.

context information

Shakta (啶多ぞ啶曕�嵿��, 艣膩kta) or Shaktism (艣膩ktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.

Ganitashastra (Mathematics and Algebra)

: archive.org: Hindu Mathematics

1) 闯腻迟颈 (啶溹ぞ啶むた) [?] possibly represents the number 22 (twenty-two) in the 鈥渨ord-numeral system鈥� (产丑奴迟补蝉补峁僰丑测腻), which was used in Sanskrit texts dealing with astronomy, mathematics, metrics, as well as in the dates of inscriptions and manuscripts in ancient Indian literature.鈥擜 system of expressing numbers by means of words arranged as in the place-value notation was developed and perfected in India in the early centuries of the Christian era. In this system the numerals [e.g., 22鈥�箩腻迟颈] are expressed by names of things, beings or concepts, which, naturally or in accordance with the teaching of the 艢膩stras, connote numbers.

2) 闯腻迟颈 (啶溹ぞ啶むた) refers to the different 鈥渃lasses鈥� of Bhinna (鈥渇ractions鈥�), which refers to one of the twenty operations (logistics) of 辫腻峁�墨g补峁噄迟补 (鈥渟cience of calculation which requires the use of writing material鈥攖he board鈥�), according to P峁泃hudakasv膩m墨鈥檚 commentary on the Br膩hmasphu峁璦siddh膩nta by Brahmagupta, a Sanskrit treatise on ancient Indian mathematics (驳补峁噄迟补-艣腻蝉迟谤补) and astronomy from the 7th century.鈥擧indu treatises contain special rules for the reduction of classes [of numbers] (箩腻迟颈) to proper fractions (bhinna). 艢r墨dhara and Mah膩v墨ra each enumerate six 箩腻迟颈s, while Brahmagupta gives only five and Bh膩skara II following Skandasena reduces the number to four. The need for the division of fractions into classes arose out of the lack of proper symbolism to indicate mathematical operations. The only operational symbol used by the Hindus was a dot for the negative sign.

The Hindu mathematicians divide combinations of fractions (bhinna) into four classes:

1. 叠丑腻驳补,
2. 笔谤补产丑腻驳补,
3. 叠丑腻驳腻苍耻产补苍诲丑补,
4. 叠丑腻驳腻辫补惫腻丑补.

Besides the above four forms, 艢r墨dhara, Mah膩v墨ra and some others give two more:

1. 叠丑腻驳补产丑腻驳补,
2. 叠丑腻驳补尘腻迟峁�.

context information

Ganita (啶椸ぃ啶苦い) or Ganitashastra refers to the ancient Indian science of mathematics, algebra, number theory, arithmetic, etc. Closely allied with astronomy, both were commonly taught and studied in universities, even since the 1st millennium BCE. Ganita-shastra also includes ritualistic math-books such as the Shulba-sutras.

Gitashastra (science of music)

: Shodhganga: Elements of Art and Architecture in the Trtiyakhanda of the Visnudharmottarapurana (gita)

闯腻迟颈 (啶溹ぞ啶むた) refers to a 鈥減roper combination of two 驳谤腻尘补蝉鈥� (in Indian music), according to the Kallin膩tha鈥檚 commentary Kal膩nidhi on the 厂补峁僩墨迟补谤补迟苍腻办补谤补.鈥擳丑别 term 箩腻迟颈 is explained in plural number as 箩腻迟颈s. So it can be assumed that this name is applied as this comprised a proper combination of two 驳谤腻尘补蝉. In the N膩峁瓂a艣膩stra, 箩腻迟颈s are broadly divided into two types viz., 艣耻诲诲丑腻 and 惫颈办峁泃腻. The 厂补峁僩墨迟补谤补迟苍腻办补谤补 also agrees on it. But in the Vi峁ａ箛udharmottarapur膩峁嘺, the reference about the types of 箩腻迟颈s is not found.

The 厂补峁僩墨迟补谤补迟苍腻办补谤补 accepts thirteen kinds of characteristic features of 箩腻迟颈s (the first ten kinds are accepted by the N膩峁瓂a艣膩stra).鈥�

1. graha,
2. 补峁兣沘,
3. 迟腻谤补,
4. mandra,
5. 苍测腻蝉补,
6. apa苍测腻蝉补,
7. alpatva,
8. bahutva,
9. 峁Ｄ佱笉补惫补 and
10. 补耻岣峚惫补.
11. sa苍测腻蝉补,
12. vi苍测腻蝉补 and
13. 补苍迟补谤补尘腻谤驳补.

In this context the Vi峁ａ箛udharmottarapur膩峁嘺 seems to follow the N膩峁瓂a艣膩stra as this work accepts ten kinds of characteristics features of 箩腻迟颈s with similar titles

context information

Gitashastra (啶椸��啶むざ啶距じ啷嵿い啷嵿ぐ, 驳墨迟补艣腻蝉迟谤补) refers to the ancient Indian science of Music (gita or samgita), which is traditionally divided in Vocal music, Instrumental music and Dance (under the jurisdiction of music). The different elements and technical terms are explained in a wide range of (often Sanskrit) literature.

Yoga (school of philosophy)

: ORA: Amanaska (king of all yogas): A Critical Edition and Annotated Translation by Jason Birch

闯腻迟颈 (啶溹ぞ啶むた) refers to 鈥渙ne鈥檚 caste鈥�, according to the Sarvaj帽膩nottara verse 20.34-39.鈥擜ccordingly, while discussing the culmination of detachment (for the process of attaining the no-mind state): 鈥淗aving abandoned those feelings connected with his region, caste (箩腻迟颈), his caste-class and religious disciplines, the wise should meditate on his own [inner] state. Abandoning all such feelings as 鈥榯his is [my] mantra鈥�, 鈥榯his is [my] deity鈥�, 鈥榯his is [my] meditation鈥� [or] 鈥榯his is [my] austerity鈥�, he should meditate on his own [inner] state. [...]鈥�.

context information

Yoga is originally considered a branch of Hindu philosophy (astika), but both ancient and modern Yoga combine the physical, mental and spiritual. Yoga teaches various physical techniques also known as 膩sanas (postures), used for various purposes (eg., meditation, contemplation, relaxation).

Pancaratra (worship of N膩r膩ya峁嘺)

: archive.org: Catalogue of Pancaratra Agama Texts

闯腻迟颈 (啶溹ぞ啶むた) refers to 鈥渃aste鈥�, as discussed in chapter 1 (Cary膩p膩da) of the 笔补诲尘补蝉补峁僪颈迟腻: the most widely followed of Sa峁僪it膩 covering the entire range of concerns of P膩帽car膩tra doctrine and practice (i.e., the four-fold formulation of subject matter鈥�箩帽腻苍补, yoga, 办谤颈测腻 and 肠补谤测腻) consisting of roughly 9000 verses.鈥擠escription of the chapter [箩腻迟颈-nir峁嘺ya]: Brahm膩 asks Bhagav膩n who is eligible to perform 辫奴箩腻 and 腻谤腻诲丑补苍补 during the various phases of temple construction, as well as afterward (1-2). Bhagav膩n commences by saying that all regardless of caste ( with the exception of non-s奴ta pratilomakas) may worship God (3-5a), But He continues by making certain distinctions about who, among various caste-groups鈥攁lbeit these folks will have undergone P膩帽car膩trad墨k峁Ｄ佲�攎ay and may not perform worship for others (i.e., in temples, etc.) (5b-10a). [...]

context information

Pancaratra (啶�啶距�炧�嵿�氞ぐ啶距い啷嵿ぐ, p膩帽car膩tra) represents a tradition of Hinduism where Narayana is revered and worshipped. Closeley related to Vaishnavism, the Pancaratra literature includes various Agamas and tantras incorporating many Vaishnava philosophies.

General definition (in Hinduism)

: India Facts: Exploring the World of Varna

闯腻迟颈 (啶溹ぞ啶むた, 鈥漜ategory鈥�):鈥擶hile 惫补谤峁嘺 seems to have come from occupation, culture, and aptitude, 箩腻迟颈 seems to emphasize on birth, family reputation, (family) profession, and economic status. 痴补谤峁嘺 takes into account the worth of the individual and constructs a social system for the division of labour.

Further, 惫补谤峁嘺 emphasizes the prescribed duties for the community. 闯腻迟颈, on the other hand, takes into account the history of the family and cares little for the prescribed duties. It is more concerned with rights and privileges. It is noteworthy that the term 箩腻迟颈 in the sense of social classification hardly ever occurs in the Vedas. Interestingly, the 叠丑补惫颈峁�y补-辫耻谤腻峁嘺 uses the word 箩腻迟颈 to denote 鈥榮pecies.鈥�

In Buddhism

Theravada (major branch of Buddhism)

: Dhamma Dana: Pali English Glossary

F (Rebirth). The fact to take rebirth.

: Journey to Nibbana: Patthana Dhama

Jati or jata means arising or coming up.

: Dhamma Study: Cetasikas

(literally birth or nature) Cittas can be classified in many ways and one of these is the classification by way of "jati". Cittas can be of the following four jatis:

1. akusala
2. kusala
3. vipaka (result )
4. kiriya (inoperative, neither cause nor result)

: Pali Kanon: Manual of Buddhist Terms and Doctrines

'birth', comprises the entire embryonic process beginning with conception and ending with parturition.

"The birth of beings belonging to this or that order of beings, their being born, their conception (okkanti) and springing into existence, the manifestation of the groups (corporeality, feeling, perception, mental formations, consciousness; s. khandha), the acquiring of their sensitive organs: this is called birth" (D. 22). For its conditioning by the prenatal karma-process (kamma-bhava; s. bhava), s. paticcasamupp膩da (9, 10), patisandhi.

context information

Thera惫腻诲补 is a major branch of Buddhism having the the Pali canon (tipitaka) as their canonical literature, which includes the vinaya-pitaka (monastic rules), the sutta-pitaka (Buddhist sermons) and the abhidhamma-pitaka (philosophy and psychology).

Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)

Source: Wisdom Library: Maha Prajnaparamita Sastra

闯腻迟颈 (啶溹ぞ啶むた, 鈥渂irth鈥�) refers to the eleventh of twelve 辫谤补迟墨迟测补蝉补尘耻迟辫腻诲补 (dependent origination) according to the 2nd century Mah膩praj帽膩p膩ramit膩艣膩stra chapter X. As a consequence of this bhava, one reassumes the five aggregates (skandha) of the new lifetime (punarbhava). This is called 箩腻迟颈, birth. The decay of the five skandhas coming from this 箩腻迟颈 is called 箩补谤腻尘补谤补峁嘺, old-age-and-death. Jar膩mara峁嘺 gives rise to dissatisfaction (daurmanasya), sorrow (parideva) and all kinds of worries (艣辞办补); and thus the mass of suffering accumulates.

: academia.edu: A Study and Translation of the Gaganaga帽japarip峁沜ch膩

闯腻迟颈 (啶溹ぞ啶むた) refers to 鈥渂irth鈥�, according to the Gaganaga帽japarip峁沜ch膩: the eighth chapter of the Mah膩sa峁僴ip膩ta (a collection of Mah膩y膩na Buddhist S奴tras).鈥擜ccordingly, 鈥淸...] Then, the bodhisatva, the great being, Gaganaga帽ja addressed himself to the Lord: [...] (27) [How do the Bodhisattvas] purify their own realm (蝉惫补惫颈峁�a测补) after having obtained the realm of the Buddha? (28) [How do the Bodhisattvas] obtain memory without forgetfulness? (29) [How are the Bodhisattvas] always supported by the presence of the Buddha and thus having unhindered eloquence? (30) [How do the Bodhisattvas] attain the mastery of the arising of birth and death (箩腻迟颈cyuti)? [...]鈥欌��.

context information

Mahayana (啶�啶灌ぞ啶�啶距え, 尘补丑腻y膩na) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many 蝉奴迟谤补蝉 of which some of the earliest are the various Praj帽膩p膩ramit膩 蝉奴迟谤补蝉.

Buddhist philosophy

: Google Books: A History of Indian Logic (Buddhist Philosophy)

闯腻迟颈 (啶溹ぞ啶むた) refers to the 鈥渁nalogue鈥� (i.e., far-fetched analogy) (in debate), according to Up膩yakau艣alyah峁沝aya, an ancient work on the art of debate composed by Bodhisattva N膩g膩rjuna.鈥擨n Chinese this work is called Fan-pien-sin-lun. It was translated into Chinese by Ci-cia-ye and Than-yao in A.D. 472.鈥擟hapter 4 deals with the analogue or far-fetched analogy (箩腻迟颈).

Note: The 鈥渁nalogue鈥� or far-fetched analogy is of various kinds as follows:鈥�

1. balancing an excess (耻迟办补谤峁�a-蝉补尘腻),
2. balancing a deficit (补辫补办补谤峁�a-蝉补尘腻),
3. balancing the unquestionable (补惫补谤峁噛补-蝉补尘腻),
4. balancing the non-reason (补丑别迟耻-蝉补尘腻),
5. balancing the co-presence (辫谤腻辫迟颈-蝉补尘腻),
6. balancing the mutual absence (a辫谤腻辫迟颈-蝉补尘腻),
7. balancing the doubt (s补峁兣沘ya-sam膩) and
8. balancing the counter-example (辫谤补迟颈诲峁涐梗峁�膩n迟补-蝉补尘腻).

context information

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General definition (in Buddhism)

Source: Wisdom Library: Dharma-samgraha

闯腻迟颈 (啶溹ぞ啶むた, 鈥渂irth鈥�) refers to one of the thirteen 鈥渃onditions鈥� (蝉补峁僺办腻谤补) that are 鈥渦nassociated with mind鈥� (citta-viprayukta) as defined in the Dharma-sa峁僩raha (section 30). The Dharma-samgraha (Dharmasangraha) is an extensive glossary of Buddhist technical terms in Sanskrit (e.g., 箩腻迟颈). The work is attributed to Nagarjuna who lived around the 2nd century A.D.

闯腻迟颈 also refers to the eleventh of the 鈥渢welve factors of conditional origination鈥� (辫谤补迟墨迟测补蝉补尘耻迟辫腻诲补) as defined in the Dharma-sa峁僩raha (section 42).

In Jainism

General definition (in Jainism)

: archive.org: Jaina Yoga

闯腻迟颈 (啶溹ぞ啶むた, 鈥渃aste鈥�) as in 箩腻迟颈-mada refers to 鈥減ride of caste鈥� and represents one of the eight forms of vainglory (mada), according to Samantabhadra in his Ratna-Kara峁囜笉a-艣r膩vak膩c膩ra (with commentary of Prabh膩candra). These eight madas are included in the twenty-five blemishes (诲峁沢-诲辞峁�a蝉), which are generally held to be the eight madas, the three 尘奴岣峢补迟腻蝉, the six 补苍腻测补迟补苍补蝉, and the eight 诲辞峁�a蝉.

: Encyclopedia of Jainism: Tattvartha Sutra 8: Bondage of karmas

闯腻迟颈 (啶溹ぞ啶むた, 鈥済enus鈥�) refers to 鈥渃lass body-making karma鈥� and represents one of the various kinds of 狈腻尘补, or 鈥減hysique-making (karmas)鈥�, which represents one of the eight types of Prak峁泃i-bandha (species bondage): one of the four kinds of bondage (bandha) according to the 2nd-century Tattv膩rthas奴tra chapter 8. What is meant by the class (箩腻迟颈) body-making karma? The karmas rise of which produces birth in a grouping of similar / alike beings (called 箩腻迟颈) without deviating from the particular realm is called class body-making karma.

How many sub types of class (箩腻迟颈) body-making (苍腻尘补) karmas are there? These karmas are of five types, namely:

1. one sensed living beings (ekendriya),
2. two sensed living beings (诲惫墨苍诲谤颈测补),
3. three sensed living beings (迟谤墨苍诲谤颈测补),
4. four sensed living beings (caturindriya),
5. five sensed living beings (辫补帽肠别苍诲谤颈测补).

: The University of Sydney: A study of the Twelve Reflections

闯腻迟颈 (啶溹ぞ啶むた) refers to 鈥減roduction鈥�, according to the 11th century J帽膩n膩r峁嘺va, a treatise on Jain Yoga in roughly 2200 Sanskrit verses composed by 艢ubhacandra.鈥擜ccordingly, 鈥淎 corporeal [soul] becomes pure like gold immediately karma, whose existence is without a beginning [com.鈥攚hose production is for a period of time without a beginning (an膩dik膩la箩腻迟颈m)] and which is completely consumed by the fire of meditation, is destroyed鈥�.

Synonyms: Janman, Sa峁僢hava, S奴ti, Bhava.

context information

Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, 鈥榮elf-reliance鈥�) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.

India history and geography

: Project Gutenberg: Castes and Tribes of Southern India, Volume 1

Jadi (鈥渃aste鈥�) refers to a factor taken into consideration, by consulting an astrologer, before marriage among the Agamudaiyans (a cultivating case foundin all the Tamil districts).鈥擳丑别 zodiacal signs (rasi) are grouped into castes as follows:鈥擝rahman, Karkatakam, Minam, and Dhanus Kshatriya, Mesham, Vrischikam Vaisya, Kumbam, Thulam Sudra, Rishabam, Makaram Lower castes, Midhunam, Singam, and Kanni.

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Indian Epigraphical Glossary

闯腻迟颈.鈥�(IE 7-1-2), 鈥榯wentytwo鈥�. Note: 箩腻迟颈 is defined in the 鈥淚ndian epigraphical glossary鈥� as it can be found on ancient inscriptions commonly written in Sanskrit, Prakrit or Dravidian languages.

: Shodhganga: Vernacular architecture of Assam with special reference to Brahmaputra Valley

Jati-bah is an Assamese term referring to a variety of bamboo (i.e., Bambusa tulda).鈥擨t appears in the study dealing with the vernacular architecture (local building construction) of Assam whose rich tradition is backed by the numerous communities and traditional cultures.

context information

The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.

Biology (plants and animals)

: Wisdom Library: Local Names of Plants and Drugs

Jati [啶溹ぞ啶む��] in the Marathi language is the name of a plant identified with Cosmostigma racemosum from the Apocynaceae (Oleander) family having the following synonyms: Asclepias racemosa. For the possible medicinal usage of jati, you can check this page for potential sources and references, although be aware that any some or none of the side-effects may not be mentioned here, wether they be harmful or beneficial to health.

Jati [啶溹ぞ啶むた] in the Hindi language is the name of a plant identified with Jasminum grandiflorum L. from the Oleaceae (Jasmine) family having the following synonyms: Jasminum officinale var. grandiflorum.

Jati [啶溹�熰��] in the Sanskrit language is the name of a plant identified with Ficus virens from the Moraceae (Mulberry) family having the following synonyms: Ficus infectoria.

: Wisdom Library: Local Names of Plants and Drugs

Jathi [啻溹淳啻む纯] in the Malayalam language is the name of a plant identified with Myristica fragrans Houtt. from the Myristicaceae (Nutmeg) family having the following synonyms: Myristica aromatica, Myristica moschata, Myristica officinalis. For the possible medicinal usage of jathi, you can check this page for potential sources and references, although be aware that any some or none of the side-effects may not be mentioned here, wether they be harmful or beneficial to health.

: Google Books: CRC World Dictionary (Regional names)

Jadi in India is the name of a plant defined with Ficus infectoria in various botanical sources. This page contains potential references in Ayurveda, modern medicine, and other folk traditions or local practices.

Example references for further research on medicinal uses or toxicity (see latin names for full list):

· Phil. J. Sci. (1912)
· Hortus Bengalensis (1814)

If you are looking for specific details regarding Jadi, for example diet and recipes, health benefits, chemical composition, extract dosage, pregnancy safety, side effects, have a look at these references.

: Google Books: CRC World Dictionary (Regional names)

1) Jati in India is the name of a plant defined with Aganosma caryophyllata in various botanical sources. This page contains potential references in Ayurveda, modern medicine, and other folk traditions or local practices It has the synonym Echites blumei Voigt (among others).

2) Jati is also identified with Aganosma dichotoma It has the synonym Echites dichotomus Roth.

3) Jati is also identified with Ficus infectoria.

4) Jati is also identified with Ficus lacor.

5) Jati is also identified with Ficus maxima It has the synonym Pharmacosycea glaucescens Liebm. (etc.).

6) Jati is also identified with Jasminum arborescens It has the synonym Jasminum arborescens Bojer (etc.).

7) Jati is also identified with Jasminum auriculatum.

8) Jati is also identified with Jasminum grandiflorum It has the synonym Jasminum officinale var. grandiflorum (L.) Stokes (etc.).

9) Jati is also identified with Jasminum officinale It has the synonym Jasminum officinale f. affine (Royle ex Lindl.) Rehder (etc.).

10) Jati is also identified with Lepidium sativum It has the synonym Crucifera nasturtium E.H.L. Krause (etc.).

11) Jati is also identified with Tectona grandis It has the synonym Jatus grandis (L.f.) Kuntze (etc.).

12) Jati is also identified with Ziziphus jujuba It has the synonym Ziziphus sativa Gaertner (etc.).

Example references for further research on medicinal uses or toxicity (see latin names for full list):

· Chromosoma (1977)
· Taxon
· Prodromus Stirpium in Horto ad Chapel Allerton vigentium (1796)
· Taxon (1982)
· Hortus Bengalensis, or 鈥榓 Catalogue of the Plants Growing in the Hounourable East India Company's Botanical Garden at Calcutta鈥� (1814)
· Flora Hongkongensis (1861)

If you are looking for specific details regarding Jati, for example pregnancy safety, side effects, chemical composition, health benefits, extract dosage, diet and recipes, have a look at these references.

context information

This sections includes definitions from the five kingdoms of living things: Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists and Monera. It will include both the official binomial nomenclature (scientific names usually in Latin) as well as regional spellings and variants.

Languages of India and abroad

Pali-English dictionary

: BuddhaSasana: Concise Pali-English Dictionary

箩腻迟颈 : (f.) birth; rebirth; race; nation; genealogy; a sort of; a kind of.

: Sutta: The Pali Text Society's Pali-English Dictionary

1) 闯腻迟颈, (f.) (see janati & cp. Gr. gene维, g苇nesis; Lat. gens; Goth. kind-ins).鈥擨nstr. 箩腻迟颈y膩 (Sn. 423) & jacc膩 (D. II, 8; J. III, 395; Dh. 393); Abl. 箩腻迟颈y膩 (S. I, 88) & 箩腻迟颈to (by descent: D. II, 8); Loc. 箩腻迟颈ya峁� (PvA. 10) & 箩腻迟颈y膩 (PvA. 78).鈥�1. birth, rebirth, possibility of rebirth, 鈥渇uture life鈥� as disposition to be born again, 鈥渇ormer life鈥� as cause of this life. Defined (cp. the corresp. explanation of jar膩) as: y膩 tesa峁� tesa峁� sattana峁� tamhi tamhi satta-nik膩ye 箩腻迟颈 sa帽箩腻迟颈 okkanti abhinibbatti khandh膩na峁� p膩tubh膩vo 膩yata峁嚹乶a峁� pa峁璱l膩bho D. II, 305 =S. II, 3=Nd² 257.鈥敶衬宄倬� is a condition precedent of age, sickness & death, and is fraught with sorrow, pain & disappointment. It is itself the final outcome of a kamma, resting on avijj膩, performed in anterior births; & forms thus the concluding link in the chain of the Pa峁璱cca-samupp膩da. Under the first aspect it is enumerated in various formul忙, either in full or abbreviated (see Nd² 258), viz, (a) as (1) 箩腻迟颈, (2) jar膩, (3) vy膩dhi, (4) mara峁嘺, (5) sokaparidevadukkhadomanass鈥檜p膩y膩sa in the dukkha峁� ariyasacca峁� (the noble truth of what is misfortune) Vin. I, 10; A. I, 176; III, 416; 掳dhamma destined to be born, etc. M. I, 161 sq. , 173;鈥� A. V, 216; Nd² 258, 304, 630, etc., in var. connections (referring to some dukkha).鈥�(b) as Nos. 1鈥�4: Nd² 254, 494^b; J. I, 168, etc.鈥�(c) as Nos. 1, 2, 4 (the standard quotation, implying the whole series 1鈥�5): S. V, 224; A. V, 144; 箩腻迟颈paccay膩 箩补谤腻尘补谤补峁嘺峁� Vin. I, 1; D. II, 31, 57, etc.; 掳ika A. II, 11, 173; 掳墨ya M. I, 280; Nd² 40.鈥�(d) to this is sometimes added (as summing up) sa峁僺膩ra: Nd² 282^f; cp. kiccha峁� loko 膩panno j膩yati ca j墨yati ca m墨yati ca cavati ca uppajjati ca D. II, 30.鈥�(e) as Nos. 1+4: pa丑墨苍补-箩腻迟颈mara峁嘺 (adj.) (=free from life & death, i.e. 蝉补峁僺腻谤补) A. I, 162; 掳bhayassa p膩raga A. II, 15; 掳kovida Sn. 484; at膩ri 掳峁� asesa峁� Sn. 355 (cp. 500); 掳assa p膩raga Sn. 32.鈥�(f)=e+sa峁僺膩ra (cp. d): 蝉补迟迟腻 gacchanti sa峁僺膩ra峁� 箩腻迟颈mara峁嘺g膩mino A. II, 12=52; 箩腻迟颈mara峁嘺sa峁僺膩ra峁� ye vajanti punappuna峁� ... avijj膩y鈥檈va s膩 gati Sn. 729.鈥�(g) as Nos. 1+2, which implies the whole series: at膩ri so 箩腻迟颈jara峁� A. I, 133= Sn. 1048; 箩腻迟颈jar鈥檜paga Sn. 725=It. 106; sa峁儁ojana峁� 箩腻迟颈jar膩ya chetv膩 It. 42;鈥� Sn. 1052, 1060; Dh. 238, 348; cp. 箩腻迟颈 膩din膩 ni丑墨苍补 PvA. 198.鈥擮ther phrases & applications: Various rebirths are seen by one who has perfect insight into all happening & remembers his former existences (D. I, 81; III, 50; A. I, 164; M. II, 20). Arahantship implies the impossibility of a future rebirth: see formula kh墨峁嚹� 箩腻迟颈 (M. I, 139; Sn. p. 16, etc.) and arahant II. A: 箩腻迟颈y膩 parimuccati S. I, 88; 箩腻迟颈峁� bhabbo pah膩tu峁� A. V, 144 sq.鈥攁ntim膩 箩腻迟颈 the last rebirth D. II, 15 (cp. carima); purim膩 j. a former existence PvA. 1; a迟墨ta箩腻迟颈ya峁� in a former life (=pure) PvA. 10. On 箩腻迟颈 as dukkha see Vism. 498鈥�501. 鈥�-鈥� 2. descent, race, rank, genealogy (cp. fu萎, genus), often combined w. gotta. Two grades of descent are enumerated at Vin. IV, 6 as h墨n膩 箩腻迟颈 (low birth), consisting of Cand膩岣穉, Ve峁嘺, Nes膩da, Rathak膩ra & Pukkusa; and 耻办办补峁�峁�丑腻 j. (superior birth), comprising Khattiyas & Br膩hma峁嘺s.鈥擳丑别 var. meanings of 箩腻迟颈 are given by Bdhgh at Vism. 498, 499 in the foll. classification (with examples) bhava, nik膩ya, sa峁卥hata-lakkha峁嘺, pa峁璱sandhi, pas奴ti, kula, ariya-s墨la.鈥擪i峁� hi 箩腻迟颈 karissati? What difference makes his parentage? D. I, 121; 箩腻迟颈-r膩j膩no kings of birth, genuine kings J. I, 338; na na峁� 箩腻迟颈 niv膩resi brahmalok鈥櫭籶apattiy膩 Sn. 139; 箩腻迟颈峁� akkh膩hi tell me the rank of his father & mother Sn. 421, 1004; cp. 462; na jacc膩 vasalo hoti Sn. 136; 142; id. w. br膩hma峁噊 Sn. 650; with 苍腻尘补 & gotta in the description of a man 箩腻迟颈y膩 n膩mena gottena, etc. Vin. IV, 6; 箩腻迟颈to 苍腻尘补to gottato by descent, personal & family name D ii. 8; cp. 箩腻迟颈 - gotta - kula J ii. 3. See also j.鈥敱鼓寤宀�.鈥�3. a sort of, kind of (cp. 箩腻迟补 3): catu箩腻迟颈gandha four kinds of scent J. I, 265; II, 291. 鈥�-鈥� 4. (箩腻迟颈掳) by (mere) birth or nature, natural (opp. artificial); or genuine, pure, excellent (opp. adulterated, inferior), cp. 箩腻迟补 1 (b): in cpds. , like 掳ma峁噄, 掳v墨峁嚹�, etc.

2) 闯补峁璱n, one who wears a 箩补峁���, an ascetic Sn. 689; f. 鈥攊苍墨 J. VI, 555. (Page 277)

[Pali to Burmese]

: Sutta: Tipi峁璦ka P膩岣穒-Myanmar Dictionary (醼愥��醼曖��醼嬦��-醼曖��醼犪��醼欋�坚�斸�横�欋�� 醼♂�樶��醼撫��醼斸��)

1) 箩补峁�墨鈥�

(Burmese text): 醼嗎�夺��醼会�呩�横�涐�踞��醼炨�贬��醽� 醼炨�搬亰 醼涐�炨�贬�丰亱

(Auto-Translation): He has curly hair and is charming.

2) 箩腻迟颈鈥�

(Burmese text): (醽�) 醼栣�坚�呩�横�佱�坚�勧�横�羔亱 (醼�) 醼欋�结�贬�羔�栣�结��醼羔�佱�坚�勧�横�羔亱 (醼�) 醼曖�贬��醼�醼横�涐�贬��醼�醼横�佱�坚�勧�横�羔亱 (醼�) 醼栣�坚�呩�横�欋�踞��醼メ�曖��醼掅�横亰 醼涐��醼曖��,醼斸��醼欋�横�佱�斸�贯�撫��醼愥��醼�醼丰亸 醼栣�坚�呩�横�欋�踞�� 醼メ�曖��醼掅�横�熱�搬�炨�贬��-醼欋�踞�愥�横��醼坚�贬��醼勧�横��-醼溼��醼贯�佱�忈��醽� (醽�) 醼囜��醼愥�横亰 醼♂�欋�会��醼�醼羔�♂�呩��醽� (醽�) 醼囜��醼愥�横亰 醼囜��醼愥�横�炨��醼愥�横亰 醼愥�搬�娽��醼欋�踞�� 醼♂�佱�坚�勧�横�羔�♂�涐��醽� 醼欋��醼结�册�曖�坚��醼羔�炨�贬�� 醼♂�炨��醼夅��醼忈��,醼炨�掅�贯�掅��醼愥��醼�醼丰亸-醼栣�坚�呩�横��醼坚�贬��醼勧�横��-醼栣�坚�呩�横�涐��-醼炨�樶�贬��醼愥�涐��醼羔亱 (醽�) 醼樶�濁亰 醼♂�愥�贯�愥�樶�贬��醽� 醼曖�嬦��醼炨�斸�贯�撫��,醼呩��醼愥��醼愥��醼�醼丰�栣�坚�勧�丰�� 醼曖��醼�醼勧�横�羔�佱�坚��醼羔�♂�曖�横�炨�贬�� 醼佱�斸�贯�撫��醼♂�呩�夅�横亱 (醽�) 醼♂��醼坚�贬��醼勧�横�羔亰 醼♂��醼坚�贬��醼勧�横�羔�愥�涐��醼羔亱 (醽�) (醼�) 醼栣�坚�呩�横�涐��醼屷��醼斸亱 (醼�) 醼欋�结�贬�羔�栣�结��醼羔�涐��醼♂�涐�曖�横亱 (醼�) 醼メ�曖�曖�愥�贯�愥��醼樶��-醼曖�嬦��醼炨�斸�贯�撫�贬�佱�斸�贯�撫��-醽� 醼栣�坚�呩�横�涐��醼♂�佱��醽� (醼�) 醼欋�结�贬�羔�栣�结��醼羔�涐��醼♂�佱��醽� (醽�) 醼曖�嬦��醼炨�斸�贯�撫�贬亰 醼曖�嬦��醼炨�斸�贯�撫�贬�斸�贬�佱�坚�勧�横�羔亰 醼愥�呩�横�佱��醼炨�贬��醼樶�濁亴 醼涐��醼曖��,醼斸��醼欋�横�佱�斸�贯�撫��醼愥��醼�醼丰亸 醼涐�踞�贬�羔�︶�羔�呩�结��醼栣�坚�呩�横�佱�坚�勧�横�羔亱 (醽�) 醼炨�樶�贬��醽� (醼�) 醼曖�勧�横��醼�醼�醼氠��-醼曖�坚��醼愥�贬��-醼炨�樶�贬��醽� (醼�) 醼愥�涐��醼羔�炨�樶�贬��醽� (醽�) 醼♂�戓�搬�羔亱 (醽佱��) 醼傖��醼�醼忈�横�羔亰 醼♂�曖�贬��醼勧�横�羔亰 醼♂��醼会�勧�丰��,醼♂�斸�结�氠�� 醼愥�搬�炨�搬�愥��醼�醼丰亸 醼♂�曖�贬��醼勧�横�羔亱 (醽佱亖) 醼♂�欋��醽� 醼欋��醼佱�勧�横亱 (醽佱亗) 醼♂�欋��醼濁�欋�横�羔亰 醼欋��醼佱�勧�横亸醼濁�欋�横�羔�愥��醼�醼�醼横亱 (醽佱亙) 醼♂��醼欋�横�佱�坚�夺亴 醼欋�结�贬�羔�栣�结��醼羔�炨�贬�� 醼炨�愥�贯�愥�濁��醽� 醼佱�坚�夺�曖�贬��醼�醼横�炨�愥�贯�愥�濁��醽� (醽佱亜) 醼戓��醼�醼斸�贬�丰亴 醼欋�结�贬�羔�栣�结��醼羔�炨�贬�� 醼炨�愥�贯�愥�濁��醽� 醼欋�结�贬�羔�栣�结��醼羔�� 醼炨�愥�贯�愥�濁��醽� (醽佱亝) 醼♂�溼��醼�醼溼��醼�醼栣�坚�呩�横�炨�贬��醽� 醼♂�溼�贬�丰�曖�贬��醼�醼横�栣�坚�呩�横�炨�贬�� (醼愥�贬��)醽� (醽佱亞) 醼欋�坚�愥�横�溼�贬�羔�曖�勧�横亰 醼欋�坚�愥�横�溼�贬�羔�曖�斸�横�羔亱 (醽佱亣) 醼炨��醼溼亰 醼♂�涐��醼氠�炨��醼溼亰 醼♂�涐��醼氠��醼♂�栣�坚�呩�横��醼�醼� 醼曖�坚��醼愥�愥�横�炨�贬�� 醼炨��醼溼亱 (醽佱亪) 醼呩��醼�醼羔�愥��醼夺�丰亰 醼愥��醼夺�丰�曖�坚�斸�横�佱�会�贬�栣�会��醼横�炨�贬�� 醼呩��醼�醼羔亱 (醽佱亯) 醼囜��醼愥��醼欋�娽�横�炨�贬�� (醼斸�愥��)醽� 醼囜��醼愥��醼樶�搬�欋��-(醽�)-醼�醼坚�娽�丰�横亱 醼囜��醼愥��醼炨�曖�贯�曖��醼佱��醼�-醼�醼坚�娽�丰�横亱 醼囜��醼愥��醼メ�忈�贯�忈��-(醽�)-醼�醼坚�娽�丰�横亱 醼囜��醼愥��醼氠��醼濁��-(醽�)-醼�醼坚�娽�丰�横亱 醼囜��醼愥��醼氠��醼濁��-(醽�)-醼�醼坚�娽�丰�横亱 醼囜��醼愥��醼斸��醼�-醼�醼坚�娽�丰�横亱

(Auto-Translation): (1) Existence. (a) Birth. (b) Arrival. (c) The state of existence, the characteristics of form and identity. (2) Origin, species. (3) The act of being, situations that are similar, non-differentiating consciousness and principles. (4) Life, identity, physical form and the nature of continuing separation. (5) Cause, rationale. (6) (a) Place of occurrence. (b) Place of birth. (c) Occurrence of existence of an evolutionary life-form. (d) Time of birth. (7) Evolution, the state of existing within one life-form in terms of form and identity. (8) Nature. (a) Core - inherent nature. (b) Universal nature. (9) Special. (10) Group, collective, the union of similar characteristics and lineage. (11) Mother. (12) Maternal womb, mother's womb. (13) Creatures born on premises, creatures born in the compound. (14) Creatures born on that day, newly born creatures. (15) Naturally occurring, ordinarily appearing (wild). (16) Precious leaves, precious flowers. (17) Virtue, ethical conduct that can manifest as moral behavior. (18) Response, words that counter or refute. (19) A deva of birth. Birth-land - (2) - look. Birth-sign - look. Birth-knowledge - (1) - look. Birth-appearance - (2) - look. Birth-appearance - (1) - look. Birth-name - look.

context information

Pali is the language of the Tipi峁璦ka, which is the sacred canon of Thera惫腻诲补 Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha鈥檚 speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.

Marathi-English dictionary

: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionary

ja岣嵞� (啶溹ぁ啷�).鈥攆 ( H) A root or a ramification. The word is commonly understood of a medicinal root. ja岣嵞� ruta峁嚹撫箖 g. of s. To take root, lit. fig., to become well fixed, settled, or established.

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j膩岣嵞� (啶溹ぞ啶∴��).鈥攆 Thickness, coarseness &c. See 箩腻岣峚 Sig. I. 2 A double yoke, a yoke consisting of one part above, one part underneath. It is the yoke of the beasts in advance of the thillers.

: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionary

箩补迟墨 (啶溹い啷�).鈥攎 (yati S) A religious mendicant of one jaina sect.

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箩腻迟颈 (啶溹ぞ啶むた).鈥攆 (S) Kind, sort, species, class. 2 Lineage, race, family, tribe. 3 In arithmetic. Assimilation.

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箩腻迟墨 (啶溹ぞ啶む��).鈥攆 S Jessamine,--the plant or its flower.

: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-English

ja岣嵞� (啶溹ぁ啷�).鈥�f A root or a ramification. ja岣嵞� ruta峁嚹撫箖 To take root, lit. fig., become well fixed, settled, or established.

: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-English

箩补迟墨 (啶溹い啷�).鈥�m A religious mendicant of the jaita sect.

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箩腻迟颈 (啶溹ぞ啶むた).鈥�f Kind, sort, species, class. Line- age, race.

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箩腻迟墨 (啶溹ぞ啶む��).鈥�

context information

Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.

Sanskrit dictionary

: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary

闯补峁璱 (啶溹�熰��) or 闯补峁��� (啶溹�熰��).鈥�f. [箩补峁�-颈苍]

1) The (Indian) fig-tree.

2) Clotted hair.

3) An assemblage, multitude.

Derivable forms: 箩补峁璱岣� (啶溹�熰た啶�).

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闯腻迟颈 (啶溹ぞ啶むた).鈥�f. [jan-ktin]

1) Birth, production, 啶膏�權�嵿�曕�佮げ啶� 啶溹げ啶溹ぞ啶むた啶�啶苦�� (sa峁卥ula峁� jala箩腻迟颈bhi岣�) R膩m.3.11.6; 笔补帽肠补迟补苍迟谤补 (Bombay) 1.38; Manusm峁泃i 2.148; also 'the time of birth'; cf. 啶溹ぞ啶む�� 啶�啶距げ啷嵿く啷� 啶� 啶曕�屶ぎ啶距ぐ啷� 啶�啷屶さ啶ㄠ�� 啶氞ぞ啶�啶� 啶�啶距え啶掂ぞ啶� (箩腻迟补u b膩lye ca kaum膩re yauvane c膩pi m膩nav膩岣�) 惭补丑腻产丑腻谤补迟补 (Bombay) 12.158.11.

2) The form of existence fixed by birth.

3) Race, family, lineage, rank.

4) A caste, tribe or class (of men); 啶呧ぐ啷� 啶�啷傕�� 啶溹ぞ啶む�嵿く啶� 啶氞�囙う啶掂ぇ啷嵿く啷嬥そ啶灌�� 啶忇し啶� 啶膏ぞ 啶溹ぞ啶むた啶� 啶�啶班た啶む�嵿く啶曕�嵿い啶� (are m奴岣峢a 箩腻迟测腻 cedavadhyo'ha峁� e峁Ｄ� s膩 箩腻迟颈岣� parityakt膩) Ve.3; (the primary castes of the Hindus are only four :-br膩hma峁嘺, k峁�atriya, vai艣ya and 艣奴诲谤补).

5) A class, genus, kind, species; 啶�啶多�佮�溹ぞ啶むた啶�, 啶�啷佮し啷嵿お啶溹ぞ啶むた啶� (pa艣u箩腻迟颈岣�, 辫耻峁�p补箩腻迟颈岣�) &c.

6) The properties which are peculiar to a class and distinguish it from all others, the essential characteristics of a species; as 啶椸�嬥い啷嵿��, 啶呧ざ啷嵿さ啶む�嵿�� (gotva, a艣vatva) of cows, horses &c; see 啶椸�佮��, 啶曕�嵿ぐ啶苦く啶� (gu峁嘺, 办谤颈测腻) and 啶︵�嵿ぐ啶掂�嵿く (dravya); 啶溹ぞ啶むた啶曕�嵿ぐ啶苦く啶距�椸�佮ぃ啷堗�� (箩腻迟颈办谤颈测腻gu峁嘺i岣�) 艢i艣up膩lavadha 2.47; and cf. K. P.2.

7) A fire-place.

8) Nutmeg.

9) The Jasmine plant or its flower; 啶ㄠぞ啶椸お啷佮え啷嵿え啶距�椸�溹ぞ啶むた啶�啶苦�� (n膩gapunn膩ga箩腻迟颈bhi岣�) Bh膩gavata 8.2.18; 啶�啷佮し啷嵿お啶距ぃ啶距�� 啶�啷嵿ぐ啶曕ぐ啶� 啶膏�嵿ぎ啶苦い啷囙�� 啶班�氞た啶む�� 啶ㄠ�� 啶曕�佮え啷嵿う啶溹ぞ啶む�嵿く啶距う啶苦き啶苦�� (pu峁�p膩峁嚹佱箖 prakara岣� smitena racito no kunda箩腻迟测腻dibhi岣�) Amaru艣ataka 4 (written also as 箩腻迟墨 in the last two senses).

1) (In Ny膩ya) Futile answer.

11) (In music) The seven primary notes of the Indian gamut; 啶溹ぞ啶むた啶�啶苦�� 啶膏お啷嵿い啶�啶苦ぐ啷嵿く啷佮�曕�嵿い啶� 啶むえ啷嵿い啷嵿ぐ啷�啶侧く啶膏ぎ啶ㄠ�嵿さ啶苦い啶�啷� (箩腻迟颈bhi岣� saptabhiryukta峁� tantr墨layasamanvitam) 搁腻尘.1.4.8.

12) Reduction of fractions to a common denominator.

13) False generalization.

14) A figure of speech (in rhetoric) which consists in so arranging words that they may read the same in Sansk峁泃 as well as in Pr膩办峁泃补 (sa峁僺办峁泃补pr膩办峁泃补yo岣� sam膩 箩腻迟颈岣�); cf. Vb.1.3.

15) A class of metres; see App.

Derivable forms: 箩腻迟颈岣� (啶溹ぞ啶むた啶�).

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闯腻迟墨 (啶溹ぞ啶む��).鈥擳丑别 jasmine plant (尘腻濒补迟墨).

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闯补峁璱n (啶溹�熰た啶ㄠ��).鈥�(-苍墨 f.) a. [箩补峁��� astyasya ini] Having twisted hair. -m.

1) An epithet of 艢iva.

2) The waved-leaf fig-tree (辫濒补办峁�a)

3) An elephant sixty years old.

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary

闯腻迟颈 (啶溹ぞ啶むた).鈥�(1) as in Sanskrit, kind, sort, but with forms of nt. gender: t膩ni sarv膩峁噄 pr膩峁嘺ka-箩腻迟墨ni 惭补丑腻惫补蝉迟耻 ii.95.10 (prose), all those kinds of living beings; (pr膩峁嘺ka箩腻迟墨yo 14, but then, in same sentence) t膩ni sthalacar膩峁噄 pr膩峁嘺ka箩腻迟墨ni (v.l. 掳t膩ni) 15; compare, in ii.132.17, eka峁� (so mss.) pi 箩腻迟颈峁� duve pi 箩腻迟颈峁� (mss.) trayo pi 箩腻迟颈峁� (mss.), etc.; (2) f., age (compare -箩腻迟墨ya): daharo 'ham asmi鈥β崮宄俨饽� 厂补诲诲丑补谤尘补辫耻峁囜笉补谤墨办补 318.2 (prose), I am young in age (lit., perhaps, by birth); (3) (as in Pali, e.g. 箩腻迟颈-v墨峁嚹� J膩taka (Pali) ii.249.24, noble lute; and like Sanskrit kula-) at beginning of [compound], characterized by nobility; noble, excellent: j膩ty-utpal膩timuktai艣 ca 厂补诲诲丑补谤尘补辫耻峁囜笉补谤墨办补 342.8 (verse), with excellent water-lilies and atimukta-flowers (Burnouf and Kern translation(s) have different readings for the last word).

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary

闯补峁璱 (啶溹�熰��).鈥攆.

(-峁璱岣�) 1. Waved-leaf fig tree, (F. venosa:) see 箩补峁璱苍. 2. Assemblage, multitude. 3. Clotted hair: see 箩补峁���. E. 箩补峁� to collect, affix in.

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闯补峁��� (啶溹�熰��).鈥攆. (-峁���) Waved-leaf fig tree: see 箩补峁璱. E. 箩补峁� to entangle, i Unadi affix, and 峁吥�峁� added.

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闯腻迟颈 (啶溹ぞ啶むた).鈥攆.

(-迟颈岣�) 1. Kind, sort, species, class, tribe. 2. Birth, production. 3. Lineage, race, family. 4. A fire-place, a chimney. 5. Emblic myrobalan, (Phyllanthus emblica.) 6. A plant: see 办腻尘辫颈濒濒补. 7. A kind of poetical metre. 8. A rhetorical ornament. 9. (In Arithmetic,) Assimilation, as vi艣e峁�a箩腻迟颈 assimilation of the difference, 艣e峁�a箩腻迟颈 of the remainder. 10. Proximate cause or occurance of disease, &c. f. (-迟颈岣� or -迟墨) 1. Great flowered jasmin, (J. grandiflorum.) 2. Mace, nutmeg. f.

(-迟颈岣�) The flower of the jasmin. E. jan to be born, affix ktin and occasionally 峁吥�峁２� added.

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闯补峁璱n (啶溹�熰た啶ㄠ��).鈥攎fn. (-峁���-峁璱苍墨-峁璱) Having clotted hair, m. (-峁���) Waved-leaf fig tree: see 箩补峁璱. E. 箩补峁��� as above, and ini aff.

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary

闯腻迟颈 (啶溹ぞ啶むた).鈥攊. e. jan + ti, f. 1. Birth, [惭腻苍补惫补诲丑补谤尘补艣腻蝉迟谤补] 2, 148. 2. Existence, life, [惭腻苍补惫补诲丑补谤尘补艣腻蝉迟谤补] 4, 148. 3. State, [惭腻苍补惫补诲丑补谤尘补艣腻蝉迟谤补] 3, 15. 4. Tribe, [惭腻苍补惫补诲丑补谤尘补艣腻蝉迟谤补] 1, 118. 5. Kind, genus, 惭补丑腻产丑腻谤补迟补 4, 45; [笔补帽肠补迟补苍迟谤补] 203, 3. 6. Species, [惭腻苍补惫补诲丑补谤尘补艣腻蝉迟谤补] 1, 48. 7. Also 箩腻迟墨 箩腻迟墨, Great flowered jasmine, [Hariv补峁兣沘, (ed. Calc.)] 7891. 箩腻迟墨 箩腻迟墨, also The nutmeg-tree, [厂耻艣谤耻迟补] 1, 132, 20; nutmeg.

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闯腻迟墨 (啶溹ぞ啶む��).鈥攕ee 箩腻迟颈 7.

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闯补峁璱n (啶溹�熰た啶ㄠ��).鈥攊. e. 箩补峁��� + in, adj. Wearing matted hair, [惭腻苍补惫补诲丑补谤尘补艣腻蝉迟谤补] 11, 92.

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) 闯腻迟颈 (啶溹ぞ啶むた).鈥�(箩腻迟墨) [feminine] birth, origin, new birth, form of existence, position, rank, caste, family, race, kind, sort, genus, genuine or true state of anything; a kind of jasmine. 掳鈥�, 箩腻迟测腻 & 箩腻迟颈tas by birth or nature, from the beginning.

2) 闯补峁璱n (啶溹�熰た啶ㄠ��).鈥擺adjective] the same; [masculine] an ascetic or 艢iva.

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) 闯补峁��� (啶溹�熰��):鈥擺from 箩补峁璦] f. Nardostachys Ja峁�膩m膩峁僺墨, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasi峁僪a, hal膩yudha, hemacandra, etc.]

2) [v.s. ...] (= 峁璱) the waved-leaf fig-tree, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasi峁僪a, hal膩yudha, hemacandra, etc.]

3) [v.s. ...] cf. tri-, 尘补丑腻-, vi-

4) [v.s. ...] k峁涐梗峁嘺-箩补峁���

5) 闯补峁璱 (啶溹�熰��):鈥擺from 箩补峁璦] f. twisted hair, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasi峁僪a, hal膩yudha, hemacandra, etc.]

6) [v.s. ...] a mass, multitude, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasi峁僪a, hal膩yudha, hemacandra, etc.]

7) [v.s. ...] Ficus infectoria, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasi峁僪a, hal膩yudha, hemacandra, etc.]

8) 闯腻迟颈 (啶溹ぞ啶むた):鈥擺from 箩腻迟补] f. birth, production, [Aitareya-br膩hma峁嘺 ii, 39; Manu-sm峁泃i; 惭补丑腻产丑腻谤补迟补] (also 迟墨, [xiii f.]) etc.

9) [v.s. ...] re-birth, [R膩m膩ya峁嘺 i, 62, 17; K膩ra峁囜笉a-vy奴ha xxiii, 193]

10) [v.s. ...] the form of existence (as man, animal, etc.) fixed by birth, [Manu-sm峁泃i iv, 148 f.; Yoga-s奴tra ii, 13]

11) [v.s. ...] (ifc.), [Kath膩sarits膩gara xviii, 98]

12) [v.s. ...] position assigned by birth, rank, caste, family, race, lineage, [K膩ty膩yana-艣rauta-s奴tra xv; Manu-sm峁泃i; Y膩j帽avalkya] etc. (迟墨, [惭补丑腻产丑腻谤补迟补 xiv, 2549])

13) [v.s. ...] kind, genus (opposed to species), species (opposed to individual), class, [L膩峁瓂膩yana; K膩ty膩yana-艣rauta-s奴tra; P膩峁噄ni] etc., (once 迟墨 ifc. [惭补丑腻产丑腻谤补迟补 vi, 456])

14) [v.s. ...] the generic properties (opposed to the specific ones), [Sarvadar艣ana-sa峁僩raha]

15) [v.s. ...] natural disposition to, [Caraka ii, 1]

16) [v.s. ...] the character of a species, genuine or true state of anything, [Y膩j帽avalkya ii, 246; 惭补丑腻产丑腻谤补迟补 xii, 5334]

17) [v.s. ...] reduction of fractions to a common denominator

18) [v.s. ...] a self-confuting reply (founded merely on similarity or dissimilarity), [Ny膩ya v, 1 ff.; Sarvadar艣ana-sa峁僩raha xi, 10 and 34; Prabodha-candrodaya [Scholiast or Commentator]]

19) [v.s. ...] (in [rhetoric]) a particular figure of speech, [Sarasva迟墨-ka峁囜弓h膩bhara峁嘺, by Bhoja ii, 1]

20) [v.s. ...] a class of metres, [R膩m膩ya峁嘺 i, 4, 6; K膩vy膩dar艣a i, 11]

21) [v.s. ...] a manner of singing, [Hariv补峁兣沘]

22) [v.s. ...] a fire-place, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasi峁僪a, hal膩yudha, hemacandra, etc.]

23) [v.s. ...] (= 迟墨) mace, nutmeg, [厂耻艣谤耻迟补]

24) [v.s. ...] Jasminum grandiflorum, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasi峁僪a, hal膩yudha, hemacandra, etc.]

25) [v.s. ...] = 迟墨-phal膩, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasi峁僪a, hal膩yudha, hemacandra, etc.]

26) [v.s. ...] = kampilla, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasi峁僪a, hal膩yudha, hemacandra, etc.] cf. antya-, eka-, dvi- -

27) [v.s. ...] cf. [Latin] gens; [Lithuanian] pri-gentis

28) 闯腻迟墨 (啶溹ぞ啶む��):鈥擺from 箩腻迟补] f. = ti q.v.

29) [v.s. ...] Jasminum grandiflorum, [Hariv补峁兣沘 7891; Bhart峁沨ari; Bh膩gavata-pur膩峁嘺 x; Amaru-艣ataka]

30) [v.s. ...] mace, nutmeg, [厂耻艣谤耻迟补; Var膩ha-mihira鈥檚 B峁沨at-sa峁僪it膩]

--- OR ---

1) 闯补峁璱n (啶溹�熰た啶ㄠ��):鈥擺from 箩补峁璦] mfn. = 迟腻-诲丑腻谤颈苍, [Manu-sm峁泃i xi, 93 and 129; Y膩j帽avalkya; 惭补丑腻产丑腻谤补迟补; Hariv补峁兣沘]

2) [v.s. ...] m. an ascetic, [Bhara峁璦ka-dv膩tri峁兣沬k膩]

3) [v.s. ...] 艢iva, [惭补丑腻产丑腻谤补迟补 vii, 2046 and 2858]

4) [v.s. ...] Name of one of Skanda鈥檚 attendants, ix, 2563

5) [v.s. ...] a Pratuda bird, [Caraka i, 27, 56]

6) [v.s. ...] an elephant 6o years old, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasi峁僪a, hal膩yudha, hemacandra, etc.]

7) [v.s. ...] Ficus infectoria, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasi峁僪a, hal膩yudha, hemacandra, etc.]

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Ja岣嵞� (啶溹ぁ啷�):鈥擺from 箩补岣峚] ind. for 岣峚

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) 闯补峁璱 (啶溹�熰��):鈥�(峁璱岣�) 2. f. Waved-leaf fig-tree; clotted hair; assemblage.

2) 闯补峁��� (啶溹�熰��):鈥�(峁���) 3. f. Waved-leaf fig-tree.

3) 闯腻迟颈 (啶溹ぞ啶むた):鈥�(迟颈岣�) 2. f. Birth; race; kind; caste; fire-place; myrobalan; jasmin; a poetical metre. m. f. (ti岣�-迟墨) Great jasmin; nutmeg.

4) 闯腻迟墨 (啶溹ぞ啶む��):鈥�(迟墨) 3. f. Great jasmin.

--- OR ---

闯补峁璱n (啶溹�熰た啶ㄠ��):鈥�(峁���) 5. m. Idem; having clotted hair, an ascetic.

: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)

闯补峁璱n (啶溹�熰た啶ㄠ��) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: 闯补岣峣, 闯补岣峣lla.

[Sanskrit to German]

context information

Sanskrit, also spelled 啶膏�傕じ啷嵿�曕�冟い啶�啷� (sa峁僺办峁泃补m), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.

Hindi dictionary

: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionary

Ja岣嵞� (啶溹ぁ啷�):鈥�(nf) a simple, medicinal root; -[产奴峁���] medicinal herbs, simples.

: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionary

1) 闯腻迟颈 (啶溹ぞ啶むた):鈥�(nf) caste; community; race; sect; genus; type; kind; breed; ~[gata] racial; communal, sectarian; ~[cyuta] expelled from the community; ~[tattva] ethnological content; •[vi箩帽腻苍补] ethnology; ~[dharma] generic property; caste-characteristic; conduct peculiar to a caste/community; -[辫腻峁僼颈] caste and community; -[产补丑颈峁�k腻谤补] ex-communication; -[bahi峁０灬箾t补] ex-communicated; -[产丑谤补峁ａ弓补] fallen from one鈥檚 caste/community; ~[惫腻肠补办补] ([蝉补峁僯帽腻]) common (noun); ~[惫腻诲补] casteism, racism/racialism; communalism; ~[vi箩帽腻苍补] ethnology; ethnography; raciology; ~[丑墨苍补] belonging to a low-caste; —[se nik膩lan膩] to excommunicate.

2) 闯腻迟墨 (啶溹ぞ啶む��):鈥�(a) personal, individual; —[taura para] personally, personally speaking.

context information

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Prakrit-English dictionary

: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary

闯补岣峣 (啶溹ぁ啶�) in the Prakrit language is related to the Sanskrit word: 闯补峁璱n.

context information

Prakrit is an ancient language closely associated with both Pali and Sanskrit. Jain literature is often composed in this language or sub-dialects, such as the Agamas and their commentaries which are written in Ardhamagadhi and Maharashtri Prakrit. The earliest extant texts can be dated to as early as the 4th century BCE although core portions might be older.

Kannada-English dictionary

: Alar: Kannada-English corpus

闯补峁璱 (嗖溹矡嗖�):鈥擺noun] a woman with long, matted (or braided) hair.

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闯补峁璱 (嗖溹矡嗖�):鈥�

1) [noun] a man with long, matted (or braided) hair.

2) [noun] a religious ascetic leading a life of contemplation and rigorous self-denial.

3) [noun] 艢iva.

4) [noun] any of the fig trees the branches of which take root, as banyan tree.

--- OR ---

闯补峁璱 (嗖溹矡嗖�):鈥擺noun] the ghost of a person who was killed in a war.

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Jati (嗖溹菠嗖�):鈥�

1) [noun] a man leading ascetic life in an attempt to find the philosophic truth behind the universe; an ascetic.

2) [noun] (mus.) a short break at a particular place in the course of singing or playing a musical composition; a pause.

3) [noun] a harmonious and rhythmical musical composition, chiefly made of musical notes, used in dance.

4) [noun] (pros.) a break or suspension, as a caesura, in a line of verse; a pause.

--- OR ---

Jati (嗖溹菠嗖�):鈥擺noun] a medicinal plant .

--- OR ---

闯腻迟颈 (嗖溹簿嗖む部):鈥�

1) [noun] the act or fact of coming into life or of being born; birth.

2) [noun] the family of one鈥檚 birth.

3) [noun] any of the distinct, hereditary Hindu social classes, each having its own privileges and limitations, and each traditionally, but no longer officially, excluded from social dealings with the others; a caste.

4) [noun] any of the different populations of human beings distinguished by physical traits such as hair, eyes, skin colour, body shape, etc.

5) [noun] a number of people or things grouped together because of certain likenesses or common traits; a class.

6) [noun] inborn character; innate disposition; inherent tendencies of a person.

7) [noun] superior quality or breed.

8) [noun] likeness; similarity.

9) [noun] the hard, aromatic seed of the tree Myristica fragrans of Myristiaceae family, used as a spice; nutmeg.

10) [noun] the creeper Jasminum grandiflorum (= j. officinale) of Oleaceae family.

11) [noun] its white, fragrant flower.

12) [noun] the small tree Phyllanthus emblica of Euphorbiaceae family.

13) [noun] the tree Cordia dichotoma (= C. myxa) of Boraginaceae family.

14) [noun] a fire-wood oven.

15) [noun] (log.) a reply or answer that serves no purpose; a useless answer.

16) [noun] (mus.) the set of seven notes.

17) [noun] (rhet.) a particular kind of figure of speech.

18) [noun] a symbol for the number eighteen.

: Alar: Kannada-English corpus

闯补岣峣 (嗖溹病嗖�):鈥�

1) [verb] to scold, reprove strongly.

2) [verb] to utter a sound.

--- OR ---

闯补岣峣 (嗖溹病嗖�):鈥�

1) [verb] to beat, hit or strike (usu. repeatedly and heavily); to batter.

2) [verb] to fill something in a relatively small space, using force.

3) [verb] to mix or cause to mingle together.

4) [verb] to spread oneself or pervade throughout or all over.

5) [verb] to wave, shake one鈥檚 hand weapon (as a sword) in menacing or challenging one鈥檚 opponent in a fight; to brandish.

6) [verb] to flow in a continuous flow (as water dropped from above).

7) [verb] to shake oneself; to shiver; to quiver.

8) [verb] to exert force on as to cause to move toward; to pull; to drag.

9) [verb] to sag down from one鈥檚 own weight.

10) [verb] to cause to tremble or quiver; to shake (something).

11) [verb] to fasten (with or as with a lock).

12) [verb] to impose (a burden, tax) on.

13) [verb] to have sexual intercourse; to copulate.

14) [verb] (fig.) to eat (said jokingly or derisively).

--- OR ---

闯补岣峣 (嗖溹病嗖�):鈥擺noun] a sharp reprimand; rebuke.

--- OR ---

闯补岣峣 (嗖溹病嗖�):鈥擺noun] the act of beating; battering.

--- OR ---

闯补岣峣 (嗖溹病嗖�):鈥�

1) [noun] a continuous drizzling of rain.

2) [noun] the fact of being covered with clouds; cloudiness.

--- OR ---

J膩岣峣 (嗖溹簿嗖∴部):鈥�

1) [noun] a large number of persons or things gathered, come in, brought together; a multitude; a crowd.

2) [noun] a sufficient or more than sufficient, supply; plentifulness; abundance.

--- OR ---

J膩岣峣 (嗖溹簿嗖∴部):鈥擺noun] a porcelain jar used as a kitchenware.

--- OR ---

J膩岣峣 (嗖溹簿嗖∴部):鈥擺noun] = 嗖溹簿嗖∴硢 [jade]2.

--- OR ---

J膩岣峣 (嗖溹簿嗖∴部):鈥�

1) [noun] a thick blanket.

2) [noun] a rough, thick cloth.

--- OR ---

J膩岣峣 (嗖溹簿嗖∴部):鈥擺adjective] weak, feeble, infirm, etc. from or as from old age.

--- OR ---

J膩di (嗖溹簿嗖︵部):鈥�

1) [noun] the creeper Jasminum grandiflorum (= j. officinale) of Oleaceae family.

2) [noun] its white, fragrant flower.

3) [noun] the medium-sized, evergreen tree Myristica fragrans of Myristiaceae family.

4) [noun] its hard, aromatic seed, which is used as a spice and whose covering yields the spice mace; nutmeg.

context information

Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.

Tamil dictionary

: DDSA: University of Madras: Tamil Lexicon

Jati (喈溹�む��) noun perhaps from yati. (N膩峁瓂a.) Movement of feet in conformity with 迟腻岣穉尘; 喈ㄠ�距疅喁嵿疅喈� 喈�喈む瘝喈む�苦�侧�� 喈む�距�赤�む瘝喈む�苦�编瘝喈曕瘒喈编瘝喈�喈曕瘝 喈曕�距�侧疅喈苦�掂瘓喈曕瘝喈曕��. [natti yathil thalathirkerpag kaladivaikkai.]

--- OR ---

J膩峁璱 (喈溹�距疅喈�) [箩腻峁璱迟迟补濒] 11 transitive verb < Telugu 箩腻岣峣苍迟蝉耻. To chide; 喈曕�｀瘝喈熰�苦�む瘝喈む瘉喈曕�� 喈曕瘋喈编瘉喈む�侧��. [kandithug kuruthal.]

--- OR ---

J膩峁璱 (喈溹�距疅喈�) noun < Hindustain 箩丑腻谤墨. Jar, large bottle. See 喈氞�距疅喈柯� [蝉补诲颈鲁], 1.

--- OR ---

J膩峁璱 (喈溹�距疅喈�) noun < Hindustain 箩丑腻岣岛. A kind of broom for sweeping streets, etc.; 喈む瘑喈班瘉喈掂�苦�编瘝 喈曕瘉喈�喁嵿��喁� 喈�喁嗋�班瘉喈曕瘝喈曕瘉喈權瘝 喈曕�班瘉喈掂��. [theruvir kuppai perukkung karuvi.]

--- OR ---

闯腻迟颈 (喈溹�距�む��) noun < 箩腻迟颈. See 喈氞�距�む�库��. [蝉补迟丑颈鈦�.] 喈溹�距�む�� 喈溹�距�む�苦��喈距�� . . . 喈�喈熰瘝喈氞�苦畷喈赤瘓喈�喁佮��喁� 喈氞�苦�班瘉喈粪瘝喈熰�苦�む瘝喈む�距�班瘝 [jathi jathiyana . . . padsigalaiyum sirushdithar] (喈掂�苦�掂�苦�侧�苦��喈ㄠ瘋喈侧�� 喈嗋�む�苦��喈�. [viviliyanul athiya.] 1, 21).

context information

Tamil is an ancient language of India from the Dravidian family spoken by roughly 250 million people mainly in southern India and Sri Lanka.

Nepali dictionary

: unoes: Nepali-English Dictionary

1) 闯补峁��� (啶溹�熰��):鈥攁dj. wearing tangled hair;

2) Jati (啶溹い啶�):鈥攁dj. as much as; as many as; however much/many; adj. as much as; adv. how-so-ever;

3) 闯腻迟颈 (啶溹ぞ啶むた):鈥攏. 1. community; tribe; nationality; 2. kind; race; genus; species; variety; 3. jasmine; identity; generic property;

4) 闯腻迟墨 (啶溹ぞ啶む��):鈥攁dj. 1. good; right; benevolent; 2. departed; 3. travelling;

: unoes: Nepali-English Dictionary

Ja岣嵞� (啶溹ぁ啷�):鈥攏. 1. medicinal herb; 2. essential thing; basic aspect;

context information

Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.

See also (Relevant definitions)

Partial matches: Ti, I, Jada, Anna.

Starts with (+23): Jaccandha, Jagu, Jati bengani, Jati Sutta, Jati-bansh, Jati-jai, Jati-malkathi, Jatibandhana, Jatibel, Jatibhaj, Jatibhaya, Jatibhramshaka, Jatibhrashtate, Jatibhrashte, Jatibhumi, Jaticandrika, Jaticyuti, Jatidhamma, Jatidipaka, Jatidvesha.

Full-text (+1182): Jatiphala, Jatikosa, Ajati, Jatiya, Vijati, Vijatiya, Sajati, Dhurjati, Jaccandha, Upajati, Jatibhramsha, Abhijati, Jatismara, Dvijati, Ekajati, Svajati, Jatipatri, Jatihina, Jatirasa, Jativaira.

Relevant text

Search found 284 books and stories containing Jati, Jaadi, Jaathi, Jadhi, Ja岣嵞�, J膩岣嵞�, J膩di, 闯补岣峣, J膩岣峣, Jadi, Jana-ti, Jata-i, Ja峁���-墨, Jathi, 闯腻迟墨, 闯腻迟颈, 闯补峁���, 闯补迟墨, 闯补峁璱, J膩峁璱, 闯补峁璱n, Jatin; (plurals include: Jatis, Jaadis, Jaathis, Jadhis, Ja岣嵞玸, J膩岣嵞玸, J膩dis, 闯补岣峣s, J膩岣峣s, Jadis, tis, is, 墨s, Jathis, 闯腻迟墨s, 闯腻迟颈s, 闯补峁�墨s, 闯补迟墨s, 闯补峁璱s, J膩峁璱s, 闯补峁璱ns, Jatins). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:

Manusmriti with the Commentary of Medhatithi (by Ganganatha Jha)

Verse 4.148 < [Section XIV - Other Duties]

Verse 2.148 < [Section XXV - Meaning of the Title 鈥樐�c膩rya鈥橾

Verse 11.128 < [Section XIV - Expiation for the killing of a K峁�atriya, or a Vai艣ya or a 艢奴dra]

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Kohala in the Sanskrit textual tradition (Study) (by Padma Sugavanam)

Kohala and G墨t膩 (7): The concept of 闯腻迟颈 < [Chapter 2 - Kohala as seen in citations]

Kohala and G墨t膩 (3): The concept of Svara < [Chapter 2 - Kohala as seen in citations]

Part 3.4-5 - Structure and Contents of the T膩lalak峁�a峁嘺m < [Chapter 4 - Works attributed to Kohala]

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Natyashastra (English) (by Bharata-muni)

Chapter XXVIII - On the Instrumental Music (膩todya)

Part 2 - The Ancient Indian Theory and Practice of Music < [Introduction, Part 2]

Chapter XXIX - On Stringed Instruments (tata)

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Bihar and Eastern Uttar Pradesh (early history) (by Prakash Narayan)

Jati (status on account of birth) < [Chapter 4 - Social Process, Structures and Reformations]

High and Low strata in Buddhist texts < [Chapter 4 - Social Process, Structures and Reformations]

Social Stratification Based on Kula, Kamma and Sippa < [Chapter 4 - Social Process, Structures and Reformations]

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Informal Education of Sanskrit in Kerala (by Jayasree M.)

7. Community and Education in India < [Chapter 2 - Informal Education: Definitions and Agencies]

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Brahma Purana (critical study) (by Surabhi H. Trivedi)

2. Varna, Jati and Caste < [Social Structure]

28. The Custom of Sati < [Marriage, Family and Position of Women]

28. Sins and their retribution < [Religion]

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