Tilakamanjari of Dhanapala (study)
by Shri N. M. Kansara | 1970 | 228,453 words
This is an English study of the Tilakamanjari of Dhanapala, a Sanskrit poem written in the 11th century. Technically, the Tilaka-manjari is classified as a Gadyakavya (“prose-romance�). The author, Dhanapala was a court poet to the Paramara king Munja, who ruled the Kingdom of Malwa in ancient west-central India. Alternative titles: Dhanapāla Tila...
8. Description of Superstistions
A tacit acceptance of the hand of the unknown or mysterious influencing the course of human fate was a notable feature of popular beliefs of the times. Various traditional 145. TM(N),p.44(20) -- 1923:2918511-54 viraha duhkho dvegacca pravartetha yathasakti kusala- vaptisadhake karmani --- 146. ibid.,p.44(21ff.). 147. ibid.,p.312(18ff.). 148. ibid., p.58(19)/ 149. ibaap.15 (15ff.) dravyasya pradhanyam gunanamupa sarjana bhavah ... | =
628 practices, omens, dreams and other factors commanded easy credulity of the people. Thus, with a view to ensure male progeny the inmates of the royal harem of King Meghavahana resorted to various practices and vows, such as, avoiding 150 ornaments studded with diamonds, giving nice-shaped fresh+ 151 fruits to the relatives and Brahmins, consulting female friends who counted the lines under the thumb of the left 152 palm, asking children through servants about 'yes' or 'no', 153 7 Pundergoing bathing ceremonies as advised by experienced nuns. The courtezans were believed to be employing incantations for enticing their customers. Dreams were traditionally supposed to betoken future events. Thus, the dream of King Meghavahana augured the future birth of a son. The birth of Tilakamanjari 157 150. TM (N), p.64 (18ff.) analyagunopita mye tadosairapi vajramanibhirvajrjitam jatyaratnajata mabharana kalapa rpita kalayantibhih --- 1 151. ibid., p.64(20ff.) vakratadi dosa bandhyani sraddhapravanena cetasa jnatinam dvijatinam ca grhesu prasastaphalani prahinvantibhih-- 1 152. ibid.,p.64(2lff.) --1 laksanabhital ya grhi tavama karatala srestha mula - sthularekha samkhyana sukhi na muhurmuhuh srutena srutisukhena vacsa samayamana - mukhamrgana ka kih 153. ibid,p.64 (231£) prathamalapajighrksaya devyah putro bhavisyati na ceti samnidhaceva paricarikabhiranuyujyamana pragalbha sisunam bhitabhitana manasa, bacanamakarnayantibhih-- 1 154. ibid.,p. 65 (4ff.) -- drstapratyaya pratita parivraji ko padista nitya svapana - mahalani pravartayata suddhanta jarati janena sasvatkriyamana garbhagrhanopacarabhih putrakamyantibhirantahpura-kaminibhih --- 1 155. ibid.,p.9(21). 156. ibid.,p.64 (10£E.)- drsta subha svapna phalani ..| 157. ibid., P. 74 (5££) raja rajatagirisikhara madhirudhayah madiravatyah --- 1 stanyamapibantam svapne surend vahana varanamapasyat
629 158 was heralded by auspicious dreams. Similarly, the imminent union of Samaraketu with his long-separated friend Harivahana was indicated by a dream in which the former 159 saw a Parijata tree entangled with a creeper. Deep faith in omens aldo was widely prevalent.Good omens instantly augumented the confidence of a person especially when starting on a journey. Thus, horripilation and throbbing of the right eye of Samaraketu ensured him of the best of luck in his journey. 161 The throbbing of the right arm prognosticated the fulfilment of one's mi- 162. ssion. While putting the first step, a coincidence of the blare of a conch, neighing of horses, blowing of the the wind from the southern direction, and even rhythm of the 163 breath in the left nostril were also considered good omens. 158. TM (N), p. 168 (4ff) -- ati subha svapna suci tavalai TM(N),p.168(4ff.) namaghosa kanyaka ratnam-- 1 tilakamanjari- 159. ibid.,p.207 (182) svapne parijala drumamadrasit | pravrddha vibhavana samkhya saha samagama prapti macirabhavini niscaisit | 160. cf•_1bid.,p.244(14ff.) tatksanopani nabhi pretasakuna pragunita mano- vrttibhih-- 1 -- 161. 1b 1a.,p.210 (11) pratiksanam ca samsphurata daksinana caksusa bhuja sikharana ca dviguni kriyamana gama notsahah --- 1 162. ibid.,p.198(15) rabdha karya siddhih--- 1 spandamanena tatksana daksinena bhujadandena vyanjita- 163. ibid.,p.198(17ff.) -- caranapallavotksepa samakalamutthitena ekato yamarava rasite nanya to jayaturaa dvesitena janita harsah - prsthato daksina pavanene purato ya vamanasa purasvasanene saumya gatima satvaram pravartamanah param siva ke samsadbhirabhipreta satha kaih pradhana sakunaih --- 1
630 A pitcher full of water and probably smeared with five finger-marks made of flour or lime paste, was held auspicious, 164 and was, therefore, saluted while starting on a journey. Instantaneous throbbong of the left eye in the case of a 165 man made him apprehensive as it portended evil. 166. People often became desperate when they thought that their misfortunes were due to the inescapable effect of evil stars. Dhanapala has referred four times to the be prevalent belief in the efficacy of suicidal fall from an auspicious precipice of a mountain, as a guaranteed means of getting rid of their miseries of the present birth and securing happy fulfilment of one's desires in the next .167 one.