365bet娱乐

Summary: Information about Heavenly bodies (Stars, Planets etc.): The movement of the Polar Star.

S奴ta said:

1. That chariot is occupied and presided over by the Devas, 膧诲颈迟测补蝉, sages, Gandharvas, Divine damsels, 骋谤腻尘补峁嚹玸, Serpents and demons.^[1]

2-5a. These abide in the sun for the period of two months each in due order.^[2]

The following reside in the sun continuously in the months of Madhu and 惭腻诲丑补惫补 (Caitra and 痴补颈艣腻办丑补) viz. (gods) 顿丑腻迟峁� and Aryaman; (sages) Pulastya, Pulaha, the 笔谤补箩腻辫补迟颈; (serpents) 础颈谤腻惫补迟补, 痴腻蝉耻办颈, 碍补峁僺补, 叠丑墨尘补; 搁补迟丑补办峁泃, and Rathaujas鈥攖hese two are cited as 驰补办峁�a蝉; (Gandharvas) Tumburu, 狈腻谤补诲补; (divine damsels) 厂耻蝉迟丑补濒腻 and 笔耻帽箩颈办补蝉迟丑补濒腻, (protector-demons), Heti and Praheti these two are cited as 驰腻迟耻诲丑腻苍补蝉.

5b-8a. The following reside (in the sun) during the months of 艢耻肠颈 and 艢耻办谤补: (闯测别峁ａ弓丑补 and膧峁Ｄ佱笉ha); (Gods) Mitra and 痴补谤耻峁嘺; the sages cited being Atri and the famous 痴补蝉颈峁ａ弓丑补; (Apsaras) 厂补丑补箩补苍测腻, 惭别苍补办腻; 笔补耻谤耻峁�e测补, and Vadha who are cited as 搁腻办峁�a蝉补蝉, the Gandharvas 贬腻丑腻 and 贬奴丑奴; 驰补箩帽补 (probably 驰补办峁�a and not 驰补箩帽补): Rathasvana, Rathacitra, another named 狈腻驳补蝉腻办峁�a办补 (rather 狈腻驳补 called 罢补办峁�a办补) and Rambhaka.

8b-11. Other deities also reside in the sun. The following group (of Devas and others) resides in the sun during the months of Nabhas and Nabhasya (艢谤腻惫补峁嘺 and 叠丑腻诲谤补辫补诲补) viz. (Gods) Indra and 痴颈惫补蝉惫腻苍; (sages) 础峁単颈谤补蝉, 叠丑峁沢耻; the serpents: 贰濒腻辫补迟谤补 and 艢补峁卥丑补辫腻濒补; (Gandharvas) 痴颈艣惫腻惫补蝉耻 and Ugrasena, 艢惫别迟补 and 础谤耻峁嘺; (the two Apsaras) well-known as 笔谤补尘濒辞肠腻 and 础苍耻尘濒辞肠腻 and the two 驰腻迟耻诲丑腻苍补蝉 (demons) Sarpa and 痴测腻驳丑谤补.

12-15. Other pure deities and sages reside (in the sun) during the autumn (膧艣惫颈苍补 and 碍腻谤迟迟颈办补); (gods) Parjanya and 笔奴峁�a苍; (sages) 叠丑腻谤补诲惫腻箩补 along with Gautama; 笔补谤腻惫补蝉耻 and Suruci the Gandharvas; 痴颈艣惫腻肠墨 and 骋丑峁泃腻肠墨 the two (Apsaras) of splendid characteristics; 础颈谤腻惫补迟补 and 顿丑补苍补帽箩补测补 the well-known serpents and 艢测别苍补箩颈迟 and 厂耻峁�e峁嘺 who are 厂别苍腻苍墨蝉 (commanders) and 骋谤腻尘补峁嚹玸 (or 驰补办峁�a蝉). 膧辫补蝉 and 痴腻迟补 these two are cited as 搁腻办峁�a蝉补鈥擜ll these always stay in the sun during the months of 膧艣惫颈苍补 and 碍腻谤迟迟颈办补.

16-19. The following stay in the sun during the two months of Hemanta (Early Winter); they are the two (Devas) 础峁兣沘 and Bhaga; (the two sages) 碍腻艣测补辫补 and Kratu; the two serpents 惭补丑腻辫补诲尘补 and 碍补谤办辞峁璦办补; the two Gandharvas Citrasena and 弄谤峁嚹乱耻; the two celestial damsels 鲍谤惫补艣墨 and P奴rvacitt墨 [笔奴谤惫补肠颈迟迟颈?]; 罢腻谤办峁�a and 础谤颈峁ａ弓补苍别尘颈 who are 厂别苍腻苍墨 (commanders) as 驰补办峁�a蝉 and 痴颈诲测耻迟蝉辫丑奴谤箩补 and 艢补迟腻测耻 who are cited as Y膩tuh膩nas (demons)鈥攖hese reside in the sun in the months of Saha and Sahasya (惭腻谤驳补艣墨谤峁�a and 笔补耻峁�a).

20-23. The following reside in the sun during the months of 艢颈艣颈谤补 (late winter). They are (gods) 罢惫补峁ａ弓峁�, 痴颈峁ａ箛耻 (sages) 闯腻尘补诲补驳苍测补, 痴颈艣惫腻尘颈迟谤补; the two serpents Kambala and 础艣惫补迟补谤补 who are the sons of Kadru; the two Gandharvas 顿丑峁泃补谤腻峁ａ弓谤补 and 厂奴谤测补惫补谤肠补蝉; (the two celestial damsels) 罢颈濒辞迟迟补尘腻 and 搁补尘产丑腻; the demon 叠谤补丑尘腻辫别迟补 and the other well-known demon 驰补箩帽腻辫别迟补, and 峁歵补箩颈迟 and Satyajit who are cited as Gandharvas^[3] (rather 驰补办峁�a蝉)鈥攁ll these, O excellent sages, reside in the sun during the months of Tapas and Tapasya (惭腻驳丑补 and 笔丑腻濒驳耻苍补.)

24. Making the 笔颈迟峁泂, Devas and Human beings well nourished, O 叠谤腻丑尘补峁嘺蝉, 厂补惫颈迟峁� the cause of days and nights goes on revolving.

25. These Devas reside in the sun for periods of two months in due order. These twelve groups of seven (or heptads) identify themselves with their place of office and residence.

26. By means of their splendour they increase the excellent splendour of the sun. By means of words (and prayers) composed by themselves, sages eulogise the sun.

27. The Gandharvas and the Apsaras serve him by means of songs and dances. The 骋谤腻尘补峁嚹玸, 驰补办峁�a蝉 and 叠丑奴迟补蝉 perform the worship of his rays.

28. The serpents carry the sun, the demons follow him. From sunrise to sunset, the 痴腻濒补办丑颈濒测补蝉 surround the sun and lead him on.

29-31. The sun who is the lord of all these, blazes with h is brilliance in accordance with the virility, austerities, virtues, contacts, realities and strength of these (Devas etc.)

Thus, these stay in the sun for periods of two months viz. the sages, the Devas, the Gandharvas, the serpents, the groups of celestial damsels, the 骋谤腻尘补峁嚹玸 (or group-leaders) or the 驰补办峁�a蝉 and especially the demons.

32-33. These blaze, shower rains, shine, blow and create. On being glorified they dispel the inauspicious demerits of all living beings.

These remove the auspicious merit of evil-minded men. In some respects they re峁僶ve the sins of men of good character and conduct.

34. All these followers of the day revolve along with the sun. They shower rain on the subjects, they scorch them and they delight them (too).

35-36. They protect all the living beings till the destination of the Manus. In the Manvantaras of the (Manus) of the past and future as well as those who are present, this is the abode of those who identify themselves.

Thus those fourteen sets of seven reside in the sun in the course of the fourteen Manvantaras.

37. The sun releases heat energy during the summer. He scatters rain during the rainy season and snow (during winter). He is the maker of day and night. He keeps up his movement in accordance with (the changing) seasons and gratifies the Devas, the 笔颈迟峁泂 and the human beings with the rays suitably adapted.

38. By means of the (ray) named 厂耻峁�u尘苍补, the sun develops the moon in the bright half day by day and makes it complete (on the full moon day). He propitiates the Devas by means of the nectar. The Devas imbibe it during the dark half.

39. When the nectar of the moon is drunk, the moon, loses all his digits except one during the dark half. At the close of it, the moon does not ooze out nectar from its rays. The Devas, the pit峁泂, the Saumyas and the 碍腻惫测补蝉 imbibe that nectar.

40. Men conquer (satisfy) hunger by means of foodstuffs and beverages and medicinal herbs developed by means of rain, with waters lifted up and released by means of his rays by the sun.

41. It is during the bright half that the Devas are propitiated by means of nectar and the pit峁泂 (are done so) during the dark half (of the month). (The sun) perpetually sustains the human beings by means of food. He holds them well by means of his rays.

42. The sun is being led by green horses. At that time, he removes (evaporates) water by means of his green rays. At the time of discharge (of water), he releases the water. Thus the sun sustains the mobile and immobile beings.

43. The sun is being led by green horses. He drinks water by means of thousands of green rays. Being carried by green horses, the sun releases it.^[4]

44. Thus the sun traverses the quarters by means of his swift chariot with one wheel. The horses are splendid but they do not have the usual pace^[5] (? 础办谤补尘补颈岣�).

45. In the course of a day and night, the sun traverses the earth consisting of the seven continents and oceans by means of his chariot with a single wheel.

46-48. The chariot is yoked with only seven horses. They are the Ve岣峣c Metres that have assumed the form of horses. They are stationed towards the place where the wheel is fitted. They assume the forms as they wish. They are green, imperishable; they (? are accompanied) by tawny-coloured masters expounding the Brahman. In the course of a year those horses traverse eighty-three hundred circles.

It traverses the external as well as the internal circular zones, in the course of days. They have been yoked in the beginning of the Kalpa and they continue to bear till the annihilation of all living beings.

49. Surrounded by 痴腻濒补办丑颈濒测补蝉, they wander both night and day. The sun is eulogised by great sages by means of words (and prayers) of the highest order and composed by themselves.

50. He is served by Gandharvas and groups of celestial damsels by means of songs and dances. The lord of the day (i.e. the sun) thus revolves and wanders by means of horses that gallop and that are as swift as birds.

51. The chariot of Soma (the Moon) has three wheels.^[6] His horses have the lustre of Kunda (white Jasmine) flowers. They are ten in number and they are yoked to the left as well as to the right. The moon traverses by means of this.

52. They traverse the stars supported by the 痴墨迟丑颈 (the path of the firmament). They gain velocity by means of the support of Dhruva. The shrinking and lengthening of its rays are remembered as being like those of the sun.

53. It should be known that the chariot of the moon has three wheels with horses on either side. The chariot is born (i.e. evolved) out of the womb of the waters along with the horses and the charioteer.

54. It has three wheels with hundred spokes. It is yoked with ten excellent white horses. They are slim and divine. They are unimpeded and they have the swiftness of the mind.

55-57. They are yoked but once and they continue to bear it till the elapse of the Yugas. In that compact chariot, there are white serpents encircling the chariot (?) Horses of the same colour, having the lustre of conch-shells carry him (the Moon). The names of the ten horses of the moon are Yajus, Ca峁囜笉amanas, 痴峁涐梗补, 痴腻箩颈苍, Nara, Haya, the famous horses 骋补惫颈峁ａ箛耻, 贬补峁僺补, Vyoma and 惭峁沢补.

58. These (horses) carry the Moon-lord with great dedication (and respect). The moon traverses (its orbit) surrounded by the Devas and the pit峁泂.

59. At the end of the dark half and at the beginning of the bright half, when the sun is steady in the opposite direction, the moon is filled up, and as days pass by (the digits are reinstilled).

60. When the (nectarine) body of the moon has been imbibed by the Devas, it becomes exhausted on the fifteenth day. Then, with a single ray the sun makes it well developed.

61. By means of the ray called 厂耻峁�u尘苍腻 (the sun) fills a part (of the moon) (digit by digit) every day. On being replenished thus by the 厂耻峁�u尘苍补 (ray), the white and bright digits increase.

62. During the dark half, the digits become reduced and they are developed (replenished) during the bright half. The moon is thus developed, due to the power of the sun.

63. On the full Moon day, it appears bright in a complete disc. In the bright half, the moon is thus fully replenished day by day.

64-65. From the second day of the dark half to the fourteenth day, the Devas imbibe the nectar of the moon that is of the nature of the essence of the waters and that is wholly juicy. Drinking this liquid nectar of the moon, the Devas become delighted. It is due to the splendour of the sun that, this nectarine juice has been collected together in the course of half a month.

66. The nectar of the moon is for their food (consumption). It is resorted to for a single night on the full moon day by all the Devas and 笔颈迟峁泂 along with the sages.

67. On being imbibed gradually by the 笔颈迟峁泂 and the Devas at the beginning of the dark half, the digits of the moon which face the sun become reduced gradually.

68. Thirty three, three hundred (?) and three and three thousand and three Devas imbibe (the juice of) the moon.

69. On being sucked thus, the black digits of the moon increase. Hence, the white digits become reduced and the dark ones become increased.

70-72. Thus, the moon is sucked daily by the Devas. After imbibing it for a period of half a month, the excellent Devas go away on the New Moon day. The 笔颈迟峁泂 (thereafter) resort to the Moon on the New Moon day. Then on the fifteenth day when the digits are left over a little, the groups of 笔颈迟峁泂 resort to the last remanant (of the digits) in the afternoon. For a period of two Lavas, they imbibe the 碍补濒腻蝉 (of the moon) that are left over.

73. The nectar of 厂惫补诲丑腻 oozes from its rays on the New Moon day. After drinking that 厂惫补诲丑腻 for their own satisfaction (to the full) for the period of a month, those (笔颈迟峁泂) go-away.

74. The moon is scorched by the sun (i.e. sunlight) that is present in the 厂耻峁�u尘苍补. Similarly, the nectar峁僥 moon is imbibed by the Devas in the dark half.

75. They are of three (varieties), the Saumyas, the 叠补谤丑颈峁�a诲蝉 and the 础驳苍颈峁�v腻迟迟补蝉. Those who are mentioned as 碍腻惫测补蝉 are all 笔颈迟峁泂.

76. The 碍腻惫测补蝉 are 厂补峁僾补迟蝉补谤补蝉, those who are remembered by the 叠谤腻丑尘补峁嘺蝉 as 笔补帽肠腻产诲补蝉 (the five years). Saumyas should be known as the 峁歵us and 叠补谤丑颈峁�a诲蝉 are remembered as. the 惭腻蝉补蝉 (Months).

77-78. The 础驳苍颈峁�v腻迟迟补蝉 are the 膧谤迟补惫补蝉, O 叠谤腻丑尘补峁嘺蝉, these are the creations of the 笔颈迟峁泂. On being drunk by the 笔颈迟峁泂 on the fifteenth day, the digit of the moon that is one fifteenth part becomes reduced on the New moon day. Then in the next fortnight it becomes replenished.

79. The increase and decrease of the moon are remembered (as occurring) on the sixteenth day at the beginning of a fortnight. It is thus that the increase and decrease in the moon occur on account of the sun.

80. Again (i.e. henceforth), I shall describe the chariots of the stars, planets and 搁腻丑耻.^[7]

The chariot of the son of the Moon (Budha) is bright and full of the splendour of water.

81. The chariot of 叠丑腻谤驳补惫补 (the Venus) is glorious and it resembles the sun in splendour. It has the rambling sound of the cloud. It is equipped with banner, flagstaff and other paraphernalia.

82-83. It is yoked with various excellent horses of different colours born of the earth. It is fitted with the following ten horses, viz. 艢惫别迟补, 笔颈艣补峁単补, 厂腻谤补峁単补, 狈墨濒补, 笔墨迟补, Vilohita, 碍峁涐梗峁嘺, Harita, 笔峁涐梗补迟补 and 笔峁浥沶颈. They are of great grandeur. They are not lean. They have the speed of the wind.

84-86. The excellent chariot of the Mars also is glorious and golden. It has eight horses. With unimpeded red horses bora of fire and capable of going everywhere, the prince (i.e., the Mars) goes about. They have straight movement as well as those curved clockwise and curved anticlockwise ones.

The Jupiter (叠峁沨补蝉辫补迟颈) of the family of 础峁単颈谤补蝉, the scholarly preceptor of the Devas, moves about in golden chariot by means of eight grey horses born of water. They are divine horses with the speed of the wind.

Staying for a year in a constellation, he goes ahead along with Vedhas^[8] (叠谤补丑尘腻) (?)

87-90a. Riding in a chariot of black steel (iron) fitted with strong horses born of the firmament, the Saturn proceeds ahead very slowly.

The horses of 搁腻丑耻 are eight in number, and black in colour. They have the speed of the mind. His chariot is full of darkness. The horses are yoked but once and they draw it (to the end).

Having come out of the sun, 搁腻丑耻 goes to the Moon during Parvan days (the Full moon days).

90b-91. The horses of the chariot of Ketu are eight in number and they have the speed of the wind. They have the colour of the smoke of straw. They are strong. They are tawny-coloured like donkeys.

Thus these horses of the planets along with the chariots have been described.

92. All of them are fastened to Dhruva by means of gaseous rays. They are fully developed. While whirling duly they blaze as well.

93. (Repetition) They are fully developed due to invisible gaseous rays. Being bound (to Dhruva) by means of these, the moon, the sun and the planets revolve in the firmament.

94-95. Those groups of luminaries follow Dhruva that whirls. Just as the boat is carried on along with the (current of) water in the river, so also these abodes of gods (? planets etc.) are carried by the gaseous rays. The groups of gods moving about in the firmament are not seen.

96. There are as many bonds of gaseous rays as there are stars. All of them are fastened to Dhruva. They whirl themselves and they make others also revolve.

97. Just as the oil-rollers whirl and cause the wheel also to whirl so also do the luminaries fixed (to Dhruva) on all sides by means of gaseous rays.

98. Urged by the whirlwind, they move about like a firebrand. (Since the wind) carried the luminaries, (the wind is remembered as Pravaha.

99. Thus the group of planets attached to Dhruva, moves about. This Gangetic porpoise and Dhruva should be known as made up of constellations in the firmament.

100-107. If a sin is committed in the day, it is dispelled by seeing it (Dhruva) during the night.

He lives as many or more years as there are stars supported by the Gangetic porpoise in the firmament.

The heavenly Gangetic porpoise should be known with its parts (?),^[9] (The various limbs of this porpoise are mentioned subsequently).

础耻迟迟腻苍补辫腻诲补 (Dhruva the son of 鲍迟迟腻苍补辫腻诲补) should be known as its upper jaw. 驰补箩帽补 should be known as the other (i.e. lower jaw). Dharma is based on its head, (i.e. constitutes its head).

狈腻谤腻测补峁嘺 should be sought for in the heart and the pair of 础艣惫颈苍蝉 in the forelegs. 痴补谤耻峁嘺 and Aryaman are its hind thighs.

Its penis is 厂补峁僾补迟蝉补谤补 and Mitra clings to the 础辫腻苍补 (anus), Agni, Mahendra, 惭腻谤墨肠补, 碍补艣测补辫补 and Dhruva are in the tail.

The four stars in the milky way do not set.

The stars, the moon, the sun and the planets along with the constellations are fixed in the heaven, some with the faces up, others with faces turned away and all of them curved. They are presided over by Dhruva, They go round Dhruva who is the central pivot in the heaven and who is an excellent lord. Dhruva is remembered as the fourth and the last one after Agni, Indra and 碍腻艣测补辫补.

108. On the top of the Meru Mountain, single-handed he whirls when he pulls them with face down. He observes Meru at the border and circumambulates it.¹

Footnotes and references:

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[1]:

This sublime concept of the Solar chariot is based on Yajurveda 15.15.19. Here Devas, Sages and Gandharvas represent light and immortality鈥攖he actinic portion of the solar spectra. The serpents, Gr膩ma峁噄s and 搁腻办峁�a蝉补蝉 signify heat or death or the Thermal field of the spectra. This Heptad of the sun signifies the mutual difference in the different 鈥淲ave lengths鈥� of the seven colours. This may be called the Puranic VIBGYOR.

[2]:

These verses (2-24) enumerate the names of the different devas, sages etc.鈥攖he heptad who occupy the solar chariot every month. These verses are common to the description of the Solar chariot in other Pur膩峁嘺s e.g. the Mt. P. 125. 1-34, V膩. P. 52. 1-26 with slight differences in the names of the occupants of the chariot.

[3]:

This is wrong as the pair of Gandharvas is already cited. The reading should be 骋谤腻尘补峁噛补耻 as in V膩.P.52.22.

[4]:

This verse practically repeats V. 42 in different words.

[5]:

The text is defective. The corresponding verse in the V膩.P. 52, 43b reads:

bhadrais tair ak峁�ataira艣vai岣� sarpate鈥�sau divi k峁�aye /

鈥渨ith those auspicious unbroken horses he proceeds in the region of the sky鈥�.

[6]:

VV 51-79 describe the mythological description of the chariot of the moon. Its scientific significance is not clear.

[7]:

VV 80-92 describe the chariots of other planets such as Budha, 艢耻办谤补 etc.

[8]:

厂补谤惫补驳补岣� 鈥榦ne who can go everywhere and anywhere鈥� in V膩.P.52-87.

[9]:

VV 100-104 describe the various parts of the heavenly (stellar) porpoise (艢i艣um膩ra).