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Shringara-manjari Katha (translation and notes)

by Kumari Kalpalata K. Munshi | 1959 | 99,373 words

An English translation of the Shringara-manjari Katha by Bhojadeva. This detailed study includes four sections. The Introduction outlines the manuscript's unique features and provides a content analysis. The second section contains the Sanskrit text complemented by an index of proper names. The third section offers an English translation excluding ...

Section 7.9 - The ninth tale of Mutual Love

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Thus I have described the nature of one-sided love. Now I shall tell you about the nature of mutual love. In the famous town of Uragapura, which vanquished the pride of beauty of Amaravati and which surpassed the splendour of Alaka, there ruled king SAMARASIMHA. He ruled over eighty-four

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feudatories, twelve mandalesvaras, thirty-six royal houses, seventytwo forest lords, twenty-four Karvatas, twenty-one Konkanas and people of thirty-six ports. Of that king, who by his valour had subjected the circles of kings and had conquered all the feudatories, there was a famous courtesan named ASOKAVATI, who was very rich and was the one abode of beauty, youth and graces. All the feudatories gave everything to her and looked up to her expectantly. She accepted everything from them and gave it to a feudatory called CHADDALAKA He was dearer to her than her life and was also a favourite in the king's court. She had mastered the world-famous sword-dancing. Once in winter when nights were very cold and it was impossible to sit outside . (67) king SAMARASIMHA, seated in the middle of the pleasure pavilion, giving seats to those desirous of seeing the dance-performance, sent for ASOKAVATI. (In the winter) when intolerable autumnal sun became a little bearable; when the net-work of the beads of perspiration from the cheeks of the protectress of rice-fields is removed; when the wind is laden with particles of snow; when swarms of bees are attracted towards the buds of the syama-creepers after giving up the ponds of kuvalayas whose beauty were destroyed by snow flakes; when the lotus-ponds without the Autumn looked like the women separated by their lovers, with the lustre of the lotus-faces faded, with bare stalks as ornaments, bearing paleness in the form of the flakes of snow on the water, and being free from the sports of love; when the Fish-bannered one, on seeing his quiver of arrows exhausted after breaking the hearts of the separated lovers, tied the fresh sugarcanes as bows to conquer the world, which (sugarcanes) were as charming as the cheeks of the young Kerala women; when in the pleasure-mansions, the hair of the doe-eyed women which were fragrant with the fresh maruvaka flowers and whose shine was doubled with the fragrant oil inferred from its perfume, enchanted the minds of all the loverlorn persons; when the couples desired the warmth of kunkuma having given up the anointing of the sandal paste which was cherished in autumn; which brought about the delicious touch of the breasts of the beloveds which were scented with were scented with the constant application of the slightly burnt ghanasaara, and which were fully perfumed with the kalaguru; when the lovers constantly resorted to the fire of pleasures; when the wind was heavy with particles of thick frost fallen on the borders of the clusters of partially open kunda-buds appearing to be their smiles of wonder on seeing the bees leaving the priyaka flowers, whose honey-juice had been exhausted, and quickly alighting on the flowers of the priyangu creepers; when in the whole world loving couples had taken to the vow of Ardhanarisvara as their limbs were in close embraces.

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and their bodies united; when the gardens were covered as if with the glances of the Glory of Winter, who was unrestrained due to youth, due to the kunda flowers opened by the bees, mixing with the pollen of the rodhra flowers spread about by the wind as if it were the dust raised by the army of king Madana moving about to conquer the three worlds; which adorned the faces of all the directions. ; when (in the winter) the winds of the Himalayas were laden with heavy flakes of snow; when the hot-rayed sun resorted to the southern direction fearing the cold; when the travellers who arise from their earth-mattress every morning and whose stiffening (of the limbs) was removed by the chaff-fire remembered the warmth of the breasts of their beloveds; when the perishing lotus-tanks turned white as the lotuses faded on knowing that Mitra, their sole joy-giver, had become a traveller of the southern direction; when the fields were as if overspread with emeralds due to their being continuously covered with a parrot-like splendour of the blades of the rich corn; when the wanton women put on warm petticoats and appeared to have taken a vow of winter with their charming braids of hair dressed with rare perfumed oil, with their lips daubed with too much wine, and with their bodies turned tawny with the extremely soft Kasmira saffron; (68) when (in winter) the Fishbannered one took up his bow, the agitated world became its servant at the mere glancing of the women whose plump breasts were adorned with garlands of the partially open priyangu buds, whose fleshiness were covered with fresh rodhra powder and whose hair was never without the garlands of kunda flowers intertwined with the maruvaka flowers; when the frost-laden wind produced trembling and yet the fire of separation of the women-in-separation did not gave any comfort; when the land which appeared to be coloured by kunkuma enchanted the minds of the people, being fragrant with the karkandhu trees which continuously put forth fruits which surpassed the brightness of the kimsukas by being profuse and over-ripe; when the sloppy soil in the small villages intoxicated the minds with the dark fresh sprouts of the tamala, with the white mustard whose sprays were full of flowers as bright as molten gold, with the stems of kustumburu possessing the beauty of Kalindi's stream marked with balls of foam due to their having small fruits in between tops and covered with clusters of flowers possessing emerald-like green lustre, looking like leaves marked with haritala mixed with dark juice; and which (land) was covered with the pleasant fields of vastuka as brilliant as the feathers of young parrots, as if by the mass of darkness left over by the sun; when the fire in the watershed is every evening resorted to by the travellers becoming mutually jealous of each other as a result of hearing the descriptions of various kings and countries,

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quarelling with each other, vying with each other in coming near the flames of the fire as its touch gave pleasure to the limbs which had become rigid due to the contact of the very cold wind; when the small villages looked as if covered with blankets on account of the torment of cold due to its regions being encompassed and the sky being covered with the smoke of the sacred fire and when (in winter) the warmth of the breasts of the beloveds were much welcomed due to the shortness of the days and the great length of the nights. She put on excellent apparel and adornments adequate for the performance and proceeded towards the royal palace. She thought to herself: "If the lord of lord of my life does not see this then my dressing and dancing would be futile. And if these would be seen by CHADDALAKA then I would offer to God flowers and kunkuma both worth five-hundred. On the way she vowed this to God Ganapati, the fulfiller of desires. Then thinking that he is bound to be there, with her heart full of joy she went (to the palace) and began dancing. Dancing with rhythm and grace, as she glanced in all the directions she did not see CHADDALAKA Instantaneously strength left her, enthusiasm waned, her face paled and she became lifeless. The dancing teacher was quick to perceive that she was continuing dancing without grace because of the shame of the king, (69) the feudatories and other persons. But this dance was very dangerous, and needed good balance. Because she was continuing dancing without balance, he was afraid she might therefore throw herself on the sword, and that would be an end of the excellent person. So he informed the king "She was gracefully dancing uptil now thinking that her lord will see it. But being aware that he is not here, she has become indifferent and graceless, and is dancing only out of shame, thus she will throw herself on the sword. You may have got angry with me that though knowing I did not tell you about it, now Your Majesty can do what he thinks fit." Hearing this the king loudly said: "Oh Dancing Master, it is late in the night, please stop the performance". Then waiting a moment he went to his bed room, and called ASOKAVATI there, and said: "You wretched one! you were not ashamed of me, nor of those acquaintances of ours, the feudatories and others. You have become very shameless. The conduct of courtesans even is not like this, what is this?" She said: "Sire, I am known, what shall I hide? There is nothing that is not done for the sake of love. For my graceless dancing Your Majesty may punish me or decorate me, you have all powers". To her the king said: "The desire to sin does not secure riches. Do not be so bold again." Saying thus he sent her away. He sent spies to find out what she would be doing now. From the royal.

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seats TRANSLATION 75 not going to her place she went to the house of CHADDALAKA (The king sent for another handsome youth called SUNDARAKA to break this bond of love.) He sent him a gift. On hearing from his servants about the king's gift and the person who called on him SUNDARAKA talked to his friends thus. 'Where on one hand is the king and where on the other are we? And what can be the reason of sending this gift and the caller?' From amongst his friends one said: "Kings are full of curiosity. There must be some purpose in calling you. Some one must have told him about you. Therefore accept the gift and welcome the man who has come to summon you". He said: "I will do so" and accepting the same, (bowing) his head, he said to the callers "What is the order of the king?" They said: "The king has heard of your fame. He is curious, so we have been sent to summon you, therefore please come". When they said thus, he started with them at leisure. Thus travelling, followed by thirty-two beautiful, rich and young harlots and thirty-two woman who announced time, after some days he reached the town of Uragapura. Now, the following day, from afar the good news were spread. And he, whose handsomeness and youth were intently observed by the king, saw the king seated in the hall. He bowed to the king, and the king talked with him. He was given tambula and a seat near him by the king with his own hands, and was seated with great respect. After a while he said: (70) "The time has come for the purpose for which you have called me. Therefore tell me what is to be done". Smilingly the king said: "You know the affair, now do what you think is proper." "There is no doubt about it. If your majesty orders, it shall be done. But there it is only a body without life. even I shall place even my life in it and see what can be done." Saying this he bowed to his feet and went out. Then he sent his retinue to the residence given by the king, and followed by four "Tuditalas', putting on an attire fit for the occasion he roamed in the locality of the courtesan. The harlots vied with each other in calling him by offering him everything, but giving hopes to all and pleasing them, he came to the doors of ASOKAVATI. There he stood talking sweetly with his men and was seen from afar by the bawd MAKARADAMSTRA and ASOKAVATI behind behind her, sitting on the mattavaranaka. On

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seeing the sixteen years old youth who surpassed Manmatha in beauty and charm, she remarked to her mother: "Mother, this youth does not belong to this place. He seems to be a stranger, and is possessed of all surpassing handsomeness, youth and charm". The mother recognized her love at first sight, and having obtained such a chance after a long time, quickly said: quickly said: "Daughter, this earth is indeed praiseworthy. Here are found men more handsome than the handsome, more fortunate even than the fortunate and attachment to one man is made to withdraw by other men, therefore call him". When this was said she, who felt great attraction for him on merely seeing him called him: "O, Guest, why don't you come in?" Hearing it Hearing it he said: "Surely I will come" and gracefully and handsomely he came to her. On seeing him she was agitated, dumb, and intoxicated. Giving up all else, taking her bath, making him take a bath, dining with him at one place according to her standard, she went to bed. SUNDARA then sent his servant to bring a pattanika from the king and kept it with him. Then he started entertaining her according to his skill, so much so that she did not know whether it was a dream or magic. SUNDARA exciting her sensuousness drew on her body with his nails some modes of sexual union, at some place designs of leaves. at some place Bharata, and another Ramayana, while so doing he recorded the images of the nail-scratches into the pattanika. When she retired from dalliance, she quickly felt as if arisen from sleep, . as if awakened from a fainting spell, as if freed from stupefaction, delusion and infatuation caused by some stupefying herb. And she thought: "What have I done? Ah the sport of wretched Destiny is unsurpassable, the things fated cannot be over-stepped, Destiny cannot be violated, that this is the end of my love. Therefore, definitely Destiny cannot be trespassed. I was not even brought to my senses by that sinner whose mind is intent on wealth". Thus thinking the night passed (71) and the sun rose. SUNDARAKA knowing her heart that was full of repentance giving (the pattanika?) to the king said: "Sire, I have followed your command." Hearing this the king was gave him as a gift the lordship of four-thousand pleased villages. But since then in the same manner The king taking the pattanika CHADDALAKA: "Spread this and accept it as a gift". she lived in despair. came and said to Then the Mahattama TIKKAPAIKA said: "What is this?" CHADDALAKA replied: "This is a plan of the king to break our bond of love". And when he saw the pattanika after spreading it,

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then what did he see? He saw that all was different. Even then, (he said), "my love will not be changed by these treacherous actions". Saying this, due to the pride of his good fortune he thought that all this was untrue and said to TIKKAPAIKA "Oh great one, you must go there and act thus .. This he told him. (He) placed a horseman at an arch at every yojana and sent him (TIKKAPAIKA) there. He (TIKKAPAIKA) doned the attire of a pasupata mendicant, moved here and there in front of her house and showed himself to ASOKAVATI. On seeing him she said to her mother: "Mother is this man not similar to TIKKAPAIKA?" and sent her servant to fetch him. When he was sent for and he came, recognizing him to be TIKKAPAIKA, she said: "TIKKAPAIKA, what is this?" Without giving a reply TIKKAPAIKA started crying. When repeatedly asked, he said: "I am a sinner! What is the use of asking this wretched one?" and remained silent. With great concern she requested him to tell her. He said: "When the army went from here, there ensued a great battle with the king of Kaccha. When all the feudatories ran away, he, like the Mandara mountain, fell upon those who were desirous of churning the ocean of war. Though he received a thousand wounds, he destroyed them and became the object of a happy occasion of svayamvara for the heavenly damsels. Unable to abandon my life there, wretched that I am, I took up this heresy. that is fit for men without guts". Before the news of his death reached ASOKAVATI'S ears she fell down dead like a wild she-elephant struck by lightening. TIKKAPAIKA sent the news to CHADDALAKA through the horsemen standing at the arches. Meantime, the king in the assembly-hall, heard an uproar, and he enquired what it was about. The doorkeepers came and informed him that on hearing the canard about CHADDALAKA from TIKKAPAIKA (72) ASOKAVATI died due to heart failure. SUNDARAKA, who was in the hall said to the king: "Sire I have thus destroyed a jewel among women. Therefore it is not fit that I should live. Therefore command me. Like water and milk there is no parting of those two. By my own wickedness, producing an infatuation in her mind I brought about this end. Therefore it is only proper that I give up my life". Though the king enlightened him in many ways he threw himself into the fire together with his wives and retinue. Meantime, the horsemen. CHADDALAKA also heard the news through Accompanied by one horseman he came to ASOKAVATI'S

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home and seeing her portrait on the walls, talking with it like a mad man and embracing it, he came to the spot where her pyre had been lit. He enquired about the funeral pyre of SUNDARAKA and said: "This is the place of my brother, he has done well"'. He then arranged a funeral pyre for himself on the same spot as ASOKAVATI'S pyre and threw himself into the fire. On hearing of their wonderful account the king thought that he alone was the cause of the destruction of all of them and therefore prepared to cut off his head in the presence of Goddess Asapura. The Goddess beheld his valour which was all surpassing and distinguished in the three worlds, and said: "Son, do not be rash. Ask what you desire". He then said to her: "Oh Divine one! if thou art pleased then let ASOKAVATI, SUNDARAKA and CHADDALAKA together with their retinue come to life again". When the Goddess said: 'Let it be so the three of them got up as if from sleep. "I cannot separate you in love": said the king and being pleased gave ASOKAVATI to CHADDALAKA SUNDARAKA saw his worthiness and valour and doubled the king's favour of gifts. The king was full of joy on receiving the grace of the Goddess. He returned to the palace and with his people. ruled for a long time happily. Thus, oh daughter! many courtesans falling in love with men lose their wealth and lives too. Therefore this is our rule that like a tiger love should be avoided from a distance. THUS ENDS THE NINTH TALE OF LOVE ON BOTH THE SIDES IN THE SRNGARAMANJARIKATHA COMPOSED BY MAHARAJADHIRAJA-PARAMESVARA-SRIBHOJADEVA.

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