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Shringara-manjari Katha (translation and notes)

by Kumari Kalpalata K. Munshi | 1959 | 99,373 words

An English translation of the Shringara-manjari Katha by Bhojadeva. This detailed study includes four sections. The Introduction outlines the manuscript's unique features and provides a content analysis. The second section contains the Sanskrit text complemented by an index of proper names. The third section offers an English translation excluding ...

Section 7.6 - The sixth tale of Lavanyasundari

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"Moreover, O daughter! for those who try to secure their object even at the risk of self-sacrifice after taking refuge with a man of great valour and adventure, the fulfilment of their self-interests is not difficult. This I told you before, I shall illustrate it to you now": (41) "Here there is a town called Ahicchatra, famous in the world, and presided over by great men like the rich merchants. .... and others. There ruled for a long time king VAJRAMUKUTA enjoying the pleasures of kingship. He had defeated the circle of neighbouring princes with the support of his ministers in their service since his father's times, had gradually conquered all the arrogant enemies and was surrounded by a powerful retinue. In the same town dwelt also an oilman by name GHUDA who was in affluent conditions because of his rich patrimony. He had a wife named LAVANYASUNDARI, young and beautiful, looking like a play-doll of Madana, the ornament of youth and loveliness even of loveliness. Her beauty was not unparalleled in her own class of people, but as it surpassed (the beauty of) all the other women it was an object of wonder to all the people. Enjoying amorous pleasures in her company his days passed happily. Once while she was in her own house she came within the sight of the king who was roaming about. Seeing her, as if wonderstruck, stupefied, infatuated, and helpless due to the striking of the arrows of Love, he somehow reached his house. He wondered how she could be obtained, for he would surely not desire to live without getting her. When he came to know from the spies that she was the wife of GHUDA, the oilman, he considered how he could bring him under his subjection. He arrested him under the pretext of adulteration in oil. Though, he (the oilman) offered to pay fine in lakhs, he did not free him. On the other hand he tortured him by inflicting many punishments. LAVANYASUNDARI then understood the king's intentions, and said to her husband: "You must free yourself by giving whatever fine the king asks of you". Accordingly he said to the king: "Your majesty does not accept even gold drammas, please tell me then what else should I give you? Whatever you command I shall definitely give". The king asked for a hundred elephants knowing that it would be impossible for him to obtain them. Hearing this the oilman was very much

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perturbed in his mind with a series of worries such as 'Where on one hand is my caste and where on the other the elephants? Therefor I am totally lost. What is the way out? And what resort?', LAVANYASUNDARI came and asked him what the king had asked from him. Nervously he said "As I am asked by him to get a hun. dred elephants my end is near at hand. How will I be ever released?" She said: "You accept it, I will get you a hundred elephants". When the oilman accepted the king's command, the king thought that he would never be able to obtain a hundred elephants, therefore she would be in his possession now. Thinking thus he said "When could you get me a hundred elephants?" Instructed by her, the oilman asked for six months. The king agreed. The oilman then said to his wife: "Why did you (42) make me accept such a fine without the faith (to pay it to him)?" She said to him: "This king is in love with me and under this pretext wishes to possess me. But it is an undesirable hope. He is (like) my father. Therefore you must do what I say, and I shall get a hundred elephants in due time." He agreed to what she said. "My conduct need not be considered when it is a question of your (life)", she added. Then taking with her five-hundred best horses and carts, a retinue adorned with clothes and ornaments of various kinds keeping in mind King SAHASANKA, the abode of all adventures, she started for Ujjayini. After a few days she reached Ujjayini. She took up her residence on the bank of the Sipra, where the heat of the sun was warded off by trees and creepers bearing various kinds of leaves and flowers. She had a rumour bruited about herself that a courtesan, who in beauty surpassed the damsels of heaven, had arrived from some place. She distributed gifts adequately to the suppliant and spent her days in pleasures. She gave hope to the feudatories and others who came there asserting their superiority by saying 'I shall do what I can'. But she never accepted anything from anyone. As days went by news reached the ears of king SAHASANKA Out of curiosity he sent his spies to verify the rumour. When they reported that it was true, then under the pretext of going on a hunting he passed by her house. She draped herself in gorgeous robes and showed herself gracefully to the king. On seeing her he fell in love with her, and returning from hunting somehow, he passed by the same path and came to his residence. Reaching home, with his mind striken by Smara's arrows, he sent his clever and affectionate entertainer MUKHARAKA immediately to her place. Going there, meeting her and talking about various things he said after some time

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courteously: "(While the king) was returning home from hunting (he saw you) and has sent me to find out to whom you belong and who you are. Therefore you may say "(She says that she had heard of the king and had come to him and if he does not accept her then in this life ... MUKHARAKA considered himself as having done his job and 'Ah! this is indeed a shower of flowers without a creeper and a shower of water without clouds'. When heat lessened � � � � thought) and the Lord of the lotuses went to the west; when the shade of the trees turned the other way as if unable to bear the heat;... (43) when herds of hogs moved about here and there; when herds of cows moving slowly due to satiation, ruminating and hearing the tinkling of the small bells resounding due to the movement of the neck as they were walking, and with their eyes a little tired due to fatigue, were returning slowly to the town from the forests; when on the roads only a few travellers were seen; when flocks of birds, leaving the pastures quickly flew towards the garden trees; when the directions exhausted by the fierce heat became cool as if pleased at the touch of the evening breeze; when gradually the sun (lit. whose charioteer is Aruna) red as the young, red-crested cock came to the top of the western mountain; and when the eventide made the intermediate space red with its rays red as if dipped in lac, like a weaver who weaves the middle part by spreading the threads through the shuttle; when the garden grounds looked beautiful as if marked with the alaktaka-dye transferred from the feet of the moving forest deities, due to the mixing of the thick shade of the trees with the evening glow seen between the interstices; when the waters of the lakes looked splendid being covered by a network of the rays of the sun atop the setting mountain and therefore turned red as if by the blood from the hearts of the pairs of cakravaka birds anguished by the forthcoming separation; when the clear crystalline floors in every house looked as if swept by the kunkumarasa because of being mixed with the rays of the sun resembling the open pomegranate flowers; when the eventide was resplendent as if it were with the tide of the tossing ocean of love overcoming the world. Gradually rose the Lord of the night-lotuses giving life to the clusters of kumudas and Love. Which was like a golden ear-ornament of the eastern direction, the mark of kunkumarasa on the forehead of the night, the shining golden mirror of the directions, the only blooming golden lotus in the lake of the sky, the one pot-like breast of the heaven anointed with kunkuma with its garment in

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48 crease SRNGARAMANJARIKATHA the form of darkness having slipped off on one side; like the playing ball of Rati turned red due to the red-dye on her palm; and which was like a golden pot for the consecration of the future sovereign, the mind-born one. Then giving pleasure to women, rising from the ocean, being surrounded by constellations, and giving joy to the kumudas, (44) the Lord of the Stars, shone brightly, destroying the demons in the form of darkness as black as powdered collyrium. When the moonlight produced the fire of love, which tore open the clusters of kumudas and the hearts of the cakravakas; which destroyed the darkness pervading the by-paths and the pride of the haughty women, which agitated the sea full of waves and the hearts of the lovers, which pained the elephants' tusks and the minds of the separated ones; and which was being drunk in on all sides by the families of the cakorakas with their beaks open and by the eyes of the people and yet was on the inwhen such words of the friends clever in bringing about love quarrels and unions were heard spoken to the proud women: 'Friend, Madana is irresistible, the mature rays of the moon are unbearable, youth is shortlived, and the bond of love is unsteady'; when the lights of the mansions first enkindled were clearly perceived in the bodies of the separated women like the reflection of the sparks of the fire of love, when the wanton women whose hearts were filled with passions sent to their lovers the messengers forgetting and instructing the messages again and again, when the ladies wrote the messages of love with the juice of the musk on the leaves of the ketaki in the lamp of the moon; when the women looking again and again at the paths of the lovers decorated their houses; when smoke of the kalaguru incense issued from the windows of the vasakasajjas like the measures of the inflamed fire of love; when the abhisarikas went in all the directions like the presiding deities of the moonlight, with their bodies covered with white garments, with the powder of thick ghanasara sprinkled over the cheeks, with the pearl ornaments on every limb, with the whole body anointed with sandalpaste and with their braids of hair tied with the blooming malati flowers. Then the whole earth was as if expanded with nectar, flooded by the milk of ocean, made of crystalline stone, made of the lustre of the Dramida women's teeth recently polished, made from the inner part of the leaves of the palmtree, be-sprinkled with molten silver, and as if carved out of the tusks of elephants; when it (the earth) possessed the beauty of the Candraloka, when the moon slowly whitened the directions and became pure and rose up in the sky, transferring its own redness to the minds of couples. At that time the king sent MUKHARAKA to fetch her. She also, looking at the road with her neck raised like the agriculturists

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looking anxiously at the watery clouds, saw him coming. When he told her of the king's acceptance of her, she was mighty pleased. She quickly came to the king's palace. When LAVANYASUNDARI came, the king, full of love, enjoyed amorous pleasures in her company that night. And in the morning having performed his morning worship and having finished his meals etc., seated comfortably and happily, he told the whole affair to BHATTAMATRGUPTA. (45) Hearing about it BHATTAMATRGUPTA said to him; "Sire different kinds of selfish women move about the earth. Therefore, your Lordship should not trust them. I know this is harlotry". When BHATTAMATRGUPTA told him thus, he thought 'Do I not know what is natural love and what is harlotry? Let it be. What have I to do with it. BHATTAMATRGUPTA is venerable, therefore I shall not say anything. He is always like that'. Thus disregarding him he confidentially spent many days in her company. But BHATTAMATRGUPTA again and again reminded him of his words. One day while he was thus reminding, the king said: "Then how can true love be known? When I test her, she does not even protect herself. On the other hand all signs of love are visible in her. And I do not notice any aversion in her such as thinking of some one else even in dreams". Whe he said this to BHATTAMATRGUPTA, he again said to the king: "Then your Lordship should test her by rustic methods". But in order to test her, as he derided her more and more by such vulgar methods as cutting of her nails, teeth, and hair, she became more and more pleased and affectionate. He told BHATTAMATRGUPTA everything. When he said: "You always scoff her by saying this is all harlotry, nothing but harlotry, but not a single act of her's is like that of a harlot," to him BHATTAMATRGUPTA again said, "She is a clever rogue that she has produced this illusion in your Lordship's mind. Now I am convinced that all this is harlotry." Through others she knew what BHATTAMATRGUPTA said (about her) and being always apprehensive looked upon him with great awe. But once it occurred to her that many days had passed and the time (of six months) would soon be over. Thus thinking she came where the king and BHATTAMATRGUPTA were talking and sitting for a moment, said "This is indeed the fruit of your favour that having come from a distance out of love for your merits, this person says it is all harlotry. Let it be so. This consideration indeed is a proper return for my love. It is well that you, a king, and this one, towards whom you are favourably disposed, are in unison." The king exclaimed: "Who told you this falsehood? Is

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like that or myself?" On hearing that, she smiled a little, stood there for a second and then entering the bedroom, taking the king's dagger lying on it, severed her head. Then with his mind full of misgivings VIKRAMARKA entered within and saw her with the head cut off. As if struck by lightening, as if enveloped in flames, as if gazed at by a poisonous snake, he stood there a moment. Afterwards, with due consideration he called BHATTAMATRGUPTA inside and said: "BHATTAMATRGUPTA! do you see the end of harlotry?" He said: "Sire, I have seen it. What else shall I say but this, that this is harlotry too.". (46) The king was wrathful. Disregarding BHATTAMATRGUPTA, making his servants lift her up as she was, he came to the temple of the Goddess Asapura. VIKRAMADITYA sent his whole retinue outside and himself prepared to cut off his head. That moment the Goddess Asapura caught hold of his hand and said: "Son, O son! do not be rash. You are not an ordinary person. Why do you put an end to your life out of sheer compassion for others?" He answered "Forgive me, Oh Divine One! Please leave off my hand. I shall present you a desirable offering today." The Goddess said: "I am pleased with your extraordinary valour. Therefore speak, what do you desire?" VIKRAMARKA said to her: "Goddess! Let LAVANYASUNDARI come back to life". And the Goddess made her alive again. Happy in mind VIKRAMARKA returned with her to the palace. Everywhere felicitations were offered and the townsmen were all very happy. Thus the days of those two, satisfied, happy and deeply attached to one another, were spent. And now one day, after meals, when the day was practically at end, when the friend of the lotuses was gradually going to the western direction, VIKRAMARKA, seated in the ivory. balcony with her, saw a lord of the elephants named RIPUDALANA who was roaming about at pleasure. The (elephant) was as it were devouring the orb of the earth by his four feet which bore striking resemblance to caskets made of black jewels; possessing jewels in the form of nails as if they were the eighteen extensive islands come under his feet; looking handsome with his well formed hind-quarter and shining skin looking like the mansion of pleasures of the Goddess of Beauty; adorned by strong and well built shoulders as if

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· 51 they were the doors of the heart, the residence of the Goddess of Valour; possessing a splendid wide chest looking like an extensive sea of inviolable beauty adorned with the tossing of fish; due to his face being thickly covered with swarms of bees falling on account of the continuously oozing rut it appeared that the Creator made a dark pit without effort out of mercy for the injury that may have been done to all the other elephants; which appeared as if possessed of flames of the fire of anger on account of the spreading lustre of his pair of eyes as yellow as drops of honey; which looked splendid with a pair of long, glossy and smooth tusks possessing the complexion of fresh malati flowers, appearing to be the first two sprouts of the universally pervaded fame born out of destruction of herds of intoxicated elephants; decorated with two cheeks as if with two kula-parvatas which are the source of the wide and continuously flowing river of rut; adorned with a kumbha (frontal prominence on the forehead) with something marked on it looking like an auspicious pot adorned with leaves for greeting the Goddess of Victory; having broad ears imparting broadness to the naturally broad face; which, because of the skin painted with small red dots (appeared) as if variegated with the particles of the blood of the enemy's elephants destroyed in many fights, and having waving lobes as if fanning the cheeks heated by the thick rut; looking fierce with a thick, gradually thinning, and very long trunk swinging fast, as if searching for all the herds of elephants on earth; (47) possessing a pair of temples looking terrific by the ruddy brightness of sindura applied to them and looking like the breasts of the Goddess of Victory red due to the continuous rubbing of kunkuma; making the single-streamed Yamuna look like the Ganges flowing in three streams by the constant flow of rut at three places; whose (praise) is sung by the host of bards in the form of the bees being attracted by the fragrance of the lake of the ever-flowing rut; having a pair of beautiful white chowrie-like ear-ornaments, possessing the lustre of pure white conches looking like embodied fame earned in the victories obtained in many battles; possessing some indescribable charm by the broad shoulders with the joints firm, and with smooth and shining skin; having broad withers, an elevated and curved bow-like backbone, a well arranged tip of the tail and a very straight, long and glossy tail. He was pleasant yet terrific, possessing two tips (of the trunk) fascinating the minds of all people;. small in skin, hair on the body, scrotum and the hind quarter; big in shoulders, trunk and tail; very broad in thighs, withers, hips, cheeks, corners of the mouth and temples; very symmetrical in the hind-withers, tip of the tail, sides, belly and thighs; smooth in skin and hair; deep in mind and roaring; clever in movements and in performing feats; shapely in form and backbone; fragrant in breath ;

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and rut; great in body and valour; and red in the palate and the corners of the eyes. By his class, form, behaviour, valour and so on. � He looks as if made of all the seasons with his eye-ball looking beautiful like the autumn when sugarcane grows; his might terrific like the winter which is full of snow%; his action violent like the cold season which produces tremor, and his tip of the trunk moving gracefully like the spring when lotuses bloom; his using all the rivers like summer when all the rivers get dried up, and his roaring deep like the rainy days when deep rumbling is heard. He conquered as it were the whole group of heavenly elephants by disregarding the roar of Airavata, (the elephant of the eastern quarter), destroying everyday the glory of Pundarika «elephant of south eastern quarter, day lotuses» by water sports; uprooting the splendour of Kumuda elephant of south western quarter, night lotuses»; conquering Sarvabhauma «elephant of the northern quarter, all conquering ones» in many battles; surpassing the lustre of Anjana «elephant of the western quarter, collyrium»; defeating Puspadanta «elephant of north-western quarter, sun and moon» by his lovely and refulgent brilliance; and who put aside the enthusiasm of Vamana «elephant of the southern quarter, Vamana» by the constant grace of taking three steps. Who bore the beauty of the fourth day(?); who was charming to the eyes of all people like the state of inebriation, and who by his excessively fascinating beauty and charm as if satisfies, fills, expands, pleases and gladdens the eyes. (48) On seeing it, the king joyfully said to LAVANYASUNDARI after a moment-"My beloved LAVANYASUNDARI ask for anything". When she was again and again requested respectfully she said: "Whatever is yours is mine, what else shall I ask for? But if you want to please me, then (know) that since childhood I have great fascination for elephants, therefore give me a hundred such elephants". The King said-"This is nothing, ask for anything else you desire". Saying this he gave her a hundred elephants. She said; "Let it be announced that a hundred elephants have been given to LAVANYASUNDARI". The king did as he was told. When two-three days passed by, LAVANYASUNDARI, folding her hands said to the king-"Sire, let me take leave of you. I am a courtesan. Such is our practice".

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(The king was naturally surprised and asked what all this was about. LAVANYASUNDARI gave an account of the whole affair. The king gave her leave to go. She went back to GHUDA with the elephants and they lived happily ever after). THUS ENDS THE SIXTH TALE OF LAVANYASUNDARI IN THE SRNGARAMANJARIKATHA COMPOSED BY MAHARAJADHIRAJA-PARAMESVARA-SRIBHOJADEVA.

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