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Alternative spellings of this word include Chakra.

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In Hinduism

Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy)

Source: Wisdom Library: N腻峁瓂a-艣腻stra

Cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ) refers to the 鈥渄isc鈥�, a weapon which should measure should measure twelve 补峁単耻濒颈 (unit of measurement), according to N腻峁瓂a艣腻stra chapter 23. In dramatic plays, weapons such as cakra should be made by experts using proper measurements and given to persons engaged in a fight, angry conflict or siege. It forms a component of 腻丑腻谤测腻产丑颈苍补测补 (extraneous representation).

: archive.org: The mirror of gesture (abhinaya-darpana)

One of the 蝉补峁儁耻迟迟补-丑补蝉迟腻苍颈 (Twenty-four combined Hands).鈥擟akra (discus): Ardha-candra hands askew, the palms in contact.Usage: discus.

context information

Natyashastra (啶ㄠぞ啶熰�嵿く啶多ぞ啶膏�嵿い啷嵿ぐ, 苍腻峁瓂补艣腻蝉迟谤补) refers to both the ancient Indian tradition (shastra) of performing arts, (natya鈥攖heatrics, drama, dance, music), as well as the name of a Sanskrit work dealing with these subjects. It also teaches the rules for composing Dramatic plays (nataka), construction and performance of Theater, and Poetic works (kavya).

Shilpashastra (iconography)

: Google Books: The Theory of Citrasutras in Indian Painting

Cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ, 鈥榙iscus鈥�) is a weapon (腻测耻诲丑补 or 产腻诲丑谤补) according to the V腻stus奴tra Upani峁�ad.

: Google Books: Elements of Hindu iconography

Chakra is also a characteristically Vai峁ａ箛ava weapon. It is also carried by Durg腻, who is said to be the sister and as such the female form of Vi峁ａ箛u. It is shown in sculptures in two different forms. In the first variety, it is shaped like the wheel of a cart, with spokes, nave and all, and is meant to be grasped by the rim. But in the other form, it is highly ornamented, the spokes are made to resemble the petals of a lotus so that the interal parts appear like a full blown lotus in the tout ensemble.

: Red Zambala: Hindu Icons and Symbols | Trinity

The Discus (cakra) in Vi峁ａ箛u鈥檚 upper right hand is called Sudar艣ana which means 'pleasing-to-see', it is usually shown in iconography with a hexagon in the centre. The six points of the two triangles represent the six seasons in a yearly time cycle, in the centre nave is the seed sound (产墨箩补) 鈥楬r墨m鈥�, which represents the changeless, motionless centre , the Supreme Cause.

The Cosmic Mind has the unlimited power which creates and destroys all spheres of existence (lokas) and forms of the universe, the nature of which is to revolve. The Discus represents the 鈥渨ill-to-multiply鈥�. There is only one centre to the wheel but it is said to have a thousand spokes.

: Red Zambala: Hindu Icons and Symbols | Introduction

Cakra (Discus or wheel) - The wheel is the symbol of the Dharma which rotates and spins its beneficial influence in all directions. It also symbolises the cycle of Sams腻ra 鈥� of repeated birth and death which turns endlessly and from which we desire to be liberated. It is also used as a weapon and it's speed is faster than the speed of the mind 鈥� thus representing the cosmic mind which destroys our enemies in the form of the afflictive emotions.

: DSpace at Pondicherry: Siddha Cult in Tamilnadu (sculpture)

Cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ).鈥擜s many as 150 representations of the yogic cakras are found at 艢risailam. Some of them are depicted in association with Siddhas and sometimes with Swan (丑补峁僺补). In addition to these several sculptures depict yogic exercises and postures. All these indicate the popularity of Siddha cult in the sacred complex of 艢risailam.

The sculptural examples of Tiruva峁�峁�腻峁泆 in Tamiln腻du show some interesting schematic representations of the Yogic cakras in the human body. These sculptures also carry a sexual dimension of the Yogic powers, in the portrayal of ithyphallic men. Similar examples are also found in the temples of B腻h奴r, Puducherry; 艢r墨ra峁単am; Tirupathis腻ram, Tamiln腻du and 膧ra峁噈ula, Keral腻.

: Shodhganga: The significance of the m奴la-beras (艣颈濒辫补)

Cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ, 鈥渄iscus鈥�) refers to one of the several 鈥渁ttributes鈥� (腻测耻诲丑补) or 鈥渁ccessories鈥� of a detiy commonly seen depicted in Hindu iconography, defined according to texts dealing with 艣颈濒辫补 (arts and crafs), known as 艣颈濒辫补艣腻蝉迟谤补蝉.鈥擟akra is shown in sculptures in two different forms. In the first variety, it is shaped like the wheel of a cart, with spokes, nave and all, and is studded with precious gems. But in the other form, a highly ornamental one, the spokes are made to resemble the petals of a lotus so that the internal parts appear like a full blown lotus. The cakra also has ornamentations on the top and the sides, and a jeweled ribbon, running around it. It is in some cases held in the hand by means of this ribbon, and in other cases, between the first two fingers. It is a weapon resembling modern quoits and must have been used as a missile to be thrown against the enemy to cut him through and kill him.

: Shodhganga: Vaisnava Agamas And Visnu Images

Cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ) refers to one of the various attributes (腻测耻诲丑补) of divine icons, as defined in treatises such as the P腻帽car腻tra, P腻dmasa峁僪it腻 and Vaikh腻nasa-腻gamas, extensively dealing with the technical features of temple art, iconography and architecture in Vaishnavism.鈥擳he four attributes viz., 艣补峁卥丑补, cakra, 驳补诲腻 and padma are very essential in the P腻帽car腻tra mode of worship. As per Vihagendrasa峁僪it腻 (2.25b-26a), the four attributes i.e., padma, cakra, 驳补诲腻 and 艣补峁卥丑补 signify the creation (蝉峁涐梗峁璱). sustenance (sthiti), dissolution (laya) and eternal liberation (尘辞办峁�a) respectively.

K腻艣yapa, while describing the nature of 腻测耻诲丑补s and attendants of Vi峁ａ箛u states that cakra signifies the 蝉补峁僺腻谤补 set in motion by Vi峁ａ箛u and 艢r墨dev墨. As per the Vaikh腻nasa treatises, the personified form of cakra is male and be is the consort of Pu峁ａ弓i or Pu峁ａ弓ik腻. He has the complexion red or that of fire or sun and his garments are in red. He holds a cakra on his head. S腻tvatasa峁僪it腻 (13.9b-10a), while describing personified form of cakra states that Sudar艣ana is present inside the orb of his own rays with his short stature and red eyes. He always awaits the command of his Lord.

According to Prak墨r峁嚹錮hik腻ra, cakra is of three types, viz.,

1. K腻lacakra (in the form of a cakra with the pedestal),
2. V墨racakra (the one held in the right hand of Vi峁ａ箛u),
3. Sahasravikaca (a personified form).

According to Prak墨r峁嚹錮hik腻ra the diameter of the cakra must be equal to the face of the icon, i.e., one 迟腻濒补 proportionately. It should have five 箩惫腻濒腻蝉 (flames), four on the sides and one in the middle and with twelve or eight spokes. It should be placed on the tip of the finger on the right hand.

P腻dmasa峁僪it腻 (Kriy腻p腻da 20.85-88a) details the cakra: the middle circle (肠补办谤补-辫颈峁囜笉颈办腻鈥攖he centre-hold of spokes) must have two 补峁単耻濒补蝉 diametre. The spokes (ara) must have eight 补峁単耻濒补蝉 i.e. four 补峁単耻濒补蝉 on either side; outer rim (nemi-valaya) must be two 补峁単耻濒补蝉 wide i.e. one 补峁単耻濒补 on both sides. In total, the distance between the outer parts of the rim has 12 补峁単耻濒补蝉 diameter. There are four 箩惫腻濒腻蝉 on the rims. Two 箩惫腻濒腻蝉 with tongues must be from the middle (苍腻产丑颈). The flames must be 2陆-2 补峁単耻濒补蝉 high and three 补峁単耻濒补蝉 wide. The spoke (ara) may resemble yava grain or eye in shape. The spokes may be six, eight or twelve.

context information

Shilpashastra (啶多た啶侧�嵿お啶多ぞ啶膏�嵿い啷嵿ぐ, 艣颈濒辫补艣腻stra) represents the ancient Indian science (shastra) of creative arts (shilpa) such as sculpture, iconography and painting. Closely related to Vastushastra (architecture), they often share the same literature.

Pancaratra (worship of N腻r腻ya峁嘺)

Source: Wisdom Library: P腻帽car腻tra

1) Cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ, 鈥渄iscus鈥�):鈥擮ne of the nine symbols representing the cosmic principles of the universe, according to the P腻帽car腻tra literature. These nine weapons and ornaments symbolize the principles which they represent as the presiding deity. The Discus (cakra) represents universal mind.

2) Cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ) refers to an aspect of 苍峁泂颈峁僪补 (鈥榤补苍-濒颈辞苍鈥�), according to the Vihagendra-sa峁僪it腻 4.17, which mentions seventy-four forms (inlcuding twenty forms of 惫测奴丑补). He is also known as Cakra苍峁泂颈峁僪补 or Cakranarasi峁僪a. N峁泂i峁僪a is a Tantric deity and refers to the furious (ugra) incarnation of Vi峁ａ箛u.

The 15th-century Vihagendra-sa峁僪墨ta is a canonical text of the P腻帽car腻tra corpus and, in twenty-four chapters, deals primarely with meditation on mantras and sacrificial oblations.

: archive.org: Isvara Samhita Vol 5

Cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ) or Cakra尘耻诲谤腻 is the name of a 尘耻诲谤腻 described in the 莫艣varasa峁僪it腻 33-34.鈥擜ccordingly, 鈥渢he two hands are to be joined with each other and clearly stretched out and moved about like a wheel. This is called cakra尘耻诲谤腻, which destroys all miseries. This is the supreme 尘耻诲谤腻鈥�. M奴dra (eg., Cakra-尘耻诲谤腻) is so called as it gives joy to the tattvas in the form of karman for those who offer spotless worship, drive out the defects which move about within and without and sealing up of what is done.

: archive.org: Catalogue of Pancaratra Agama Texts

1) Cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ) is the name of a Mudr腻 (鈥渞itual hand-gestures鈥�), discussed in the twenty-fourth chapter of the 莫艣varasa峁僪it腻 (printed edition), a P腻帽car腻tra work in 8200 verses and 24 chapters dealing with topics such as routines of temple worship, major and minor festivals, temple-building and initiation.鈥擠escription of the chapter [尘耻诲谤腻-l补办峁�a峁嘺-bhagavaddhy腻na-腻di-prak腻ra]: N腻rada tells how one prepares himself for the practice of 尘耻诲谤腻-gestures鈥攚ashing the hands with sandal-paste, doing certain exercises with the fingers, ritually touching the chest with the thumbs and forefingers of both hands, executing certain motions with the palms joined, etc. (3-11). Different 尘耻诲谤腻-gestures are named and described (12-72): [e.g., cakra (34a)] [...]

2) Cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ) or Cakra尘耻诲谤腻 refers to one of the fifty-three Mudr腻s (ritual hand gestures) described in chapter 22 (Cary腻p腻da) of the 笔补诲尘补蝉补峁僪颈迟腻: the most widely followed of Sa峁僪it腻 covering the entire range of concerns of P腻帽car腻tra doctrine and practice (i.e., the four-fold formulation of subject matter鈥�箩帽腻苍补, yoga, 办谤颈测腻 and 肠补谤测腻) consisting of roughly 9000 verses.鈥擠escription of the chapter [尘耻诲谤腻l补办峁�a峁嘺-vidhi]: Brahm腻 asks the meaning, uses and varieties of 尘耻诲谤腻-gestures. Bhagav腻n says these finger movements are ways to fend off evil and to prevent those taking pleasure in harming others. Furthermore, they please the Lord-so long as they are demonstrated in private (1-5a). He then names and describes 53 尘耻诲谤腻-gestures: [e.g., cakra (48b-49a)] [...]

3) Cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ) or Cakra尘耻诲谤腻 refers to one of the Mudr腻s (gestures) discussed in chapter 31 of the 惭腻谤办补峁囜笉别测补蝉补峁僪颈迟腻: a P腻帽car腻tra text comprising some 2200 Sanskrit verses mainly dealing with temple-building, iconography, 辫奴箩腻 (worship procedures), utsava (festivities) and 辫谤腻测补艣肠颈迟迟补 (expiatory measures).鈥擠escription of chapter [尘耻诲谤腻-vidh腻na]: As a part of worship [辫奴箩腻峁単a], it is ordained in the 艣腻蝉迟谤补蝉 that certain 尘耻诲谤腻-gestures be done to please the gods (1). The ones listed and described are [e.g., Cakra-尘耻诲谤腻] [...]. When some of these are to be used in the worship of God is given (49b-58).

4) Cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ) or Cakra尘耻诲谤腻 is the name of a Mudr腻 (鈥渞itual hand-gestures鈥�) mentioned in in chapter 13 of the 痴颈艣惫腻尘颈迟谤补蝉补峁僪颈迟腻: a P腻帽car腻tra text comprising some 2600 Sanskrit verses covering topics such as initiation (诲墨办峁Ｄ�) and the construction, decoration and consecration of temples and icons, as well as routines of regular and special worship cycles.鈥擠escription of the chapter [尘耻诲谤腻-adhy腻ya]: K腻艣yapa asks what are the various types of 尘耻诲谤腻-gestures, and Vi艣v腻mitra complies by first defining 尘耻诲谤腻 as that by seeing which one derives pleasure (鈥�mu-鈥�) and then by counseling that whoever practices these 尘耻诲谤腻s must do so in secrecy (1-6). Thereupon he names and briefly describes how to perform a number of 尘耻诲谤腻s [e.g., cakra]

5) Cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ) or Cakra尘耻诲谤腻 is the name of a Mudr腻 mentioned in chapter 4 of the 痴颈峁ａ箛耻迟颈濒补办补蝉补峁僪颈迟腻: a P腻帽car腻tra text comprising 3500 Sanskrit verses covering the typically 鈥�agamic鈥� subjects which are being narrated by Brahm腻 to a number of sages.鈥擠escription of the chapter [测辞驳补-补诲丑测腻测补]: [...] The namatraya-mantra (Acyuta, Ananta and Govinda) is then mentioned, as is the 补驳苍颈辫谤腻办腻谤补-尘补苍迟谤补. This is followed by brief descriptions of 尘耻诲谤腻s [e.g., cakra-尘耻诲谤腻]鈥攚hich 鈥減lease鈥� Him (649-680).

6) Cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ) or Cakra尘耻诲谤腻 refers to one of the 37 Mudr腻s (hand-gestures) described in chapter 7 of the 痴颈峁ａ箛耻蝉补峁僪颈迟腻: a Sanskrit text written in 2600 verses which covers typical P腻帽car腻tra topics through a narrative dialogue between Aupag腻yana and Siddha Sumati.鈥擺Cf. the chapter 尘耻诲谤腻-l补办峁�a峁嘺].

7) Cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ) or Cakra尘耻诲谤腻 refers to one of the 81 Mudr腻s (hand-gestures) described in chapter 2 of the 峁氠梗ir腻tra section of the 厂补苍补迟办耻尘腻谤补蝉补峁僪颈迟腻: an encyclopedic Sanskrit text written in over 3500 verses dealing with a variety of topics such as yoga, temple-building, consecration ceremonies, initiation and dhanurveda (martial arts).鈥擺Cf. the chapter 尘耻诲谤腻-l补办峁�a峁嘺].

: SriMatham: Vai峁ａ箛ava Iconology based on Pa帽car腻tra 膧gama

The Discus (cakra):鈥�

bala svar奴pam atyanta javen腻ntarit腻nilam |
cakra svar奴pa帽ca mano dhatte 惫颈峁ａ箛耻岣� kare sthitam ||

鈥淚n the form of mighty power, revolving swifter than the winds鈥攖he Universal Mind in the form of a wheel is held in the hand of Vishnu.鈥� (Vi峁ａ箛u-pur腻峁嘺. 1;22; 70.)

The Cosmic Mind has the unlimited power which creates and destroys all spheres of existence (lokas) and forms of the universe, the nature of which is to revolve. According to the Ahirbudhnya Samhita 2;26, the Discus represents the 鈥渨ill-to-multiply鈥�. In the beginning the Lord said to Himself eko'ham bahu syam鈥斺�淚 am one, may I become many鈥�. And thus He projected the manifold universe that we see around us. There is only one center to the wheel but it is said to have a thousand spokes (蝉补丑补蝉谤腻谤补).

The Wheel has eight spokes and 8 wings, which represent the eight syllables of the sacred A峁ａ弓腻k峁�ar墨 mantra, while the outer circle of the wheel represents 鈥�尘腻测补鈥�, the divine power of manifestation.

In the microcosm the Universal Mind corresponds to the active-notion-of-individual-existence (rajas ahamkara) that is associated with the fiery principle.

鈥淭he prodigious power of the mind can destroy all forms of ignorance, hence the discus is the fearful weapon which cuts off the heads of all the demons of error鈥�. ( 艢r墨 Vi峁ａ箛nu tattva sidhanta 5;19 44 - 45)

context information

Pancaratra (啶�啶距�炧�嵿�氞ぐ啶距い啷嵿ぐ, p腻帽car腻tra) represents a tradition of Hinduism where Narayana is revered and worshipped. Closeley related to Vaishnavism, the Pancaratra literature includes various Agamas and tantras incorporating many Vaishnava philosophies.

Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy)

Source: Wisdom Library: Kubjik腻mata-tantra

Cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ):鈥擜ccording to tantric principles, the cakra is an inward representation of a 尘补峁囜笉补濒补, interiorized into the human body. These mystic centres are usually represented as a lotus. Different systems of such centres are recognized with varying number and symbolism. Gor补办峁�an腻tha (author of 办腻诲颈辫谤补办补谤补峁嘺 or 办耻产箩颈办腻尘补迟补-迟补苍迟谤补) recognizes twenty-eight or more of such centres with presiding deity and 艣补办迟颈蝉. These cakras symbolize the cosmic processes of emanation and re-integration in six levels and in them the S腻峁僰hya categories and the letters of the Sanskrit alphabet are represented.

: academia.edu: The 艢aiva Yogas and Their Relation to Other Systems of Yoga

Cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ).鈥擨n the Netratantra there are six cakras. K峁�emar腻ja鈥檚 Netratantroddyota commentary to 7.1cd鈥�5 locates them as follows: 鈥溾�楽eason鈥� stands for 鈥榮ix鈥�, [which are] the locations [called] 鈥榖irth鈥�, navel, heart, palate, 鈥榙rop鈥�, and 鈥榬esonance鈥�, where are found wheels (cakra) called 鈥榗hannel鈥� (苍腻岣峣), 鈥榠llusion鈥� (尘腻测腻), 鈥榰nion鈥� (yoga), 鈥榖reaking鈥� (bhedana), 鈥榚ffulgence鈥� (诲墨辫迟颈), and 鈥榯he peaceful鈥� (艣腻苍迟补), because they are the substrates (腻艣谤补测补) of the surges (prasara) of 苍腻岣峣, 尘腻测腻 别迟肠.鈥�

: Shodhganga: Temple management in the 膧gamas

Cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ) refers to one of the various Devat腻 weapons and represents a type of 鈥渢emple implement (instrument)鈥� as described in the Kara峁嘺l补办峁�a峁嘺vidhi-pa峁璦la section of the Uttara-K腻mik腻gama.鈥擳he instruments should be according to the particular 艣腻stra followed at the temple. Some of the instruments mentioned are weapons of all Devat腻s including [viz., cakra].

: Brill: 艢aivism and the Tantric Traditions

Cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ) refers to 鈥�(rites involving) alphabetical wheels 鈥�, according to the Brahmay腻mala-tantra (or Picumata), an early 7th century 艢aiva text consisting of twelve-thousand verses.鈥擶hile worship (测腻驳补, yajana) provides the essential paradigm for the Brahmay腻mala鈥檚 integration of inner and outer ritual, the principle and practice of their integration applies more widely. This is abundantly evident in the domain of 鈥渕agic,鈥� including all manner of rites involving alphabetical wheels (cakra), images of the deities (辫谤补迟颈尘腻), and two-dimensional figures (yantra). These processes may entail, for example, the fusion of the channels of one鈥檚 own body with the spokes drawn in the lotus of a cakra鈥攖he term n腻岣嵞� refers to both鈥攚hich may then be fused with the channels of the targeted victim (蝉腻诲丑测补).

: SOAS University of London: Protective Rites in the Netra Tantra

Cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ) refers to a class of 鈥渕ystical diagrams鈥�.鈥擳he terms 尘补峁囜笉补濒补, cakra, and yantra are each often translated as 鈥渕ystical diagram鈥�. These diagrams serve as spaces for ritual practice and are created so that the deities can appear within them. Each type has its own frequent characteristics... Cakras are diagrams that can be part of 尘补峁囜笉补濒补s, ritual diagrams in their own right, or are used as a synonym for 尘补峁囜笉补濒补 or yantra. As ritual diagrams, cakras can be circles of deities or associated with particular places of energy within the human body.

context information

Shaiva (啶多�堗��, 艣aiva) or Shaivism (艣aivism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshiping Shiva as the supreme being. Closely related to Shaktism, Shaiva literature includes a range of scriptures, including Tantras, while the root of this tradition may be traced back to the ancient Vedas.

Vastushastra (architecture)

Source: Wisdom Library: V腻stu-艣腻stra

Cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ):鈥擳he Sanskrit name for a classification of a 鈥榯emple鈥�, according to the Agnipur腻峁嘺, featuring a list of 45 temple types. It is listed under the group named Trivi峁ａ弓apa, featuring octagonal-shaped temples. This list represents the classification of temples in North-India.

: Google Books: The Hindu Temple, Volume 1

The Cakras of the microcosm are:

1. 惭奴濒腻诲丑腻谤补, the support of all the Cakras;
2. 惭补峁噄辫奴谤补, the seat of mind (manas);
3. 厂惫腻诲丑颈峁ａ弓丑腻苍补, the seat of intellect (buddhi);
4. 础苍腻丑补迟补, the seat of the principle of articulate sound (艢abdabrahman);
5. 痴颈艣耻诲诲丑颈, the seat of Ether (腻k腻艣a)
6. and 厂补丑补蝉谤腻谤补 or 艢iva-艢akti or Bindu, the point limit between the unmanifest and the manifest.

The eight Cakras are also given as the eight means necessary to control the inclinations of the inner faculties. They are:

1. Yama, restriction,
2. Niyama, opbservances,
3. 膧蝉补苍补, sitting posture,
4. 笔谤腻峁嚹乱腻尘补, breath control,
5. 笔谤补迟测腻丑腻谤补, emptying the mind from external objects,
6. 顿丑腻谤补峁嘺, its subsequent concentration,
7. 顿丑测腻苍补, keeping it concentrated
8. and 厂补尘腻诲丑颈, merging and dissolving it in the object of its concentration.

: archive.org: Catalogue of Pancaratra Agama Texts (vastu)

Cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ) [=Cakraka] refers to one of the fifty-two varieties of Temples (辫谤腻蝉腻诲补), as discussed in chapter 8 (Kriy腻p腻da) of the 笔补诲尘补蝉补峁僪颈迟腻: the most widely followed of Sa峁僪it腻 covering the entire range of concerns of P腻帽car腻tra doctrine and practice (i.e., the four-fold formulation of subject matter鈥�箩帽腻苍补, yoga, 办谤颈测腻 and 肠补谤测腻) consisting of roughly 9000 verses.鈥擠escription of the chapter [辫谤腻蝉腻诲补-bheda]:鈥擳his is ostensibly a highly technical chapter on varieties of 惫颈尘腻苍补-types. There are 52 varieties of 惫颈尘腻苍补s mentioned [e.g., Cakraka (or Vandira)] based on differences of 迟腻濒补-measurements and 补诲丑颈峁ａ弓丑腻苍补-basements; but the treatment upon examination gives only the most superficial of distinctions between one type and another.

context information

Vastushastra (啶掂ぞ啶膏�嵿い啷佮ざ啶距じ啷嵿い啷嵿��, v腻stu艣腻stra) refers to the ancient Indian science (shastra) of architecture (vastu), dealing with topics such architecture, sculpture, town-building, fort building and various other constructions. Vastu also deals with the philosophy of the architectural relation with the cosmic universe.

Purana and Itihasa (epic history)

: archive.org: Puranic Encyclopedia

1) Cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ).鈥擜 son of V腻suki, the N腻ga king. He died at the serpent yaj帽a (Sarpa Satra) of Janamejaya by falling into the fire. (膧di Parva, Chapter 57, Verse 6).

2) Cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ).鈥擮ne of the three attendants given to Subrahma峁噛a by Vi峁ａ箛u, the other two being Sa峁卥rama and Atikrama. (艢alya Parva, Chapter 45, Verse 40).

3) Cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ).鈥擮ne of the two attendants presented to Skandhadeva by Tva峁ａ弓a, the other one being Anucakra. (艢alya Parva, Chapter 45, Verse 40).

4) Cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ).鈥擲udar艣ana Cakra (disc) of Mah腻惫颈峁ａ箛耻. The Vi峁ａ箛u Pur腻峁嘺 contains the following story about the origin of the Cakra.

S奴ryadeva (the Sun God) married Sa峁僯帽腻, daughter of Vi艣vakarm腻. But, due to the insufferable heat of her husband the marital life of Sa峁僯帽腻 became miserable, and so she requested her father to lessen the heat of S奴rya. And, accordingly Vi艣vakarm腻 ground S奴rya on a grinding machine and thus diminished his effulgence. But, the grinding could diminish only (1/8) of that effulgence, which glowing red-hot dropped on the earth, and with that Vi艣vakarm腻 made the Sudar艣ana Cakra, the Tri艣奴la, the Pu峁�paka惫颈尘腻苍补 and the weapon called 艢akti. Out of those four things the Tri艣奴la came to be possessed by 艢iva, the Pu峁�paka惫颈尘腻苍补 by Kubera and 艢akti by Brahm腻. The Sudar艣ana Cakra which was glowing like anything was deposited in the sea. (Vi峁ａ箛u Pur腻峁嘺, Part 3, Chapter 2). There is a story in the 惭补丑腻产丑腻谤补迟补 as to how the Cakra thrown into the sea came into the possession of Mah腻惫颈峁ａ箛耻. While 艢r墨 K峁涐梗峁嘺 and Arjuna were picnicing on the shores of the Yamun腻 Agnideva went to them and requested them to give Kh腻峁囜笉ava forest to him for food. As T补办峁�aka, friend of Indra, was living in the forest the latter was causing heavy rains to fall there. K峁涐梗峁嘺 and Arjuna realized the fact that Agni would be able to consume the forest only after subjugating Indra. But, how to manage it? Then Agni said that he would supply the weapon to fight Indra with, and accordingly he meditated on Varu峁嘺, who presented to him (Agni) a chariot and flag with monkey as symbol, a quiver which would never become empty of arrows, a bow called G腻峁囜笉墨va and the Sudar艣ana Cakra. Agnideva gave the Cakra to 艢r墨 K峁涐梗峁嘺 and the other things to Arjuna. (惭补丑腻产丑腻谤补迟补 膧di Parva, Chapter 297).

5) Cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ).鈥擜 city in ancient India. (Bh墨峁�ma Parva, Chapter 9, Verse 45).

6) Cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ啶掂�嵿く啷傕��) or Cakra惫测奴丑补 refers to the 鈥淒isposition of an army in the shape of a wheel鈥�.鈥擠isposition of an army (惫测奴丑补) of four parts, (infantry, cavalry, elephants and chariots) in the battlefield, the arrangement of it, in various forms. It is said that during the period of 惭补丑腻产丑腻谤补迟补, there were various forms of disposition of the army.鈥擟akra-惫测奴丑补 is mentioned in the 惭补丑腻产丑腻谤补迟补 Bh墨峁�ma Parva, Chapter 34.

: archive.org: Shiva Purana - English Translation

1) Cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ) or 鈥渨heel鈥� refers to 鈥�(the bondage of the rope of activities) that revolves like a wheel (cakra)鈥�, as defined in the 艢ivapur腻峁嘺 1.18. Accordingly, 鈥渢he J墨va bound by the rope of activities revolves round and round for ever like a wheel (cakra) by means of the three types of body (艣腻谤颈谤补-迟谤补测补) and their activities (karma). The creator of the wheel (Cakrakart峁�) must be worshipped for the cessation of the revolution of the wheel. The Pra办峁泃i etc. constitute the great wheel and 艢iva is beyond the Pra办峁泃i. The creator of the wheel is the Lord 艢iva. He is beyond the Pra办峁泃i. Just as a boy drinks or spits out water as he pleases so also 艢iva keeps Pra办峁泃i etc. just as he pleases. He is called 艢iva because he has brought it under his control. (Va墨艣办峁泃a). 艢iva alone is omniscient, perfect and free from desire鈥�.

2) Cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ) refers to the 鈥渨heels鈥� (of a chariot), according to the 艢ivapur腻峁嘺 2.5.8 (鈥淭he detailed description of the chariot 别迟肠.鈥�).鈥擜ccordingly, as Sanatkum腻ra narrated to Vy腻sa: 鈥淭he divine chariot of lord 艢iva consisting of all the worlds was built by Vi艣vakarman with devoted effort. [...] The year constituted its velocity. The two Ayanas northern and southern constituted the junctions of the wheels and axles (肠补办谤补-蝉补峁僩补尘补). The Muh奴rtas constituted the joints and the Kal腻s the pins of the yoke. The division of time K腻峁ａ弓h腻 constituted the nose of the chariot and the K峁�a峁嘺s the axle-shaft. The Nime峁�as constituted the bottom of the carriage and the minutest divisions of time constituted the poles. [...]鈥�.

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: The Purana Index

1a) Cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ).鈥擜 son of Satyabh腻m腻 and K峁涐梗峁嘺.^*

• * Matsya-pur腻峁嘺 47. 17.

1b) The Discus of Hari (Trailokyamohana)¹ filed off from the tejas of the sun by Vi艣vakarman; cut off R腻hu's head.²

• 1) Bh腻gavata-pur腻峁嘺 I. 9. 4; VI. 8. 23; VII. 1. 45. IX. 5. 1. Brahm腻峁囜笉a-pur腻峁嘺 III. 72. 11; IV. 44. 116; V腻yu-pur腻峁嘺 51. 38; 55. 12; 84. 83.
• 2) Matsya-pur腻峁嘺 11. 29; 45. 15-16; 129. 35; 149. 8; 150. 73; 151. 8; 152. 2; 153. 198; 177. 9; 178. 13; 217. 32; 215. 14. Vi峁ａ箛u-pur腻峁嘺 III. 2. 11; IV. 15. 13; V. 17. 29.

1c) Mountain a hill of Ku艣adv墨pa.^*

• * Bh腻gavata-pur腻峁嘺 V. 20. 15.

1d) A t墨rtha visited by Balar腻ma.^*

• * Bh腻gavata-pur腻峁嘺 X. 78. 19.

1e) A mountain that entered the sea from fear of Indra鈥攁lso Cakravat.^*

• * Brahm腻峁囜笉a-pur腻峁嘺 II. 18. 78; Matsya-pur腻峁嘺 121. 72.

1f) The wheel of n补办峁�atras, and planets.^*

• * V腻yu-pur腻峁嘺 50. 93; 58. 23; Vi峁ａ箛u-pur腻峁嘺 IV. 13. 85 and 98.

1g) One of the seven ratnas of a king.^*

• * V腻yu-pur腻峁嘺 57. 68.

2) 颁补办谤腻 (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ啶�).鈥擜 river of the Bhadra continent.^*

• * V腻yu-pur腻峁嘺 43. 25.

: JatLand: List of Mahabharata people and places

Cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ) is a name mentioned in the 惭补丑腻产丑腻谤补迟补 (cf. I.52.5, I.57, IX.44.33) and represents one of the many proper names used for people and places. Note: The 惭补丑腻产丑腻谤补迟补 (mentioning Cakra) is a Sanskrit epic poem consisting of 100,000 艣濒辞办补蝉 (metrical verses) and is over 2000 years old.

context information

The Purana (啶�啷佮ぐ啶距��, pur腻峁嘺s) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India鈥檚 vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.

Dhanurveda (science of warfare)

Source: Wisdom Library: Dhanurveda

Cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ) refers to a weapon (also known as Sudar艣ana; A discus of sharp circular missile weapon). It is a Sanskrit word defined in the Dhanurveda-sa峁僪it腻, which contains a list of no less than 117 weapons. The Dhanurveda-sa峁僪it腻 is said to have been composed by the sage Vasi峁ａ弓ha, who in turn transmitted it trough a tradition of sages, which can eventually be traced to 艢iva and Brahm腻.

: archive.org: Catalogue of Pancaratra Agama Texts (dh)

Cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ) or 鈥渄iscus鈥� refers to the weapon produced from the mouth of N腻r腻ya峁嘺, as discussed in chapter 10 of the 峁氠梗ir腻tra section of the 厂补苍补迟办耻尘腻谤补蝉补峁僪颈迟腻: an encyclopedic Sanskrit text written in over 3500 verses dealing with a variety of topics such as yoga, temple-building, consecration ceremonies, initiation and dhanurveda (martial arts).鈥擠escription of the chapter [艣补蝉迟谤补濒补办峁�a峁嘺]: Sanatkum腻ra offers to recount the story of how the weapons of the Lord came into being when the gods requested N腻r腻ya峁嘺 to help them in their encounters with the demons. At their request He produced [e.g., the cakra-discus from His mouth] [...]. He also composed a handbook, known as the Dhanurveda, which has been passed down from generation to generation. It tells how to use these weapons, both as astra or as 艣补蝉迟谤补 effectively.

: Shodhganga: Kakati Ganapatideva and his times (weapons)

Cakra refers to a wheel and represents a kind of weapon employed in warfare by the soldiers, according to 艢r墨n腻tha鈥檚 15th century Palan腻峁璱v墨ra-caritra. The Vardhm腻napuram inscription states that the king should be proficient in dealing several varieties of weapons.

context information

Dhanurveda (啶оえ啷佮ぐ啷嵿さ啷囙う) refers to the 鈥渒nowledge of warfare鈥� and, as an upaveda, is associated with the 峁歡veda. It contains instructions on warfare, archery and ancient Indian martial arts, dating back to the 2nd-3rd millennium BCE.

Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)

: Google Books: Manthanabhairavatantram

1) Cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ, 鈥渄iscus鈥�) (cf. Cakrap腻峁噄) refers to one of the attributes of Vi峁ａ箛u, according to the second recension of the Yogakha峁囜笉a of the Manth腻nabhairavatantra, a vast sprawling work that belongs to a corpus of Tantric texts concerned with the worship of the goddess Kubjik腻.鈥擜ccordingly: 鈥淸...] Then, after the goddess Kum腻rik腻 had heard Vy腻sa鈥檚 words, she hid her M腻y腻 nature from him and assumed (her) Vai峁ａ箛ava form. Vi峁ａ箛u held a conch, discus (cakra), mace and rosary [艣补峁卥丑补cakra驳补诲腻p腻峁噄岣� 补办峁�as奴tra峁�]. Stainless (苍颈谤补帽箩补苍补), he wore yellow clothes and, mounted on Garu岣峚, he was radiant. Ke艣ava, that is, Jan腻rdhaka, was accompanied by Mah腻lak峁�m墨. (He), the god Hari, born from a lotus womb, is the imperishable cause (of all things). [...]鈥�.

2) Cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ, 鈥渄iscus鈥�) refers to the 鈥渟piritual centres鈥� (which the Ku峁囜笉alin墨 energy pierces), according to the Kubjik腻matatantra: the earliest popular and most authoritative Tantra of the Kubjik腻 cult.鈥擳he cardinal characteristic of Kaula initiation is that the teacher imparts it by awakening in his disciple the energy of Ku峁囜笉alin墨, which once aroused rises upward, piercing (vedha) through the spiritual centres (cakra鈥攍it. 鈥榳heels鈥�) in the disciple's subtle body. The Kubjik腻 Tantras attribute this to the Command.

3) Cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ) refers to the 鈥渨heel鈥� and as one of the weapons (attributes) of Goddess Kubjik腻 symbolizes 鈥渢he destruction of M腻y腻鈥�, according to the Manth腻nabhairavatantra.鈥擜ccordingly, 鈥�(Now) I will tell (you about) the great weapons of that (goddess) Kubjik腻. [...] (One) attains (ultimate) reality by means of the trident and M腻y腻 is destroyed by means of the wheel [i.e., cakra]. All diseases are destroyed by the thunderbolt while the goad is considered to be (the means to attract and) control. The enemy is destroyed by the arrow. The dagger is the avoidance of obstacles. Wealth is acquired by means of the severed head and the eight yogic powers by the ascetic鈥檚 staff鈥�.

: archive.org: Shakti and Shakta

Cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ) are centres of 艢akti as vital force. In other words, they are centres of Pr腻峁嘺艣akti manifested by Pr腻峁嘺v腻yu in the living body, the presiding Devat腻 of which are names for the Universal Consciousness as It manifests in the form of those centres. The Cakras are not perceptible to the gross senses, whatever may be a Yogi鈥檚 powers to observe what is beyond the senses (补迟墨苍诲谤颈测补). Even if they were perceptible in the living body which they help to organize, they disappear with the disintegration of organism at death.

: DSpace at Pondicherry: Siddha Cult in Tamilnadu (shaktism)

Cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ).鈥擜ccording to the 艢腻kta scheme there are six nerve-plexes or wheels (峁�a峁璫补办谤补蝉) within the human body.

These (six cakras) are in the:

1. 尘奴濒腻诲丑腻谤腻 (rectal region, at the base of the spine),
2. 蝉惫腻诲丑颈峁ａ弓丑腻苍补 (immediately above the sexual organs),
3. 尘补峁噄辫奴谤腻办补 (the region of the navel),
4. 补苍腻丑补迟补 (region around the heart),
5. 惫颈艣耻诲诲丑补 (at the front of the throat),
6. and 腻箩帽补 (between the eyebrows).

context information

Shakta (啶多ぞ啶曕�嵿��, 艣腻kta) or Shaktism (艣腻ktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.

Chandas (prosody, study of Sanskrit metres)

: Shodhganga: a concise history of Sanskrit Chanda literature

1) Cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ) is the name of an author of works dealing with prosodoy (chandas or 肠丑补苍诲补艣艣腻蝉迟谤补) quoted by 碍峁�e尘别苍诲谤补 (11th century) in his 厂耻惫峁泃迟补迟颈濒补办补. The 厂耻惫峁泃迟补迟颈濒补办补 is a monumental work of Sanskrit prosody in which the author discusses 27 popular metres which were used frequently by the poets (e.g., Cakra).

2) Cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ) refers to one of the 130 惫补谤峁嘺惫峁泃迟补蝉 (syllabo-quantitative verse) dealt with in the second chapter of the 痴峁泃迟补尘耻办迟腻惫补濒墨, ascribed to 顿耻谤驳腻诲补迟迟补 (19th century), author of eight Sanskrit work and patronised by Hindupati: an ancient king of the Bundela tribe (presently Bundelkhand of Uttar Pradesh). A Var峁嘺v峁泃ta (e.g., cakra) refers to a type of classical Sanskrit metre depending on syllable count where the light-heavy patterns are fixed.

context information

Chandas (啶涏え啷嵿う啶膏��) refers to Sanskrit prosody and represents one of the six Vedangas (auxiliary disciplines belonging to the study of the Vedas). The science of prosody (chandas-shastra) focusses on the study of the poetic meters such as the commonly known twenty-six metres mentioned by Pingalas.

Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology)

: Wikibooks (hi): Sanskrit Technical Terms

Cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ).鈥�1. Circle. 2. Twelve signs or 360掳. Note: Cakra is a Sanskrit technical term used in ancient Indian sciences such as Astronomy, Mathematics and Geometry.

context information

Jyotisha (啶溹�嵿く啷嬥い啶苦��, 箩测辞迟颈峁�a or jyotish) refers to 鈥榓stronomy鈥� or 鈥淰edic astrology鈥� and represents the fifth of the six Vedangas (additional sciences to be studied along with the Vedas). Jyotisha concerns itself with the study and prediction of the movements of celestial bodies, in order to calculate the auspicious time for rituals and ceremonies.

Kavya (poetry)

Source: Wisdom Library: Kath腻sarits腻gara

1) Cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ) or Cakraparvata is the name of a mountain situated on the island N腻rikela, as mentioned in the Kath腻sarits腻gara, chapter 54. Accordingly, as four heavenly figures said to Narav腻hanadatta: 鈥�... there is in the midst of the great sea a great, prosperous and splendid island, which is called the island of N腻rikela, and is renowned in the world for its beauty. And in it there are four mountains with splendid expanses of land, named Main腻ka, V峁涐梗abha, Cakra and Bal腻haka; in those four we four live鈥�.

2) Cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ) is the name of a merchant鈥檚 son (惫补峁噄办辫耻迟谤补) from Dhavala, according to the Kath腻sarits腻gara, chapter 56. Accordingly, 鈥�... in the city of Dhavala there was a merchant鈥檚 son named Cakra. He went on a trading voyage to Svar峁嘺dv墨pa against the will of his parents. There he gained great wealth in five years, and in order to return embarked on the sea in a ship laden with jewels鈥�.

The story of Cakra was narrated by Candrasv腻min to his son Mah墨p腻la in order to demonstrate that 鈥渙ne who is cursed by his father and mother does not long enjoy prosperity鈥�.

The Kath腻sarits腻gara (鈥榦cean of streams of story鈥�), mentioning Cakra, is a famous Sanskrit epic story revolving around prince Narav腻hanadatta and his quest to become the emperor of the 惫颈诲测腻诲丑补谤补蝉 (celestial beings). The work is said to have been an adaptation of Gu峁嚹遽笉hya鈥檚 B峁沨atkath腻 consisting of 100,000 verses, which in turn is part of a larger work containing 700,000 verses.

context information

Kavya (啶曕ぞ啶掂�嵿��, kavya) refers to Sanskrit poetry, a popular ancient Indian tradition of literature. There have been many Sanskrit poets over the ages, hailing from ancient India and beyond. This topic includes mahakavya, or 鈥榚pic poetry鈥� and natya, or 鈥榙ramatic poetry鈥�.

Vaishnavism (Vaishava dharma)

: Shodhganga: The significance of the m奴la-beras (vaishnavism)

Cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ) refers to 鈥渨heel鈥� and in the hand of Vi峁ａ箛u is called the 蝉耻诲补谤艣补苍补-肠补办谤补 [which] reveals many lofty ideas. Cakra is the solar symbol representing eternity. It symbolizes the wheel of time where the destiny of man is seen in all his ebbs and flows in life when he mounts up in fortune and goes down in adversity. It symbolizes the wheel of power representing sovereignty. Vi峁ａ箛u, as the protector of the universe, and as the Emperor of emperors, carries the wheel which is the symbolic of the power that he wields for the benefit of the universe. The cakra in Vi峁ａ箛u鈥檚 hand symbolizes the destructive ability of the Lord. The devotee prays to Lord Vi峁ａ箛u and gains all the fortunes from each part of the deity.

context information

Vaishnava (啶掂�堗し啷嵿ぃ啶�, vai峁ａ箛ava) or vaishnavism (vai峁ａ箛avism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshipping Vishnu as the supreme Lord. Similar to the Shaktism and Shaivism traditions, Vaishnavism also developed as an individual movement, famous for its exposition of the dashavatara (鈥榯en avatars of Vishnu鈥�).

Vedanta (school of philosophy)

: Shodhganga: Siva Gita A Critical Study

Cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ) refers to 鈥渨heel鈥�.鈥擜ny of the nerve plexes or centres of force and consciousness located with in the inner bodies of man. In the physical body there are corresponding nerve plexes, ganglia and glands. The seven principal cakras are situated along the spinal cord from the base to the cranial chamber. Additionally seven cakras exist below the spine. They are seats of instinctive consciousness, the origin of jealousy, hatred, envy, guilt, sorrow etc. They constitute the lower or hellish world, called Naraka or P腻迟腻濒补. Thus there are 14 major cakras in all.

The seven upper cakras 补谤别:鈥�

1. 尘奴濒腻诲丑腻谤补 (base of spine): memory time and space;
2. 蝉惫腻诲丑颈峁ａ弓丑补苍补 (below navel): reason;
3. 尘补峁噄辫奴谤补 (solar plexus): will power;
4. 补苍腻丑补迟补 (heart centre): direct cognition;
5. 惫颈艣耻诲诲丑补 (throat): divine love;
6. 腻箩帽腻 (third eye): divine sight;
7. 蝉补丑补蝉谤腻谤补 (crown of head): illumination, Godliness.

The seven lower cakras 补谤别:鈥�

1. atala (hips): fear and lust;
2. vitala (thighs); raging anger;
3. sutala (knees); retaliatory jealousy;
4. 迟补濒腻迟补濒补 (calves): prolonged mental confusion;
5. 谤补蝉腻迟补濒补 (ankles): selfishness;
6. 尘补丑腻迟补濒补 (feet); absence of consciousness;
7. p腻迟腻濒补 (located in the soles of the feet): murder and malice.

context information

Vedanta (啶掂�囙う啶距え啷嵿��, ved腻nta) refers to a school of orthodox Hindu philosophy (astika), drawing its subject-matter from the Upanishads. There are a number of sub-schools of Vedanta, however all of them expound on the basic teaching of the ultimate reality (brahman) and liberation (moksha) of the individual soul (atman).

Ayurveda (science of life)

Veterinary Medicine (The study and treatment of Animals)

: Shodhganga: Portrayal of Animal Kingdom (Tiryaks) in Epics An Analytical study

Cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ) refers to (a variant of) the Ruddy Shelduck (Tadorna ferruginea), according to scientific texts such as the M峁沢apak峁�i艣腻stra (Mriga-pakshi-shastra) or 鈥渢he ancient Indian science of animals and birds鈥� by Hamsadeva, containing the varieties and descriptions of the animals and birds seen in the Sanskrit Epics such as the Ramayana and Mahabharata.

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膧yurveda (啶嗋く啷佮ぐ啷嵿さ啷囙う, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of 膧yurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.

Yoga (school of philosophy)

: ORA: Amanaska (king of all yogas): A Critical Edition and Annotated Translation by Jason Birch

1) Cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ) refers to the 鈥渃ycle (of birth and death)鈥�, according to the 艢ivayogad墨pik腻 by Sad腻艣ivayog墨艣vara: a text dealing with 艢aivism and Ha峁環ayoga in two hundred and eighty-nine verses.鈥擜ccordingly, while discussing the difference between R腻jayoga and 艢aivayoga: 鈥淸...] Devotion is gnosis full of 艢iva, and 艢aiva gnosis is 艢iva鈥檚 nature. Since 艢aiva observance is worship of 艢iva, 艢iva's yoga is five-fold. He who is without the practice [of worshipping] 艢iva is certainly a bound soul, and he goes round and round forever in this cycle of birth and death (蝉补峁僺腻谤补-cakra)鈥�.

2) Cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ) refers to the 鈥渃ycles (of cosmic periods)鈥�, according to the Mok峁�op腻ya.鈥擜ccordingly: 鈥淸He is] known as Bhu艣u峁囜笉a [because] his long life is known throughout the world. He is strong-minded because he has seen the coming and going of the Ages [of the world], and he is exhausted counting the successions of cycles (cakra) in each cosmic period鈥�.

context information

Yoga is originally considered a branch of Hindu philosophy (astika), but both ancient and modern Yoga combine the physical, mental and spiritual. Yoga teaches various physical techniques also known as 腻sanas (postures), used for various purposes (eg., meditation, contemplation, relaxation).

Mantrashastra (the science of Mantras)

: Shodhganga: Kasyapa Samhita鈥擳ext on Visha Chikitsa (mantra)

Cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ, 鈥渄isc鈥�) or Cakra尘耻诲谤腻 refers to one of the Pa帽ca尘耻诲谤腻s (鈥渇ive 尘耻诲谤腻s or signs鈥�), according to the 艢e峁�a-samhit腻 (p.26, 尘耻诲谤腻vidhi).鈥擬antras refers to 鈥渢hat which is chanted by people to obtain their spiritual aspirations鈥�. Mantras must be accompanied by the prescribed 尘耻诲谤腻s or signs. Mudr腻 is the position of the hand and finger indicative of various moods and sentiments, and accelerate the effectiveness of the accompanying mantras. The 艢e峁�asamhit腻 states that the five Mudr腻s [e.g., disc (cakra-尘耻诲谤腻)] yield the four 辫耻谤耻峁Ｄ錼迟丑补蝉 when displayed in the middle and end of a japa.

context information

Mantrashastra (啶多た啶侧�嵿お啶多ぞ啶膏�嵿い啷嵿ぐ, 尘补苍迟谤补艣腻蝉迟谤补) refers to the ancient Indian science of mantras鈥攃hants, incantations, spells, magical hymns, etc. Mantra Sastra literature includes many ancient books dealing with the methods reciting mantras, identifying and purifying its defects and the science behind uttering or chanting syllables.

General definition (in Hinduism)

: archive.org: Vedic index of Names and Subjects

Cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ):鈥擳he chariot (ratha) has, as a rule, two wheels (cakra), to which reference is frequently made. The wheel consisted of a rim (Pavi), a felly (Pradhi), spokes (Ara), and a nave (Nabhya). The rim and the felly together constitute the Nemi. The hole in the nave is called Kha: into it the end of the axle was inserted ; but there is some uncertainty whether 膧峁噄 denotes the extremity of the axle that was inserted in the nave, or the lynch-pin used to keep that extremity in the wheel. Sometimes a solid wheel was used.

: WikiPedia: Hinduism

Chakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ): An energy node in the human body. The seven main chakras are described as being aligned in an ascending column from the base of the spine to the top of the head. Each chakra is associated with a certain colour, multiple specific functions, an aspect of consciousness, a classical element, and other distinguishing characteristics.

In Buddhism

Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism)

: Google Books: The Crystal Mirror of Philosophical Systems

Cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ) (in Tibetan: 'khor lo) 鈥� In tantric theory, one of a number of 鈥渨heels鈥� at the intersection of important channels in the subtle body . The cakras are important for understanding human physiology and meditative praxis, and are replete with symbolic significance. The most commonly mentioned are those at the sexual organ, navel, heart, throat, forehead, and crown

: academia.edu: The Structure and Meanings of the Heruka Ma峁囜笉ala

Cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ) refers to a 鈥渄iscus鈥� and represents one of the items held in the right hand of Heruka: one of the main deities of the Heruka尘补峁囜笉补濒补 described in the 10th century 岣屇錵腻谤峁嘺惫补 chapter 15. Heruka is positioned in the Lotus (padma) at the center; He is the origin of all heroes; He has 17 faces (with three eyes on each) and 76 arms [holding, for example, cakra]; He is half black and half green in color; He is dancing on a flaming sun placed on Bhairava and K腻lar腻tr墨.

: De Gruyter: Himalayan Anthropology: The Indo-Tibetan Interface

Cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ) refers to the 鈥渃ircular arrangements within the head, throat, heart, stomach, and genitals鈥�, according to William Stablein鈥檚 A Descriptive Analysis of the Content of Nepalese Buddhist Pujas as a Medical-Cultural System (with References to Tibetan Parallels).鈥擳丑别 tshog shin (sacred tree) is also mentally visualized.鈥擺...] The education and training of the hierophant (惫补箩谤腻肠腻谤测补) may be significant for the existence and maintenance of his vajradeha [Vajra body] which is the main dynamo of the system. The Vajra body is the model system of three nerves: 濒补濒补苍腻, 谤补蝉补苍腻, and 补惫补诲丑奴迟墨, which are located in the left, right, and middle parts of the body respectively. With these nerves there are five cakra [circular arrangements within the head, throat, heart, stomach, and genitals]. The main function of this unit is the sacred procreation, i.e., the creation of the bodhicitta [sacred semen].

: MUNI Arts: Kalachakra and the twenty-five Kulika kings of Shambhala

Cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ) refers to a 鈥渨heel鈥� and represents one of the attributes of Bhadra or Rigden Zangpo鈥攐ne of the Twenty-five Kulikas as well as one of the traditional Shambhala rulers.鈥擧is attributes are a wheel (Sanskrit: cakra, Tibetan: khorlo [khor lo]; berdo [be rdo]) and a white conch shell.

Cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ) or 鈥渨heel鈥� also represents one of the attributes of 狈补谤补蝉颈峁僪补 or Rigden Misengge.

context information

Tibetan Buddhism includes schools such as Nyingma, Kadampa, Kagyu and Gelug. Their primary canon of literature is divided in two broad categories: The Kangyur, which consists of Buddha鈥檚 words, and the Tengyur, which includes commentaries from various sources. Esotericism and tantra techniques (惫补箩谤补测腻苍补) are collected indepently.

Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)

: academia.edu: A Study and Translation of the Gaganaga帽japarip峁沜ch腻

1) Cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ) refers to the 鈥渇our wheels鈥� of Mah腻y腻na, according to the Gaganaga帽japarip峁沜ch腻: the eighth chapter of the Mah腻sa峁僴ip腻ta (a collection of Mah腻y腻na Buddhist S奴tras).鈥擜ccordingly, 鈥淭he great vehicle (尘补丑腻测腻苍补) is made with four wheels (cakra), namely with the means of attraction, the spokes (ara) are well fitted as the roots of good have been transformed (辫补谤颈峁嚹錷颈迟补) with intention (腻艣补测补), it is well made with a deep nave as there is the immense knowledge of dependent origination (辫谤补迟墨迟测补蝉补尘耻迟辫腻诲补), it is well kept together by the axle (补办峁�a)1494 in order to bear the burdens of all living beings, [...]鈥�.

2) Cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ) refers to the 鈥渨heel (of the dharma)鈥�, according to the Gaganaga帽japarip峁沜ch腻.鈥擜ccordingly, as Bodhisattva Gaganaga帽ja explains to Bodhisattva Ratna艣r墨 what kind of concentration should be purified: 鈥淸...] (39) [when the Bodhisattvas attain] the concentration called 鈥楽tainless wheel鈥�, the wheel of the dharma will be purified (dharma-cakra); [...]鈥�.

context information

Mahayana (啶�啶灌ぞ啶�啶距え, 尘补丑腻测腻苍补) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many 蝉奴迟谤补蝉 of which some of the earliest are the various Praj帽腻p腻ramit腻 蝉奴迟谤补蝉.

General definition (in Buddhism)

Source: Wisdom Library: Dharma-samgraha

Cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ, 鈥渨heel鈥�) or Cakraratna refers to the 鈥渨heel jewel鈥� and represents the first of the 鈥渟even jewels of universal monarchs鈥� (saptaratna) as defined in the Dharma-sa峁僩raha (section 85). The Dharma-samgraha (Dharmasangraha) is an extensive glossary of Buddhist technical terms in Sanskrit (e.g., cakra). The work is attributed to Nagarjuna who lived around the 2nd century A.D.

: Buddhist Door: GlossaryA wheel in Yoga, one of the psychic centres of the body.

In Jainism

General definition (in Jainism)

: Google Books: Jainism: An Indian Religion of Salvation

Cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ, 鈥渄iscus鈥�).鈥擮ne of the fourteen gems (ratna) serving the Cakravartin;鈥擳he cakra is a discus embellished with jewels; the Cakra惫补谤迟墨 hurls it in the battle againts his opponent. Provided with unfailing power, it returns into the hand of the one who has thrown it, after it has smashed the head of the enemy. If it does not immediately kill the opponent for some reason, then it follows him, likea falcon its booty where it can destroy him.

context information

Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, 鈥榮elf-reliance鈥�) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.

India history and geography

Source: Wisdom Library: Teachers, Saints and Sages

Cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ) or Cakran腻tha refers to one of the eighty-four Siddhas (Siddh腻c腻ryas) mentioned in various sources as being representative teachers of Sahajiya Tantrism, Alchemy, Nath Sampradaya and other traditions having influence in the Indian subcontinent and the Himalayas.鈥擬any of these Mah腻siddhas [e.g., Cakra-n腻tha] were historical figures whose lives and mystical powers were the subject of legends. They are often associated with teachings belonging to Hinduism, Buddhism, Ajivikism and Jainism and are evident of a caste-less interreligious spiritual society.

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Indian Epigraphical Glossary

Cakra.鈥攃f. Cakrin (EI 4); a district; same as 尘补峁囜笉补濒补. Cf. sakkaram (SITI), wheel of authority; the king's order; an officer entrusted with the execution of the king's order. (CII 3), 鈥榯he discus鈥�; an emblem on seals. Cf. 艣akkara-k腻峁噄kkai (SITI), Sanskrit-Tamil; tax paid by potters; also called tirigai-腻yam. Note: cakra is defined in the 鈥淚ndian epigraphical glossary鈥� as it can be found on ancient inscriptions commonly written in Sanskrit, Prakrit or Dravidian languages.

: Yale Journal of Music & Religion: Ritual Music in Contemporary Brahmanical Tantric Temples of Kerala

Cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ) refers to the 鈥渆nergetic centers鈥� of the Human Body which is represented by the Temple.鈥擜nother category of correspondences between the Temple and the Human Body (according to texts and performers in Kerala) is established on the vertical plane, and in this case it relates to the so-called energetic centers (cakras) situated along the internal channel (蝉耻峁�u尘苍腻) in the spine.

The Cakras are:

1. 尘奴濒腻诲丑腻谤补,
2. 蝉惫腻诲丑颈峁�t丑腻苍补,
3. 尘补苍颈辫奴谤补,
4. 补苍腻丑补迟补,
5. 惫颈峁�u诲诲丑补, and
6. 腻箩苍腻.

At the base of the channel, imagined as a coiled serpent in the lowest of the Cakras (尘奴濒腻诲丑腻谤补), Ku峁囜笉alin墨, the feminine life force or 艢akti, is thought to reside. At the opposite end, above the six power centers, the thousand-petaled lotus (蝉补丑补蝉谤腻谤补-cakra) is the abode of 艢iva. Before the erection of the 艣谤墨办艒惫颈濒 (鈥渟hrine鈥�), a hole is made in the place where the deity will be installed. In this hole, which represents the 蝉耻峁�u尘苍腻, six symbolic elements associated with the six centers (cakras) in the human body are installed, one over the other.

context information

The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.

Languages of India and abroad

Marathi-English dictionary

: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionary

cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ).鈥攏 (S) A wheel. 2 A discus or sharp circular missile weapon, esp. the discus of 惫颈峁ａ箛耻. 3 A play thing, a bandalour. 4 Circular lines at the finger-ends (opp. to the conchform lines); held as a favorable sign. 5 An army, a host, an assemblage. 6 A realm, region, country: also a province or district. 7 A cant term for the dish 惫补岣嵞�. 8 A common term for the two wheels attached to the ends of the 办补辫腻岣穉办腻峁环墨 of a loom: or for the wheel supplying the 办补辫腻岣穉办腻峁环墨 (or 岣峢脓峁卥补峁嚹�) in its absence. 9 A form of array of troops,--the circle. 10 A whirlpool. 11 A diagram of various forms for calculating nativities or foretelling events. 12 An anatomical division of the body, --a ring or a depression. Six are reckoned: viz. 腻dh腻ra-li峁単a-苍腻产丑颈-h峁泃-ka峁囜弓ha-bhr奴-cakra. See further under 峁�a峁璫补办谤补产丑脓诲补. 13 A cycle of years. 14 In astronomy. A sphere or circle, as 谤腻艣颈cakra, pr腻k- cakra, jy艒ti峁�acakra. 15 (Vulgar.) A trouble; a maze, vortex, puzzle, quandary.

: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-English

cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ).鈥�n A wheel. An army, a host, an as- semblage. (Astronomy) A sphere or circle, as 谤腻艣颈cakra, jy艒ti峁�acakra. A trouble, a maze, vortex, puzzle, quandary.

context information

Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.

Sanskrit dictionary

: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary

Cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ).鈥擺kriyate anena, 办峁� gha帽arthe< ka ni掳 dvitvam Tv.]

1) The wheel of a carriage; 啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ啶掂い啷嵿お啶班た啶掂ぐ啷嵿い啶ㄠ�嵿い啷� 啶︵�佮�冟�栢ぞ啶ㄠ�� 啶� 啶膏�佮�栢ぞ啶ㄠた 啶� (cakravatparivartante du岣�kh腻ni ca sukh腻ni ca) H.1.173.

2) A potter's wheel.

3) A sharp circular missile, weapon, a disc (especially applied to the weapon of Vi峁ａ箛u).

4) An oil-mill; 啶︵ざ啶膏�傕え啶距じ啶�啶� 啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ啶� 啶︵ざ啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ啶膏ぎ啷� 啶о�嵿さ啶溹�� (da艣as奴n腻sama峁� cakra峁� da艣acakrasamo dhvaja岣�) 惭补丑腻产丑腻谤补迟补 (Bombay) 13.125.9.

5) A circle, ring; 啶曕げ啶距お- 啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ啷囙し啷� 啶ㄠた啶掂�囙ざ啶苦い啶距え啶ㄠぎ啷� (办补濒腻辫补- cakre峁�u nive艣it腻nanam) 峁歵usa峁僪腻ra 2.14.

6) A troop, multitude, collection, 艢i艣up腻lavadha 2.17.

7) A realm, sovereignty; 啶膏�嵿さ啶膏�嵿ぅ啶� 啶膏�嵿さ啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ啶� 啶�啶班�氞�曕�嵿ぐ啶�啷佮�曕�嵿い啶�啷� (svastha峁� svacakra峁� paracakramuktam) Bu. Ch.2.15; cf. 啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ啶� 啶膏�堗え啷嵿く啶ムぞ啶權�嵿�椸く啷嬥�� 啷� 啶班ぞ啶粪�嵿�熰�嵿ぐ啷� 啶︵ぎ啷嵿き啶距え啷嵿い啶班�� (cakra峁� sainyath腻峁単ayo岣� | r腻峁ａ弓re dambh腻ntare) ... ()| Medin墨.

8) A province, district, a group of villages.

9) A form of military array in a circle.

1) A circle or depression of the body.

11) A cycle, cycle of years.

12) The horizon; 啶�啶距さ啶︵ぞ啶掂ぐ啷嵿い啶む�� 啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ啶� 啶むぞ啶掂い啷� 啶�啷� 啶掂じ啷佮え啷嵿ぇ啶班ぞ (y腻vad腻vartate cakra峁� t腻vat墨 me vasundhar腻) 搁腻尘.2.1.36.

13) An army, a host.

14) Section of a book.

15) A whirlpool.

16) The winding of a river.

17) An astronomical circle; 啶班ぞ啶多た掳 (谤腻艣颈掳) the zodiac.

18) Circular flight (of birds &c.).

19) A particular constellation in the form of a hexagon.

2) Range, department in general.

21) The convolutions or spiral marks of the 啶多ぞ啶侧た啶椸�嵿ぐ啶距�� (艣腻濒颈驳谤腻尘补).

22) A crooked or fraudulent contrivance.

-办谤补岣� 1 The ruddy goose (also called 肠补办谤补惫腻办补); 啶�啶︵�嵿ぎ啷嬥げ啷嵿げ啶距じ啶掂た啶оぞ啶�啶苦え啶� 啶膏い啷嵿お啶ムう啷�啶�啷嵿い啶苦�曕�冟い啶� 啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ啶�啶掂�嵿く啶曕ぐ啷� (padmoll腻savidh腻yini satpatha诲墨辫迟颈办峁泃i cakrabhavyakare) Vi艣. Gu峁嚹�.274.

2) A multitude, troop, group.

Derivable forms: cakram (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ啶�啷�).

--- OR ---

颁腻办谤补 (啶氞ぞ啶曕�嵿��).鈥�a. (-办谤墨 f.) [啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ啷囙ぃ 啶ㄠた啶班�嵿さ啷冟い啷嵿い啶� 啶呧ぃ啷� (cakre峁嘺 nirv峁泃ta峁� a峁�)]

1) Carried on with the discus (as a battle).

2) Circular.

3) Relating to a wheel.

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary

Cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ).鈥�nt., circle; (= Pali cakka) one of the four circles or states of (desirable, happy) existence (in which gods and men may find themselves): catv腻ri devamanu- 峁�y腻峁嚹遽箖 cakr腻峁噄 惭补丑腻惫测耻迟辫补迟迟颈 1603 (similarly Pali A峁単uttaranik腻ya (Pali) ii.32.1), listed 1604鈥�7, pratir奴pade艣av腻sa岣�, satpuru峁Ｄ錺腻艣谤补测补m, 腻tmana岣� samyakpra峁噄dh腻nam, p奴rve ca 办峁泃apu峁噛at腻 (= Pali ibid. 5 pa峁璱r奴padesav腻so sappuris奴passayo at- tasamm腻pa峁噄dhi pubbe ca katapu帽帽at腻); see further cakra-bheda, vidyuc-cakra.

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ).鈥攎.

(-办谤补岣�) 1. The ruddy or Brahmani goose, (Anas casarca.) n.

(-办谤补峁�) 1. An army, a host. 2. A realm, a region. 3. A multitude, a heap 4. A wheel. 5. A potter鈥檚 wheel. 6. An oil mill, &c. 7. A discus or sharp circular missile weapon. 8. A whirlpool. 9. A province, a number of villages, a district. 10. A form of military array, a circular position. 11. A diagram of various sorts for calculating nativities or foretelling events. 12. A ring, circle or depression of the body for mystical, astrological or cheiromantic purposes; six such are enumerated, or Muladhara the parts about the pubis, above that is the Swadhishthanam or umbilical region, and above that the Munipuram or pit of the stomach or epigastrium, Anahatam is the root of the nose, Visuddham the hollow between the frontal sinuses, and the Ajnyakhyam the fontenelle or union of the coronal and sagittal sutures; various faculties and divinities are supposed to be present in these hollows. 13. A cycle, a cycle of years. 14. (In Astronomy,) A sphere or circle, as 谤腻艣颈肠补办谤补峁� the zodiac; 辫谤腻办肠补办谤补峁� an epicycle. 15. The horizon. 16. The spiral marks of the Salagram or ammonite. E. 办峁� to do or make, with the reduplicate initial letter, affix ka, or cak to repel, &c. with rak aff.

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ).鈥擨. n. 1. A wheel, [惭腻苍补惫补诲丑补谤尘补艣腻蝉迟谤补] 8, 291. 2. A potter鈥檚 wheel, [Y腻箩帽补valkya, (ed. Stenzler.)] 3, 146. 3. A discus, or sharp circular missile weapon, especially of Vi峁ａ箛u, [R腻尘腻测补峁嘺] 1, 29, 6. 4. An oil-press, [惭腻苍补惫补诲丑补谤尘补艣腻蝉迟谤补] 4, 84. 5. A circle, [搁腻箩补迟补谤补峁単颈峁嚹�] 5, 230. 6. A form of military array, a circular position. 7. An astrological or mystical figure, [搁腻箩补迟补谤补峁単颈峁嚹�] 5, 55 (尘腻迟峁�-). 8. A multitude, [R腻尘腻测补峁嘺] 6, 75, 39. 9. An army, 惭补丑腻产丑腻谤补迟补 5, 1939. 10. Dominion, [Bh腻gavata-Pur腻峁嘺, (ed. Burnouf.)] 9, 20, 32. Ii. m. 1. The ruddy goose, Anas casarca, 惭补丑腻产丑腻谤补迟补 9, 443. 2. The name of a people, 惭补丑腻产丑腻谤补迟补 6, 352. 3. A proper name, 惭补丑腻产丑腻谤补迟补 1, 2147. 4. The name of a mountain, [Bh腻gavata-Pur腻峁嘺, (ed. Burnouf.)] 5, 20, 15.

--- OR ---

颁腻办谤补 (啶氞ぞ啶曕�嵿��).鈥攊. e. cakra + a, adj. Performed with a discus, [Hariva峁兣沘, (ed. Calc.)] 5648.

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ).鈥擺neuter] [masculine] wheel (lit. & [figuratively]), discus ([especially] of Vi峁ａ箛u); orb, circle; troop, multitude, army; circuit, district, province, domain. 鈥擺masculine] a kind of duck, also a man鈥檚 name; [feminine] ca办谤墨 wheel.

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Aufrecht Catalogus Catalogorum

Cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ) as mentioned in Aufrecht鈥檚 Catalogus Catalogorum:鈥攁n abbreviation of Cakrap腻峁噄datta. See Catal. Io. p. 937. 939.

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) Cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ):鈥�n. ([Vedic or Veda] rarely m.; [gana] 补谤诲丑补谤肠腻诲颈; [from] 鈭�car?; 鈭�1. 办峁�, [P腻峁噄ni 6-1, 12; K腻艣ik腻-v峁泃ti]) the wheel (of a carriage, of the Sun鈥檚 chariot [峁歡-veda], of Time [i, 164, 2-48]; 办谤补峁�-鈭歝补谤, to drive in a carriage, [艢atapatha-br腻hma峁嘺 vi]), [峁歡-veda] etc.

2) a potter鈥檚 wheel, [艢atapatha-br腻hma峁嘺 xi; Y腻箩帽补valkya iii, 146] (cf. -bhrama etc.)

3) a discus or sharp circular missile weapon ([especially] that of Vi峁ａ箛u), [惭补丑腻产丑腻谤补迟补; R腻尘腻测补峁嘺; Su艣ruta; Pa帽catantra; Bh腻gavata-pur腻峁嘺]

4) an oil-mill, [Manu-sm峁泃i iv. 85; 惭补丑腻产丑腻谤补迟补 xii, 6481 & 7697]

5) a circle, [R腻尘腻测补峁嘺; Bh腻gavata-pur腻峁嘺] etc. (办补濒腻辫补-, 鈥榯he circle of a peacock鈥檚 tail鈥� [峁歵usa峁僪腻ra ii, 14])

6) an astronomical circle (e.g. 谤腻艣颈-, the zodiac), [Var腻ha-mihira鈥檚 B峁沨at-sa峁僪it腻; S奴ryasiddh腻nta]

7) a mystical circle or diagram, [Tantr.]

8) = -bandha q.v., [S腻hitya-darpa峁嘺 x, 13 a/b]

9) a cycle, cycle of years or of seasons, [Hariva峁兣沘 652]

10) 鈥榓 form of military array (in a circle)鈥� See -惫测奴丑补

11) circular flight (of a bird), [Pa帽catantra ii, 57]

12) a particular constellation in the form of a hexagon, [Var腻ha-mihira鈥檚 B峁沨at-sa峁僪it腻 xx; Var腻ha-mihira鈥檚 B峁沨ajj腻taka; Laghuj腻taka, by Var腻ha-mihira]

13) a circle or depression of the body (for mystical or chiromantic purposes; 6 in number, one above the other, viz. 1. 尘奴濒腻诲丑腻谤补, the parts about the pubis; 2. 蝉惫腻诲丑颈峁ａ弓丑腻苍补, the umbilical region; 3. 尘补峁噄-辫奴谤补, the pit of the stomach or epigastrium; 4. 补苍腻丑补迟补, the root of the nose; 5. 惫颈艣耻诲诲丑补, the hollow between the frontal sinuses; 6. 腻箩帽腻khya, the fontanelle or union of the coronal and sagittal sutures; various faculties and divinities are supposed to be present in these hollows)

14) Name of a metre (= -辫腻迟补)

15) a circle or a similar instrument (used in [astronomy]), [Laghuj腻taka, by Var腻ha-mihira; S奴ryasiddh腻nta xiii, 20; Gol腻dhy腻ya xi, 10 ff.]

16) (also m., [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasi峁僪a, hal腻测耻诲丑补, hemacandra, etc.]) a troop, multitude, [惭补丑腻产丑腻谤补迟补 v, ix] (办谤腻惫补濒墨, q.v.), [Hariva峁兣沘; R腻尘腻测补峁嘺] etc.

17) the whole number of (in [compound]), [Sarvadar艣ana-sa峁僩raha xi, 127]

18) a troop of soldiers, army, host, [惭补丑腻产丑腻谤补迟补] (ifc. f(腻). , [iii, 640]), [Bh腻gavata-pur腻峁嘺 i, ix; C腻峁嘺kya]

19) a number of villages, province, district, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasi峁僪a, hal腻测耻诲丑补, hemacandra, etc.]

20) ([figuratively]) range, department, [Var腻ha-mihira鈥檚 B峁沨at-sa峁僪it腻 xxx, 33]

21) the wheel of a monarch鈥檚 chariot rolling over his dominions, sovereignty, realm, [Y腻箩帽补valkya i, 265; 惭补丑腻产丑腻谤补迟补 i, xiii; Bh腻gavata-pur腻峁嘺 ix, 20, 32; Vi峁ａ箛u-pur腻峁嘺]

22) n. ([plural]) the winding of a river, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasi峁僪a, hal腻测耻诲丑补, hemacandra, etc.]

23) a whirlpool, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasi峁僪a, hal腻测耻诲丑补, hemacandra, etc.]

24) a crooked or fraudulent device (cf. cakrik腻), [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasi峁僪a, hal腻测耻诲丑补, hemacandra, etc.]

25) the convolutions or spiral marks of the 艢腻la-gr腻ma or ammonite, [Horace H. Wilson]

26) Name of a medicinal plant or drug, [Su艣ruta vf.]

27) of a T墨rtha, [Bh腻gavata-pur腻峁嘺 x, 78, 19]

28) m. the ruddy goose or Br腻hmany duck (Anas Casarca, called after its cries; cf. -v腻ka), [惭补丑腻产丑腻谤补迟补 ix, 443; B腻lar腻尘腻测补峁嘺 viii, 58; Kath腻sarits腻gara lxxii, 40; 艢腻r峁単adhara-paddhati]

29) ([plural]) Name of a people, [惭补丑腻产丑腻谤补迟补 vi, 352]

30) ([gana] a艣v腻di) Name of a man, [B峁沨ad-腻ra峁噛aka-upani峁�ad iii, 4], 1 [Scholiast or Commentator]

31) of another man, [Kath腻sarits腻gara lvi, 144]

32) of a N腻ga, [惭补丑腻产丑腻谤补迟补 i, 2147]

33) of one of Skanda鈥檚 attendants, [惭补丑腻产丑腻谤补迟补 ix, 2539 and 2542]

34) of a mountain, [Bh腻gavata-pur腻峁嘺 v, 20, 15; Kath腻sarits腻gara liv. 16]

35) 颁补办谤腻 (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ啶�):鈥擺from cakra] f. a kind of Cyperus or another plant, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasi峁僪a, hal腻测耻诲丑补, hemacandra, etc.]

36) Cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ):鈥�cf. a-, a峁ａ弓腻-, ucc腻-, eka-, k腻la-, 办奴-, 诲补峁囜笉补-, dik-, dharma-, mah腻-, m腻t峁�-, rodha-, 惫颈峁ａ箛耻-, sa-, sapta-, 丑颈谤补峁噛补-; triand sucakra; cf. also, 魏蠉魏位慰蟼, [Latin] circus; [Anglo-Saxon] hveohl, Engl. wheel.

37) 颁腻办谤补 (啶氞ぞ啶曕�嵿��):鈥�mfn. ([from] cakra) carried on (a battle) with the discus, [Hariva峁兣沘 5648]

38) belonging to a wheel, [Horace H. Wilson]

39) circular, [Horace H. Wilson]

40) m. Name of a man, [艢atapatha-br腻hma峁嘺 xii.]

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ):鈥擺(kra岣�-办谤补峁�)] 1. m. The ruddy goose. n. An army; a realm; a heap; a discus; a wheel; a goose.

: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)

Cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Cakka, 颁补办办墨.

[Sanskrit to German]

context information

Sanskrit, also spelled 啶膏�傕じ啷嵿�曕�冟い啶�啷� (sa峁僺办峁泃am), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.

Hindi dictionary

: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionary

Cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ) [Also spelled chakra]:鈥�(nm) a wheel; cycle; circle; disc, discus; discus-shaped missile; ~[gati] circular motion; ~[峁嘺] spin(ning); ~[dhara] armed with a discus-shaped missile; an epithet of Lord Vishnu; ~[惫补谤迟墨] universal; (an emperor) ruling over a vast empire; ~[v腻ta] a whirlwind, cyclone; ~[惫峁沝诲丑颈] compound (interest); ~[惫测奴丑补] a circular array of troops; impregnable battle-array (as practised in ancient Indian military strategy); —[cal腻n腻] see [cakkara] (—[cal腻n腻]).

context information

...

Kannada-English dictionary

: Alar: Kannada-English corpus

Cakra (嗖氞矔喑嵿舶):鈥�

1) [noun] the wheel of a carriage or in any machine.

2) [noun] a potter鈥檚 wheel.

3) [noun] a circle or ring.

4) [noun] the sharp circular missile weapon (esp. of Vi峁ａ箛u); a disc.

5) [noun] the earth.

6) [noun] a state, nation or country.

7) [noun] a multitude of a large number of persons.

8) [noun] a troop of soldiers.

9) [noun] a form of military array in a circle.

10) [noun] a circle or depression of the body.

11) [noun] the line or circle that forms the apparent boundary between earth and sky; the horizon.

12) [noun] the ruddy goose, the male and female of which are supposed to be together always.

13) [noun] a net (as the one used by hunters).

14) [noun] (arch.) a monetary coin equal to a fourth of a rupee.

15) [noun] any of the six mystic circles, the dormant energy of the body when aroused and passed through these would give the person mystical experience and powers.

16) [noun] (pros.) a particular kind of composition.

17) [noun] (dance.) a particular movement of both the hands together.

18) [noun] (fig.) a becoming nothing or missing completely; a being lost.

19) [noun] 嗖氞矔喑嵿舶嗖灌簿嗖曕硜 [cakrahaku] cakra h腻ku to make (something) invisible; 2. (fig.) to cheat; to dupe; to deceive by trickery.

--- OR ---

Cakra (嗖氞矔喑嵿舶):鈥擺noun] a village servant working under the village chief or accountant.

--- OR ---

Cakra (嗖氞矔喑嵿舶):鈥擺noun] a kind of fish .

context information

Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.

Nepali dictionary

: unoes: Nepali-English Dictionary

Cakra (啶氞�曕�嵿ぐ):鈥攏. 1. Mythol. discuss of lord Vishnu; 2. a potter's wheel; 3. circle; ring; orb; 4. (yoga) different mystical circles in the body like mooladhar, agya, brahmarandhra, etc.; 5. (of a vehicle) wheel; 6. state; sovereignty; realm; 7. spiral lines in the fingers; 8. group; ring; 9. a cycle of years; 10. nerve centre of the subtle body;

context information

Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.

See also (Relevant definitions)

Partial matches: The, The, Cakra, Te.

Starts with (+23): Cakra kavi, Cakrabaddi, Cakrabana, Cakrabandha, Cakrabandham, Cakrabandhana, Cakrabhanga, Cakrabhanu, Cakrabhramana, Cakrabhrittu, Cakrabimba, Cakradanti, Cakradatta, Cakradeha, Cakradharana, Cakradharatalpa, Cakradharatva, Cakradhare, Cakradhari, Cakradharman.

Full-text (+2586): Ekacakra, Cakravaka, Cakravartin, Kalacakra, Cakrapani, Dharmacakra, Adharacakra, Cakravyuha, Cakravriddhi, Cakradhara, Rashicakra, Cakravala, Jyotishcakra, Cakranga, Cakravata, Shri Chakra, Cakranki, Nakshatracakra, Shatcakra, Cakreshvara.

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Search found 222 books and stories containing Cakra, 颁补办谤腻, 颁腻办谤补, The cakra; (plurals include: Cakras, 颁补办谤腻s, 颁腻办谤补s, The cakras). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:

Yogashikha Upanishad (critical study) (by Sujatarani Giri)

Part 2.1 - The Six Chakras (峁�a岣峜akras) in Yoga艣ikha-upani峁�ad < [Chapter 5 - Nature of Yoga practice in Upani峁�ad]

Part 2.1g - 厂补丑补蝉谤腻谤补 cakra (crown or casional centre) < [Chapter 5 - Nature of Yoga practice in Upani峁�ad]

Part 2.1a - 惭奴濒腻诲丑腻谤补 cakra (root or basic centre) < [Chapter 5 - Nature of Yoga practice in Upani峁�ad]

+ 27 more chapters / show preview

The concept of Yoga according to Yoga Upanisads (by Jeong Soo Lee)

1.5. The concept of Cakra (according to Yoga) < [Chapter 7 - Hatha, Laya, and Mantra Yoga in the Yogopanisads]

8. Introduction to Hatha-Yoga < [Chapter 1 - The Origin of Yoga and its Evolution]

1.4. The concept of Nadi (according to Yoga) < [Chapter 7 - Hatha, Laya, and Mantra Yoga in the Yogopanisads]

+ 10 more chapters / show preview

The Nervous System in Yoga and Tantra (Study) (by Ashok Majumdar)

6. The concept of Cakra (psychic centres) < [Chapter 5 - Exposition of Thought science, Tantra and Mantra]

1.1. Manovaha Nadi < [Chapter 3 - Scientific exposition of Nadi, Hridaya, Kosa and Prana]

Chapter 9 - Summary and Conclusionsion

+ 14 more chapters / show preview

Shat-cakra-nirupana (the six bodily centres) (by Arthur Avalon)

Verse 51 < [Section 8]

Verse 5 < [Section 1]

Preliminary Verse

+ 33 more chapters / show preview

Devi Tantra, Mantra, Yantra (study) (by Srider Basudevan Iyer)

Worship involving Cakra, Yantra or Meru < [Chapter 4 - Worship and The Worshipper]

The concept of Yantra (mystical diagram) < [Chapter 1 - Introduction]

Sadhya worship accessories (1): Asana or the Seat < [Chapter 4 - Worship and The Worshipper]

+ 6 more chapters / show preview

Lalitopakhyana (Lalita Mahatmya) (by G.V. Tagare)

Chapter 32 - Manifestation of the guardian deities

Chapter 36 - The Inner Chamber of Cint腻ma峁噄

Chapter 44 - Meditation on the Goddess

+ 12 more chapters / show preview

 

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