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Glossary definitions and references:

Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for 鈥淵ogic breathing practices improve lung functions of competitive young swimmers鈥�. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.

1) Anxiety:
Anxiety refers to the emotional response experienced by athletes, particularly in competitive settings. It can manifest as worry, nervousness, or fear about performance. The study explores how yogic breathing practices might help reduce anxiety, thus potentially enhancing performance in competitive swimmers by fostering a calmer mental state.

2) Performance:
In the context of this study, performance refers to the competitive swimmers' success in the water, measured through metrics like the number of strokes per breath and overall swimming efficiency. Improvement in performance is essential for competitive athletes, making techniques like yogic breathing practices highly relevant for enhancing physical capabilities.

3) Nostril:
Nostril refers to the two external openings of the nose, used in several yogic breathing techniques such as Nadi Shodhana, which emphasizes the alternation of breath between nostrils. This practice is believed to help balance energy in the body, promoting respiratory functions and potentially improving athletic performance.

4) Study (Studying):
The study investigates the impact of yogic breathing practices on competitive swimmers, focusing on their lung function, anxiety levels, and overall performance. It aims to provide scientific evidence for the physiological benefits of these practices, directly relating to swimmers' endurance and effectiveness during competitive events.

5) Training:
Training refers to the systematic preparation that swimmers undergo to enhance their physical capabilities and competitive performance. Incorporating yogic breathing practices into traditional training regimens can provide an additional avenue for improving lung function, respiratory endurance, and managing anxiety, which are crucial for successful athletic performance.

6) Yoga:
Yoga is a holistic practice that encompasses physical postures, breathing techniques, and mental disciplines. In this study, yoga specifically refers to yogic breathing practices that aim to enhance the respiratory function of competitive swimmers, demonstrating its relevance in improving both physical and mental components of athletic performance.

7) Table:
The term 'Table' in this context likely refers to a structured representation of data collected during the study, such as participant demographics, baseline characteristics, or outcomes of pulmonary function tests. Tables are essential for clarity and organization in presenting research findings, facilitating easier analysis and interpretation of results.

8) Kumbhaka:
Kumbhaka is a yogic term referring to breath retention during pranayama practices. This technique is significant in enhancing lung capacity, oxygen diffusion, and control over breathing patterns, all beneficial factors for competitive swimmers, as it helps cultivate respiratory endurance and manage anxiety during competitive events.

9) Shodhana (Sodhana):
Shodhana translates to 'purification' in yoga and is associated with practices like Nadi Shodhana, which focuses on balancing energy and cleansing mental clutter. In the swimming context, it emphasizes optimal breathing techniques, improving respiratory efficiency, and promoting serenity to enhance overall performance during competition.

10) Indian:
Indian refers to the cultural and geographical context from which the studied yogic practices originate. India's rich heritage in yoga and traditional breathing practices provides the foundational principles used in this study to explore their effects on athletes, aligning with national sports and wellness traditions.

11) Nadi (Nadin):
Nadi translates to 'channel' in Sanskrit, representing the pathways through which pranic energy flows in the body. Nadi Shodhana, a specific breathing technique, aims to balance the nadis, thereby promoting better lung function and stability in swimmers, facilitating improved endurance and performance during competitions.

12) Water:
Water is the primary medium in which swimmers compete, presenting unique challenges such as increased resistance and altered breathing dynamics compared to land activities. The study investigates how yogic breathing practices can help counteract the physiological stressors imposed by swimming in water, influencing performance positively.

13) Mudra:
Mudra refers to specific hand gestures used in yoga that aid in the practice of pranayama and other techniques. In the context of Nadi Shodhana, the Mudra represents an integral part of focusing the breath and directing energy flow, enhancing the overall effectiveness of the yogic practices studied.

14) Practising (Practicing):
Practicing refers to the regular engagement in yogic breathing exercises as part of the swimmers' training regimen. Consistent practice is essential for realizing the benefits of these techniques, leading to enhanced respiratory endurance and performance improvements as evidenced by the findings of the study.

15) Nagendra (Naga-indra):
Nagendra could refer to an individual or context related to the authority or methodologies pertaining to yoga and breathing techniques. In research, crediting key figures illuminates the connections between traditional practices and modern scientific validation, particularly relevant in the study鈥檚 exploration of yogic practices for athletes.

16) Activity:
Activity pertains to the physical exertion involved in competitive swimming and the accompanying workouts. Recognizing the physiological demands placed on swimmers allows for a better understanding of how yogic practices, by promoting enhanced respiratory function, can directly influence athletic capabilities during training and competition.

17) Raising:
Raising refers to the action of lifting or elevating, which can relate to both physical posture in yoga and mental focus in competitive settings. Proper breathing techniques and postural practices are crucial in swimming, indicating that raising respiratory efficiency can lead to improved physical performance in aquatic sports.

18) Nasika (Nashika):
Nasika translates to 'nostril' in Sanskrit, emphasizing its role in yogic practices like Nadi Shodhana, which utilize nostrils for breath control. This term highlights the focus on nasal breathing, which is believed to enhance the effectiveness of breath-related techniques studied in competitive swimmers.

19) Joshi (Josi):
Joshi could reference an individual significant to the research or methodology. Citing notable figures in yoga and health science assists in contextualizing the study鈥檚 background and credibility, showcasing connections to traditional wisdom and current scientific inquiry regarding breath control's impact on physical performance.

20) Bihar:
Bihar refers to a region in India, often associated with the origins of many yogic practices and teachings. Understanding the cultural background enhances the appreciation of the practices involved in the study, providing context on how traditional methods have shaped the current investigation into athletic performance.

21) Worry (Worried, Worrying):
Worry is an emotional response linked to anxiety in competitive settings and can adversely affect performance. This study examines how yogic breath practices potentially mitigate worry, leading to improved mental clarity and focus, thereby enhancing swimmers' competitive performance during events.

22) Post:
Post typically refers to the timing of assessments or measurements in the study, particularly after the intervention. By comparing pre- and post-intervention results, researchers can determine the effectiveness of the yogic breathing techniques implemented and their impact on various performance metrics.

23) Measurement:
Measurement in this context pertains to the quantification of variables such as lung function, anxiety levels, and swimming performance. Accurate measurements are critical for assessing the outcomes of the study and establishing any significant changes attributable to the yogic breathing practices explored.

24) Accumulation (Accumulating, Accumulate):
Accumulated refers to build-up or collection, often concerning metabolic byproducts during intense physical activity, such as lactic acid during swimming. The study investigates whether yogic breathing can help manage these accumulations, thus potentially reducing fatigue and enhancing overall swim performance.

25) Observation:
Observation pertains to the act of noting changes in performance metrics and subjective experiences reported by participants. Systematic observations allow researchers to draw conclusions about the effectiveness of yogic breathing practices in enhancing athletic ability and mental states among competitive swimmers.

26) Perception:
Perception relates to how athletes interpret their experiences in competitive situations, especially regarding stress and performance pressure. Understanding perception offers insights into how yogic practices can alter athletes鈥� mental frameworks, potentially improving their performance through better emotional regulation and focus.

27) Depression:
Depression denotes a mental health state that can significantly impact athletic performance and motivation. The study indirectly addresses concerns around psychological well-being, positing that yogic practices may contribute to improved mood and reduced depressive symptoms, aiding overall athletic performance.

28) Padmasana (Padma-asana):
Padmasana, or Lotus Pose, is a seated posture in yoga that promotes stability and calmness, often used for meditation and pranayama. Its inclusion in yogic practices is crucial for establishing a comfortable foundation for breathwork, essential for competitive swimmers to enhance focus and breathing efficiency.

29) Sukhasana (Sukha-asana):
Sukhasana, or Easy Pose, is a comfortable seated position used in yoga and meditation. This posture facilitates relaxation and enhances focus during breathing exercises, illustrating its practical application in preparatory activities for competitive swimmers seeking to improve their respiratory control and mental clarity.

30) Stiffness:
Stiffness refers to the physical resistance often experienced in muscles and joints during physically rigorous activities like swimming. The study investigates how yogic breathing may alleviate muscular stiffness, thus aiding swimmers in enhancing their flexibility and overall performance in the water.

31) Parshad (Parsad):
Parshad could reference an important figure in the yogic or health sciences domain, contributing to the study's methodologies or concepts. Recognizing authoritative sources and figures provides legitimacy to the research findings while contextualizing the traditional practices that influence modern athletic training.

32) Filling (Filled):
Filling relates to the expansion of the lungs during inhalation. In the context of yogic breathing practices, effective filling techniques lead to better oxygen intake, which is critical for swimmers looking to enhance lung function and overall performance through optimized breathing efficiency.

33) Surface:
Surface indicates the external layer, particularly in a physiological context concerning the respiratory system. The study may address factors affecting surface area for gas exchange in the lungs, highlighting how yogic practices can enhance lung compliance and efficiency during swimming.

34) Bandha (Bamdha):
Bandha refers to locks or energy constrictions used in yoga that can help control the flow of prana during practice. Utilizing bandhas in pranayama may assist competitive swimmers in achieving tighter control over diaphragmatic actions, promoting better respiratory efficiency during their events.

35) Puraka:
Puraka is the term for inhalation in yoga, part of pranayama regulation that is fundamental to controlling breath. Understanding puraka emphasizes the importance of inhalation techniques in yogic practices, influencing respiratory endurance and performance outcomes in competitive swimmers.

36) Reason:
Reason in this context pertains to the rationale behind implementing yogic breathing practices within athletic training. Identifying clear reasons for using specific techniques helps justify their inclusion in competitive swimmers' regimens, supporting the study's exploration into physiological and mental performance enhancements.

37) Medium:
Medium often refers to the environment or context in which athletes operate, particularly in competitive swimming where water plays a critical role. Understanding the medium highlights the unique challenges faced by swimmers and the necessity of developing efficient breathing techniques to overcome these challenges.

38) Hatha:
Hatha is a branch of yoga that emphasizes physical postures and breath control. Its relevance to the study lies in its foundational practices that enhance respiratory function, which are particularly beneficial for athletes, including swimmers who require optimized breathing techniques for performance.

39) Kriya:
Kriya refers to a set of practices or actions in yoga targeting specific physical and mental outcomes. Understanding the concept of Kriya helps to contextualize the structured breathing exercises applied in the study, which aim to improve swimmer performance through disciplined respiratory training.

40) Chaya:
Chaya refers to a shadow or reflection, possibly connoting underlying awareness or mindfulness during yoga practice. Highlighting the concept of Chaya may provide context for how mental awareness enhances physical execution in swimming, linking yogic practices to improved athletic outcomes.

41) Herur:
Herur may reference an individual significant in the field of yoga or breathing science. Recognition of notable contributors to the field provides credibility to the study's methodologies and insights, underscoring the interconnectedness of traditional practices and modern athletic training.

42) Patil:
Patil might refer to a key contributor or research figure in the study. Recognizing individuals contributing to the exploration of yogic practices identifies pathways for validating the research findings while aligning traditional wisdom with contemporary physiological science.

43) Asana (Ashana):
Asana refers to the physical postures practiced in yoga that serve as a foundation for breath control and meditation. The inclusion of Asana techniques in the study emphasizes their role in preparing athletes, especially swimmers, to engage effectively in yogic breathing practices to improve performance.

44) Bahis (Bahish, Bahih):
Bahir translates to outward or external, contrasting with internal practices like kumbhaka, or breath retention. Understanding Bahir in the context of yogic practices allows for comprehensive knowledge of holistic breathwork, helping athletes regulate their breath effectively during competitive swimming and improve endurance.

45) Doubt:
Doubt refers to uncertainty or hesitation, which can impede athletic performance and confidence. The study explores whether yogic breathing practices can mitigate feelings of doubt among swimmers, enabling them to achieve better focus and clarity during competitions, thereby enhancing overall performance.

46) Blood:
Blood is a vital fluid responsible for oxygen transport throughout the body. Enhanced lung function through yogic practices is believed to improve the oxygen-carrying capacity of red blood cells, which is particularly relevant for competitive swimmers seeking to optimize their respiratory efficiency and endurance.

47) Svamin (Swami, Svami, Swamin):
Swami refers to a respected figure in yogic traditions, often serving as a teacher or practitioner. Recognizing the contributions of Swami figures adds depth to the study by connecting historical teachings on breathing and mental clarity to contemporary athletic practices.

48) Prana (Pran):
Prana denotes the life force or energy in yogic philosophy, essential for overall health and wellness. The study's focus on yogic breathing techniques can be seen as a method to enhance the flow of prana, contributing to improved athletic performance and mental clarity among competitive swimmers.

49) Savai:
Savai may reference either a key figure in this research context or a specific concept within the yogic practices explored. Identifying influential persons aids in understanding the foundational ideas that support the study, reinforcing the connection between tradition and modern athletic science.

50) Pune:
Pune is a city in India known for its cultural and educational contributions, including the development of yoga practices. Referencing Pune provides geographical context for the study and the yogic methods used, highlighting the region's influence on modern interpretations of traditional practices.

51) Male:
Male pertains to the gender of participants involved in the study, illustrating that the research included a diverse group of male and female swimmers. Recognizing gender representation is essential for understanding overall applicability and potential differences in responses to yogic breathing practices across varying demographics.