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Glossary definitions and references:

Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for 鈥淧hytochemical and Pharmacological Studies of Babuna (Chamomile)鈥�. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.

1) Medicine:
The review highlights the relevance of Babuna in Unani Medicine. Medicine here refers to the therapeutic use of Babuna, or Matricaria chamomilla, which has been prescribed historically for various ailments such as inflammation, fever, and gastrointestinal conditions among others.

2) Pharmacological:
Pharmacological relevance pertains to Babuna's diverse pharmacological actions like anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic. These actions highlight the intrinsic chemical properties of Babuna that make it useful in Unani Medicine for treating diseases.

3) Phytochemical:
Phytochemical relevance points to the various bioactive compounds found in Babuna. These phytochemical constituents include flavonoids and terpenoids, which contribute to its anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antispasmodic properties.

4) Family:
Babuna (Matricaria chamomilla) belongs to the Asteraceae, or Compositae, family. This plant family includes many other medicinal and aromatic plants and signifies its botanical classification which is critical in pharmacognosy and herbal medicine.

5) Flavonoid:
Flavonoids are a key phytochemical constituent of Babuna. Among these, apigenin is especially significant due to its potential in anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activities. Flavonoids contribute to Babuna's medicinal properties documented in scientific studies.

6) Drug:
In Unani Medicine, Babuna is often referred to as a drug due to its therapeutic properties. This includes treating conditions like inflammation, pain, and even certain types of fevers as documented in the classical literature of Unani Medicine.

7) Science (Scientific):
Scientific classification and studies on Babuna provide evidence-based validation for its traditional uses. Studies confirm its pharmacological actions like diuretic and brain tonic, aligning with Unani Medicine descriptions.

8) Cancer:
Chamomile has shown promising effects in preclinical cancer models, particularly due to compounds like apigenin. Evidence suggests that it can induce apoptosis in cancer cells without affecting normal cells, making it a potent anti-cancer agent.

9) Inflammation:
Babuna is noteworthy for its anti-inflammatory properties, particularly due to constituents like alpha-bisabolol and chamazulene. These compounds inhibit enzymes and pathways involved in inflammation, supporting its use in conditions like arthritis and eczema.

10) Ulcer:
Scientific studies have indicated that Babuna exhibits anti-ulcerogenic effects. Preparations containing chamomile flower extract reduce acidity and increase protective mucus, making it effective against gastrointestinal ulcers.

11) Disease:
The medicinal uses of Babuna are vast, covering diseases from common colds to severe inflammatory conditions. Its bioactive compounds contribute to combating diseases and maintaining overall health as supported by both traditional and modern studies.

12) Gold (Golden):
The golden yellow color of Babuna鈥檚 flowers is mentioned, and it is linked to key characteristics and identification of the plant. The golden yellow florets are also part of the essential oil extraction process used in various applications.

13) India:
In India, Babuna was introduced during the Mughal era. It is now grown in states such as Punjab, Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, and Jammu and Kashmir, indicating its agricultural and economic significance in the region.

14) Fever:
Babuna has been traditionally used to treat fever, as mentioned in Unani Medicine. Its antipyretic properties contribute to lowering body temperature, providing relief from feverish conditions.

15) Alam (Ala峁�):
In the Unani System, Babuna is noted for its Musakkin-e-Alam (analgesic) properties. This highlights its effectiveness in pain relief, which aligns with modern pharmacological findings.

16) Pain:
Babuna鈥檚 Musakkin-e-Alam (analgesic) properties make it valuable for pain management in various ailments, corroborating traditional Unani uses with modern scientific research indicating its pain-relieving effectiveness.

17) Mita:
Babuna is described as Muqawwi Mida (stomachic) in Unani Medicine, indicating its use as a tonic to strengthen the stomach, alleviate digestive issues, and improve general gastrointestinal health.

18) Burning sensation:
In clinical studies, chamomile mouth rinse, derived from Babuna, has shown to significantly reduce pain and burning sensation in conditions like recurrent aphthous ulcers, proving its efficacy in managing discomfort.

19) Purification:
Chamomile has associations with purification and tranquility. Its use in aromatherapy helps to reduce anxiety and promotes a sense of calm, symbolizing cleansing of both the mind and body.

20) Maharashtra (Maharastra, Maha-rashtra):
Maharashtra is mentioned as one of the Indian states where Babuna is cultivated. This highlights its agricultural importance and the regional practices in growing this medicinal herb.

21) Agriculture:
[see source text or glossary: Agriculture]

22) Irritation:
Chamomile's anti-inflammatory and soothing properties make it effective in treating skin irritations, burns, and other inflammatory conditions, providing relief and promoting healing.

23) Knowledge:
[see source text or glossary: Knowledge]

24) Fragrance:
The Greek term 'Chamomile' means 'ground apple,' reflecting its apple-like fragrance. The soothing scent is used in aromatherapy to reduce anxiety and insomnia, contributing to its calming effects.

25) Deafness:
[see source text or glossary: Deafness]

26) Liquorice (Licorice):
Licorice is one of the herbs often combined with chamomile in traditional remedies, enhancing its effectiveness for conditions such as infantile colic and digestive issues.

27) Marathi:
Marathi is one of the vernacular languages in which Babuna is named, illustrating its widespread recognition and use in different regions and cultures across India.

28) Kannada:
Kannada is one of the vernacular names highlighting the regional use of Babuna in different parts of India, showcasing its significance in various cultural and medical practices.

29) Lucknow:
Lucknow is home to the Central Research Institute of Unani Medicine, where significant research on Babuna's pharmacological properties is conducted, validating and expanding its traditional uses.

30) Bengali:
In Bengali, Babuna is known as Babunphul, indicating its recognition and use in Bengali-speaking regions of India and the cultural integration of this medicinal plant.

31) Village:
In ancient Iraq-Arab, a village named Babuna was known for the abundance of this herb, demonstrating the historical and geographical significance attached to its name and use.

32) Kashmir:
Kashmir is one of the Indian regions where Babuna is cultivated. This underscores the diverse geographical areas suitable for growing this valuable medicinal herb.

33) Greece:
Greece is mentioned regarding chamomile鈥檚 historical use, where it was prescribed by notable figures such as Hippocrates for fevers, illustrating its long-standing medicinal application.

34) Punjab:
Punjab is one of the Indian states that cultivate Babuna, indicating its agricultural significance and the traditional reliance on this herb for medicinal purposes in this region.

35) Animal:
Chamomile, or Babuna, has shown various pharmacological activities in animal studies, supporting its traditional use and suggesting the need for further research on its medicinal properties.

36) Labour (Labor):
[see source text or glossary: Labour]

37) Egypt:
In ancient Egypt, chamomile was known for its healing properties, reflective of its historical importance and use in early medicinal practices, emphasizing its enduring relevance.

38) Khali:
[see source text or glossary: Khali]

39) Kulya:
[see source text or glossary: Kulya]

40) Hikka:
In Unani Medicine, Babuna is used to treat eczema (Hikka), underscoring its role in managing skin conditions and providing relief from itching and inflammation.

41) Ayus (Ayush):
[see source text or glossary: Ayush]

42) Hindi (Himdi):
In Hindi, Babuna is referred to as Sonbhal or Sonamoti, reiterating its recognition and utility in various cultural and medical traditions within India.

43) Death:
[see source text or glossary: Death]

44) Earth:
[see source text or glossary: Earth]

45) Blood:
Chamomile has been shown to improve hyperglycemia and related complications by affecting blood glucose levels and oxidative stress, indicating its potential benefits in managing blood sugar levels.

46) Nasa (Nasha):
[see source text or glossary: Nasa]

47) Beta:
Chamomile extract, noted in studies, has protective effects on pancreatic beta cells, which play a crucial role in diabetes management by regulating insulin secretion and reducing oxidative stress.

48) Suda (Shuda):
In Unani Medicine, Babuna is identified as a remedy for Suda (headache), leveraging its pharmacological actions, such as anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties, to provide relief from headaches.

49) Genu:
Unani literature mentions Babuna for Waja-al-Mafasil (joint pain), which includes genu (knee pain), emphasizing its wide application in treating various joint and musculoskeletal disorders.

50) Ras (Rash):
Chamomile is effective for external use in conditions like diaper rash and chickenpox rash, providing soothing and healing properties that are beneficial for irritated skin.

51) Anar:
[see source text or glossary: Anar]

52) Soil:
Babuna is an annual plant with roots that penetrate flatly into the soil, reflecting its botanical characteristics and growing conditions necessary for optimal cultivation.