Evaluating the pharmacokinetics of Lekhana Basti enema.
Journal name: Ancient Science of Life
Original article title: An experimental study to evaluate the pharmacokinetic aspect of Lekhana Basti (Emaciating/ Desiccating Medicated Enema)
The ANSCI is a peer-reviewed, open-access journal focused on Ayurveda and traditional medicines. It publishes original research, reviews, and literary studies linking traditional knowledge with modern science, covering disciplines like botany, ethnomedicine, pharmacology, and clinical research.
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Original source:
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Swapnil S Auti, B.K. Ashok, Anup B. Thakar, V. J. Shukla, B. Ravishankar
Ancient Science of Life:
(A quarterly multi-disciplinary scientific research journal in Ayurveda)
Full text available for: An experimental study to evaluate the pharmacokinetic aspect of Lekhana Basti (Emaciating/ Desiccating Medicated Enema)
Year: 2011
Copyright (license): CC BY-NC-SA
Summary of article contents:
Introduction
Basti therapy, a prevalent practice in Ayurveda, is used to treat various diseases but lacks clarity regarding its pharmacokinetic mechanisms and the absorption of its active components into systemic circulation. The present study aims to explore the absorption of phytochemical constituents in Lekhana Basti, an emaciating medicated enema, using gallic acid as a marker compound. By employing high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), researchers aimed to determine whether gallic acid from Lekhana Basti is absorbed when administered via this route, thereby providing insight into the therapy's effectiveness based on modern scientific standards.
Absorption of Gallic Acid from Lekhana Basti
The study found that gallic acid was indeed absorbed into the systemic circulation after administering Lekhana Basti. Results indicated that the concentration of gallic acid in the serum reached maximum levels at different time intervals depending on whether a catalytic adjuvant (Prakshepa Dravya) was used. Specifically, in the rats that received Lekhana Basti with the Prakshepa, the maximum serum concentration of gallic acid was higher, and the area under the curve (AUC) was greater compared to the rats that received it without Prakshepa. This suggests that the presence of adjuvants can play a significant role in enhancing the absorption of active compounds in Ayurvedic formulations.
Conclusion
This experimental evidence provides a preliminary basis to affirm that the phytochemicals in Basti formulations, such as gallic acid in Lekhana Basti, are absorbed into the systemic circulation, potentially through the gastrointestinal tract, particularly in the colon. The study highlights the implications of using adjuvants to improve absorption rates. In light of these findings, further pharmacokinetic studies with larger sample sizes are recommended to better understand the therapeutic applications and optimize the use of Basti therapy in clinical settings. Such advancements could pave the way for establishing standardized procedures for different Basti formulations, aligning traditional practices with contemporary medical standards.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What is the objective of the study on Lekhana Basti?
The study aimed to determine if the active principles in Lekhana Basti, an Ayurvedic medicated enema, are absorbed into systemic circulation, using gallic acid as a marker compound.
How was the absorption of gallic acid measured?
Absorption was assessed through high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in serum samples collected from albino rats after administering Lekhana Basti with and without a catalytic adjuvant.
What were the main findings regarding gallic acid absorption?
Gallic acid was absorbed into systemic circulation, with the highest concentration found after 90 minutes in the group receiving Lekhana Basti with the catalytic adjuvant.
What does this study suggest about Basti therapy?
The study indicates that phytochemical constituents of Basti formulations are absorbed, enhancing the understanding of Ayurvedic therapies and supporting their pharmacokinetic properties.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Evaluating the pharmacokinetics of Lekhana Basti enema.�. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Basti:
Basti refers to a therapeutic enema used in Ayurveda, believed to administer herbal formulations directly into the rectum for enhancing health and treating various conditions. It is an essential part of Panchakarma therapies, showcasing the holistic approach of Ayurveda to maintaining balance in the body.
2) Lekhana:
Lekhana means emaciating or desiccating and relates to the properties of certain Ayurvedic formulations used in Basti therapy designed to promote weight loss or detoxification. It is significant in the context of treatments aimed at reducing excess weight or removing toxins from the body.
3) Drug:
A drug in Ayurveda refers to any medicinal substance used to promote health or treat diseases. In the study, the term highlights the various herbal ingredients utilized in Basti formulations that are crucial for therapeutic efficacy.
4) Prakshepa (Praksepa):
Prakshepa denotes a catalytic adjuvant, enhancing the action of the main medicine within the Basti. Its role is to facilitate better absorption and effectiveness of the active ingredients, thus being vital in therapeutic applications.
5) Triphala (Tri-phala):
Triphala is a well-regarded Ayurvedic formulation consisting of three fruits: Haritaki, Bibhitaka, and Amalaki. Known for its antioxidant and detoxifying properties, Triphala’s phytochemicals are implicated in the efficacy of Basti formulations.
6) Phytochemical:
Phytochemicals are bioactive compounds derived from plants. They play a role in the therapeutic effects of Ayurvedic remedies like Basti, where the presence of specific phytochemicals is monitored to assess absorption and pharmacokinetics.
7) Siddhisthana (Siddhi-sthana):
Siddhisthana refers to a section in the Ayurvedic texts focusing on treatment methods. It highlights the importance of practical applications of theoretical knowledge in Ayurveda, particularly concerning therapeutic techniques like Basti.
8) Dravya:
Dravya translates to substances or materials that compose Ayurvedic formulations. Understanding Dravya is essential as it lays the foundation of the ingredients used in therapies such as Basti.
9) Niruha:
Niruha is a type of Basti therapy with herbal decoction, typically emphasizing detoxification effects. This term is crucial as it defines one of the specific approaches within Panchakarma therapies.
10) Inflammation:
Inflammation, as discussed in the context of this study, can enhance absorption rates of active ingredients in Basti. It serves an important function in understanding both the physiological response and therapeutic outcomes in patients.
11) Medicine:
Medicine in this context encompasses all formulations and practices aimed at maintaining or restoring health. Ayurvedic medicine, with its rich heritage, spans numerous practices, including Basti therapy.
12) Shukla (Sukla):
[see source text or glossary: #Shukla#]
13) Niruhabasti (Niruha-basti):
Niruha-basti refers specifically to enema therapy that uses herbal decoctions. This term represents one of the primary therapeutic approaches being evaluated in the study for its pharmacokinetic properties.
14) Kalpasthana (Kalpa-sthana):
Kalpasthana translates broadly to the chapter of compositions in Ayurvedic texts. This section discusses formulations and their administrational aspects, including how Basti can be applied effectively.
15) Sutrasthana (Sutra-sthana):
Sutrasthana pertains to a segment of Ayurvedic literature focusing on fundamental principles. It contains critical guidelines regarding treatments, ensuring a systematic approach to Ayurvedic practices like Basti.
16) Ashtanga (Astanga, Ashtan-anga):
Ashtanga refers to the eight branches of Ayurveda. Understanding Ashtanga is essential in contextualizing the holistic treatment methods that include Basti and various other therapeutic modalities.
17) Science (Scientific):
Scientific approaches in Ayurvedic studies involve measuring and analyzing effects through controlled experiments. This opens pathways for substantiating traditional practices like Basti with empirical data.
18) Blood:
Blood is the vital fluid circulating through the body, responsible for transporting nutrients. In this study, assessing how herbal compounds from Basti enter the bloodstream is crucial for understanding their therapeutic effects.
19) Vayu:
Vayu refers to the concept of air or vital energy in Ayurveda, representing movement and physiological functions. It is significant in understanding how Basti influences bodily functions and balances different types of Vayu.
20) Guna:
Guna describes the attributes or qualities of substances in Ayurveda. Recognizing the Guna of Dravya in Basti formulations helps tailor treatments to individual needs, enhancing therapeutic effectiveness.
21) Ayurveda (Ayus-veda):
Ayurveda is a traditional Indian system of medicine emphasizing balance among mind, body, and spirit. Its philosophies underpin practices like Basti, focusing on holistic healing through natural means.
22) Virya:
Virya signifies the potency or efficacy of a drug in Ayurveda. Understanding Virya is essential for determining how effectively a particular Basti formulation can influence the body.
23) Water:
Water is a fundamental solvent in many pharmacological processes. In Basti applications, water acts as a carrier for herbal extracts, ensuring proper delivery of the active compounds into the system.
24) Sushruta-samhita (Susruta-samhita):
[see source text or glossary: #Sushruta-samhita#]
25) Vagbhata:
Vagbhata is an influential figure in Ayurvedic literature, whose texts include critical insights relevant to therapies like Basti. His contributions help link ancient knowledge with modern practices.
26) Samgraha (Sangraha):
Samgraha indicates a comprehensive collection or compilation of knowledge, relevant in Ayurvedic texts. This term relates to how different therapies, including Basti, are documented and utilized.
27) Samhita:
Samhita refers to collections of verses or texts in Ayurveda. It helps provide a structured approach to understanding Basti and its role within Ayurveda.
28) Hridaya (Hrdaya):
Hridaya is another vital text in Ayurveda that outlines various treatments and theories. Its teachings support the practices and principles associated with Basti and other Ayurvedic therapies.
29) Kalka:
Kalka denotes a paste prepared from herbs and used in Basti formulations. Understanding Kalka is essential for grasping the preparation of decoctions and their therapeutic implications.
30) Taila:
Taila means oil in Ayurveda and is often used as a base in many formulations. It is significant in Basti for enhancing both absorption and the therapeutic effectiveness of the treatment.
31) Emblica officinalis:
Emblica officinalis, also known as Amla, is one of the three fruits in Triphala. Its potent phytochemical properties contribute to the effectiveness of formulations utilized in Basti therapy.
32) Terminalia chebula:
Terminalia chebula, another fruit of Triphala, is valued for its numerous health benefits. Its presence in Basti formulations plays a role in enhancing the overall efficacy of therapeutic protocols.
33) Ashtangasamgraha (Astangasamgraha, Astangasangraha, Ashtanga-samgraha, Ashtanga-sangraha, Ashtangasangraha):
Ashtanga-samgraha compiles various Ayurvedic principles, including those related to Basti. It’s crucial for understanding the historical context and applications of such treatments.
34) Ashtangahridaya (Astangahrdaya, Ashtanga-hridaya):
[see source text or glossary: #Ashtanga-hridaya#]
35) Pharmacology:
Pharmacology involves the study of drugs and their effects on living systems. In this context, it relates to understanding how the compounds in Basti enter systemic circulation and their subsequent action.
36) Samanavayu (Samana-vayu):
Samana-vayu relates to the type of Vayu that governs the digestion and absorption processes in the body. It plays a critical role in influencing how effectively substances from Basti are absorbed.
37) Apanavayu (Apana-vayu):
Apana-vayu is responsible for downward movement within the body, particularly related to elimination processes. Its significance in Basti therapy underscores how these therapies function synergistically with bodily energies.
38) Pakvashaya (Pakvasaya, Pakva-ashaya):
Pakvashaya refers to the anatomical area of the colon. Understanding this region is vital in comprehending how Basti is administered and where absorption of the therapeutic agents occurs.
39) Bastikarman (Bastikarma, Basti-karman, Basti-karma):
Bastikarma refers to the therapeutic procedures associated with Basti therapy. This encompasses the administration techniques and the intended physiological effects of the treatment, emphasizing its historical relevance.
40) Discussion:
Discussion in this context refers to the exploration and interpretation of findings related to the study of Basti. It helps to contextualize the results within the broader framework of Ayurvedic pharmacology and clinical practices.
41) Bibhitaka:
Bibhitaka is the third fruit in the Triphala formulation and has unique health benefits. Its role in Basti therapy enhances the overall therapeutic spectrum of the treatment.
42) Haritaki:
Haritaki is another essential fruit in Triphala, highly valued for its digestive and detoxification properties, contributing significantly to the success of Basti formulations.
43) Abhyanga (Abhyamga):
Abhyanga refers to the practice of oil massage in Ayurveda, often performed before Basti administration to enhance absorption. It is integral for preparing the body for therapeutic treatments.
44) Incision:
Incision in medical terms may reference surgical procedures. In the context of Basti, it serves to highlight the precision and care involved in Ayurvedic treatment applications when necessary.
45) Amalaki:
Amalaki is the first fruit of the Triphala blend, recognized for its high vitamin C content and antioxidant properties. It significantly enhances the efficacy of formulations used in Basti therapies.
46) Kashaya (Kasaya):
Kashaya refers to decoction techniques in Ayurveda, which form the basis for preparing Basti formulations. Understanding Kashaya is critical for optimizing the therapeutic actions of these enemas.
47) Channel:
Channel refers to the pathways through which substances are transported in the body. In Basti therapy, the importance of understanding how treatments move through these channels is essential for maximizing their efficacy.
48) Samana (Shamana):
Samana refers to the balancing mechanism within the body, essential for the transformative processes of Ayurveda. Its understanding aids in conceptualizing how Basti influences various physiological functions.
49) Atreya:
Atreya is a pivotal figure in the early development of Ayurvedic principles. His teachings are instrumental in forming the basis for treatment protocols, including Basti.
50) Pitta:
Pitta represents one of the three doshas in Ayurveda associated with heat and metabolism. Its balance is crucial for the therapeutic effects of treatments like Basti.
51) Kapha:
Kapha is another dosha, representing stability and moisture. Understanding Kapha is vital for tailoring Basti treatments to restore balance among the doshas in an individual.
52) Sneha:
Sneha denotes the concept of oleation or lubrication in Ayurveda, essential for many treatments and particularly relates to Basti's preparatory processes.
53) Apana:
Apana signifies the downward movement of energy in the body, crucial to elimination processes. It’s significant in understanding how Basti interacts with natural bodily functions.
54) Saha (Shaha):
[see source text or glossary: #Saha#]
55) Pada:
[see source text or glossary: #Pada#]
56) Post:
[see source text or glossary: #Post#]
Other Science Concepts:
Discover the significance of concepts within the article: �Evaluating the pharmacokinetics of Lekhana Basti enema.�. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:
Virya, Srotasa, Niruhabasti, Inflammation, Phytochemical, Panchakarma therapies, Basti therapy, High performance liquid chromatography, Drug Absorption, Prakshepa Dravya, Triphala Kashaya, Lekhana Basti, Standard Operation Procedure, Systemic circulation, Gallic acid, Kedarikulya Nyaya, Serum concentration, Area under curve, Maximum concentration, Pharmacokinetic aspect.