Sankalpa Suryodaya of Venkatanatha (Critical Study)
by R. Laxmi | 1998 | 94,004 words
This is an English study of the Sankalpa Suryodaya—an allegorical Sanskrit drama by Venkatanatha, a distinguished philosopher-poet and dramatist of the Vishishtadvaita Vedanta tradition. This work of Venkata-natha (or, Vedanta Deshika). stands out for integrating allegory to convey moral and philosophical truths. The thesis examines its place in Sa...
Delineation of Bibhatsarasa or Odious Sentiment
Gigupsa is the Sthayibhava of Bibhatsarasa. Its colour is bluish and Mahakala is the deity. Meat, blood etc. are Alambana-vibhavas. And falling of insects on such things is Uddipana-vibhava. Spewing, turning away the face
233 closing the eyes are Anubhavas; and swooning, falling sick or dieing are Vyabhicaribhavas. 28 Following are the examples showing the delineation of Bibhatsa-rasa. ksatajamadhu ranarathairdattamuttambhitagra dhvajapatapunarusvardhanikairanekaih | palabhuja iha jagrannandathunam vadhunam prthukaratikarotikarsarairarpayanti || S.S. VIII - 33, p. 700 "The white clothes in the uplifted banners of the armies create the impression of a second Ganga in the sky. Evil spirits are here offering, to their delighted wives, the liquor of blood shed by the armies, in the capacious skulls of elephants (which serve as drinking cups)" pattinudyadvipattimstrutitaprthusirahkandharansindhurendran vahanakirnadehan vyatihananamithahkhanditangansatangan | sastrasastriprasangaprabhavacatacataravaghorapracarah kurvantyuddamagarvah krtina iha rane vikramairakramena II S.S. VIII - 34, p. 701 "Fierce warriors who are experts in fighting exhibit their valour by driving foot-soldiers pell-mell into dangers. They cut off the heads and necks of proud elephants, lop off the limbs of horses and by dashing their chariots against those of their enemies cause them to be shattered to pieces and they rush to and fro striking their weapons against those of their foes and cause a loud clatter thereby." Here Jigupsa arising from the cite of flowing of the blood in the battle field is Sthayibhava; flow of blood, scattering of meat here and there are Alambanavibhavas. Uddipana and Anubhava are however silent here. Death of soldiers, wounded horses and elephants are Vyabhicaribhavas of Bibhatsarasa here. 28. jugupsasthayibhavastu vibhatsah kathyate rasah | nilavarno mahakaladaivato'yamudahrtah || 236 || durgandhamamsarudhiramedamsyalambanam matam | tatraiva krmipatadyamuddipanamudahrtam || 240 || nisthivanasyavalananetrarankocanadayah | anubhavastatra matastatha syurvyabhicarinah || 241 || Visvanatha, Sahitya Darpana, III - p. 268-69