Essay name: Sankalpa Suryodaya of Venkatanatha (Critical Study)
Author:
R. Laxmi
Affiliation: Karnatak University / Department of Sanskrit
This is an English study of the Sankalpa Suryodaya鈥攁n allegorical Sanskrit drama by Venkatanatha, a distinguished philosopher-poet and dramatist of the Vishishtadvaita Vedanta tradition. This work of Venkata-natha (or, Vedanta Deshika). stands out for integrating allegory to convey moral and philosophical truths. The thesis examines its place in Sanskrit literature.
Chapter 4a - Characterisation of the play
104 (of 134)
External source: Shodhganga (Repository of Indian theses)
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Bhayanakarasa or Terrible :
Bhaya or fear is Sth膩yibh膩va of Bhay膩nakarasa; its deity is god Yama. The
thing from which fear arises is 膧lambana; actions of dreadful person are Uddipana-
vibh膩vas; paleness, stumbling speech, swooning, swetting, horripilation, trembling,
looking towards different directions are Anubh膩vas;
Following is the verse showing that delineation of Bhay膩nakarasa.
啶ぞ啶むぞ啶侧啷嵿し啶苦お啷嵿い啶膏た啶ㄠ啶о啶� 啶啶班ざ啶曕げ啶苦い啶曕啶侧啷嵿し啷嵿ぎ啶距き啷冟う啷佮い啷嵿啷�啶侧え啷傕ぎ啶�-
啶班啶ㄠた啶班啶о啶むぞ啶︵た啶む啶啶ㄠ啶︵啶班う啷嵿く啷佮い啶苦啶｀え啶苦が啶苦ぁ啶о啶掂ぞ啶ㄠ啶むえ啷�啶班え啷嵿ぇ啷嵿ぐ啶︵た啶曕啶曕 啷�
啶掂啶о 啶膏啶оお啷嵿ぐ啶啶︵ 啶掂た啶樴啶苦い啶さ啶ㄠじ啷嵿啶ㄠ啶оお啶班啶じ啷嵿い啶むぞ啶班
啶啶班ぞ啶班が啷嵿ぇ啷嬥そ啶膏 啶掂た啶掂啶曕お啷嵿ぐ啶むた啶班ぅ啶苦え啶� 啶す啶距え啶距す啶掂 啶啶灌さ啷囙啶� 啷むイ [p膩t膩lak峁ptasindhu岣� pra艣akalitakulak峁膩bh峁沝utk墨lan奴mi-
rnirdh奴t膩dityacandradyutiga峁嘺nibi岣峚dhv膩ntan墨randhradikka岣� |
vedha岣� sodhaprabhed墨 vigha峁璱tapavanaskandhaparyastat膩ra岣�
pr膩rabdho'sau vivekapratirathini mah膩n膩have mohavega岣� || ] S.S. VIII - 96, p. 740
"The great battle against Viveka, in which Mah膩moha displays his terrific.
strength has begun. As a result of it, the oceans have been cast into the
nether regions (P膩t膩la); the great mountains have been broken to pieces
and the earth shows extensive cavities where they stood; the Sun, the
Moon and the Stars have disappeared leaving all the quarters in dense
darkness; the mansion of Brahm膩 being subjected to cracks and the Stars
have fallen on account of the destruction caused by the wind."
Here fear on account of Mah膩moha is Sth膩y墨bh膩va; Mah膩moha who is the
source of fear is 膧lambana; plightful conditions of ocean, mountains, the earth, the
sun, the moon, the stars, different horizons and of the mansion of Brahma are
Vyabhakaribh膩vas. Here Anubhava is silent.
Therefore this is an apt example where Bhay膩nakarasa is developed.
Bibhatsarasa or Odious Sentiment :
Gigups盲 is the Sth膩y墨bh膩va of Bibhatsarasa. Its colour is bluish and
Mah膩k膩la is the deity. Meat, blood etc. are 膧lambana-vibh膩vas. And falling of
insects on such things is Uddipana-vibh膩va. Spewing, turning away the face
