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Genealogy.

Janaka was descended from 痴颈峁ａ箛耻 in the following order:鈥�叠谤补丑尘腻,鈥�惭补谤墨肠颈鈥�碍补艣测补辫补鈥�痴颈惫补蝉惫腻苍鈥�Vaivasvata鈥�滨办峁�v腻办耻鈥�Nimi鈥�Mithi鈥�鲍诲腻惫补蝉耻鈥�Nandivardhana鈥�Suketu鈥�顿别惫补谤腻迟补鈥�叠峁沨补诲谤补迟丑补鈥�惭补丑腻惫墨谤补鈥�厂耻诲丑峁泃颈鈥�顿丑峁涐梗峁璦办别迟耻鈥�贬补谤测补艣惫补鈥�Maru鈥摈谤补迟惫补苍迟补办补鈥�碍墨谤迟颈谤补迟丑补鈥�顿别惫补尘墨岣峢补鈥擵颈产耻诲丑补鈥拟补丑墨诲丑谤补办补鈥�碍墨谤迟颈谤腻迟补鈥�惭补丑腻谤辞尘补苍鈥�厂惫补谤峁嘺谤辞尘补苍鈥�Hrasvaroman鈥�厂墨谤补诲丑惫补箩补 (Janaka).

Janaka dynasty.

顿补峁囜笉补, 痴颈办耻办峁�i and Nimi were the three prominent sons of 滨办峁�v腻办耻. The dynasty of 痴颈办耻办峁�i earned reputation as the cradle of such powerful Kings as 痴颈办耻办峁�i, Kratha, M膩ndhat膩. 罢谤颈艣补峁卥耻. 贬补谤颈艣肠补苍诲谤补, Sagara and 叠丑补驳墨谤补迟丑补. 艢r墨 搁腻尘补 also was born in 痴颈办耻办峁�i鈥檚 dynasty. It was Nimi, the younger brother of 痴颈办耻办峁�i who founded the Videha dynasty. There is a story about that dynasty getting the name, Videha. Nimi decided to conduct a 测补箩帽补 and requested 痴补蝉颈峁ａ弓丑补 to act as high priest at the 测补箩帽补. Va峁�i峁ａ弓ha, who then was busy with the affairs of another 测补箩帽补 asked Nimi to postpone his proposed 测补箩帽补 to a later date. To this Nimi made no answer, and 痴补蝉颈峁ａ弓丑补 went away under the impression that his suggestion had been accepted by Nimi. Accordingly, as soon as he got free from other preoccupations 痴补蝉颈峁ａ弓丑补 went to Nimi to conduct his 测补箩帽补. But, Nimi had already performed the Yaj帽a with Gautama as high priest. Enraged at this 痴补蝉颈峁ａ弓丑补 cursed Nimi that he should lose his body and become Videha (without body). As the result of the curse Nimi fell down dead. As Nimi had no sons living the 峁氠梗is churned out of his body a child. As the child was got by mathana (churning) he was named Mithi Janaka. After that all kings born in Mithi鈥檚 dynasty began using the common name Janaka.

The actual name of Janaka, father of 厂墨迟腻, was 艢墨谤补诲丑惫补箩补. 惭颈迟丑颈濒腻 or 惭颈迟丑颈濒腻pur墨 was the city founded by Mithi. From the time of the curse pronounced on Nimi the Kings of that dynasty also came to be known as Videhas, and the country they ruled Videha. (See Nimi). (顿别惫墨 叠丑腻驳补惫补迟补, 6th Skandha).

Brother of 厂墨谤补诲丑惫补箩补.

厂墨谤补诲丑惫补箩补, the father of 厂墨迟腻 had a brother called 碍耻艣补诲丑惫补箩补. While 艢墨谤补诲丑惫补箩补 was the King of 惭颈迟丑颈濒腻 the King of S膩峁僰膩艣ya called Sudhanvan attacked 惭颈迟丑颈濒腻. 厂墨谤补诲丑惫补箩补 killed Sudhanvan in the war and crowned his brother 碍耻艣补诲丑惫补箩补 as the King of S膩峁僰膩艣ya. 尝补办峁�m补峁嘺鈥檚 wife 弄谤尘颈濒腻 was 碍耻艣补诲丑惫补箩补鈥檚 daughter. 碍耻艣补诲丑惫补箩补 had three daughters called 惭腻峁囜笉补惫墨, 弄谤尘颈濒腻 and 艢谤耻迟补办墨谤迟颈. Bharata married 惭腻峁囜笉补惫墨 and 艢补迟谤耻驳丑苍补 married 艢谤耻迟补办墨谤迟颈. (Kamba 搁腻尘腻测补峁嘺, B膩lak膩峁囜笉a; 痴腻濒尘墨办颈 搁腻尘腻测补峁嘺. B膩lak膩nda, Canto 71).

Birth of 厂墨迟腻

At a time when 厂墨谤补诲丑惫补箩补 had no issues a girl emerged from the furrows of the ploughed earth, and 厂墨谤补诲丑惫补箩补 felt the desire to bring up the child as his own daughter. And, a celestial voice, "Oh! 厂墨谤补诲丑惫补箩补! it is your own daughter" clinched the issue for the King. That daughter was 厂墨迟腻. 厂墨谤补诲丑惫补箩补鈥擩anaka鈥攁ccordingly brought up 厂墨迟腻 as his own daughter. (痴腻濒尘墨办颈 搁腻尘腻测补峁嘺, 础测辞诲丑测腻 碍腻峁囜笉补, Cantol 18).

Janaka got 艢aivac膩pa. See

under Jamadagni

Janaka and Kaho峁璦ka. See

under 础峁ａ弓腻惫补办谤补.

Janaka and 础峁ａ弓腻惫补办谤补. See

under 础峁ａ弓腻惫补办谤补.

Janaka in Yamaloka.

King Janaka once, by his yogic powers cast off his physical body. A 惫颈尘腻苍补 (aerial chariot) from Devaloka arrived to carry Janaka鈥檚 soul there. On his way to Devaloka Janaka approached 碍腻濒补pur墨 where innumerable sinners were being tortured in the various hells. When they breathed the air which had come in contact with Janaka鈥檚 body, they got much relief from their tortures and the fire of hell now became cool and pleasing to them. When Janaka was about to go away the inmates of hell begged him not to leave them in that condition. He thought to himself thus: "If these beings get some comfort or happiness from my presence I shall surely stay here in 碍腻濒补pur墨, which will be my svarga (heaven)." Thinking thus, Janaka the most righteous of souls stopped there.

And then 碍腻濒补 arrived there to determine suitable punishments to the various kinds of sinners, and seeing Janaka there, asked why he, the most virtuous and the purest of souls, waited there, Janaka explained his reason for standing there and added that he would quit the place only if 碍腻濒补 released all those people from hell. On hearing Janaka鈥檚 answer 碍腻濒补 pointed out to him one by one the sinners who were being tortured in hell and explained things as follows:鈥�"Look here, that fellow there had seduced the wife of his most intimate friend, and that is why he is tied to a red hot iron bar for 10,000 years. After those 10,000 years he would be born in a pig鈥檚 womb, and when he is born among human beings it would be as a eunuch. The other fellow there forcibly kissed another man鈥檚 wife, and so he has to be roasted in Raurava hell for hundred years. That other fellow is put into this vessel filled with blood and pus with both his hands cut off as he had stolen other people鈥檚 property. This fellow did not speak even a word of welcome to a tired and hungry man who sought his hospitality at night. That is why he has been thrown into thick darkness, and there, for a hundred years, he must undergo the additional suffering of wasp-bite. As for this man he had in a loud voice found fault with another man, and this other fellow is his friend who listened to those vilifications attentively. And, that is the reason why both of them have been pushed into this unused well. So, all these people have to suffer for their sins. You, King Janaka, who did only righteous acts will please go away from this accursed place."

Janaka asked 碍腻濒补 how those sinners could be released from hell, and 碍腻濒补 answered that if any good act of the King was transferred to them they could be set free. One early morning Janaka had, with a pure heart, chanted "搁腻尘补, 搁腻尘补" and that good act was exchanged for the freedom of the sinners.

After their release had been effected, Janaka asked 碍腻濒补: "You say that only sinners come here. What sin have I committed that I should come here?" 碍腻濒补鈥檚 reply to the question was as follows:鈥�"Oh! King, no one else in the whole world has so much 辫耻峁噛补 as you have got. But, a small sin you have committed. Once you prevented a cow from eating grass, and, therefore, you had to come up to the gates of hell. Now, that sin has been atoned for. So you may go to svarga." Janaka saluted 碍腻濒补 and in the divine 惫颈尘腻苍补 went to Heaven. (Padma Pur膩峁嘺, Chapters 30 and 31).

Artificial Janaka.

While 厂墨迟腻 was a captive in 尝补峁卥腻 搁腻惫补峁嘺, to bring her round, deputed a very clever magician called Marutta to her, disguised as Janaka, her father. And Marutta, in the capacity of her father consoled her and advised her to yield to the wishes of 搁腻惫补峁嘺. But 厂墨迟腻 did not yield, and the artificial Janaka assumed his original form of Marutta and went away. (Ka峁僢a 搁腻尘腻测补峁嘺, Sundara 碍腻峁囜笉补).

Other information about Janaka.

(1) 叠丑墨尘补蝉别苍补 defeated one Janaka, who was King of 惭颈迟丑颈濒腻 during the time of the 笔腻峁囜笉补惫补蝉. (厂补产丑腻 Parva, Chapter 30, Verse 13).

(2) King Janaka was a personification or incarnation of all good qualities. (Vana Parva, Chapter 207, Verse 37).

(3) Janaka, the father of 厂墨迟腻, in his old age renounced his kingdom and became a recluse. (艢腻苍迟颈 Parva. Chapter 18, Verse 4).

(4) Once the sage called 础艣尘补办补 imparted some pieces of advice to Janaka. (See under A艣makop膩khy膩na).

(5) Once in a war between Janaka and a king called Pratardana, the army of Janaka, in the presence of the army of Pratardana stood aghast, and Janaka incited them to fight by showing heaven and hell to them. (艢腻苍迟颈 Parva, Chapter 99, Verse 4).

(6) Once in a war with a King called K峁�emadar艣墨 when victory for Janaka was found to be an impossibility he, as advised by Sage 碍腻濒补kav峁沰峁�aka gave his daughter to K峁�emadar艣墨 in marriage. (艢腻苍迟颈 Parva, Chapter 106, Verse 2).

(7) Once 惭腻峁囜笉补惫测补 a great sage put many questions about 罢峁涐梗峁嚹� (desire) to Janaka and he, the great philosopher answered the questions quite satisfactorily (艢腻苍迟颈 Parva, Chapter 276).

(8) On another occasion Janaka had a talk with Sage 笔补谤腻艣补谤补 about the attainment of prosperity and welfare. (艢腻苍迟颈 Parva, Chapter 296).

(9) There was a King called 碍补谤腻濒补 Janaka among the Janaka Kings. Once 痴补蝉颈峁ａ弓丑补 gave some good advice to 碍补谤腻濒补 Janaka. (艢腻苍迟颈 Parva, Chapters 302308).

(10) Once a Sage advised a Janaka King called 痴补蝉耻尘腻苍 on subjects relating to Dharma. (艢腻苍迟颈 Parva, Chapter 309).

(11) 痴补蝉耻尘腻苍 Janaka, son of 顿别惫补谤腻迟补 put many questions to 驰腻箩帽补惫补濒办测补 and they were answered to the full satisfaction of the King. (艢腻苍迟颈 Parva, Chapters 310-318).

(12) The Janaka King called Janadeva had once a discussion with Sage 笔补帽肠补艣颈办丑补 about the means to avoid death. (艢腻苍迟颈 Parva, Chapter 319).

(13). There was once a Janaka King called Dharmadhvaja, and Sulabh膩, an erudite woman in 惭颈迟丑颈濒腻 wanted to test the King. By her yogic powers she assumed the form of a very beautiful woman and visited Janaka鈥檚 palace. She was offered a seat by the King, and seated on the stool she took her soul into the body of Janaka, and the soul entered into a dicussion on philosophic subjects with Janaka. Sulabh膩 was thus convinced about the unique scholarship of the King and left the palace ashamed about her attempt to test the King. (艢腻苍迟颈 Parva, Chapter 320).

(14) 艢耻办补, the son of 痴测腻蝉补 not being fully satisfied by the study of 叠丑腻驳补惫补迟补 once visited Janaka at the instance of his (艢耻办补's) father, and Janaka did so easily clear the doubts of 艢耻办补, which even 痴测腻蝉补 had not been able to successfully tackle. (顿别惫墨 叠丑腻驳补惫补迟补, 1st Skandha).

(15) King Janaka did not eat flesh. (础苍耻艣腻蝉补苍补 Parva, Chapter 115, Verse 65).

(16) Dharma, once in the guise of a brahmin imparted many pieces of advice to Janaka. (础艣惫补尘别诲丑补 Parva, Chapter 32).

The above facts prove that the Janaka kings, as a rule, were great scholars and philosophers.

Synonyms of Janaka.

Aindradyumni, Daivar膩ti, Dharmadhvaja, 碍补谤腻濒补, 碍补谤腻濒补janaka; Maithila, 惭颈迟丑颈濒腻dhipa, 惭颈迟丑颈濒别艣惫补谤补, Vaideha etc.