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(CANDRA DEVA).

Birth.

The child born to Atri by Anasuy膩. (See 笔耻谤奴谤补惫补蝉). In Skandha 4 of the 顿别惫墨产丑腻驳补惫补迟补 it is stated that it was Brahman who was born as Candra. (See Atri).

Candra led married life with the wife of his guru.

罢腻谤腻, the very beautiful wife of 叠峁沨补蝉辫补迟颈, preceptor of the Devas happened to reach Candra鈥檚 home during her perambulation one day. Candra and 罢腻谤腻 fell in love with each other at first sight and lived in conjugal happiness. And thus days passed by. 叠峁沨补蝉辫补迟颈, being informed of the fact on enquiry, deputed his disciples to bring 罢腻谤腻 back, but to no purpose. 叠峁沨补蝉辫补迟颈 sent his disciples again and again to 罢腻谤腻, but all to no purpose. Then 叠峁沨补蝉辫补迟颈 himself went to the house of Candra and invited 罢腻谤腻, this time also to no purpose. Enraged at this the Deva guru spoke to Candra as follows: "The brahmin-killer, gold-thief, drunkard, he who marries another鈥檚 wife and he who associates himself with the above three types are responsible for the most terrible five sins, and you, therefore, are not fit enough to reside in Devaloka. Unless you return my wife to me I will curse you." None of the threats of 叠峁沨补蝉辫补迟颈 could shake Candra. He told the Devaguru that 罢腻谤腻 who had gone to his house on her own accord would also leave him when she was satiated with him. These words of Candra made 叠峁沨补蝉辫补迟颈 all the more angry. He returned home and waited sometime more for 罢腻谤腻鈥檚 return. But, he got disappointed, and getting impatient he started again for Candra鈥檚 house. But, this time the gatekeepers did not let him in.

Terribly angry at the cruel rebuff 叠峁沨补蝉辫补迟颈 sought help of Indra. Indra sent word to Candra asking him to send 罢腻谤腻 back home or be prepared for war. Even then Candra refused to yield, and Indra started for war against Candra. But, there was somehow some difference among the devas about all this, and the news reached the asuras. At once 艢耻办谤补, preceptor of the asuras and an old enemy of 叠峁沨补蝉辫补迟颈 met Candra and assured him all support in case war broke out between Indra and Candra. He also strongly advised Candra not to return 罢腻谤腻 to 叠峁沨补蝉辫补迟颈. And, ultimately a fierce war began between Indra and Candra. All activities in the world were thrown into confusion and chaos. At this 叠谤补丑尘腻 on his 丑补峁僺补 (swan) came to the scene and admonished Candra and 艢耻办谤补. They could not but obey 叠谤补丑尘腻 and so were forced to stop fighting. Moreover, Candra returned 罢腻谤腻 to 叠峁沨补蝉辫补迟颈.

The quarrel and fighting thus ended for the time being, but another problem cropped up. At the time Candra returned 罢腻谤腻 to 叠峁沨补蝉辫补迟颈 she was carrying, and 叠峁沨补蝉辫补迟颈 was not aware of the fact. And at last 罢腻谤腻 delivered an exceptionally beautiful male child. The naming ceremony of the child was duly performed, 叠峁沨补蝉辫补迟颈 himself acting as its father. When the news reached Candra he sent a messenger to 叠峁沨补蝉辫补迟颈 claiming the child was his. 叠峁沨补蝉辫补迟颈 too claimed its fatherhood. This controversy developed almost to the brink of a second dev膩sura war. At this stage 叠谤补丑尘腻 went to 叠峁沨补蝉辫补迟颈鈥檚 house and questioned 罢腻谤腻 as to who really was her child鈥檚 father, and she named Candra. Upon this 叠谤补丑尘腻 asked 叠峁沨补蝉辫补迟颈 to release the child to Candra. 叠峁沨补蝉辫补迟颈 did so. (顿别惫墨 叠丑腻驳补惫补迟补, Prathama Skandha).

Wives of Candra.

Candra took twentyseven daughters of 顿补办峁�a as his wives. (顿别惫墨 叠丑腻驳补惫补迟补, Saptama Skandha). These twentyseven wives are the twentyseven stars. Candra circumambulates 惭补丑腻尘别谤耻 along with these, his twentyseven wives (Stars). (惭补丑腻产丑腻谤补迟补 Vana Parva, Chapter 163, Verse 33). The names of the twentyseven wives are given hereunder: 础艣惫颈苍墨, 叠丑补谤补峁嚹�, 碍峁泃迟颈办腻, 搁辞丑颈峁嚹�, 惭峁沢补艣颈谤补蝉, 膧谤诲谤腻, Punarvasu, 笔耻峁�y补, 膧艣濒别峁Ｄ�, 闯补苍补办补峁�, 笔丑腻濒驳耻苍墨, 鲍迟迟补谤补辫丑腻濒驳耻苍墨, Hasta, 颁颈迟谤腻, 厂惫腻迟颈, 痴颈艣腻办丑腻, 础苍耻谤腻诲丑腻, 闯测别峁ａ弓丑腻, 惭奴濒腻, Purv膩峁Ｄ佱笉h膩, 鲍迟迟补谤腻峁Ｄ佱笉丑腻, 艢谤辞峁嚹�, 艢谤补惫颈峁ａ弓丑补, Pracetas, P奴rvapro峁ａ弓hapad膩, Uttarapro峁ａ弓hapad膩, 搁别惫补迟墨.

Solar eclipse according to the Pur膩峁嘺s.

The Devas and the asuras jointly churned 碍峁Ｄ玶腻产诲丑颈 wherefrom emerged Dhanvantari with the 础尘峁泃补kumbha (pot of nectar). (See 础尘峁泃补m).

But an asura 尘腻测腻惫墨 (magician) called 厂补颈峁僪颈办别测补 absconded to 笔腻迟腻濒补 with the 础尘峁泃补kumbha which nobody noticed as everybody was busy with dividing other divine objects. Only after the 尘腻测腻惫墨鈥檚 disappearance was it noticed that the 础尘峁泃补 Kumbha was missing. At once 惭补丑腻惫颈峁ａ箛耻 assumed the figure of a beautiful woman, got back the Kumbha and gave it to the devas. The devas began drinking the am峁泃am when, at the instance of some other devas, 厂补颈峁僪颈办别测补, the 尘腻测腻惫墨 assuming the form of an old brahmin reached svarga, got a share of the am峁泃a and began to drink it. 厂奴谤测补 and Candra (Sun and Moon) who were on guard at the gates divined the secret of the 'old brahmin' and informed 惭补丑腻惫颈峁ａ箛耻 about it. He cut the throat of the pseudo-brahmin with his 厂耻诲补谤艣补苍补 Cakra. But, half of the nectar he had drunk stayed above the throat and the other half below it. Therefore, though the head and the trunk were severed they remained alive. These two parts, in course of time, evolved as 搁腻丑耻 and Ketu.

When the throat was cut some blood as well as some am峁泃a dropped on two places on the ground, and they became the red onion and the white onion respectively. Some vaidika brahmins used to consider the red onion objectionable for consumption as it was evolved from blood, while the white onion was considered usable as it was evolved from am峁泃am.

峁毮乭u and Ketu still maintain their hatred for 厂奴谤测补 and Candra who had betrayed the asura, who, disguised as brahmin tried to drink the am峁泃a. Eclipse is the phenomenon of 搁腻丑耻 and Ketu swallowing 厂奴谤测补 and Candra as and when opportunity presents itself for it. But, since the throat is severed from the body, 厂奴谤测补 and Candra thus swallowed get out through the throat. That is the reason why 厂奴谤测补 and Candra become visible after the eclipse in over. (Kampa 搁腻尘腻测补峁嘺, Yuddha 碍腻峁囜笉补 and 叠丑腻驳补惫补迟补 础峁ａ弓补尘补 Skandha).

Candra besame Calf.

Once emperor 笔峁泃丑耻 transformed Bh膩midev墨 into a cow and milked from her all things and provisions. On that occasion it was 叠谤补丑尘腻, who acted as Calf. And, following 笔峁泃丑耻 when the 峁氠梗is milked the cow Candra served as Calf. (For details see 笔峁泃丑耻).

Waxing and waning of Candra, the pur膩峁噄c story regardding it.

Of the twentyseven daughters of 顿补办峁�a whom Candra had married he loved 搁辞丑颈峁嚹� much more than the other twentysix wives, and so kept her always with him. This annoyed the twentysix wives, who complained about it to 顿补办峁�a. 顿补办峁�a鈥檚 advice to Candra to treat all the wives on an equal footing had no effect on him. So, the twentysix neglected wives again complained to 顿补办峁�a as follows: "We shall stay in the 腻艣谤补尘补 and serve you. Soma (Candra) does not associate with us, he will not accept your advice."

Though 顿补办峁�a warned Candra a second time, that too had no effect on him. So the twentysix wives, for the third time, complained to 顿补办峁�a. 顿补办峁�a got angry at this and cursed that Candra should suffer from tuberculosis. Thus Candra was afflicted by consumption. Though Candra performed many a 测补箩帽补 to get cured of the fell disease, they did not produce the desired effect. Candra remaining a tubercular patient, the growth of medicinal plants stopped with the result that all living things contracted consumption. When people began becoming thinner, the devas asked Candra for an explanation, and he told them all the details. They then sought the help of 顿补办峁�a, who gave Candra redemption from the curse by ordaining that if he dived in the Sarasvat墨 t墨rtha in the western sea he would be free from consumption for half of every month. Thenceforth Candra made it a practice to dive in the 厂补谤补蝉惫补迟墨迟墨谤迟丑补 and that is the reason why Candra is exempted from K峁�ayaroga for fifteen days. (惭补丑腻产丑腻谤补迟补 艢补濒测补 Parva, Chapter 35).

Candra鈥擪ing of stars and of medicines.

During the reign of emperor 笔峁泃丑耻, he changed Bh奴midev墨 into a cow. Later the 峁氠梗is also changed bh奴midev墨 into a cow and milked her. It was Candra who served as calf then. Pleased at this Brahman crowned Candra as king of the stars and medicines. (贬补谤颈惫补峁兣沘, Chapter 4, Verse 2).

Other information about Candra

(1) Candra is 11,000 sq. yojanas in area, 33,000 yojanas in circumference and a volume of 5,900 cubic yojanas. (惭补丑腻产丑腻谤补迟补 叠丑墨峁�m补 Parva, Chapter 12).

(2) Candra presented two attendants called 惭补峁噄 and Sumati to 厂耻产谤补丑尘补峁噛补 (艢补濒测补 Parva, Chapter 45, Verse 32).

(3) Candra once made a discourse on the superior qualities of brahmins to 艢ambar膩sura. (础苍耻艣腻蝉补苍补 Parva, Chapter 36, Verse 13, Southern Text).

(4) All welfare and prosperity accrue to him, who on full-moon day at moon-rise tenders offerings to Candra of bread in copper vessels with honey poured into it. (础苍耻艣腻蝉补苍补 Parva, Chapter 36, Verse, 13, Southern Text).

(5) Candra is one of the 补峁ａ弓补-vasus. Candra had four sons, Varcas, 艢颈艣颈谤补, 笔谤腻峁嘺 and 搁补尘补峁嘺 by his wife named 惭补苍辞丑补谤腻. (膧di Parva, Chapter 66, Verse 18).

(6) Abhimanyu was Candra鈥檚 son, Varcas, reborn as the son of Arjuna. (See Abhimanyu).