Akranta, 膧办谤腻苍迟补, 础办谤腻苍迟补, 膧办谤补苍迟补, Akramta: 22 definitions
Introduction:
Akranta means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
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In Hinduism
Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy)
: Shodhganga: Mantra-s膩dhana: Chapter One of the Kak峁pu峁璦tantra膧办谤补苍迟补 (啶嗋啷嵿ぐ啶ㄠ啶�) refers to one of the eleven methods used with certain types of 蝉补辫迟辞辫腻测补 (seven means) according to the 11th-century Netratantroddyota (v 18.10-12). According to the 10th-century Kak峁pu峁璦tantra verses 1.89-91, the method called 蝉补辫迟辞辫腻测补 (seven means) should be performed when a mantra has had no effect. Among the 蝉补辫迟辞辫腻测补, the 诲谤腻惫补峁嘺, bodhana, 辫辞峁测补, 艣辞峁峁嘺, and 诲补丑补苍墨测补 use a 产墨箩补, and attach it to the mantra. K峁mar膩ja始s commentary on the Netratantra (the Netratantroddyota) verses 18.10-12 gives a detailed account of 11 methods to tie a 产墨箩补 to a mantra (for example, 膧办谤补苍迟补).
: Shodhganga: Iconographical representations of 艢iva膧办谤腻苍迟补 (啶嗋啷嵿ぐ啶距え啷嵿い) or 膧kr膩n迟腻gama refers to one of 耻辫腻驳补尘补蝉 (supplementary scriptures) of the 痴颈尘补濒腻驳补尘补 which is one of the twenty-eight 厂颈诲诲丑腻苍迟腻驳补尘补: a classification of the 艢aiva division of 艢补颈惫腻驳补尘补蝉. The 艢补颈惫腻驳补尘补蝉 represent the wisdom that has come down from lord 艢iva, received by P膩rvat墨 and accepted by Vi峁ａ箛u. The purpose of revealing 耻辫腻驳补尘补蝉 (e.g., 膧办谤腻苍迟补 膧gama) is to explain more elaborately than that of 尘奴濒腻驳补尘补蝉 (e.g., Vimala-膩gama) and to include any new idea if not dealt in 尘奴濒腻驳补尘补蝉.
: SOAS University of London: Protective Rites in the Netra Tantra膧办谤腻苍迟补 (啶嗋啷嵿ぐ啶距え啷嵿い) refers to one of the eleven types of interlocking (the mantra and ritual practice [?]), according to the Netratantra of K峁mar膩ja: a 艢aiva text from the 9th century in which 艢iva (Bhairava) teaches P膩rvat墨 topics such as metaphysics, cosmology, and soteriology.鈥擳he Netratantra describes eleven types of interlocking in which the mantra (A) and the name of the person on whose behalf the rite is performed (苍腻尘补苍), or the action or goal of the ritual (abhidheya, 蝉腻诲丑测补) (B) follow particular patterns. [...] Though described in the text, the Netratantra鈥檚 rites do not call for the use of all eleven varieties [e.g., 腻办谤腻苍迟补].
Shaiva (啶多啶�, 艣aiva) or Shaivism (艣aivism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshiping Shiva as the supreme being. Closely related to Shaktism, Shaiva literature includes a range of scriptures, including Tantras, while the root of this tradition may be traced back to the ancient Vedas.
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
: archive.org: Shiva Purana - English Translation膧办谤腻苍迟补 (啶嗋啷嵿ぐ啶距え啷嵿い) refers to 鈥�(one being) drawn (to worldly enjoyment)鈥� [?], according to the 艢ivapur膩峁嘺 2.3.24 (鈥溑歩va consents to marry P膩rvat墨鈥�).鈥擜ccordingly, as 艢iva said to Vi峁ａ箛u: 鈥淸...] Anyone bound with nooses of iron and timber can secure release but one bound with nooses of women never frees oneself. Worldly enjoyment tightens the bondage. Salvation is inaccessible to a man drawn to worldly enjoyment [i.e., 腻办谤腻苍迟补鈥�惫颈峁测腻办谤腻峁僼补尘补苍补蝉补岣�] even in his dream. If he wishes for happiness, an intelligent man shall duly forsake all worldly pleasures. Worldly enjoyment that dooms persons is on a par with poison. [...]鈥�.
The Purana (啶啶班ぞ啶�, pur膩峁嘺s) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India鈥檚 vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)
: Google Books: Manthanabhairavatantram膧办谤腻苍迟补 (啶嗋啷嵿ぐ啶距え啷嵿い) refers to 鈥渂eing endowed (with the energy)鈥� (of sound and the drop), according to the Manth膩nabhairavatantra, a vast sprawling work that belongs to a corpus of Tantric texts concerned with the worship of the goddess Kubjik膩.鈥擜ccordingly, 鈥淎ccompanied by the Sun, Moon and Fire, adorned with the thirteen, endowed with the energy (kal膩-腻办谤腻苍迟补) of Sound and the Drop, he is the lord of the seed-syllables in the south. He is the very powerful Bhairava, the king of the Tantras of the south. [...]鈥�.
Shakta (啶多ぞ啶曕啶�, 艣膩kta) or Shaktism (艣膩ktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.
Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy)
: Shodhganga: Elements of Art and Architecture in the Trtiyakhanda of the Visnudharmottarapurana (natya)膧办谤腻苍迟补 (啶嗋啷嵿ぐ啶距え啷嵿い) refers to one of the 108 kinds of Kara峁嘺 (鈥渃oordination of precise movements of legs and hands鈥�), according to the Vi峁ａ箛udharmottarapur膩峁嘺, an ancient Sanskrit text which (being encyclopedic in nature) deals with a variety of cultural topics such as arts, architecture, music, grammar and astronomy.鈥擜ccording to the Vi峁ａ箛udharmottarapur膩峁嘺, 办补谤补峁嘺蝉 are the coordination of precise movements of legs and hands performed in a particular posture. The N膩峁瓂a艣膩stra also gives its view point in the same spirit. In the Vi峁ａ箛udharmottarapur膩峁嘺, one hundred and eight kinds of 办补谤补峁嘺蝉 are accepted, e.g., 膧办谤腻苍迟补.
Natyashastra (啶ㄠぞ啶熰啶ざ啶距じ啷嵿い啷嵿ぐ, 苍腻峁瓂补艣腻蝉迟谤补) refers to both the ancient Indian tradition (shastra) of performing arts, (natya鈥攖heatrics, drama, dance, music), as well as the name of a Sanskrit work dealing with these subjects. It also teaches the rules for composing Dramatic plays (nataka), construction and performance of Theater, and Poetic works (kavya).
Ayurveda (science of life)
Toxicology (Study and Treatment of poison)
: Shodhganga: Kasyapa Samhita鈥擳ext on Visha Chikitsa膧办谤腻苍迟补 (啶嗋啷嵿ぐ啶距え啷嵿い) refers to an 鈥渁ttacked (snake)鈥�, as taught in the Dam艣ar奴pa (鈥渁spects of snake-bites鈥�) section of the K膩艣yapa Sa峁僪i迟腻: an ancient Sanskrit text from the P膩帽car膩tra tradition dealing with both Tantra and Vi峁cikits膩鈥攁n important topic from 膧yurveda which deals with the study of Toxicology (Agadatantra or Sarpavidy膩).鈥擳he author discusses conditions under which snakes bite, types of fangs and bites, vital spots of bite which can be fatal, stages of envenomation and astrological considerations for snake-bite effect. Multiple bite-marks caused by an attacked snake (腻办谤腻苍迟补-ahi) are considered non-poisonous.
膧yurveda (啶嗋く啷佮ぐ啷嵿さ啷囙う, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of 膧yurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.
In Jainism
General definition (in Jainism)
: The University of Sydney: A study of the Twelve Reflections膧办谤腻苍迟补 (啶嗋啷嵿ぐ啶距え啷嵿い) refers to 鈥�(being) overcome鈥� (e.g., by disease or old age), according to the 11th century J帽膩n膩r峁嘺va, a treatise on Jain Yoga in roughly 2200 Sanskrit verses composed by 艢ubhacandra.鈥擜ccordingly, 鈥淵ou must understand that the body is overcome by disease (ruj膩-腻办谤腻苍迟补), youth is overcome by old age (jara-腻办谤腻苍迟补), vitality is oppressed by decay and life is oppressed by death鈥�.
Synonyms: Vy膩pta.
Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, 鈥榮elf-reliance鈥�) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionary腻办谤腻苍迟补 (啶嗋啷嵿ぐ啶距啶�).鈥攑 (S) Passed over or through; traversed; seized and occupied by; pervaded, overspread, overcome, overrun, possessed, subjected. Elegantly used in comp. as k膩m腻办谤腻苍迟补, kr艒dh腻办谤腻苍迟补, l艒bh腻办谤腻苍迟补, m艒h腻办谤腻苍迟补, mad腻办谤腻苍迟补, bhay腻办谤腻苍迟补, 艣艒k腻办谤腻苍迟补, daity腻办谤腻苍迟补, jal腻办谤腻苍迟补 bh膩r腻办谤腻苍迟补, 艣ajv腻办谤腻苍迟补, k峁dh腻办谤腻苍迟补, t峁涐梗腻办谤腻苍迟补, cint腻办谤腻苍迟补. 2 Surpassed, surmounted.
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腻办谤腻苍迟补 (啶嗋啷嵿ぐ啶距啶�).鈥攎 (腻办谤补苍诲补苍补 S) Immoderate bellowing or wailing.
: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-English腻办谤腻苍迟补 (啶嗋啷嵿ぐ啶距啶�).鈥�p Passed over; surpassed. Over- run; overcome. m Immoderate bellow- ing; loud bewailing.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary础办谤腻苍迟补 (啶呧啷嵿ぐ啶距え啷嵿い).鈥�a. [na. ta.] Unsurpassed; unconquered.
-迟腻 [na kramyate ka峁囜弓ak膩v峁泃atv膩t kram-kta, na. ta.] The egg plant (产峁沨补迟墨), Solanum Melongena (Mar. 岣峯rale峁� v膩峁僩e峁�).
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膧办谤腻苍迟补 (啶嗋啷嵿ぐ啶距え啷嵿い).鈥�p. p.
1) Seized, taken possession of, overpowered, defeated, vanquished, overcome; 啶嗋啷嵿ぐ啶距え啷嵿い啶掂た啶ぞ啶�- 啶ぞ啶班啶椸ぎ啷� (腻办谤腻苍迟补vim膩na- m膩rgam) R.13.37 reaching upto; 啶班啶溹ぞ掳 (谤耻箩腻掳) Pa帽catantra (Bombay) 5.52; 啶︵た啶︵啶曕啶粪ぞ掳 啶灌啶︵く啶� (did峁沰峁Ｄ伮� h峁沝aya岣�) Da艣akum膩racarita 141 seized with; 啶嗋い啶ぞ啶曕啶班ぞ啶ㄠ啶む啶洁そ啶ぎ啷佮う啷嵿う啷囙ざ啶� (腻迟补辫腻办谤腻苍迟辞''测补尘耻诲诲别艣补岣�) M.3 exposed to heat; 啶嗋啷嵿ぐ啶距え啷嵿い啶啶班啶掂ぎ啶苦さ 啶啶溹啷嵿啶 (腻办谤腻苍迟补p奴rvamiva bhuja峁単am) R.9.79 trodden or trampled under foot; filled with, full of, occupied, covered, overspread; 啶多啶多啶 啶む啶� 啶氞ぞ啶曕啶班ぞ啶ㄠ啶む 啶啷嵿啶侧ぞ啶い啶ㄠ 啶す啶む (艣u艣ubhe tena c腻办谤腻苍迟补峁� ma峁単al膩yatana峁� mahat) R.17.29; 叠丑补谤迟峁沨补谤颈 2.18; 啶掂げ啶苦き啶苦ぐ啷嵿ぎ啷佮啶ぞ啶曕啶班ぞ啶ㄠ啶むぎ啷� (valibhirmukham腻办谤腻苍迟补m) 叠丑补谤迟峁沨补谤颈 3.14,62; Uttarar膩macarita 2.2; Mv.5.4; 艢i艣up膩lavadha 1.7; H.1.22; Da艣akum膩racarita 141; K.55; Ve.2.27; 掳啶い啶� (mati) having the mind engrossed or occupied; Uttarar膩macarita 5.19; M膩lat墨m膩dhava (Bombay) 9.49; so 啶う啶�, 啶く掳, 啶多啶暵� (madana掳, bhaya掳, 艣oka掳) &c.
2) Loaded (as with a burden); pressed by; 啶多啶侧ぞ- 啶曕啶班ぞ啶ㄠ啶む啶� 啶 啶啶曕啶むじ啷嵿い啶膏啶ぞ啶班ぞ啶掂 啶膏啶︵ぞ啶班啶｀ (艣ail膩- kr膩ntena yo muktastasy膩r膩va岣� sud膩ru峁嘺岣�) 搁腻尘.7.16.36. 啶ぞ啶班ぞ啶曕啶班ぞ啶ㄠ啶むぞ 啶掂じ啷佮え啷嵿ぇ啶班ぞ (bh膩r膩kr膩n迟腻 vasundhar膩) M峁沜chaka峁璱ka 8.6; K.118; 啶膏ぞ啶曕啶班ぞ啶ㄠ啶むぞ 啶溹啶ㄠじ啷嵿ぅ啶侧啶� 啶椸啶班啶｀ぞ 啶椸え啷嵿い啷佮 啶� 啶多啷嵿い啶� (s膩kr膩n迟腻 jaghanasthalena guru峁嚹� gantu峁� na 艣ak迟腻) Amaru艣ataka 34.
3) Surpassed, eclipsed, superseded; R.1.38, Ve.5, 啶嗋啷嵿ぐ啶距え啷嵿い啶� 啶むた啶侧啶曕啶班た啶ぞ啶た 啶むた啶侧啷堗 (膩kr膩n迟腻 tilakakriy膩pi tilakai岣�) M.3.5.
4) Obtained, possessed of; 啶掂ぐ啷嵿ぃ啶距え啷嵿い啶班ぞ啶曕啶班ぞ啶ㄠ啶むお啶啶оぐ啶距啷嵿ぐ啶距ぎ啷� (var峁嚹乶tar腻办谤腻苍迟补payodhar膩gr膩m) R.14. 27; Kir膩迟腻rjun墨ya 11.7.
5) Accompanied, attended.
6) Pained, distressed.
7) Graced, adorned, decorated; 啶� 啶栢げ啷� 啶ㄠぐ啶曕 啶灌ぞ啶班ぞ啶曕啶班ぞ啶ㄠ啶む 啶樴え啶膏啶むえ啶ぃ啷嵿ぁ啶侧ぎ啷� (na khalu narake h膩r腻办谤腻苍迟补峁� ghanastanama峁囜笉alam) (艣补谤补峁嘺尘) 叠丑补谤迟峁沨补谤颈 1.67.
8) Seated, ridden; 啶ㄠた啶班啶く啷佮じ啷嵿い啷佮ぐ啶椸ぞ啶曕啶班ぞ啶ㄠ啶むぞ啶� (苍颈谤测补测耻蝉迟耻谤补驳腻办谤腻苍迟腻岣�) 搁腻尘.6.127.13.
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary础办谤腻苍迟补 (啶呧啷嵿ぐ啶距え啷嵿い).鈥攎fn.
(-苍迟补岣�-苍迟腻-苍迟补峁�) 1. Unpassed, unsurpassed. 2. Unconquered.
(-苍迟补岣�) The egg-plant. (Solanum melongena.) E. a neg. and 办谤腻苍迟补 passed.
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膧办谤腻苍迟补 (啶嗋啷嵿ぐ啶距え啷嵿い).鈥攎fn.
(-苍迟补岣�-苍迟腻-苍迟补峁�) 1. Surpassed, surmounted. 2. Overcome, overrun. 3. Pained, distressed. 4. Accompanied, attended. 5. Overspread. 6. Obtained, possessed. 7. Agitated or overcome by, as a feeling. E. 腻办谤补尘补 to mount, surpass, &c. and part. affix kta.
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary膧办谤腻苍迟补 (啶嗋啷嵿ぐ啶距え啷嵿い).鈥擺adjective] taken, seized; overcome, ruled by ([instrumental] or 鈥斅�).
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) 础办谤腻苍迟补 (啶呧啷嵿ぐ啶距え啷嵿い):鈥擺=a-办谤腻苍迟补] mfn. unpassed, unsurpassed, unconquered, not doubled, [峁歡-veda; Pr膩ti艣膩khya]
2) 础办谤腻苍迟腻 (啶呧啷嵿ぐ啶距え啷嵿い啶�):鈥擺=补-办谤腻苍迟腻] [from a-办谤腻苍迟补] f. the Egg plant.
3) 膧办谤腻苍迟补 (啶嗋啷嵿ぐ啶距え啷嵿い):鈥擺=膩-办谤腻苍迟补] [from 腻-办谤补尘] mfn. approached, frequented, visited, [Manu-sm峁泃i; R膩m膩ya峁嘺]
4) [v.s. ...] on which anything lies heavily, pressed by ([instrumental case] or in [compound]), [M峁沜chaka峁璱k膩; Pa帽catantra] etc.
5) [v.s. ...] overcome, overrun, attacked, in the possession of ([instrumental case] or in [compound]), [Pa帽catantra; Kath膩sarits膩gara] etc.
6) [v.s. ...] overcome or agitated (as by feelings or passions), [R膩m膩ya峁嘺; Kath膩sarits膩gara] etc.
7) [v.s. ...] overspread with ([instrumental case]), [Hitopade艣a etc.]
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Goldst眉cker Sanskrit-English Dictionary础办谤腻苍迟补 (啶呧啷嵿ぐ啶距え啷嵿い):鈥擺tatpurusha compound] m. f. n.
(-苍迟补岣�-苍迟腻-ntam) Unpassed, unsur-passed, unconquered. See 办谤腻苍迟补. f.
(-苍迟腻) The egg-plant. (Solanum melongena.) E. a neg. and 办谤腻苍迟补.
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) 础办谤腻苍迟补 (啶呧啷嵿ぐ啶距え啷嵿い):鈥擺a-办谤腻苍迟补] (nta岣�-苍迟腻-nta峁�) a. Unsurpassed; f. The egg-plant.
2) 膧办谤腻苍迟补 (啶嗋啷嵿ぐ啶距え啷嵿い):鈥擺膩-办谤腻苍迟补] (nta岣�-苍迟腻-nta峁�) a. Overcome.
: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)膧办谤腻苍迟补 (啶嗋啷嵿ぐ啶距え啷嵿い) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: 础办办补峁僼补, 础辫辫丑耻峁囜箛补, Uttharia, 鲍迟迟丑腻谤颈测补, 翱肠肠丑耻峁囜箛补, Cappiya.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled 啶膏啶膏啶曕啶むぎ啷� (蝉补峁僺办峁泃补尘), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionary膧kr膩峁僼a (啶嗋啷嵿ぐ啶距啶�) [Also spelled akrant]:鈥�(a) (one who is) attacked, invaded; ~[迟腻] (mistakenly used to mean) invader.
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Kannada-English dictionary
: Alar: Kannada-English corpus膧kr膩峁僼a (嗖嗋矔喑嵿舶嗖距矀嗖�):鈥擺adjective] being in possession of; invaded; encroached.
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膧kr膩峁僼a (嗖嗋矔喑嵿舶嗖距矀嗖�):鈥擺noun] that which is invaded, encroached or under the illegal possession of.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Nepali dictionary
: unoes: Nepali-English Dictionary膧办谤腻苍迟补 (啶嗋啷嵿ぐ啶距え啷嵿い):鈥攁dj. 1. attacked; assailed; beleaguered; 2. overpowered; 3. agitated;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with: Akrantahi, Akrantalakshmika, Akrantamati, Akrantanayaka, Akrantanem.
Full-text (+24): Bharakranta, Samakranta, Anakranta, Mandakranta, Bhayakranta, Akrantamati, Parshvakranta, Akrantanayaka, Akrantalakshmika, Durakranta, Vipadakranta, Akrant, Akkanta, Jarakranta, Rujakranta, Vishayakranta, Cintakkirantan, Jihvakakranta, Aghrata, Vimalakranta.
Relevant text
Search found 19 books and stories containing Akranta, A-kranta, A-办谤腻苍迟补, A-kr膩n迟腻, 膧-办谤腻苍迟补, Akramta, 膧kr膩峁僼a, 膧办谤腻苍迟补, 础办谤腻苍迟补, 膧办谤补苍迟补, 础办谤腻苍迟腻; (plurals include: Akrantas, krantas, 办谤腻苍迟补s, kr膩n迟腻s, Akramtas, 膧kr膩峁僼as, 膧办谤腻苍迟补s, 础办谤腻苍迟补s, 膧办谤补苍迟补s, 础办谤腻苍迟腻s). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Bhakti-rasamrta-sindhu (by 艢r墨la R奴pa Gosv膩m墨)
Verse 1.2.115 < [Part 2 - Devotional Service in Practice (s膩dhana-bhakti)]
Bhajana-Rahasya (by Srila Bhaktivinoda Thakura Mahasaya)
Text 8 < [Chapter 4 - Caturtha-y膩ma-s膩dhana (Madhy膩hna-k膩l墨ya-bhajana鈥搑uci-bhajana)]
Text 6 < [Chapter 1 - Prathama-y膩ma-s膩dhana (Ni艣膩nta-bhajana鈥撆況addh膩)]
Brihad Bhagavatamrita (commentary) (by 艢r墨 艢r墨mad Bhaktived膩nta N膩r膩yana Gosv膩m墨 Mah膩r膩ja)
Verse 2.2.147 < [Chapter 2 - J帽膩na (knowledge)]
Verse 2.3.54 < [Chapter 3 - Bhajana (loving service)]
Verse 2.2.41 < [Chapter 2 - J帽膩na (knowledge)]
Rig Veda (translation and commentary) (by H. H. Wilson)
Rig Veda 1.143.7 < [Sukta 143]
Sahitya-kaumudi by Baladeva Vidyabhushana (by Gaurapada D膩sa)
Text 10.67 < [Chapter 10 - Ornaments of Meaning]
Vishnudharmottara Purana (Art and Architecture) (by Bhagyashree Sarma)
2.5. Kara峁嘺 (movements of legs and hands) < [Chapter 3 - Drama and Dance]