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Significance of Ayodhya

Ayodhya holds significant historical, cultural, and spiritual importance across various Indian traditions, particularly in Jainism, Vaishnavism, and Purana texts. It is known as the birthplace of Lord Rama and is celebrated as a sacred city associated with various significant events, such as his coronation and exile. Described as the capital of the Ikshvaku dynasty, Ayodhya symbolizes prosperity, love, and devotion to God. Throughout narratives, it reflects themes of loyalty, righteousness, and the emotional landscape of its citizens during Rama's absence and return.1
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The below excerpts are indicatory and do represent direct quotations or translations. It is your responsibility to fact check each reference.

Hindu concept of 'Ayodhya'

Hinduism Books

Ayodhya is interpreted in Hinduism as a sacred and historical city, rich in cultural and spiritual significance, associated with Lord Rama, his royal lineage, and profound devotion, embodying love for God and the glory of the Raghu dynasty.

Significance in Purana and Itihasa (epic history):
Purana Books

From: Ramayana of Valmiki (Shastri)

(1) The capital city connected to the royal family and the place where the state treasury and ministers are based.[1] (2) The city to which Rama returned amidst acclamations after his journeys and encounters.[2] (3) The city associated with Rama's reign, symbolizing prosperity and virtue in Hindu tradition.[3] (4) The place associated with Mandhata, known as the home of many heroic figures.[4] (5) The kingdom ruled by Rama, characterized by peace and prosperity after his return.[5]

From: Ramayana of Valmiki (Griffith)

(1) Ayodhya is the place where Ikshv'aku was the first king, and is described as having a famous dynasty.[6] (2) Ayodhya is a place that is mentioned in the text, it is the place that Bharat will rule.[7] (3) Ayodhya is the town filled with tumult and lament, the place where Rama, Sita, and Lakshman went to the king鈥檚 feet, and where the cot wherein you dwell would be.[8] (4) Ayodhya is the name of the kingdom or home that Rama and his family are associated with, and it is the place to which he considers returning after his exile.[9] (5) Ayodhya is a place where the narrator drove through the street and saw the people weeping tears of bitter grief, as well as a place that appears like a queen who mourns her son.[10]

From: Devi Bhagavata Purana

(1) The kingdom from which Rama is exiled, symbolizing loss and the trials he faces due to external circumstances and fate.[11] (2) The city from which King Harishcandra and his family depart, lamented by its inhabitants for the King鈥檚 fate.[12] (3) The beautiful city where King Harishcandra鈥檚 subjects reside, which they prepare to leave as they ascend to the Heavens.[13] (4) The kingdom which Sudarshana is advised to govern, representing a place of significance and royal authority.[14] (5) The city to which Trishanku refused to return while in his cursed form, wanting instead to remain away from the throne.[15]

From: Mahabharata (English)

(1) The capital city to which the monarch returns with Vasishtha, known for its grandeur and significance.[16]

From: Gautami Mahatmya

(1) The capital of the Ikshvaku kingdom and the destination for Rama and others, symbolizing home and lineage.[17]

From: Garuda Purana

(1) The capital city ruled by Rama, known for his benevolent reign.[18]

The Purana refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India鈥檚 vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.

Significance in Vaishnavism (Vaishava dharma):
Vaishnavism Books

From: Brihad Bhagavatamrita (commentary)

(1) A sacred place associated with Lord Ramacandra, noted for its spiritual significance and pilgrimage.[19] (2) A city mentioned as having a lack of the described opulence and sweetness compared to other places.[20] (3) The place where Shri Gopa-kumara resided for some time, known for its natural bliss.[21] (4) the unconquerable city of the Raghu dynasty[22] (5) A significant location in the text, representing a city linked to divinity and historical importance.[23]

From: Garga Samhita (English)

(1) The name of the city which is the kingdom of the glorious King Mandhata.[24] (2) The destination to which King Mandhata went after his interactions with Sri Narada and Sri Saubhari Muni.[25] (3) A city that serves as the kingdom of Lord Rama, known for its beauty and prosperity.[26] (4) The name of the city where the events described in the text take place.[27] (5) The city where the event of stopping the coronation took place.[28]

From: Chaitanya Bhagavata

(1) A city known for its historical and religious significance, visited by Nityananda.[29] (2) A significant location mentioned in the text, associated with the travels of the speaker.[30] (3) The location where the Lord appeared and performed significant events in the pastimes.[31]

From: Tiruvaymoli (Thiruvaimozhi): English translation

(1) The blessed city referenced in the text, characterized by rampant love for God and the place where extraordinary experiences occur because of Lord Rama.[32] (2) The kingdom that Bharata wished to return to after surrendering to Shri Rama, highlighting the theme of loyalty and righteousness.[33]

Vaishnava or vaishnavism (vaishnavism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshipping Vishnu as the supreme Lord. Similar to the Shaktism and Shaivism traditions, Vaishnavism also developed as an individual movement, famous for its exposition of the dashavatara (鈥榯en avatars of Vishnu鈥�).

Significance in Kavya (poetry):
Kavya Books

From: Kathasaritsagara (the Ocean of Story)

(1) The city where Mrigankadatta was born, renowned in the three worlds.[34] (2) The city that serves as the backdrop for the events of the tale, known as the capital of Vishnu and a place of cultural significance.[35] (3) The city established as the primary setting for the concluding events, including the marriage and celebrations.[36]

Kavya refers to Sanskrit poetry, a popular ancient Indian tradition of literature. There have been many Sanskrit poets over the ages, hailing from ancient India and beyond. This topic includes mahakavya, or 鈥榚pic poetry鈥� and natya, or 鈥榙ramatic poetry鈥�.

Significance in Rasashastra (chemistry and alchemy):
Rasashastra Books

From: Rasa Jala Nidhi, vol 3: Metals, Gems and other substances

(1) The historical place related to king Rama-Chandra, part of the remembered chemistry figures.[37]

Rasashastra is an important branch of Ayurveda, specialising in chemical interactions with herbs, metals and minerals. Some texts combine yogic and tantric practices with various alchemical operations. The ultimate goal of Rasashastra is not only to preserve and prolong life, but also to bestow wealth upon humankind.

Jain concept of 'Ayodhya'

Jainism Books

In Jainism, Ayodhya symbolizes a sacred city linked to significant figures and narratives, including King Bharata, Anangalavana, and Ankusha, indicating its importance in cultural and historical contexts within the faith.

Significance in Jainism (general):

From: Trishashti Shalaka Purusha Caritra

(1) A location referenced in connection with Sagara, indicating a place related to the narratives surrounding these beings.[38] (2) A historical and cultural reference point contrasting the general's final abode with a place of established comfort.[39] (3) The city to which Lakshmana and Rama returned after their conquest.[40] (4) The city where King Bharata is located and where the retrieval of Vishalya's bath-water takes place.[41] (5) The destination where Anangalavana and Ankusha traveled after their marriages, indicating a significant place in their story.[42]

Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, 鈥榮elf-reliance鈥�) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.

The concept of Ayodhya in local and regional sources

History Books

Ayodhya is a crucial location in the Ramayana, recognized as Rama's birthplace and kingdom. It embodies core themes of duty, love, and righteousness, and is central to Rama's narrative and spiritual significance in Hindu tradition.

Significance in India history and geography:

From: Triveni Journal

(1) The ancient city that is significant in the Ramayana as the birthplace of Lord Rama and a focal point of his life story.[43] (2) The kingdom where Rama resides, which comes into the narrative as Viswamitra seeks Rama's assistance for a sacrificial rite.[44] (3) The birthplace of Rama and a significant location in the Ramayana reflecting themes of duty, love, and righteousness.[45] (4) The town that is the birthplace of Ram and where Shah Saheb ultimately sought to connect with the divine.[46]

Significance in South Asia:
South Asia Books

From: Buddhist records of the Western world (Xuanzang)

(1) A nearby region with similar products and climate to the unidentified kingdom.[47]