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[Full title: Section IX: The abandoning of Sita; (B) Laksmana鈥檚 Ardhacakravartitva]

(i) Coronation of Laksmana :-According to the Paumacariya Bharata and Kaikeyi accept asceticism (80-83). Rama refuses the crown. Laksmana is made the king of Saketapuri (Ayodhya) and Rama is also consecrated. Vibhisana, Sugriva, Maruti (Hanumat) Pratisurya (the son of Mahendraraja), Nila, Viradhita, Ratnajatin and Bhamandala are recognised as the lords of Lanka. Kiskindhipura, Sripura, Hanuruhapura, Rksapura, Patalankarapura, Devopagitanagara and Rathanupura respectively (85). (ii) Occupation of Mathura by Satrughna :-Satrughna demands Mathura for his kingdom from Rama. It is under the rule of the sonin-law of Ravana, namely Madhu who is unconquerable on account of his trident (trisula) which was given to him by a celestial being, Camara. Satrughna encamps on the bank of the river Yamuna and when Madhu is away from the city without his trident, he besieges the city, defeats Madhu and kills the latter's son Lavana. Defeated Madhu accepts monkhood (85). The trident flees away to Camara. Angry Camara spreads epidemic in the city and causes death of its people. Satrughna leaves for Ayodhya. When seven Munis visit Mathura, the epidemic subsides and the city prospers again, Satrughna pays homage to those Munis and installs the statues of those Munis (Risis) in the four quarters outside the city (86-89), to escape further calamity. (iii) Laksmana's war-campaign: Once Narada requests Vidyadhara Ratnaratha of Ratnapura of southern Vijayardha to marry his daughter, Manorama to Laksmana, but the latter turns down his proposal and insults him. Narada goes to Laksmana and instigates him to force marry Manorama. Laksmana attacks Ratnaratha and defeats him. At the request of Manorama he grants life to her father. Then Ratnaratha marries his daughters Satyadama and Manorama to Rama and Laksmana (ch. 90). Thereafter Laksmana conquers all the lords of the southern range of the Vijayardha mountain and becomes an Ardhacakravartin of Bharatavarsa (91). According to the Valmiki Ramayana Bharata hands over the reins to Rama by returning the latter's sandals (6.127). Vasistha coronates Rama as the king of Ayodhya. When Laksmana refuses to accept Yuvarajatva that authority is bestowed upon Bharata (6.128). Here Bharata does not renounce the world. He attains heaven along with Rama (7.110). Vibhisana and Sugriva who were already made the lords of Lanka and

106 A CRITICAL STUDY OF PAUMACARIYAM Kiskindhapura respectively, return to their respective places (6.128). It does not refer to any digvijaya of Laksmana or his further marriage. Here Lavana, the son of Daitya Madhu living in the Madhuvana (on the bank of Yamuna) oppresses the hermits with the help of his trident (trisula) which was presented to him by Rudra for his righteousness (7.61-62). The trident is as powerful as it is mentioned to be in the Paumacariya Here Lavana is the son of Kumbhinasi, the sister of Kaikasi, the latter being the mother of Ravana (7.68.14), (7.5.37; 7.61.16). Cyavana along with other Rsis make a complaint to Rama about the atrocities of Lavana (7.70.4). Rama sends Satrughna who kills Lavana when the latter does not have his trisula with him (7.63-69). The trident flees away to Rudra. The city comes to be known as Surasena (i.e. whose army is brave) It becomes a city of plenty after 12 years because the Devas had granted a boon to that effect on the occasion of the victory of Satrughna (7.70). on About the Saptarsis the Valmiki Ramayana mentions that Rama and Laksmana their way to Kiskindha from the Rsyamuka hill, pay homage to the Saptarsis whose hermitage fell on their way. Sugriva had told them that those Rsis had performed austere penances and had attained heaven (4.13). The Ramcharitmanas mentions the coronation of Rama. (7.12). On this occasion the Vedas assume human form and eulogise Rama. Siva also comes there to pay homage to Rama. Then all the others depart to their respective places. Hanumat stays there in the service of Rama (7.20). Then follows the description of the prosperous and happy Ramarajya According to the Ramopakhyana, Rama becomes the king of Ayodhya. He performs 'Dasasvamedha.' The story is finished here (Mahabharata, 3.291). In the Ananda Ramayana there is an account of the marriage of Madanasundari with Yupaketu, the son of Satrughna. King Kambukantha of Sivakantyapuri of the south invites various kings to the 'svayamvara' of his daughter Madanasundari but does not send any message to Rama's sons, Narada learns it and comes to know of the desire of Madanasundari to become a daughter-in-law in the family of Rama. Narada informs Yupaketu of it. Yupaketu defeats all the candidates and Kambukantha also. He grants him life at the request of Madanasundari and then marries her (6.8). It further (7.7-9) describes the digvijaya of Rama after the occupation of Mathura by Satrughna.

COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE RAMA-STORY 107 The Paumacariya agrees with the Paumacariya According to the Paumacariu Vibhisana attempts to stab himself, but escapes death on account of suddenly falling into swoon (76.2). Here Vibhisana is crowned by Rama (78.14). It drops the account of the Saptarsis. The Ramapurana of Bhattaraka Somasena. agrees with the Paumacariya It mentions the name of the Muni as Subala who ordinates Indrajit (p. 163). The Trishashti Shalaka Purusha-caritra agrees with the Paumacariya etc. The Vasudevahindi follows the Valmiki Ramayana, but Sugriva is made the king of a part of the Vidyadhara mountain. Rama becomes the king of Ayodhya. He conquers Bharatavarsa. The story is finished here. the half of According to the Uttara-purana, Vibhisana is consecrated as the king of Lanka (68.633). Vibhisana, Sugriva and Anumat bring Sita and Rama accepts her without any suspicion (68.642). Then they go to Pithagiri. Rama and Laksmana get consecrated there at the hands of the Vidyadhara lords. Laksmana lifts up the Kotisila and yaksa Sunanda offers Sunanda sword to Laksmana. Then follows the digvijaya by Laksmana and their entry into the city of Ayodhya. Both of them are enthroned (63.663). The Mahapurana agrees with the Uttara-purana It additionally mentions that Vibhisana tries to commit suicide with a dagger in grief of the death of Ravana, but he is saved by his ministers (78.23.1).