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Summary of article contents:

Most passages on the seasons in works of ancient Indian medicine list frost, spring, summer, rainy season, autumn and winter as the divisions of the year. However, in some contexts, the hibernal season frost (艣颈艣颈谤补) is left out and replaced by a second rainy season, called 鈥渂eginning of the rain鈥� (辫谤腻惫峁涐梗), that is placed between summer and the actual rainy season. In this paper, I first introduce the concept of the seasons and the division of the year into two halves. Second, I examine the dichotomy of the existence, within one scientific corpus, of two seasonal schemes that vary regarding the included seasons. Concerning this matter, I review the investigations of Francis Zimmermann and compare them with 岣宎lha峁嘺s commentary on the relevant passages in the 厂耻艣谤耻迟补蝉补峁僪颈迟腻. This analysis shows that Zimmermann was by and large correct when he argued that the two schemes are utilized in specific contexts but it proposes a new terminology for the schemes, understanding them as preventive and reactive instead of distributive and transitive. Finally, an examination of the relevant passages in the lesson on the seasons in the 厂耻艣谤耻迟补蝉补峁僪颈迟腻 reveals that, contrary to the correspondent lessons in the other sources, here the two schemes are mixed together in a very confusing way. This, in combination with further textual evidence, clearly points to the posteriority of the 厂耻艣谤耻迟补蝉补峁僪颈迟腻鈥檚 lesson on the seasons compared to its counterparts in the Caraka- and 叠丑别濒补蝉补峁僪颈迟腻.