Principle of Shakti in Kashmir Shaivism (Study)
by Nirmala V. | 2016 | 65,229 words
This page relates ‘Categorization of the Universal Creation� of the thesis dealing with the evolution and role of Shakti—the feminine principle—within the religious and philosophical framework of Kashmir Shaivism. Tantrism represents an ancient Indian spiritual system with Shakti traditionally holding a prominent role. This study examines four major sub-streams: Kula, Krama, Spanda, and Pratyabhijnā.
Go directly to: Footnotes.
Part 6 - The Categorization of the Universal Creation
Śaivite theory about creation is centered on the categorization of all the objects into 36 principles.[1] It is not a novel idea for many earlier systems like ṅkⲹ have already induced these principles which are conceived for the making of the universe. The whole thing done by Ś is the addition of 11 principles to the ṅkⲹ categories.[2] These levels of manifestation has a hierarchy in itself; as the manifestation becomes more and more grosser, so the separation between the seed and the point of being or the object becomes greater.
Ś and Śپ are the first two categories in which the voluntary movement starts. The power of being, ‘Cit�, is free from all the impurities and predominates in the level of Ś. The experience in this state is pure ‘I�[3] and in the second category, which follows Ś, experience is ‘I am�. ĀԲԻ岹śپ predominates in this category. ś-the third category, is predominated by the power of ,[4] is a faintly affected state of the supreme self. The experience of beings in this category is ‘I am this�, where the ‘this� represents the universe, the cause of affection. Power of ñԲ predominates in the next level known as ś. The experience is ‘this am I�.
These two levels each other are having a close relationship as pointed out by K. C. Pandey,
Just as in the case of balancing beam, held straight, from the scientific point of view, one end is lower than the other, so the difference between the experiences between the ś and Īś levels, is due to the predominance of the subjectivity in the former and that of the objectivity in the latter.[5]
Idam (thisness) in the Īś level takes the form of idamevāham (‘this am I�). Since the existence of the idam (object) and aham (subject) related each other it indicates the predominance of ñԲśپ in this level. 屹 or Śܻ is the next category with a predominance of power of and the experience is ‘I am this�.[6] Śܻ (the pure order) of manifestation ends with this category the predominance of the aforementioned five Śپs in the five categories in their respect is the view held by Abhinavagupta.
Footnotes and references:
[1]:
[2]:
The thirty six categories are broadly classified into two sections viz., Śܻ (Pure order) and Aśuddhādhvan (Impure order); Former constitutes the first five tattvas and the later includes the remaining principles controlled by the power of .
[3]:
[4]:
The power of will is conjoined with the ś category; Similarly Jñāna with Īś and so on.
[5]:
K. C. Pandey, Op.cit., p.368.
[6]:
ղԳٰǰ첹첹, VI. 50, , Vol. 2, p.233; Īśpratyabhijñāvivṛtivimarśinī, Vol. 3, p.329.