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1 狈颈办耻峁�峁�补苍补

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(9) 苍颈办耻峁�峁�补办补尘
鈥�unnamana峁� vinamana峁� 蝉测腻诲a峁単asya 苍颈办耻峁�峁�补nam |鈥�
iti 办辞丑补濒补岣� |
tena hastasy膩lapallavasya kani峁ａ弓h膩峁単ulipatanotpatanaprak膩ro 苍颈办耻峁�峁�补nam |
ih膩pi vak峁�yate | 补帽肠颈迟补 iti p膩dasy膩pyuddha峁�峁璱tar奴pat膩 |
鈥�sthitiv膩 p膩datal膩gre峁嘺 辫腻谤峁ａ箛颈峁� bh奴mau nip膩tayet |
yasya p膩dasya kara峁噀 bhaveduddha峁�峁璱tastu sa岣� ||鈥浓赌�(苍腻.艣腻.9-266)

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cak膩re峁嘺 ma峁囜笉alasthanakamucyate | sva产腻丑耻艣颈谤补蝉补 ityekavaca苍腻ddhast膩viti dvivaca苍腻cca pary膩ye峁嚹佱箙gadvayena 辫谤补测辞驳补岣� | evak膩r膩ddak峁�i峁噀na prayoge 诲补办峁�i峁嘺 eva 辫腻诲补岣� 惫腻尘别苍补 惫腻尘补岣� | tena ma峁囜笉anasthanake 蝉迟丑颈迟惫腻 肠腻迟耻谤补艣谤测腻诲补苍补苍迟补谤补尘耻诲惫别峁ａ弓颈迟补办补谤补峁噀苍补 丑补蝉迟补峁� 苍墨迟惫腻 skandha艣irasi 苍颈办耻峁�峁�补yet | tameva p膩damuddha峁�峁璱ta峁� kury膩t 惫腻尘补峁� tu 丑补蝉迟补峁� yath膩vasthita峁� punar膩viddhavakravartanatay膩 ta峁� 丑补蝉迟补峁� catura艣r墨kury膩t | tatsamak膩la峁� coktavidhi苍腻 dvit墨yama峁単a峁� 苍颈办耻峁�峁�补yediti yoja苍腻 | 

鈥�(础产丑颈苍补惫补产丑腻谤补迟墨, Commentary on 4.69-71, GOS Vol. I, p.101) 

This extract is a commentary in the 苍颈办耻峁�峁�颈迟补 办补谤补峁嘺. 

Bharata has defined 苍颈办耻峁�峁�颈迟补 办补谤补峁嘺 thus:

啶ㄠた啶曕�佮�熰�嵿�熰た啶む�� 啶�啶︵�� 啶灌じ啷嵿い啷� 啶膏�嵿さ啶�啶距す啷佮ざ啶苦ぐ啶膏�嬥え啷嵿い啶班�� 啷� 啷�.啷�啷�啶氞�嵿う啷� 啷�
啶�啶距う啷� 啶ㄠた啶曕�佮�熰�嵿�熰た啶む�� 啶氞�堗�� 啶溹�嵿�炧�囙く啶� 啶むい啷嵿い啷� 啶ㄠた啶曕�佮�熰�嵿�熰�曕ぎ啷� 啷�
啶呧�炧�嵿�氞た啶む�� 啶�啶距す啷佮ざ啶苦ぐ啶膏�� 啶灌じ啷嵿い啶膏�嵿い啷嵿さ啶�啶苦ぎ啷佮�栢ぞ啶權�嵿�椸�佮げ啶苦�� 啷� 啷�.啷�啷� 啷�
啶ㄠた啶曕�佮�炧�嵿�氞た啶むぞ啶班�嵿ぇ啶�啷嬥�椸�囙え 啶�啶掂�囙う啶班�嵿ぇ啶ㄠた啶曕�佮�熰�嵿�熰�曕ぎ啷� 啷� 啷�.啷�啷о�呧が啷� 啷�

苍颈办耻峁�峁�颈迟补u yad膩 hastau svab膩hu艣irasontare || 4.69cd ||
p膩dau 苍颈办耻峁�峁�颈迟补u caiva 箩帽别测补峁� tattu 苍颈办耻峁�峁�补办补尘 ||
补帽肠颈迟补u b膩hu艣irasi hastastvabhimukh膩峁単uli岣� || 4.70 ||
niku帽cit膩rdhayogena bhavedardha苍颈办耻峁�峁�补办补尘 || 4.71ab ||

Bharata says that when the hands placed between the shoulder and the head in the 苍颈办耻峁�峁�补 movement, and the feet also in the same 苍颈办耻峁�峁�补 movement, that 办补谤补峁嘺 is called 苍颈办耻峁�峁�补ka. Though he gives such a definition, Bharata does not supply information as to what exactly this movement called 鈥�苍颈办耻峁�峁�补na鈥� is, and how it is to be represented. 

In order to fill this gap, Abhinava presents Kohala鈥檚 definition of the act of 苍颈办耻峁�峁�补na. Kohala says鈥�

啶夃え啷嵿え啶�啶ㄠ�� 啶掂た啶ㄠぎ啶ㄠ�� 啶膏�嵿く啶距う啷� 啶呧�權�嵿�椸じ啷嵿�� 啶ㄠた啶曕�佮�熰�嵿�熰え啶�啷�.

unnamana峁� vinamana峁� 蝉测腻诲 a峁単asya 苍颈办耻峁�峁�补nam. 

In other words, when a limb is moved up and down, that movement is called 苍颈办耻峁�峁�补na. 

When applied to the 办补谤补峁嘺 called 苍颈办耻峁�峁�补ka, the alapallava hasta is to be brought in between the shoulder and the head and the little finger is to be moved up and down. The word 补帽肠颈迟补 has been used to indicate that the feet should also be in the 耻诲驳丑补峁�峁�颈迟补 movement. Abhinava also makes a cross reference from the ninth chapter of N膩峁瓂a艣腻stra where the term 耻诲驳丑补峁�峁�颈迟补 has been defined. He says that when one stands on the toes and then brings the heels down, it is called 耻诲驳丑补峁�峁�颈迟补. 

First the dancer starts in the 尘补峁囜笉补濒补蝉迟丑腻苍补办补. The mention of the word 鈥�产腻丑耻艣颈谤补蝉补鈥� in singular and 鈥�hastau鈥� in the dual number, indicate that this movement is to be performed by both hands, one after the other. When the right leg is moved, correspondingly the right hand is also moved and with the left leg, the left hand is also moved. Abhinava then makes a reconstruction of the 苍颈办耻峁�峁�补ka 办补谤补峁嘺. He says the dancer must stand in the 尘补峁囜笉补濒补蝉迟丑腻苍补办补 with 肠补迟耻谤补艣谤补 苍峁泃迟补-丑补蝉迟补. The right hand should start performing the 苍颈办耻峁�峁�补ka 办补谤补峁嘺 along with the right leg performing the 耻诲驳丑补峁�峁�颈迟补. After this, the right hand will perform the 膩viddhavakravarta苍腻 and come back to to 肠补迟耻谤补艣谤补 hasta near the chest. This action is repeated with the left hand and leg. 

Bharata鈥檚 definitions of the 办补谤补峁嘺s are very brief and terse. Reconstructing the actual movements based only on this would prove very difficult. Abhinavagupta supplies much additional information that is required to practically be able to understand and present these movements. In this case of the 苍颈办耻峁�峁�补ka 办补谤补峁嘺 he supplies the Kohala鈥檚 definition of the action of 鈥�苍颈办耻峁�峁�补na鈥� on which this entire 办补谤补峁嘺 is based. But for a clear understanding of the basic action of 苍颈办耻峁�峁�补na, it would be rather difficult to present the 苍颈办耻峁�峁�补ka 办补谤补峁嘺.

2 Niku峁�峁璦ka Kara峁嘺 (N峁泃tarat苍腻val墨)

啶ㄠた啶曕�佮�熰�嵿�熰�曕�� 啶�啷佮す啷佮ぐ啷嵿さ啶距�曕�嵿く啷� 啶膏�嵿さ啶膏�嵿く 啶多�嵿げ啶距�樴ぞ 啶�啷嵿ぐ啶оぞ啶ㄠ�曕�� 啷�
啶呧げ啶�啶︵�嵿ぎ啶曕え啷�啶�啶膏�嵿く啶距�� 啶�啶むえ啷嬥い啷嵿お啶むえ啶距い啷嵿ぎ啶曕ぎ啷� 啷�
啶ㄠた啶曕�佮�熰�嵿�熰�曕ぎ啶苦�� 啶溹�嵿�炧�囙く啶� 啶膏�嵿�曕え啷嵿ぇ啷� 啶曕�嬥す啶侧じ啶�啷嵿ぎ啶むぎ啷� 啷� 啷�啷� 啷� (啶ㄠた啶曕�佮�熰�嵿�熰�曕ぎ啷�) (啷�)

苍颈办耻峁�峁�补ka峁� muhurv膩kye svasya 艣l膩gh膩 pradh膩nake |
alapadmakan墨yasy膩岣� patanotpata苍腻tmakam |
苍颈办耻峁�峁�补办补尘iha 箩帽别测补峁� skandhe kohalasammatam || 51 || (苍颈办耻峁�峁�补办补尘) (9)

鈥�(N峁泃tarat苍腻val墨, Chapter IV, p. 108) 

闯腻测补 Se苍腻pati presents this definition of 苍颈办耻峁�峁�补ka 办补谤补峁嘺 and says that this has been accepted by Kohala. 

The definition is mostly on the lines of Bharata, but does not mention the movement of the legs. On comparison of the sculptures of the 苍颈办耻峁�峁�补ka 办补谤补峁嘺 found in three temples in South India 苍补尘别濒测鈥�叠峁沨补诲墨艣惫补谤补 temple (Tanjore), 艢腻谤峁単补辫腻峁噄 temple (Kumbhakonam) and 艢谤墨 狈补峁璦谤腻箩补 temple (Chidambaram), V. Raghavan makes the following observations:

鈥榃hile Chidambaram and Tanjore agree on this, Kumbhakonam which bears the number 9 and name 苍颈办耻峁�峁�补ka clearly, presents the hands differently; without both hands being 苍颈办耻峁�峁�补ka in shoulder, the left is at chest as in the next 办补谤补峁嘺, with the right hand gracefully let loose as 岣峯濒腻鈥�.