Kohala in the Sanskrit textual tradition (Study)
by Padma Sugavanam | 2011 | 95,782 words
This page relates 鈥楰ohala and Nritya (9): The concept of Angahara鈥� of the thesis dealing with Kohala鈥檚 contribution to the Sanskrit textual tradition of ancient Indian performing arts. The study focuses specifically on music (Gita), dance (Nritya), and drama (Natya). Although Kohala鈥檚 original works have not been found, numerous references to him across Lakshana-Granthas (treatises) and works by modern scholars indicate his significance.
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Kohala and N峁泃ya (9): The concept of 础峁単补丑腻谤补
啶ぞ啶班啶椸啶曕啶むじ啷嵿ぅ啶ㄠ啶距ぐ啷嵿く啶距う啶� 啶ぞ啶班啶椸え啷冟い啷嵿い啷� 啶啶班く啷佮啷嵿く啶む 啷�
啶ぅ啷嬥啶苦い啶� 啶むい啷� 啶啶班く啷嬥啷嵿く啶� 啶ぞ啶班啶椸啶曕啶むじ啷嵿ぅ啶ㄠ啶距う啶苦き啶苦 啷�
啶ㄠぞ啶む啶班ぞ啶權啶椸す啶距ぐ啶� 啶啶溹啶ぞ啶膏啶啶班啶ㄠ啶ㄠた啶い啶曕啶班ぎ啶ぞ啶掂た啶ㄠ 啷�
啶呧啷嵿啶灌ぞ啶班啶� 啶ㄠぞ啶熰啶啶洁お啶� 啶︵啶多啶膏啶ムえ啶距う啶� 啶啶溹く啷囙い啷� 啷�
啶い啷� 啶侧啶曕ぞ啶ㄠ啶曕ぞ啶班啶�...................
啶い啷� 啶曕啶灌げ啶い啶權啶椸ぞ啶︵啶啶班啶侧啷嵿し啶苦い啶� 啶� 啶啶班く啷嬥啶苦い啶� 啷�m膩rgoktasthanac膩ry膩di 尘腻谤驳补n峁泃te prayujyate |
测补迟丑辞肠颈迟补峁� tat 辫谤补测辞箩测补峁� m膩rgoktasthanak膩dibhi岣� ||
n膩tr膩峁単a丑腻谤补岣� yojy膩syurnniyatakramabh膩vina岣� |
a峁単ah膩re峁嘺 n膩峁瓂e'pi 诲别艣墨sthan膩di yojayet |
yato lok膩nuk膩re峁嘺...................
yat kohalamata峁単膩dyairlak峁t膩 ca prayojit膩 |鈥�(厂补峁単墨迟补肠颈苍迟腻尘补峁噄鈥�Manuscript, ORI-SVU, Acc. No. 7501, Fol. 175-176)
The above verses are a part of the 狈峁泃迟补产丑腻驳补 of Vema 叠丑奴辫腻濒补鈥檚 厂补峁単墨迟补肠颈苍迟腻尘补峁噄. The subject matter relates to 补峁単补丑腻谤补蝉. 础峁単补丑腻谤补 is a combination of 办补谤补峁嘺蝉.
艢腻谤峁単补诲别惫补 defines the term 补峁単补丑补蝉蝉谤补 thus:
啶呧啷嵿啶距え啶距ぎ啷佮啶苦い啷� 啶︵啶多 啶灌ぐ啶｀ 啶膏さ啶苦げ啶距じ啶曕ぎ啷� 啷� 啷�.啷ク啷︵啷嵿う啷� 啷�
啶ぞ啶む啶曕啶む啶曕ぐ啶膏ぎ啷嵿お啶距う啷嵿く啶啷嵿啶灌ぞ啶班啶洁き啶苦ぇ啷�啶い啷� 啷�
啶う啷嵿さ啶� 啶灌ぞ啶班 啶灌ぐ啶膏啶ぞ啶 啶啶班く啷嬥啷嬥そ啶權啶椸啶班た啶むた 啶膏啶啶む 啷� 啷�.啷ク啷� 啷�a峁単膩n膩mucite de艣e 丑补谤补峁嘺峁� savil膩sakam || 7.790cd ||
m膩t峁沰otkarasamp膩dyama峁単ah膩ro'bhidh墨yate ||
yadv膩 h膩ro harasy膩ya峁� prayogo'峁単airiti sm峁泃a岣� || 7.791 ||[1](Trans: The graceful movement of the limbs to the proper places, composed of groups of 惭腻迟峁沰腻蝉 (combinations of two 碍补谤补峁嘺蝉), is called 础峁単补丑腻谤补 [i.e., the 丑腻谤补 or movement of 础峁単补蝉 ]. Or it is explained that this [particular] movement pertains to Hara, [Lord 艢颈惫补], and is demonstrated with the limbs.)[2]
Mandakranta Bose says that a similar description is also given by Abhinavagupta. There are thirty two 补峁単补丑腻谤补蝉. While, Bharata describes all the thirty-two at a stretch, Vema has presented these in two classes of sixteen 补峁単补丑腻谤补蝉 each, based on the 迟腻濒补 employed. The former sixteen follow a rhythm of four counts (肠补迟耻谤补艣谤补) and the latter鈥攖hree counts (迟谤测补艣谤补). This pattern is also seen in 厂补峁単墨迟补谤补迟苍腻办补谤补 which was a predecessor of Vema鈥檚 厂补峁単墨迟补肠颈苍迟腻尘补峁噄. Therefore, it is likely that Vema has adopted the same style as the one used by 艢腻谤峁単补诲别惫补.
The above mentioned verses of Vema occur after descriptions of all the thirty-two 补峁単补丑腻谤补蝉. Vema says that these 补峁単补丑腻谤补蝉 are to be used along with the 蝉迟丑腻苍补蝉 and 肠腻谤墨蝉 and and appropriate 尘腻谤驳补-蝉迟丑腻苍补办补蝉, and are to be used on 尘腻谤驳补-苍峁泃迟补 (dance of the 尘腻谤驳补 tradition). The next verse has a portion of the text missing therefore the meaning is not very clear. Perhaps, Vema is trying to indicate that in 诲别艣墨 苍峁泃迟补, the 诲别艣墨 补峁単补丑腻谤补蝉, 蝉迟丑腻苍补办补蝉 etc. are to be used. And these have been described (defined) by 惭补迟补峁単补, Kohala and others.
It is interesting to note that though there is copious material of 厂补峁単墨迟补肠颈苍迟腻尘补峁噄 in 叠丑补谤补迟补办辞艣补 of M. R. Kavi, this particular reference to Kohala in the context of 础峁単补丑腻谤补s is not to be found therein.
Footnotes and references:
[1]:
厂补峁単墨迟补谤补迟苍腻办补谤补 of 艢腻谤峁単补诲别惫补: 1953: Vol. IV: p.252
[2]:
厂补峁僩墨迟补谤补迟苍腻办补谤补 of 艢腻谤峁単补诲别惫补: 1976: Vol IV: p. 127