Puranic encyclopaedia
by Vettam Mani | 1975 | 609,556 words | ISBN-10: 0842608222
This page describes the Story of Mahisha included the Puranic encyclopaedia by Vettam Mani that was translated into English in 1975. The Puranas have for centuries profoundly influenced Indian life and Culture and are defined by their characteristic features (panca-lakshana, literally, ‘the five characteristics of a Purana�).
Story of Ѳṣa
An Asura.
Birth.
Long ago there was a famous Asura King named Danu. Two sons named Rambha and Karambha were born to him. Having no issue, they decided to worship Mālavaṭa ⲹṣa, praying to be blessed with children. They started tapas, Karambha, in the middle of water and Rambha in the middle of ʲñ岵Ծ. Indra was alarmed at their tapas. He took the form of a crocodile and went into the water in which Karambha was standing and caught hold of his feet, pulling him down. Karambha was drowned. The mighty Rambha who was enraged at the death of his brother, decided to cut off his own head and offer it as sacrifice in the fire. He drew his sword and was about to cut off his head, when Agni, the god of fire, appeared before him and stopped him saying:�"Do not kill yourself. Killing another person itself is a sin. Suicide is a more serious sin. Ask for any boon you wish to have; I shall grant it. Do not put an end to your life."
Then Rambha replied:� "If you are prepared to grant me a boon, let me have a son who is more brilliant than yourself and who will be the conqueror of all the three worlds. He should not be defeated by Devas or Asuras, and he should be as mighty as the wind, handsome and an expert archer." Agni replied:"You will have such a son by the woman who wins your heart".
When god Agni had left after saying this, Rambha went to visit Mālaⲹṣa, who was attended to by ۲ṣa. There, they had a treasure known as Padma and numerous animals like elephants, horses, buffaloes, cows and sheep. Among them was a three-year-old shebuffalo of exceptional charm and Rambha fell in love with her. She was also irresistibly attracted by him. As fate would have it, a sexual union took place between them.
The she-buffalo became pregnant and Rambha took her with him to his own house in . There, the other Բ, his kinsmen who came to know of his connection with the she-buffalo, expelled him from their midst as one who had committed a forbidden act. So he returned to Mālavaṭaⲹṣa. The pretty shebuffalo accompanied her husband to the holy Yakṣamaṇḍala.
While they were living there, she gave birth to an attractive buffalo-calf. After that a he-buffalo came across her. But she remained loyal to her Բ husband who drew his sword and rushed towards the he-buffalo. The terrible beast with his mighty horns attacked Rambha who fell dead on the ground. The widowed Ѳṣ� (she-buffalo) sought the protection of the ۲ṣa. They saved her from the Ѳṣa (He-buffalo). The disappointed and love-stricken Ѳṣa drowned himself in a holy lake and was reborn as a mighty and heroic Asura named Namara. The Ѳṣ� spent some time under the protection of the ۲ṣa. When they cremated Rambha’s body, she jumped into the funeral pyre and burnt herself to death. At once from the middle of the fire there arose a monstrous being. That terrible monster, armed with a sword drove away the ۲ṣa and killed all the Ѳṣas. Ѳṣa who was the son of Rambha alone was spared. He was the Asura named 鲹ٲīᲹ. He defeated all gods like Indra, Rudra, ūⲹ, and others.
Ѳṣāsܰ became the King of the Asuras. The alarmed Devas (gods) abandoned their posts of honour. All the worlds were plunged in darkness. (Vāmana Purāṇa, Chapter 17).
Ѳṣāsܰ’s Reign.
Ѳṣāsܰ who was intoxicated with pride on account of the boon he had received, became the undisputed and sole emperor of the three worlds. He formed a strong council of Ministers. Cikṣura who was puffed with pride and an expert in military Science, was installed as War-Minister and 峾, the gifted economist as Finance Minister. The Prime Minister was dz. ḍāl was Foreign Minister. Udarka became Military Commander. ṣk, Trinetra and Kālabandhaka were assigned the posts of Members of the Executive Council. Śܰ峦ⲹ was the Education Minister. Ѳṣa strengthened his army. The State Treasury overflowed with wealth. Kings of the neighbouring states paid tribute and bowed their heads to him. The ṇa offered the share of ⲹñ to Ѳṣāsܰ and prostrated before him. (ٱī 岵ٲ, 5th Skandha).
Outbreak of War.
After strengthening his position as Emperor of the world, Ѳṣa contemplated the conquest of Heaven. He sent a messenger to Indra. The messenger ordered Indra to surrender to Ѳṣāsܰ. Indra answered with utter contempt to the messenger and his master Ѳṣa. The messenger returned and reported the matter to Ѳṣāsܰ who began to tremble with anger.
Although Indra sent away the messenger with scorn, he had no peace of mind. He called together the Devas and discussed what was to be done. They decided to declare war on Ѳṣāsܰ. and Indra, accompanied by the other Devas set out to . From there, taking ʲś with them, they proceeded to ղṇṭ. On arrival there, they offered prayers to Ѳ屹ṣṇ who appeared before them. They submitted to him their grievances and sufferings under the rule of Ѳṣāsܰ. After deep deliberations, Ѳ屹ṣṇ supported the proposal for war. Thus the war between Devas and Asuras started.
Devāsura Yuddha.
It was a dreadful war. Ѳṣa himself appeared on the scene of battle. He struck at Indra with his mighty club. Before he received the blow, Indra broke the club with his Thunderbolt. The Asura named Andhaka encountered Ѳ屹ṣṇ. The five arrows of that Asura were broken to pieces by Ѳ屹ṣṇ in the sky itself. Then they started a terrible fight with various weapons such as sword, spear, axe, arrow, discus etc. It lasted for about 50 days without a break. ṣk fought against Indra, Ѳṣa against Rudra, Trinetra against Yamadharma, ѲԳ against Śrīda, and dz against Pracetas. In the course of the battle, Andhaka, struck a blow at Ҳḍa with his cudgel. Ҳḍa, the vehicle of վṣṇ was stunned by the blow, but վṣṇ restored his energy by stroking him gently with his right hand. After that he took up his bow Śṅg and tried to kill Andhaka with a shower of arrows. But the Daitya warrior countered all of them with 50 arrows which he shot at վṣṇ. վṣṇ smashed all of them and sent his destructive weapon "ܻ岹śԲ Cakra" against Andhaka. Without the slightest fear, Andhaka stopped it with his own Cakra weapon and kept վṣṇ’s weapon at bay and shouted in triumph. Finding that վṣṇ’s weapon had failed and hearing the scornful shout of Andhaka, the Devas were filled with panic. At this critical moment, վṣṇ took up his club "ܳǻ岹ī" and rushed into the midst of the Asuras and struck Andhaka with it. Under the blow, the Asura hero reeled and fell down unconscious. At his fall, Ѳṣa himself rushed forward to վṣṇ with a terrible roar. Then there ensued a bitter fight between վṣṇ and Ѳṣa. Each began a shower of arrows on the other. But not a single arrow injured either. In the thick of the battle վṣṇ struck a blow on Ѳṣa’s head and he dropped down unconscious. But ere long the Բ rose up and taking up his iron pestle aimed a mighty blow at վṣṇ’s head and brought it down with deadly effect Under the blow, even վṣṇ fell unconscious on Ҳḍa’s back. վṣṇ’s condition made Ҳḍa withdraw from the scene of battle temporarily, with վṣṇ on his back. Indra and the other gods began to cry aloud. Ś, who saw this desperate plight of the Devas, at once came to the battlefield, carrying his trident, ready to fight against Ѳṣa. When he tried to pierce the Asura’s chest with his trident, the latter thwarted the blow with his own lance and aimed it at Ś’s breast. Although it actually hit him, Ś disregarded it and gave another thrust to Ѳṣa with his trident. By this time Ѳ屹ṣṇ had recovered from his swoon. At once he returned to the field of battle and joined Ś in his attack on Ѳṣa. When Ѳṣa saw that both Ś and վṣṇ were launching a combined attack against him, in his wild fury he assumed his own buffalo form and lifting up his tail and shaking his head rushed towards his mighty adversaries. With his terrible horns he lifted up mountain peaks and hurled them at the enemy. But the Deva leaders stopped them with their shower of arrows. վṣṇ sent his Cakra against him and it made the Asura chief drop down senseless. But he soon recovered and rushed forward to renew his attack with a terrible roar. վṣṇ then sounded his divine conch "ñᲹԲⲹ" and drowned the sound of his roar. Just as the roaring of the asura frightened the Devas, the sound of ñᲹԲⲹ struck terror in the minds of the Asuras.
Ѳṣa’s Death.
The Asuras were terrified at the sound of ñᲹԲⲹ. In order to encourage them, Ѳṣa assumed the form of a lion and rushed into the midst of the army of Devas roaring. Even the հūپ were alarmed for a short while when they saw the fierce beast advancing through their battlearray killing and mauling hundreds of the Devas on either side. Ѳ屹ṣṇ at once sent his weapon Cakra against the lion. The lion was reduced to ashes by it, but Ѳṣa rose up again in the form of a buffalo and rushed forward. He gave a severe cut on Ѳ屹ṣṇ’s chest with his long and powerful horn. Ѳ屹ṣṇ started fleeing to ղṇṭ. At the sight of this, Ś concluded that Ѳṣa was proof against killing and so he also fled to riding on his bull. When վṣṇ and Ś took to their heels, also flew to Satyaloka, riding on this swan. Although the leaders left the field, the rest of the Devas under the leadership of Indra, encountered Ѳṣa again. Indra drew his Vajra. The ṣṭ徱첹 assisted him. The battle raged fiercely again. The Devas began to flee for life. Taking this opportunity, Ѳṣāsܰ forced his way into Heaven. He planted his Daitya flag highly. He drove out all the remaining Devas. In this way the Asuras took possession of Devaloka. The Devas took shelter on the tops of mountains.
Several centuries passed. The Devas assembled and prayed to . He took them again to ղṇṭ. Ś also arrived there. The Devas submitted their grievances to վṣṇ. They prayed to him to devise some method by which Ѳṣa could be killed. had given him a boon that no Man was capable of killing him.
Ѳ屹ṣṇ said to them:�"By Virtue of the boon, Ѳṣa could be killed only by a woman. If we can create a woman who is part of the Devas with their power and glory, we could kill him with her help. So let us try to create such a mighty woman, concentrating all our powers on her. After her creation, we must give her all our weapons."
As soon as Ѳ屹ṣṇ spoke these words, a figure with dazzling effulgence issued forth from ’s face. Both վṣṇ and Ś were amazed at the sight of this figure radiating beams of light which were partly cool and partly warm. Similar figures, embodying the peculiar powers and qualities of վṣṇ, Ś, Indra, Kubera, ղṇa and all other gods, emanated from them. In a moment all these figures merged into a single figure and transformed themselves into a single woman with celestial beauty and having eighteen arms. This woman of exquisite beauty combining all the powers and glories of all the Devas was ٱī herself. The devas supplied her with jewels and ornaments and gorgeous clothes. Decked in all glory and with fascinating beauty, riding on a lion. she took her stand at the entrance of Devaloka and challenged Ѳṣa. At the very first sight of ٱī, Ѳṣa fell in love with her. She declared she would become the wife of the person who could defeat her in battle.
So Ѳṣa made up his mind to defeat her in a fight. It was a terrible battle. All the Ministers of Ѳṣa, like ṣk, Durmukha, 峾, Cikṣura, dz and ḍāl were slain. At last Ѳṣa himself appeared on the scene to fight with ٱī. Ѳṣa started with a shower of arrows and ٱī countered them all with her own arrows. In the end she attacked him with վṣṇ Cakra. The Cakra cut off his throat and he dropped down dead. The devas raised a thunderous shout of joy and triumph. (ٱī 岵ٲ, 5th Skandha).