Vakyapadiya of Bhartrihari
by K. A. Subramania Iyer | 1965 | 391,768 words
The English translation of the Vakyapadiya by Bhartrihari including commentary extracts and notes. The Vakyapadiya is an ancient Sanskrit text dealing with the philosophy of language. Bhartrhari authored this book in three parts and propounds his theory of Sphotavada (sphota-vada) which understands language as consisting of bursts of sounds conveyi...
This book contains Sanskrit text which you should never take for granted as transcription mistakes are always possible. Always confer with the final source and/or manuscript.
Verse 3.7.25
Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration and English translation of verse 3.7.25:
啶︵啶班さ啷嵿く啶距う啶苦さ啶苦し啶 啶灌啶む啶� 啶曕ぞ啶班啶� 啶ㄠた啶い啶曕啶班た啶ぎ啷� 啷�
啶曕ぐ啷嵿い啶� 啶曕ぐ啷嵿い啷嵿ぐ啶ㄠ啶むぐ啶距お啷囙啷嵿し啶� 啶曕啶班た啶ぞ啶ぞ啶� 啶灌啶む啶班た啶粪啶い啷� 啷� 啷ㄠカ 啷�dravy膩divi峁yo hetu岣� 办腻谤补办补峁� niyatakriyam |
kart膩 kartrantar膩pek峁岣� 办谤颈测腻y膩峁� heturi峁ate || 25 ||25. The cause (hetu) has substance etc. as its scope whereas an accessory (办腻谤补办补) is restricted to action. When an agent depends upon another for the accomplishment of the action, it is also called cause (hetu).
Commentary
The author now points out the difference in the scope of 鈥�hetu鈥� and 鈥�蝉腻诲丑补苍补鈥� though they both produce effects.
[Read verse 25 above]
[The difference between 鈥�hetu鈥� and 办腻谤补办补 is this. That which can bring about a substance (dravya), quality (驳耻峁嘺.) or action (办谤颈测腻) is hetu, as in the following sentences: 产墨箩别苍腻峁卥耻谤补岣� = 鈥榯丑谤辞耻驳丑 the seed, the sprout,鈥� dhanena kulam = 鈥榯丑谤辞耻驳丑 wealth, the family, vidyay膩 ya艣a岣� = 鈥榯丑谤辞耻驳丑 learning, fame, 艣ilp膩bhy膩sena naipu峁噛am = 鈥榯丑谤辞耻驳丑 practice of a craft, skill,鈥� agnin膩 辫腻办补岣� = through fire, cooking. That which helps in the accomplishment of the action but is not presented as performing any operation is called 鈥�hetu鈥�. That is why fire is the 鈥�hetu鈥� of cooking (辫腻办补) and takes the third case-ending. The same is true of the other sentences. An accessory (办腻谤补办补) can bring about action only. Each one performs some operation or other. There is only one thing which performs some operation and is yet called 鈥�hetu鈥�: that which prompts another to do something (P. 1.4.55).]
The difference between 鈥�hetu鈥� and 办补谤补峁嘺鈥� is now stated.