Biofabrication of silver sulphide nanoparticles from cinnamomum tamala leaves
a next generation antiinflammatory agent
Journal name: World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Original article title: Biofabrication of silver sulphide nanoparticles from cinnamomum tamala leaves
The WJPR includes peer-reviewed publications such as scientific research papers, reports, review articles, company news, thesis reports and case studies in areas of Biology, Pharmaceutical industries and Chemical technology while incorporating ancient fields of knowledge such combining Ayurveda with scientific data.
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Subtitle: a next generation antiinflammatory agent
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Richa Kothari and Deepshikha Sharma
World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research:
(An ISO 9001:2015 Certified International Journal)
Full text available for: Biofabrication of silver sulphide nanoparticles from cinnamomum tamala leaves
Source type: An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Pharmaceutical and Medical and Scientific Research
Doi: 10.20959/wjpr20205-17463
Copyright (license): WJPR: All rights reserved
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Summary of article contents:
1) Introduction
The study focuses on the biosynthesis of silver sulphide nanoparticles (Agâ‚‚S NPs) using extracts from the leaves of Cinnamomum tamala, commonly known as Indian bay leaves. These nanoparticles possess notable anti-inflammatory properties, potentially offering an alternative to conventional medications like acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin). The research is motivated by the increasing prevalence of inflammation-related conditions, emphasizing the need for innovative and eco-friendly approaches in nanoparticle synthesis for biomedical applications.
2) Biosynthesis of Silver Sulphide Nanoparticles
The research outlines a green method for synthesizing silver sulphide nanoparticles by mixing Indian bay leaf extract with silver nitrate and thio-semicarbazide hydrochloride solutions in controlled ratios. This method is highlighted as cost-effective and environmentally friendly, as it avoids the use of hazardous chemical agents typically employed in nanoparticle fabrication. The resultant nanoparticles were characterized through various spectroscopic techniques, confirming their size, shape, and functionalization, which is essential for their stability and bioactivity.
3) Anti-Inflammatory Activity Evaluation
The study further investigates the anti-inflammatory activity of the synthesized Agâ‚‚S NPs using three assays: protein denaturation, protease inhibition, and heat-induced hemolysis. The results showed significant inhibition of protein denaturation induced by heat, with the leaf extract demonstrating the highest protection followed closely by nanoparticles at varying ratios. These tests validate the potential efficacy of the biosynthesized nanoparticles in mitigating inflammatory responses, positioning them as promising candidates for developing new anti-inflammatory therapies.
4) Characterization Techniques
Comprehensive characterization techniques were employed to analyze the biosynthesized nanoparticles' structural and optical properties. Techniques such as UV-Visible spectroscopy indicated surface plasmon resonance, while Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy confirmed the presence of functional groups responsible for stabilizing the nanoparticles. Furthermore, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed the crystalline nature of the particles, which aids in understanding their potential biomedical applications. Additionally, Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) provided vital morphological insights, affirming that the nanoparticles were spherical and well-dispersed.
5) Conclusion
The research concludes that the biosynthesis of silver sulphide nanoparticles using Cinnamomum tamala leaves presents a promising avenue for developing effective anti-inflammatory agents. The demonstrated anti-inflammatory activities combined with the cost-effective and ecologically benign synthesis process highlight the potential of these nanoparticles in future medicinal formulations. The findings support the notion that naturally derived nanoparticles could serve as viable alternatives to traditional pharmaceutical agents, paving the way for advancements in nanomedicine.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What is the main objective of the study conducted by Kothari et al.?
The main objective of the study was to biosynthesize silver sulphide nanoparticles from Cinnamomum tamala leaves and evaluate their potential anti-inflammatory activity against standard acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin).
What method was used for synthesizing silver sulphide nanoparticles?
The biosynthesis of silver sulphide nanoparticles was performed using the sol-gel method by mixing bay leaf extract with silver nitrate solution, followed by characterization using various spectroscopic techniques.
How was the anti-inflammatory activity of the nanoparticles tested?
The anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using protein denaturation, protease inhibition assays, and heat-induced hemolysis methods, comparing the results with those of acetylsalicylic acid.
What are the characteristics of the synthesized silver sulphide nanoparticles?
The synthesized silver sulphide nanoparticles were found to have a particle size below 100 nm, exhibit a spherical shape, and demonstrate significant absorption peaks in UV-Visible spectra indicative of successful synthesis.
What biophysical techniques were used to characterize the nanoparticles?
The nanoparticles were characterized using techniques including UV-Visible spectroscopy, FT-IR, XRD, SEM, TEM, and EDX to confirm their structural and compositional properties.
What is the potential application of biosynthesized silver sulphide nanoparticles?
The biosynthesized silver sulphide nanoparticles show promise for various biomedical applications, particularly in the formulation of topical anti-inflammatory agents such as ointments and gels due to their cost-effectiveness and eco-friendliness.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Biofabrication of silver sulphide nanoparticles from cinnamomum tamala leaves�. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Silver:
Silver refers to a metallic element known for its antimicrobial properties, which enables it to serve as an active component in the synthesis of nanoparticles. The study focuses on biofabricating silver sulphide nanoparticles from various sources, emphasizing its potential as an anti-inflammatory agent in biomedical applications.
2) Activity:
Activity in this context pertains to the biological effects or actions exhibited by synthesized nanoparticles or extracts, especially their anti-inflammatory effects. Assessing the activity of silver sulphide nanoparticles is crucial for understanding their efficacy compared to traditional drugs like aspirin in managing inflammation.
3) Cinnamomum tamala:
Cinnamomum tamala, also known as Indian bay leaves, is a plant recognized for its medicinal properties, particularly its role in traditional Ayurvedic medicine. The leaves are utilized in biosynthesis in this study to produce silver sulphide nanoparticles with potential anti-inflammatory effects.
4) Tamala:
Tamala is part of the botanical name Cinnamomum tamala, referring specifically to the species of tree known for its aromatic leaves. Understanding the species is essential for recognizing its pharmacological significance and help in biosynthetic processes to produce beneficial nanoparticles.
5) Table:
Table in this context refers to the organized presentation of data, summarizing results obtained from experiments. It effectively communicates findings related to the efficacy of various treatments and the biochemical analysis of Cinnamomum tamala extracts and silver sulphide nanoparticles, aiding in comparison and interpretation.
6) Drug:
Drugs are substances used to diagnose, treat, or prevent diseases. In this study, the focus is on developing new drug formulations using nanoparticles derived from natural sources to enhance efficacy against inflammation compared to traditional medications.
7) Gwalior:
Gwalior is a city in India where the study was conducted, housing the authors' affiliated institution, ITM University. The geographical context indicates local botanical resources and may indicate regional medical practices and the significance of indigenous knowledge in research.
8) Indian:
Indian refers to the regional context of the study, emphasizing the use of indigenous plants like Cinnamomum tamala in traditional medicine. The identification of plant sources rooted in local practices reflects the cultural importance and credibility of natural remedies in modern scientific research.
9) Study (Studying):
Study refers to the research undertaken to explore the biogenic synthesis of silver sulphide nanoparticles and their anti-inflammatory properties. The systematic investigation provides vital insights into the methodologies used and the results achieved, contributing to the fields of nanotechnology and medicine.
10) Surface:
Surface pertains to the external aspect of nanoparticles, which is crucial in determining their reactivity, stability, and biological interactions. The surface properties of silver sulphide nanoparticles are key factors influencing their efficacy as potential therapeutic agents.
11) Phytochemical:
Phytochemical refers to the bioactive compounds derived from plants. In this study, the identification of phytochemicals in Cinnamomum tamala is essential as these compounds are involved in the reduction process during nanoparticle synthesis and also contribute to their medicinal properties.
12) Water:
Water is a solvent used in the preparation of plant extracts and nanoparticle synthesis. Its role is critical in facilitating the extraction of phytochemicals from Cinnamomum tamala and serving as a medium for the chemical reactions needed for biosynthesis processes.
13) Salt (Salty):
Salt, specifically silver nitrate used in this study, acts as the precursor for synthesizing silver nanoparticles. Its interaction with the plant extract leads to the reduction of silver ions, ultimately resulting in the formation of silver sulphide nanoparticles.
14) Inflammation:
Inflammation is a biological response to harmful stimuli, associated with pain and tissue damage. The study aims to develop anti-inflammatory agents from silver sulphide nanoparticles, evaluating their effectiveness against traditional treatments to provide alternative therapeutic options.
15) India:
India serves as the geographical context for this research, showcasing the rich variety of medicinal plants available. The cultural significance of Ayurveda in Indian medicine underscores the relevance of local flora in modern therapeutic developments.
16) Antibiotic (Antibacterial):
Antibacterial denotes the capability to combat bacteria. The synthesized silver sulphide nanoparticles exhibit significant antibacterial properties, making them suitable for various medical applications, including topical agents to prevent and treat bacterial infections.
17) Biodegradable:
Biodegradable signifies the capacity of materials to break down and decompose naturally in the environment. The focus on biodegradable silver sulphide nanoparticles highlights their eco-friendly production and potential for use in sustainable biomedical applications.
18) Discussion:
Discussion in the context of this study refers to the critical examination of results and findings. It allows researchers to interpret their data, contextualize their findings within existing literature, and propose future directions for research in nanoparticle applications.
19) Flavonoid:
Flavonoids are a class of phytochemicals found in Cinnamomum tamala which exhibit antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Their presence in leaf extracts contributes to the functional attributes of biosynthesized nanoparticles, enhancing their therapeutic properties.
20) Transformation (Transform, Transforming):
Transform in this research context refers to the process of converting raw materials, such as plant extracts and metal salts, into biologically active nanoparticles. This transformation is pivotal for developing effective therapeutic agents from natural sources.
21) Medicine:
Medicine encompasses the science of diagnosing, treating, and preventing diseases. The study bridges traditional medicinal practices using Cinnamomum tamala with modern nanotechnology to explore innovative therapeutic options for managing inflammation.
22) Science (Scientific):
Science represents the rigorous pursuit of knowledge through empirical evidence and experimentation. This study exemplifies scientific inquiry in the field of nanotechnology and pharmaceuticals, exploring new frontiers in developing effective anti-inflammatory agents.
23) Disease:
Disease relates to health conditions characterized by specific symptoms and dysfunction. This study investigates silver sulphide nanoparticles' potential in treating inflammatory conditions, highlighting their relevance in reducing the impact of diseases through innovative therapies.
24) Cancer:
Cancer refers to a group of diseases characterized by uncontrolled cell growth. The study seeks to explore biodegradable nanoparticles as potential therapeutic agents, underlining the importance of innovative treatments in addressing significant health challenges like cancer.
25) Nature:
Nature signifies the inherent biological and physical phenomena occurring in the natural world. This study emphasizes utilizing natural resources, specifically plant extracts, to create biodegradable nanoparticles for medicinal use, highlighting the value of nature in scientific advancements.
26) Tree:
Tree refers to the source of Cinnamomum tamala, which provides the leaves used for extract production. Understanding the botanical aspect is crucial as it connects traditional knowledge of herbal medicine with modern scientific research in nanoparticle biosynthesis.
27) Transmission:
Transmission refers to the process used to convey properties or characteristics from one entity to another, such as how phytochemicals from Cinnamomum tamala influence the properties of synthesized nanoparticles. It highlights the interaction between plant extracts and metal ions in nanoparticle fabrication.
28) Measurement:
Measurement entails quantifying specific properties or characteristics in research. This study employs various analytical techniques to measure the size, shape, and bioactivity of synthesized nanoparticles, ensuring accurate determination of their potential medicinal effects.
29) Substance:
Substance is synonymous with material or component, emphasizing the individual characteristics of materials used in research. For instance, the silver nitrate and phytoconstituents in Cinnamomum tamala are important substances that interact to form nanoparticles with potential therapeutic effects.
30) Dressing:
Dressing, in a medical context, pertains to materials applied to wounds. The study suggests that silver sulphide nanoparticles could serve as advanced dressing materials with antimicrobial characteristics, advantageous for wound healing and infection prevention.
31) Quality:
Quality indicates the standard or degree of excellence of a substance or product. In research, assessing the quality of synthesized nanoparticles is critical, ensuring that they meet safety and efficacy benchmarks for medical applications.
32) Heating:
Heating refers to the application of thermal energy to facilitate chemical reactions. In the context of this study, controlled heating is part of the synthesis process of silver sulphide nanoparticles, influencing their size and properties.
33) Punjab:
Punjab is a region in India known for its rich agricultural and botanical resources. Mentioning Punjab as a context reinforces the significance of local biodiversity in sourcing medicinal plants for research in biosynthesis and medicinal advancements.
34) Sharman (Sarma, Sharma, Sarman):
Sharma refers to one of the study’s co-authors, representing collaboration in research. The contributions and perspectives of multiple authors enhance the rigor of the research process and ensure comprehensive exploration of the topic.
35) Medium:
Medium refers to the environment in which synthesis reactions occur, often involving solvents or solutions. The study discusses the alkaline medium used during the synthesis of silver sulphide nanoparticles, impacting the reaction's dynamics and outcomes.
36) Powder:
Powder denotes a solid material characterized by small, loose particles. In the study, silver sulphide nanoparticles may be analyzed in powdered form for various characterization techniques, highlighting the significance of particle size and morphology in applications.
37) Patta:
Patta is a term used to refer to the leaves, specifically those of Cinnamomum tamala in this study. Understanding local terminology emphasizes the cultural context and significance of traditional knowledge in leveraging local flora for medicinal purposes.
38) Field:
Field signifies a specific area of study or professional practice. In this research, the field encompasses nanotechnology, pharmacology, and traditional medicine, highlighting the interdisciplinary nature of the work and its relevance across various scientific domains.
39) Fight:
Fight in a medical context refers to the body's response to ailments, including inflammation. This study aims to develop effective therapeutic agents that assist in the fight against inflammatory conditions, showcasing the linkage between traditional remedies and modern science.
40) Blood:
Blood is the vital fluid in the body that plays critical roles in immune response and transport. Understanding the interactions of synthesized nanoparticles with blood components is significant for evaluating their potential therapeutic effects and safety in biomedical applications.
41) Diet:
Diet refers to the nutritional intake of an individual, which may influence health and inflammation. Exploring the effects of lifestyle factors like diet on inflammation supports the holistic understanding of disease management and therapeutic interventions.
Other Science Concepts:
Discover the significance of concepts within the article: �Biofabrication of silver sulphide nanoparticles from cinnamomum tamala leaves�. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:
Anti-inflammatory activity, Particle size, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Transmission electron microscopy, Protein denaturation, Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy, UV-Visible spectroscopy, Biomedical application.