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Glossary definitions and references:

Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for 鈥淎 Bird Eye View on Mandal Kustha According to Various Aachryas in Ayurveda鈥�. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.

1) Mandal:
Mandal refers to a type of skin condition in Ayurveda characterized by circular, elevated patches. This term specifically relates to Mandal Kustha, highlighting its association with Maha Kustha and the distinct appearance of the lesions.

2) Kushtha (Kustha):
Kushtha encompasses various types of skin diseases in Ayurveda, divided into Maha Kushtha and Kshudra Kushtha categories. Mandal Kustha is considered a Maha Kushtha and exhibits symptoms like white patches, elevated lesions, and chronicity.

3) Nidana:
Nidana refers to the causative factors and etiology of diseases in Ayurveda. For Mandal Kustha, Nidana includes dietary, lifestyle, and karmic factors that contribute to the onset and development of the disease.

4) Rupa:
Roopa denotes the clinical features or symptoms of a disease. In the context of Mandal Kustha, Roopa involves characteristics like unctuous, heavy, stable, and circular patches. These symptoms guide the diagnosis and treatment plan.

5) Samhita:
Samhita refers to ancient Ayurvedic texts that document medical knowledge. The Bruhattrayee (Charak Samhita, Sushrut Samhita, Vagbhatta) and Laghutrayee provide descriptions of Mandal Kustha, including its symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment.

6) Ghrita (Ghrta):
Ghrita, or medicated ghee, is used in Ayurveda for its therapeutic properties. In Mandal Kustha, various types like Mahatiktak Ghrita are recommended post-Shodhana (purification) to manage residual doshas and treat the condition internally.

7) Taila (Thaila):
Taila involves medicinal oils used both externally and internally in Ayurveda for various disorders. In treating Mandal Kustha, oils like Bakuchi Taila and Marichadi Taila apply for their healing properties to alleviate symptoms and promote skin health.

8) Ayurveda (Ayus-veda):
Ayurveda, an ancient Indian system of medicine, emphasizes a holistic approach to health. The treatment of Mandal Kustha within Ayurveda includes understanding its pathology, Nidana (causes), Roopa (symptoms), and appropriate therapeutic interventions.

9) Disease:
Disease, in this context, relates to skin disorders classified under Kustha in Ayurveda. Mandal Kustha is a specific non-infectious skin disease, which requires targeted therapies based on Ayurvedic principles.

10) Dosha (Dosa):
Dosha refers to the three fundamental bio-elements in Ayurveda鈥擵ata, Pitta, and Kapha. The imbalance of these doshas leads to diseases, including Mandal Kustha, where specific treatments aim to restore the doshic balance.

11) Mamsa (Mamsha):
Mamsa, or muscle tissue, is among the Dushyas (affected tissues) in Mandal Kustha. The imbalance in Dosha can affect Mamsa, contributing to the pathological changes observed in the skin disorder.

12) Ahara:
Ahara, meaning diet, plays a crucial role in both the prevention and management of diseases in Ayurveda. For Mandal Kustha, dietary recommendations include avoiding heavy, oily foods and incorporating purifying foods/recipes.

13) Bahu:
Bahu means many or excessive. In the context of Mandal Kustha, symptoms like Bahu Kandu (excessive itching) and Bahu Kleda (excessive discharge) are noted, indicating the pathological severity.

14) Shodhana (Sodhana):
Shodhana is a purification therapy in Ayurveda designed to eliminate toxins and balance doshas. For Mandal Kustha, Shodhana methods like Vamana (emesis) and Virechana (purgation) are used according to the predominant dosha.

15) Dushya (Dusya):
Dushya refers to the body tissues affected by the disease. In Mandal Kustha, tissues like Twak (skin), Rakta (blood), Mamsa (muscles), and Lasika (lymph) are involved. Treatments aim to cleanse and restore these tissues.

16) Pitta:
Pitta is one of the three doshas in Ayurveda, associated with fire and bile. An imbalance in Pitta, often characterized by inflammation and heat, can contribute to the manifestation of Mandal Kustha.

17) Kapha:
Kapha, representing water and earth, is one of the doshas in Ayurveda. An imbalance in Kapha, leading to accumulation and sluggishness, can be a factor in the development of Mandal Kustha.

18) Karma (Karman):
Karma indicates actions, including treatments and lifestyle modifications. Mandal Kustha management involves both Sanshodhan Karma (purification) and Sanshamana Karma (pacification) to address the disease effectively.

19) Rakta:
Rakta, meaning blood, is a vital tissue affected in Mandal Kustha. Purification of Rakta is crucial, involving therapies like Raktamokshana to remove vitiated blood components contributing to the skin disorder.

20) Kandu (Kamdu):
Kandu refers to itching, a primary symptom in Mandal Kustha. Managing Kandu through both topical and internal Ayurvedic treatments is essential to provide relief and prevent further complications.

21) Shaka (Saka):
Shaka means vegetables. The consumption of beneficial Shaka like Tikta Shaka (bitter vegetables, e.g., Patola) is recommended in Ayurveda for managing Mandal Kustha due to their purifying and anti-inflammatory properties.

22) Kumar:
[see source text or glossary: Kumar]

23) Maha (Maha掳):
Maha means great or severe. In the context of skin diseases, Mandal Kustha is classified under Maha Kustha, indicating its severity and the complexity of its management in Ayurvedic practice.

24) Rasa (Rasha):
Rasa, in Ayurveda, signifies taste and also refers to mercury-based preparations. Compounds like Gandhak Rasayan in the treatment of Mandal Kustha work to purify the blood and balance doshas.

25) Vati:
Vati, or tablet form medicines, are commonly used in Ayurvedic treatments. Arogyavardhini Vati and Shashilekha Vati are examples used for managing symptoms and dosha imbalances in Mandal Kustha.

26) Vata:
Vata is one of the three doshas representing air and ether. Its vitiation can lead to skin conditions like Mandal Kustha, manifested through symptoms such as dryness and instability of the patches.

27) Raktamokshana (Raktamoksana, Rakta-mokshana):
Raktamokshana is a bloodletting therapy in Ayurveda used to treat conditions involving blood disorders. For Mandal Kustha, Raktamokshana helps remove vitiated blood, thereby reducing symptoms and promoting healing.

28) Papakarman (Papakarma, Papa-karma):
Papa-karma involves harmful or negative actions, believed to contribute to disease in Ayurveda. Avoiding Papa-karma and performing ethical, positive deeds are part of holistic treatment approaches for conditions like Mandal Kustha.

29) Samprapti:
Samprapti refers to the pathogenesis or disease process. Understanding the Samprapti of Mandal Kustha involves recognizing the role of vitiated doshas and their impact on body tissues, leading to specific symptoms.

30) Tridosha (Tridosa, Tri-dosha):
Tridosha theory involves the three doshas鈥擵ata, Pitta, and Kapha. An imbalance among these doshas leads to diseases like Mandal Kustha, where different treatments target harmonizing the Tridoshas.

31) Bhojana:
Bhojana means food or diet. Proper Bhojana, adhering to dietary recommendations, is crucial in managing Mandal Kustha to prevent aggravation and aid in the healing process.

32) Mandala (Mamdala):
Mandala typically defines a circular pattern. In Ayurveda, Mandala also describes the lesions found in Mandal Kustha, which have a distinctive circular shape, making it identifiable and aiding in diagnosis and treatment.

33) Kulatha:
Kulatha, or horse gram, is among the food items that are to be avoided in certain Ayurvedic conditions, including Mandal Kustha, due to its potential to aggravate the underlying doshas.

34) Apathya:
Apathya signifies improper diet and activities that one should avoid during treatment. For Mandal Kustha, consuming Apathya foods like Dadhi (curd), and Viruddha Ahara (incompatible foods) can exacerbate symptoms.

35) Samana (Shamana):
Shamana is a therapeutic approach to pacify doshas. After Shodhana therapies in Mandal Kustha, Shamana treatments, including medications and dietary regulations, help balance remaining doshas and promote recovery.

36) Vikara:
Vikara means disease or disorder. In this context, Vikara relates to the pathological changes observed in Mandal Kustha, characterized by unique skin lesions and chronicity, necessitating targeted Ayurvedic treatment.

37) Patola:
Patola, or pointed gourd, is a recommended Shaka (vegetable) in the dietary management of Mandal Kustha due to its bitter taste and purifying properties, aiding in reducing dosha imbalances.

38) Shimbi (Simbi):
Shimbi refers to legumes. Certain Shimbi like Kulatha and Masha are advised against in Mandal Kustha management, as they can worsen the condition by aggravating dosha imbalances.

39) Pathya:
Pathya are recommended dietary and lifestyle practices. In Mandal Kustha management, Pathya includes consuming specific grains, vegetables, and practicing activities that aid in balancing doshas and promoting healing.

40) Vamana:
Vamana is therapeutic emesis, a type of Shodhana therapy used in Ayurveda. For Mandal Kustha, Vamana is particularly indicated when Kapha dosha is predominant, helping to expel the accumulated doshas from the body.

41) Lasika:
Lasika refers to lymph. In Mandal Kustha, impairment of Lasika is noted, which contributes to the pathological changes seen in the condition. Treatments aim to restore the proper function of Lasika.

42) Ajirna:
Ajirna means indigestion. Consuming food in a state of Ajirna can worsen Mandal Kustha by aggravating doshas, hence dietary guidelines and digestive aids are crucial in its management.

43) Vyadhin (Vyadhi):
Vyadhi means disease or ailment. Mandal Kustha is identified as a specific Vyadhi in Ayurveda with distinct symptoms and a chronic course, requiring both internal and external treatments.

44) Dadhi:
Dadhi, or curd, is considered Apathya (to be avoided) in Mandal Kustha as it can exacerbate symptoms by increasing Kapha and Pitta doshas, which contribute to the pathology of the skin disorder.

45) Ikshu (Iksu):
Ikshu refers to sugarcane. Products derived from Ikshu, such as Guda (jaggery), are generally advised against in Mandal Kustha due to their potential to aggravate doshas and worsen the condition.

46) Mudga:
Mudga, or green gram, is considered a Pathya (beneficial) food in the diet plan for Mandal Kustha. It helps balance the doshas and supports overall health due to its light and easy-to-digest properties.

47) Tikta:
Tikta indicates bitterness, a taste associated with reducing Pitta and Kapha doshas. Tikta Dravyas (bitter substances) like certain herbs and vegetables are recommended in managing Mandal Kustha to help purify and detoxify the body.

48) Masha (Masa, Ma-sha):
Masha, or black gram, should be avoided in Mandal Kustha management as it is considered Apathya due to its heavy and oily nature, which can aggravate Kapha and lead to worse skin conditions.

49) Guru:
Guru means heavy. Consuming Guru Ahara (heavy food) is discouraged in managing Mandal Kustha, as it can aggravate Kapha and lead to further complications in the skin condition.

50) Gati:
Gati indicates movement. In the context of Mandal Kustha, the slow progression (Gati) of the lesions and their eventual stability help in diagnosing and differentiating this condition from others.

51) Anna:
Anna simply means food. Proper Anna or diet, following Ayurvedic principles, is crucial in managing Mandal Kustha to help balance doshas and support the overall treatment plan.

52) Papa:
[see source text or glossary: Papa]

53) Food:
Food (Ahara) is central to Ayurvedic treatment of diseases like Mandal Kustha. Specific dietary recommendations are provided to manage dosha imbalances and alleviate symptoms effectively.

54) Sthanasamshraya (Sthanasamsraya, Sthana-samshraya):
Sthana-samsraya is the stage in disease development when doshas localize in specific tissues, like skin in Mandal Kustha. Recognizing this phase is crucial for early intervention and treatment.

55) Viruddhahara (Viruddha-ahara):
Viruddha-ahara means incompatible foods. Consuming such foods can worsen Mandal Kustha by causing doshic imbalances, thus avoiding them is essential as part of the treatment protocol.

56) Kashayadravya (Kasayadravya, Kashaya-dravya):
Kashaya-dravya are astringent substances which help in skin healing and managing discharges in Mandal Kustha. Their use is recommended to purify and strengthen body tissues.

57) Ikshuvikara (Iksuvikara, Ikshu-vikara):
Ikshu-vikara, or sugarcane products, are among the foods that should be avoided in Mandal Kustha as they tend to aggravate Kapha and worsen the condition.

58) Shashilekha (Sasilekha, Shashin-lekha):
Shashilekha refers to a specific Vati (tablet) used in Ayurvedic treatment. This preparation is included in the management of Mandal Kustha to balance doshas and alleviate symptoms.

59) Rasaushadhi (Rasa-aushadhi, Rasausadhi):
Rasaushadhi are medicinal preparations involving mercury and other minerals. In Mandal Kustha, Rasaushadhi like Gandhak Rasayan are used to detoxify and balance doshas effectively.

60) Dravadravya (Drava-dravya):
[see source text or glossary: Dravadravya]

61) Ikshuvarga (Iksuvarga, Ikshu-varga):
Ikshu-varga, involving sugarcane derivatives, are advised against in Mandal Kustha for their potential to increase Kapha and worsen symptoms. Avoiding these helps in managing the condition.

62) Adhyashana (Adhyasana):
Adhyashana, or overeating, can lead to imbalances in doshas, aggravating Mandal Kustha. Modifying eating habits to avoid such practices is critical in managing and treating the disease.

63) Bhallataka:
Bhallataka, a medicinal plant, is often used in formulations like medicated Ghrita for its therapeutic properties. In Mandal Kustha, it aids in detoxification and restoring doshic balance.

64) Jatharagni (Jathara-agni):
Jatharagni refers to the digestive fire, which must be balanced for overall health. In Mandal Kustha, strengthening Jatharagni is essential to ensure proper digestion and prevent dosha vitiation.

65) Triphaladi (Triphala-adi):
Triphaladi, relating to Triphala and other herbs, is used in various formulations to treat Mandal Kustha. These combinations help in detoxification, dosha balance, and promoting skin health.

66) Adhishthana (Adhisthana):
Adhisthana means the site of disease manifestation. For Mandal Kustha, the primary Adhisthana is the skin (Twak), where symptoms like circular patches appear, guiding treatment interventions.

67) Divasvapna (Diva-svapna):
Divasvapna, or daytime sleeping, is discouraged as it can aggravate Kapha dosha, potentially worsening conditions like Mandal Kustha. Regulating sleep patterns is part of the holistic treatment.

[Note: The above list is limited to 75. Total glossary definitions available: 166]