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Glossary definitions and references:

Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for 鈥淪tudies on some south indian market samples of ayurvedic drugs - v鈥�. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.

1) Drug:
The keyword Drug signifies the significance of herbal substances used in Ayurveda, the traditional Indian system of medicine. The text discusses various drugs' botanical identifications, synonyms, therapeutic properties, and their applications in treating ailments, emphasizing the importance of proper identification and sourcing for effective treatment.

2) Gajapippali (Gajapippal墨, Gaja-pippali):
Gajapippali refers to a drug traditionally considered to be associated with the fruits of Chavya. In the context of South Indian markets, it is identified as being sold under the name Attithippali. The botanical source identified is Balanophora fungosa, indicating the complexity and confusion within herbal drug identification.

3) Hrivera (Hr墨vera):
Hrivera is an Ayurvedic drug with accepted sources identified as roots from Coleus vettiveroides. However, market samples include unexpected species like Coleus zeylanicus and Pavonia odorata. The commercial confusion highlights the challenges faced in market validation and the significance of herbal verification in Ayurvedic practices.

4) Pippali (Pippal墨, P墨ppal墨, Pippalin):
Pippali is traditionally noted as a member of the Piperaceae family, often linked to Gajapippali. Its role in Ayurveda as a therapeutic agent underlines the necessity of accurate botanical identification and understanding its proper applications in various Ayurvedic formulations, reinforcing the need for clarity in medicinal sources.

5) Vaidya:
Vaidya refers to practitioners of Ayurveda, responsible for diagnosing and treating ailments using traditional methods. The mention of Vaidya emphasizes the human element in Ayurveda, illustrating the importance of expertise and knowledge in navigating herbal remedies, ensuring the incorporation of quality and authenticity in treatment practices.

6) Katu (Ka峁璾, K膩tu):
Kaadu refers to forest-related herbs or wild collection. Its mention suggests the importance of natural habitats in sourcing herbal drugs, emphasizing the relevance of environmental contexts in understanding the growth and quality of Ayurvedic medicinal plants, fostering valuable research and conservation efforts.

7) Katurasa (Ka峁璾rasa, Katu-rasa):
Katurasa refers to the attribute of bitterness in herbs. Its recognition is vital for anticipating therapeutic effects aligning with Ayurvedic principles, which dictate that taste characteristics influence a drug鈥檚 action within the body, helping practitioners select appropriate remedies for specific health conditions.

8) Himalaya (Him膩laya, Hima-alaya):
Himalaya references the geographic area known for its rich biodiversity and indigenous medicinal plants. The mention of Himalayan plants underscores the significance of location in identifying authentic herbs and their therapeutic properties, highlighting regional variations in the availability of Ayurvedic components essential for effective treatments.

9) Guggulu:
Guggulu refers to an Ayurvedic preparation utilizing resin from Commiphora mukul, acknowledged for its multiple health benefits. The term鈥檚 association in Ayurvedic formulations in the text illustrates the diverse applications of guggulu within traditional treatments, emphasizing its role in addressing various ailments in herbal medicine.

10) Pungent:
Pungent pertains to a strong, sharp flavor often associated with certain Ayurvedic herbs. This characteristic informs their therapeutic properties and applications in medicine, illustrating how the pungency of herbs directly influences their efficacy and suitability in treating specific health conditions.

11) Vipaka (Vip膩ka):
Vipaka signifies the post-digestive effect of an herb or drug, influencing its final actions in the body. It plays a critical role in Ayurvedic pharmacology, guiding practitioners in understanding how a drug transforms nutritionally within the body, thus helping optimize treatments based on patient needs.

12) Sharman (艢arma, Sarm膩, Sarma, Sharma, 艢arman):
Sharma refers to an author or researcher contributing to Ayurvedic knowledge. The mention indicates reliance on researched information to validate the therapeutic uses of herbs and their pharmacological attributes in Ayurveda, emphasizing the need for scholarly input in traditional medicine.

13) Laghu:
Laghu denotes the quality of being light or easy to digest in Ayurvedic terminology. This attribute relates to how certain drugs act in the body and their appropriateness in treatment plans, signifying the balance necessary for optimizing patient care in Ayurvedic therapy.

14) Gupta (Gupt膩):
Gupta refers to a source cited in the text for Ayurvedic classifications and traditional medicine practices. The inclusion of Gupta emphasizes the continuance of systematic scholarly contributions that support the historical and practical aspects of Ayurveda in the study of herbal remedies.

15) Aroma (A-roma):
Aroma pertains to the distinctive fragrance often associated with certain medicinal plants. The presence of aroma in Ayurvedic drugs serves as an essential criterion for identification and assessment, illustrating how sensory characteristics influence the therapeutic properties of herbal preparations.

16) Rasa (Ras膩, Rasha):
Rasa is a crucial Ayurvedic concept relating to taste. It signifies the fundamental quality linked with the effects of a substance on the body and mind, dictating its therapeutic applications and guiding practitioners in prescribing fitting herbs for treatment based on sensory experiences.

17) Shala (S膩l膩, S膩la, 艢ala, 艢膩l膩, 艢膩la, Sala):
Sala references the 鈥楬erbal Garden鈥� or physical space where medicinal plants and herbs are cultivated. Its mention emphasizes the importance of proper cultivation and sourcing of traditional herbs, underscoring the efforts to preserve and promote Ayurvedic medicine through accessible herbal resources.

18) Vata (V膩峁璦, Va峁璦, V膩ta, Va峁���):
Vata is one of the three primary doshas in Ayurveda, representing the elements of air and space. Its mention within the text indicates the significance of balancing bodily energies for maintaining health, as well as how herbs are utilized in accordance with vata imbalances during treatment.

19) Guna (Gu峁嘺, G奴na):
Guna in Ayurveda refers to the qualities or attributes of substances, crucial for determining their effects. This term鈥檚 presence highlights the nuanced understanding required for effective herbal medicine formulation, as different gunas guide practitioners in tailoring treatments based on individual constitution and health needs.

20) Hastipippali (Hastipippal墨, Hasti-pippali):
Hasti-pippali serves as a synonym for Gajapippali, pointing to the broader association of different names and preparations in Ayurvedic practice. This exemplifies the complexity of nomenclature in traditional medicine, demonstrating how clarity in identification affects the efficacy and application of medicinal herbs.

21) Tuberculosis:
Tuberculosis is a serious infectious disease acknowledged in Ayurveda for which specific herbs are utilized for treatment. Its mention underscores the ancient system鈥檚 relevance in managing modern health issues, reflecting Ayurveda's holistic approach addressing both symptoms and underlying conditions contributing to the illness.

22) Vatavyadhi (V膩tavy膩dhi, Vata-vyadhi):
Vata-vyadhi refers to diseases caused by disturbances in the vata dosha. This term encapsulates the Ayurvedic understanding of disorders related to imbalances of bodily energies, clarifying the considerations needed in formulating treatment plans, particularly using herbs specifically targeting vata-related ailments.

23) Gajopakulya (Gajopakuly膩):
Gajopakulya is a synonym linked to Gajapippali, further emphasizing the interconnectedness of different herbs in Ayurvedic practice. This term highlights the lexical diversity within traditional medicine, pointing to the importance of accurate nomenclature in promoting the correct use of herbal remedies.

24) Trikantaka (Trika峁囜弓aka, Tri-kantaka, Trikamtaka):
Trikantaka is associated with specific Ayurvedic formulations and indicates a particular herbal combination utilized in treatments. The name underscores the complexity of traditional medicine, illustrating how various formulations and herbs work synergistically in restoring health and how their identification is crucial to therapeutic application.

25) Vatarakta (V膩tarakta, Vata-rakta):
Vata-rakta refers to disorders linked to the vata dosha and the blood system. It highlights the Ayurvedic focus on understanding the interconnectedness of bodily systems and the importance of herbal interventions targeting both energy imbalances and circulatory health, crucial for effective treatment outcomes.

26) Kolavalli (Kolavall墨):
Kolavalli is a synonym for Chavya, signifying the importance of alternative names in identifying herbal drugs. This term emphasizes the challenges faced in authentic Ayurvedic practice, drawing attention to the need for precise understanding and classification of herbs in delivering effective treatment formulations.

27) Drakshadi (Dr膩k峁Ｄ乨i):
Drakshadi refers to a specific classical Ayurvedic formulation used for its health benefits. Mentioning this term highlights the herbal combinations utilized for therapeutic purposes, representing the rich heritage of Ayurvedic recipes that have stood the test of time in treating various ailments.

28) Yogaraja (Yogar膩ja, Yoga-raja):
Yogaraja refers to an influential Ayurvedic formulation incorporating multiple herbs renowned for therapeutic impacts. Its inclusion signifies the importance of compound preparations in Ayurveda, illustrating how traditional formulations blend various properties of herbs to enhance efficacy in addressing specific health complaints.

29) Sugandha (Sugandh膩, Su-gandha, Sugamdha):
Sugandha translates to 'fragrant,' referencing the aromatic qualities often associated with certain medicinal plants. Its presence underscores the significance of aroma in Ayurveda, where fulfilling sensory experiences contribute to the effectiveness and therapeutic application of herbal products, enriching overall patient treatment experiences.

30) Shadanga (峁�a岣峚峁単a, Shash-anga, Sadamga, Shadamga):
Shadanga signifies a classical Ayurvedic formulation utilizing several herbs. The term鈥檚 use highlights the significance of multidimensional approaches in addressing various health issues, illustrating the integration of several herbal properties in holistic practices aimed at achieving comprehensive health outcomes for patients.

31) Kunjara (Ku帽jara, Kumjara):
Kunjara is another name linked to Gajapippali. This demonstrates the significance of regional nomenclature and the synonymity present in Ayurvedic practices, indicating the potential confusion in identifying herbs and highlighting the need for clarity and precision when handling medicinal substances.

32) Madhura (Madhur膩, M膩dhura):
Madhura denotes sweetness in Ayurvedic terminology. The presence of madhura in drug formulations signifies its relevance in balancing the properties of herbs, providing insight into how taste characteristics contribute deeply to treatment strategies and overall health effectiveness of herbal applications.

33) Prameha:
Prameha is an Ayurvedic term referring to metabolic disorders, particularly diabetes mellitus. The acknowledgment of this term illustrates the system's extensive framework for understanding chronic health issues, providing insights into how specific herbs and formulations are utilized therapeutically to manage such conditions effectively.

34) Anushna (Anu峁ａ箛a, Anu峁ａ箛膩):
Anushna refers to a state of being manageable or tempered in Ayurvedic terminology. It indicates the importance of understanding the nuances of heat components in drug properties, guiding practitioners in selecting appropriate therapies tailored to individual patient conditions and promoting effective health management.

35) Vishama (Vi峁�ama, Visama):
Vishama translates to 'irregular' or 'uneven,' often used in association with fever types in Ayurveda. Its mention emphasizes Ayurveda鈥檚 holistic understanding of health conditions, guiding practitioners in identifying and managing various illnesses with precision and tailoring treatments based on manifestations of bodily irregularities.

36) Snigdha (Snigdh膩):
Snigdha denotes the property of being unctuous or oily in Ayurvedic terminology. This characteristic indicates how certain drugs can moisturize or have soothing effects on the body, informing practitioners when selecting herbs contributing to relieving dry or irritative conditions.

37) Shreyasi (艢reyas墨):
Sreyasi serves as a synonym in the Ayurvedic context, indicating diversity in naming conventions for the same or similar drugs. This highlights the relevance of recognizing multiple names to ensure accurate identification of medicinal herbs, ultimately affecting treatment efficacy and reliability.

38) Iruveli (Iruv膿li):
Iruveli refers to a specific herb often linked to Hrivera, indicating its cultural and medicinal significance in herbal traditions. Its importance underscores the regional variations in plant usage and the necessity of local names for better integration of herbs into Ayurvedic practices.

39) Science (Scientific):
Science in this context relates to systematic studies involving botanical, pharmacological, and therapeutic evaluations of Ayurvedic drugs. This denotes the intersection of traditional herbal knowledge with modern scientific methodologies, advocating for evidence-based practices to validate the efficacy and safety of herbal treatments.

40) Ruksha (R奴k峁�a):
Ruksha indicates the quality of being dry or non-oily in Ayurvedic terminology. The acknowledgment of this attribute serves to inform practitioners on selecting herbs based on their effects on body moisture levels, aiding in devising effective treatments for conditions related to dryness or dehydration.

41) Kamala (Kamal膩, K膩mal膩, K膩m膩la, Kama-la):
Kamala refers to jaundice in Ayurvedic terminology. Its mention underscores the importance of recognizing specific ailments within traditional practices, guiding practitioners on linking particular herbs to treat said conditions effectively, leveraging herbal constituents known for their therapeutic impacts on liver-related diseases.

42) Brihat (B峁沨at):
Brihat signifies a concept of largeness or extensive action in Ayurvedic descriptions of drugs. This attribute emphasizes the comprehensive nature of certain formulations, denoting their broad therapeutic impacts on health, thus guiding practitioners in selecting suitable interventions for complex health issues.

43) Kshaya (K峁�aya):
Kshaya denotes a condition of emaciation or tuberculosis within Ayurvedic context. Its acknowledgment illustrates the need for targeted herbal treatments associated with such debilitating diseases, guiding practitioners in addressing nutritional and health deficiencies prevalent in patients affected by Kshaya.

44) Balaka (B膩laka, Bal膩k膩, Bal膩ka, Bala-ka):
Balaka signifies lightness or the quality of being gentle in Ayurvedic descriptions. This attribute impacts how herbs are perceived and utilized therapeutically, guiding practitioners in formulating treatments that are suitable for patients based on their health conditions and constitution.

45) Vyadhin (Vy膩dh墨, Vy膩dhi, Vyadhi, Vy膩dhin):
Vyadhi translates to disease or disorder in the Ayurvedic context. Its occurrence highlights the focus of Ayurvedic medicine on diagnosing various health conditions and illustrating how specific drugs and formulations target these diseases to restore health and promote well-being.

46) Panca (Pancan, Pa帽ca, Pa帽can, Pamca, Pa帽c膩峁�):
Pancha translates to five and is often used to represent combinations of five substances or herbs in traditional formulations. This classification signifies the structural importance of numerically balanced compositions in Ayurvedic medicine aimed at achieving effective therapeutic outcomes.

47) Hastin (Hast墨, Hasti):
Hasti signifies elephant-related attributes. Its association in herbal names like Hasti-pippali highlights the cultural significance and characteristics linked to specific natural elements in Ayurveda, enriching the herbs' nomenclature and the traditional contexts within which these names function.

48) Rakta (Rakt膩):
Rakta denotes blood in Ayurvedic terminology. Its invocation signifies the connection between herbs and their roles in influencing blood health, guiding the understanding of treatments aimed at addressing various blood-related disorders and enriching the discourse surrounding associated herbal uses.

49) Ushira (Us墨ra, U艣墨ra, Usira, U峁Ｄ玶a):
Usira refers to medicinal plants known for their cooling properties, including aspects that help alleviate heat in the body. Addressing Usira in traditional medicine emphasizes the significance of recognizing different thermal properties of herbs, aiding in the selection based on patients' conditions.

50) Ushna (U峁ａ箛a, U峁ａ箛膩):
Ushna translates to warmth or heat in Ayurvedic terms. Understanding Ushna helps practitioners in selecting appropriate herbs reflecting their thermal nature, guiding suitable interventions for patient health conditions requiring specific heating or cooling effects to achieve balance.

51) Pandu (P膩峁囜笉u, Pa峁囜笉u, Pand奴, Pamdu, Pamde):
Pandu refers to conditions that can include anemia or jaundice in Ayurvedic context. Its mention indicates the significance of addressing nutrient deficiencies through specific herbs in treatments, reflecting the comprehensive framework of Ayurvedic pharmacology targeting various health conditions.

52) Kanta (K膩nta, Ka峁囜弓a, K膩nt膩, Kamta, K膩n峁���):
Kanta refers to a term in Ayurveda possibly associated with beauty or the appealing attributes of herbs. The inclusion of Kanta draws attention to the cultural aspects tied with herbal usage, highlighting how certain plant characteristics also acknowledge aesthetic values in and beyond therapeutic contexts.

53) Holla:
Holla refers to Dr. B. V. Holla, acknowledging contributions to the Ayurvedic research showcased in the text. The mention signifies the importance of collaborative efforts in the study and application of medicinal plants, amplifying the credibility of research in traditional herbal practices.

54) Ibha:
Ibha refers to an elephant, correlating with synonyms like Hasti-pippali. This connection emphasizes the cultural context in herbal naming amid how certain symbols and natural beings function alike within Ayurvedic traditions, influencing both the nomenclature and contextual uses of the respective plants.

55) Arshas (Ar艣a, Arsa, Arsha, 膧r峁�a, Ar艣as, 膧r艣a, Ar峁�a, Ars膩):
Arsa denotes conditions such as piles in Ayurvedic terminology, representing the spectrum of ailments addressed through herbal treatments. Its mention emphasizes the therapeutic roles of identified herbs within Ayurvedic regimens, offering insights into appropriate formulations to alleviate specified health issues.