Paumacariya (critical study)
by K. R. Chandra | 1970 | 238,015 words
This is an English study of the Paumacariya: the earliest Jain version of Rama's life story, written in Prakrit by Vimalasuri dating to the 4th century AD. In this text, Rama (referred to as Padma) is depicted with lotus-like eyes and a blooming face. The Paumacariya places emphasis on the human aspects of characters rooted in Jain values, contrast...
VII.4. Meeting with Sita and Mandodari’s Interference
[Full title: Section VII: The mission of Hanumat; (D) Meeting with Sita and Mandodari’s Interference]
According to the Paumacariya, Hanumat straightway goes to the house of Vibhisana and requests him to persuade Ravana to send back Sita. Vibhisana is very sorry because his previous efforts met with derision. and reproach (52. 8). He advises Hanumat to make his personal efforts in admonishing Ravana. Hanumat goes to the Padma-udyana and drops the finger-ring in Sita's lap. Sita regains her spirits, becomes cheerful and hands over her upper-garment to Hanumat as a mark of refuge (53. 12). Learning about the gladness of Sita, Mandodari arrives there and gets surprised to see Hanumat there. Hanumat then introduces himself to Sita and narrates the events which happened to Rama (53. 40). Mandodari flatters Hanumat, but the latter reproaches the former. Mandodari then condemns Rama. Sita rebukes Mandodari. At this Mandodari along with other women makes an attempt to beat Sita. Hanumat intervenes at this stage. Mandodari gets discomfited and reports the matter to her husband (53. 55). In the Valmiki Ramayana there is no reference to the meeting of Hanumat with Vibhisana. On the other hand Hanumat makes a very long and thorough search for Sita (5. 4-13) and observes her surrounded by many Raksasis, seated under a 'caitya prasada' in the the Asokavatika
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE RAMA-STORY 83 (5.15). Hiding himself in the 'Simsapa tree' Hanumat takes notice of the harassment of Sita1. Here Sita is said to have tried to commit suicide which was ultimately given up by her on observing auspicious omens (5.28-29). Then Hanumat meets Sita, hands over the fingerring and both of them have a free talk about the conditions and the events which took place on either side (5.30:37). The episode of Mandodari's attempt to beat Sita is not referred to in the Valmiki Ramayana At 5.58.75-80 Hanumat informs Rama that he saw Ravana beating Sita with his fist and the intervention of Mandodari to save Sita. While at 5.22.39 it is said that Ravana in his fury roaringly approached Sita to frighten her but Dhanyamalini immediately took him away from there (5.22,39). The Ramcharitmanas mentions that Hanumat while searching for Sita hears Vibhisana chanting the name of Rama (5.66). He assumes the form of a Vipra, goes to Vibhisana and acquaints him with the situation. Vibhisana points out the place of Sita's confinement (5.8). Then it (5.9-12) agrees with the Valmiki Ramayana When Sita thinks of commiting suicide by burning herself into the fire (5.12) Hanumat drops the finger-ring before her. Then follows their meeting. Though the Ananda Ramayana (1.8.29), the Gujarati Ramayanasara, Bhavartha Ramayana (5,1) and the West. Acct. No. 13 do not mention any meeting between Hanumat and Vibhisana as found in the Paumacariya, but they tell us that Hanumat saw Vibhisana devotedly eulogising Rama (Rama-katha; by Dr. C. Bulke (First Edition)., p. 371). The Ramopakhyana (Mahabharata, 3. 280, 281) does not mention the manifestation of his huge form by Hanumat when he crosses the sea or Further it the changing of his form while entering the city of Lanka, is to be noted that the tortures afflicted on Sita by Ravana and the Raksasis, as described in the Valmiki Ramayana, are not mentioned to have been observed by Hanumat. It agrees with the Paumacariya as regards the order of these incidents which are referred to have taken place before the arrival of Hanumat. Hanumat's journey to Lanka is not narrated directly. It is Hanumat who reports to Rama the account of his journey to Lanka after having returned to Kiskindhipura (3.282).