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Yasastilaka and Indian culture (Study)

by Krishna Kanta Jandiqui | 1949 | 235,244 words

This essay in English studies the Yasastilaka and Indian culture. Somadeva's Yasashtilaka, composed in 959 A.D., is a significant Jain romance in Sanskrit, serving as a cultural history resource for tenth-century Deccan (part of Southern India). This critical study incorporates manuscripts to address deficiencies in the original text and commentary...

Chapter 3.3 - Popularity of the story of Yashodhara

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The popularity of the story of Yasodhara with Jaina writers seems to date from the tenth century. Puspadanta who told the story in Apabhramsa verse in his Jasaharacariu in four Cantos was a contemporary of Somadeva, the author of Yasastilaka. The story was next narrated in 7 1 rakta devaratim sarityavanipam rakta'ksipat panguke, kantam gopavati dravantamavadhicchittva sapatnisirah | sulasthena malimlucena dalitam svostham kilakhyat paticchinnam viravatiti cintyamabalavrttam suvrttaih sada || IV. 77. See also Bhagavati Aradhana, 949-51, and Brhatkathakosa, story Nos. 85-87. 2 'imina eva ca bhagavata rajna sata agramahisyah mahaparadhaparaddhaya vavasthanapraptayah yacintya abhayam dattam � Mahavastu, Vol. I, p. 132.

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Sanskrit verse by Vadiraja who wrote a Yasodharacarita in four Cantos. Vadiraja is said to have been a pupil of Somadeva' and wrote his Parsvanathacarita, a Sanskrit Kavya, in twelve Cantos, according to his own statement, in Saka 947 or 1025 A. D. After Vadiraja may be mentioned Vasavasena, who wrote a Yasodharacarita in Sanskrit in eight Cantos, and Vatsaraja who also composed a poem on the subject. Vasavasena and Vatsaraja are earlier than the fourteenth century, as the poet Gandharva who made certain additions to the Jasaharacariu of Puspadanta in 1308 A. D. refers to both of them as his sources for certain episodes in the story of Yasodhara. Vasavasena, too, mentions in his work two earlier poets who handled the story of Yasodhara, viz., Prabhanjana and Harisena3. Prabhanjana, as we have seen, is earlier than the eighth century, and of the earliest writers who narrated the tale of Yasodhara. We know nothing about Harisena's work, but he may perhaps be identified with Harisena who wrote his Kathakosa in Sanskrit verse in 931 A. D. at Wadhwan in Kathiawar. There is however more than one Harisena, and the identification must await further evidence. The widespread popularity of the tragic story of Yasodhara is shown by the fact that numerous other poems dealing with the subject were composed in the succeeding centuries not only in Sanskrit but in Old Gujarati, Old Hindi, Tamil and Kannada; while a prose version of the story in Sanskrit was produced by Ksamakalyana as late as the 18 th century. A comprehensive list of these works has been compiled by Dr. Vaidya in the Introduction to his edition of Puspadanta's Jasaharacariu.

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