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Essay name: Svacchandatantra (history and structure)

Author: William James Arraj

The essay represents a study and partial English translation of the Svacchandatantra and its commentary, “Uddyota�, by Kshemaraja. The text, attributed to the deity Svacchanda-bhairava, has various names and demonstrates a complex history of transmission through diverse manuscript traditions in North India, Nepal, and beyond.

Page 244 of: Svacchandatantra (history and structure)

Page:

244 (of 511)


External source: Shodhganga (Repository of Indian theses)


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Warning! Page nr. 244 has not been proofread.

238
a form of sectarian propaganda, as it were, the attractions of life
in his paradise, accessible to his faithful devotees. Here in the later
Saiva system, this form of Rudra� represents only a lower aspect
of the supreme lord, and the ideal of pleasure itself has given way
to that of liberation. 1 Redactors have therefore, at the end of this
section, added verses, qualifying this paradise as a reward attained
by linga worshippers, who must still, however, be graced or
initiated by Śrikaṇṭha� in order to attain liberation in the supreme
Śiva�. 2 Throughout this section, in as much as sharing this view,
Ká¹£emarÄjaá¸� largely restricts his commentary to the glossing of
details.
Above the world of Rudra�, comes (pp. 253-256) the realm
of Daṇá¸apÄniá¸�. Named for his function, he holds, as the text
explains, a stick (dandaá¸�) in his hand (pÄṇiá¸�) with which he
cracks open the shell of BrahmÄ to open the road to liberation for
those who have worshipped BrahmÄ correctly. Presenting the
interior significance of this figure, Ká¹£emarÄjaá¸� interprets the stick
as the breath rendered subtle in meditation that removes the
ignorance covering the awareness centered in the heart.
Furthermore, he rejects the esoteric interpretation which equates
the top of the egg of Brahma with the aperture of BrahmÄ,
although the accepted parallelism of micro- and macrocosm would
seemingly support it. Since the egg of BrahmÄ represents only the
plane (tattvam) of the element earth, he argues, this
interpretation would place the other planes of water, and so forth
1 As an example of this change in the highest form of Śiva�,
Ká¹£emarÄjaá¸�, for example, (p.248) rationalizes, through the notion of
aspectual manifestion, that the text here describes this lower rudra�
as having the same kind of lion throne as Bhairava� in bk.2 (pp. 38-
39):
pÅ«rvoktabhairavÄsanavacchivaÅ›aktiparamÄrthÄ eva
²õ¾±³¾³óÄåá¸�.
�
2 V. p. 252, vss.608b-609: "diká¹£ÄjñÄnavihinÄ ye
lingÄrÄdhanatatparÄá¸� // te prayanti harasthÄnam

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