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The 碍补谤耻峁嘺 rasa or pathetic sentiment arises from the permanent mood of 艣辞办补 or sorrow. It grows from 惫颈产丑腻惫补蝉 or determinants such as affliction under a curse, separation from dear ones, loss of wealth, death, captivity, flight accidents or any other misfortune. This rasa is represented by means of 补苍耻产丑腻惫补蝉 or consequents such as shedding tears, lamentation, dryness of the mouth, change of colour, droopping limbs, being out of breath, loss of memory and the like. 痴测补产丑颈肠腻谤颈产丑腻惫补蝉 connected with this rasa are indifference, languor, anxiety, yearning, excitement, sadness, illness, weeping etc^[1].

叠丑补惫补产丑奴迟颈 is well-versed in delineation of the sentiment of pathos. Though in the 惭腻濒补迟墨尘腻诲丑补惫补 叠丑补惫补产丑奴迟颈 has delineated the sentiment of pathos as subordinate sentiment, yet the sentiment of pathos pervades more or less in all the acts. In the 2^nd act of the 惭腻濒补迟墨尘腻诲丑补惫补 the sentiment of pathos reveals in the speech of 惭腻濒补迟墨 when she is betrothed to Nandana by her father where she loves 惭腻诲丑补惫补.^[2] 惭腻濒补迟墨 has evinced deep sorrow at her father鈥檚 decision.^[3] 惭腻濒补迟墨 expresses her anxiety by saying that her father has offered her as a gift to the king and her father sets a high value on the king鈥檚 pleasure and not on 惭腻濒补迟墨.^[4] Here, 惭腻濒补迟墨 is 腻濒补尘产补苍补惫颈产丑腻惫补, its 耻诲诲墨辫补苍补惫颈产丑腻惫补 is separation of 惭腻濒补迟墨 from 惭腻诲丑补惫补, 补苍耻产丑腻惫补 is the lamentation of 惭腻濒补迟墨 and its 惫测补产丑颈肠腻谤颈产丑腻惫补 is the feeling of unhappiness.In the 4^th act also, 惭腻濒补迟墨 soliloquises that the fruit of her desire for life has now ripened, the purpose of her existence has ended,the cruelty of her father too has been fully proved by his merciless conduct and a result of the cruel beginning of fate has been ensured. She finds nobody to blame and considers herself as luckless^[5]

Moreover, in the 5^th act a real picture of sorrow through the speech of 惭腻濒补迟墨 is found when 碍补辫腻濒补办耻峁囜笉补濒腻 and 础驳丑辞谤补驳丑补峁囜弓补 have prepared 惭腻濒补迟墨 as a victim.^[6] Delineation of 碍补谤耻峁嘺 rasa also reveals in the verse 产丑腻谤补岣� 办腻测辞 箩墨惫颈迟补峁� 惫补箩谤补办墨濒补尘鈥︹赌︹赌︹赌︹赌︹赌� ^[7] etc. where the deep lamentation of Makaranda for 惭腻诲丑补惫补 is found where he decides to put an end of his life by throwing himself in to the P膩t膩lavati river. Here, Madhava is 腻濒补尘产补苍补惫颈产丑腻惫补, love longing of 惭腻诲丑补惫补 is 耻诲诲墨辫补苍补惫颈产丑腻惫补, lamentation of Makaranda is the 补苍耻产丑腻惫补 and misery of Makaranda is the 惫测补产丑颈肠腻谤颈产丑腻惫补.

In the 10^th act it has been seen that 碍腻尘补苍诲补办墨 , Lava峁単ik膩 as well as Madayantik膩 each one expresses deep grief at the absence of 惭腻濒补迟墨. In the meantime, they resolve to put an end to their lives by throwing themselves from the top of a hill begirt to the Madhumati river. Moreover, 叠丑奴谤颈惫补蝉耻 unable to bear 惭腻濒补迟墨鈥檚 separation approaches the mountain Suvar峁嘺vindu with intention to cast himself into fire. These descriptions prove the delineation of 碍补谤耻峁嘺 rasa in the 惭腻濒补迟墨尘腻诲丑补惫补. In this way, in the 惭腻濒补迟墨尘腻诲丑补惫补 叠丑补惫补产丑奴迟颈 has delineated a picture of pathos which is very much touching.

Footnotes and references:

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[1]:

atha 办补谤耻峁噊 苍腻尘补 艣辞办补st丑腻yib丑腻vaprabhava岣� / sa ca 艣膩pakle艣a vinipatite峁ａ弓a janaviprayoga vibhavan膩艣avadhabandha vidravopad丑腻ta vyasanasamyog膩dibhir vib丑腻vai岣�samupaj膩yate/ tasy膩艣rup膩taparidevana mukha艣o峁�a峁嘺 vaivar峁噛astrasta g膩trat膩 ni艣v膩sasm峁泃ilop膩dibhir补苍耻产丑腻惫补i rabhinaya岣� prayoktavya岣� / vyabhic膩ri峁嘺艣c膩sya nirvedaglanicintotsuky 膩vegabhramoha艣ramabhayavi峁Ｄ乨a dainyavy膩dhijaratonm膩dapasm膩ratr膩s膩lasyamara峁嘺stambhavepathuvai var峁噛膩艣rusvarabhed膩daya岣� //
   鈥�狈腻峁瓂补艣腻蝉迟谤补,VI.p.317

[2]:

丑腻 hat膩smi samupasthit膩narthavajrapatan膩 mandab丑腻gin墨 / 惭腻濒补迟墨尘腻诲丑补惫补, II.p.56

[3]:

丑腻 迟腻迟补 tvamapi mama n膩mevamiti 蝉补谤惫补迟丑腻 箩颈迟补峁� 产丑辞驳补迟峁涐梗峁嘺测腻 / Ibid.

[4]:

kathamupa丑腻rik峁泃膩smi r膩j帽ast膩tena / r膩jar膩dhana峁� khalu 迟腻迟补sya guruka峁� na punarm膩lat墨. 丑腻 迟腻迟补 tvamapi nama m膩mevamiti 蝉补谤惫补迟丑腻 箩颈迟补峁� 产丑辞驳补迟峁涐梗峁嘺测腻/ Ibid.,II. p.61

[5]:

pari峁嘺tamid膩n墨峁� me j墨vitat峁涐梗峁嚹亂膩岣� phalam. 苍颈谤惫测奴丑补峁� ca ni峁�karu峁嘺tay膩 迟腻迟补 sy膩pi k膩p膩likatvam.parini峁ａ弓hito du峁ａ弓adaivasya d膩ru峁嘺sam膩rambhasad峁浥沘h 辫补谤颈峁嚹乵补岣� tatkamiho 艣补谤补峁嘺峁� pratipadye /
Ibid.,IV.p.91

[6]:

丑腻 迟腻迟补 ni峁�kar奴峁嘺 e峁�a id膩n墨峁� te narendracitt膩r膩 dhanopakara峁嘺峁� jano vipadyate/
丑腻 amba snehamayah峁沝aye hat膩si daivadurvilasitena 丑腻 m膩lat墨maya jivite mama kaly膩峁嘺s膩dhanaikamuktasakalavy膩p膩re bhagavati cirasya j帽膩pit膩si du岣�kham snehena丑腻 priyasakhi lava峁単ike svapn膩vasaram膩tradar艣an膩ha峁� te samv峁泃t膩/
Ibid.,VI. p. 109

[7]:

产丑腻谤补岣� 办腻测辞 箩墨惫颈迟补峁� vajrak墨lam /
办腻峁ａ弓丑补岣� 艣奴苍测腻 ni峁�phal膩n墨ndriy膩峁噄 //
办补峁ａ弓补岣� k膩lo m膩峁� prati tvatpray膩峁噀 /
艣膩nt膩loka岣� sarvato 箩墨惫补濒辞办补岣� // Ibid.,IX.37