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(艢鲍碍搁膧颁膧搁驰础) I. Preceptor of the Asuras.

Birth.

Views differ as to whether 艢耻办谤补 was the son or grandson of 叠丑峁沢耻. The 笔耻谤腻峁嘺蝉 state that 笔耻濒辞尘腻 was the wife of 叠丑峁沢耻. 艢耻办谤补 has another name, 碍腻惫测补. 碍腻惫测补 means the son of Kavi. Some authorities say that Kavi was 叠丑峁沢耻鈥檚 son, while others think that Kavi was 叠丑峁沢耻 himself. 艢耻办谤补鈥檚 mother is referred to as "碍腻惫测补m膩t膩" in many places. 艢耻办谤补 is referred to as the strongest of the seven sons born to 叠丑峁沢耻 and 笔耻濒辞尘腻. In the light of these references it is reasonable to consider 艢耻办谤补 as the son of the sage 叠丑峁沢耻. "Kavi" must be supposed to be another name of 叠丑峁沢耻. 鲍艣补苍补蝉 was another name for 艢耻办谤补.

Love story.

Once the sage 叠丑峁沢耻 lived in the valley of Mandara mountain, performing austere tapas. 艢耻办谤补 who was then a boy, used to attend on his father. One day when 叠丑峁沢耻 was absorbed in "Nirvikalpa蝉补尘腻诲丑颈" (deep meditation) the lonely 艢耻办谤补 was appreciating the beauty of the sky above him. There was no one else by his side. At that time he happened to see an exceptionally beautiful 础辫蝉补谤腻 woman passing across the sky. His heart was filled with delight at the sight. All his thoughts were centred on her and he sat absorbed in her bewitching charm. In his imagination he followed Indra and reached Indraloka. Indra greeted him with honour. After that 艢耻办谤补, attended by the heavenly beings went about sight-seeing in Heaven. There he unexpectedly came across the 础辫蝉补谤腻 beauty whom he had seen earlier, in the midst of several other women. They fell in love at first sight. To fulfil his desire 艢耻办谤补 enveloped the whole place in darkness. The other women left the place. The apsar膩 beauty approached 艢耻办谤补 and both of them entered a hut formed by the thick foliage of creeping plants and indulged in sensual pleasures. Since 艢耻办谤补 spent a period of eight Caturyugas like this in her company, he became weak in his virtue and descended to the earth. Then he became conscious of his physical being. His depraved soul was stopped at the moon. It reached the earth through mist and grew up as paddy plants. A 叠谤腻丑尘补峁嘺 who was a native of 顿补艣腻谤峁嘺 land ate the rice which was cooked from the ears of those paddy plants. 艢耻办谤补鈥檚 soul in the shape of 艢耻办谤补 entered the womb of the Br膩hmana鈥檚 wife and in due course took his birth. Because of his close association with Munis, that boy grew up like a sage and spent a period of one Manvantara, leading an austere life in the valley of the Meru mountain. At that time his 础辫蝉补谤腻 woman had been born as a female deer, as the result of a curse. By their connection in the previous birth, the 叠谤腻丑尘补峁嘺 fell in love with that female deer and begot a human child by his union with her. With that the austerities of his life were at an end. All his thoughts were now directed towards the future glory of his son and he ignored even his spiritual duties. Not long after, he died of snake bite. Later, he was born as the son of the king of Madra and ruled the country for many years. After that he took birth in many other wombs and at last was born as the son of a 惭补丑补谤峁�i living on the bank of the river 骋补峁単腻. 艢耻办谤补鈥檚 body which was by the side of 叠丑峁沢耻 dropped to the earth after being exposed to the wind and sun for a long time. But owing to 叠丑峁沢耻鈥檚 power of tapas and the holiness of the 腻艣谤补尘补, birds and animals did not eat the body. After 1,000 divyavatsaras, sage 叠丑峁沢耻 opened his eyes from his 蝉补尘腻诲丑颈 but he did not find his son near him. A famished and worn out body was lying before him. Within the wrinkles of the skin, small birds were nesting and frogs took refuge in the hollow of the stomach. Enraged at the premature death of his son, he was about to curse Yama, the god of Death. Coming to know of this 顿丑补谤尘补谤腻箩补 (Yama) appeared before him and said:鈥�"We honour and adore you as a great 迟补辫补蝉惫墨. You should not ruin your tapas. I have devoured numerous 叠谤补丑尘腻峁囜笉补蝉. I have already swallowed Rudras and 痴颈峁ａ箛耻devas many times. All of you are my food. It is ordained by Fate. Even 叠谤补丑尘腻 is not indestructible at the end of a Kalpa. Knowing all these facts, why do you think of cursing me? Your son fell into this state because of his own act. While you were in a state of Sam膩dhi your son鈥檚 mind left its body and went up to Heaven. There he spent many years indulging in sensual pleasures in the company of the celestial beauty 痴颈艣惫腻肠墨. Then he was born as a 叠谤腻丑尘补峁嘺 in 顿补艣腻谤峁嘺 country. In his next birth he became the King of Kosala. After that passing through many births in succession he is now performing tapas on the bank of the river 厂补尘补峁単腻 as the son of a 叠谤腻丑尘补峁嘺, under the name, 痴腻蝉耻诲别惫补. Open your inner eye and see for yourself."

After saying this 顿丑补谤尘补谤腻箩补 revived the body of 艢耻办谤补 who rose up and did obeisance to his father. (J帽膩nav膩si峁ａ弓ha, Sthitiprakara峁嘺m).

Domestic Life.

It is seen that 艢耻办谤补 had several wives and children. In 顿别惫墨 叠丑腻驳补惫补迟补 there is a story of 闯补测补苍迟墨, daughter of Indra who was 艢耻办谤补鈥檚 wife for about ten years. (See under 闯补测补苍迟墨 II). Priyavrata, the brother of 鲍迟迟腻苍补辫腻诲补 had a daughter named 弄rjjasvat墨 by his wife 厂耻谤奴辫腻. In 顿别惫墨 叠丑腻驳补惫补迟补, 8th Skandha it is stated that 艢ukr腻肠腻谤测补 married 弄rjjasvat墨 and he had a daughter 顿别惫补测腻苍墨 by her. 惭补丑腻产丑腻谤补迟补, 膧di Parva, Chapter 65 mentions that 艢耻办谤补 was the 腻肠腻谤测补 (preceptor) of the Asuras and his four sons were the priests of the Asuras. 艢耻办谤补 had a daughter named "Ar膩". (See under Ar膩). Besides, 艢耻办谤补 had another wife named 艢ataparv膩.

But no child was born to 艢ataparv膩.

顿别惫墨, wife of 痴补谤耻峁嘺鈥檚 elder brother, was a daughter of 艢耻办谤补. 弄rjjasvat墨 was the most famous among 艢耻办谤补鈥檚 wives.

Revived his mother.

See under 碍腻惫测补m膩t膩.

Jamadagni was restored to life.

See the 8th para under Jamadagni.

艢耻办谤补 cursed Da峁囜笉a.

See under Ar膩.

Cursed Yay膩ti.

See the 4th Para under 顿别惫补测腻苍墨.

How 艢耻办谤补 lost his eye.

艢ukr腻肠腻谤测补 lost one of his eyes during the time of 惭补丑腻产补濒颈, the Asura King. 惭补丑腻惫颈峁ａ箛耻 incarnated as 痴腻尘补苍补 and begged three feet of earth from 惭补丑腻产补濒颈. Since 艢耻办谤补 tried to obstruct it, 痴颈峁ａ箛耻 put out one of 艢耻办谤补鈥檚 eyes with the point of a a darbha grass. (For more details see 3rd Para under 惭补丑腻产补濒颈).

艢颈惫补 swallowed 艢耻办谤补.

Once 艢耻办谤补 invaded Kubera and plundered all his wealth. The distressed Kubera informed 艢颈惫补 about it. 艢颈惫补 at once started up with his weapon, shouting "Where is he?" 艢耻办谤补 appeared on the top of 艢颈惫补鈥檚 trident. 艢颈惫补 caught hold of him and swallowed him. 艢耻办谤补 who moved about in 艢颈惫补鈥檚 stomach found the excessive heat there, unbearable and soon became exhausted. In his helpless state he began to worship 艢颈惫补 for his mercy. At last 艢颈惫补 permitted him to escape through his penis and 艢耻办谤补 thus came out. (惭补丑腻产丑腻谤补迟补 艢腻苍迟颈 Parva, Chapter 290).

Other details.

(1) Once 艢ukr腻肠腻谤测补 had adorned the office of Education Minister of 惭补丑颈峁Ｄ乻耻谤补. At that time Cik峁�ura was the War Minister, 罢腻尘谤补 was Financer Minister, Asiloma was the Prime Minister, 痴颈岣嵞乴补 was the Foreign Minister, Udarka was the Military Commander and 艢耻办谤补 was the Education Minister. (顿别惫墨 叠丑腻驳补惫补迟补, 5th Skandha).

(ii) Agni Pur膩峁嘺, Chapter 51 states that 艢耻办谤补 should be installed in temples with his 碍补尘补峁囜笉补濒耻 (a vessel for carrying water) and wearing his garland.

(iii) At the time of the war between Devas and Asuras. 艢耻办谤补 taught 厂耻谤补蝉腻 a mantra to destroy everything. (Skanda Pur膩峁嘺, Asura 碍腻峁囜笉补).

(iv) 艢耻办谤补 was 笔谤补丑濒腻诲补鈥檚 Guru (preceptor). (Kamba 搁腻尘腻测补峁嘺, Yuddha 办腻峁囜笉补).

(v) 艢耻办谤补 worshipped 艢颈惫补 and received from him "惭峁泃补蝉补帽箩墨惫补苍墨 Mantra" (Mantra having power to revive the dead). (痴腻尘补苍补 Pur膩峁嘺, Chapter 62).

(vi) 艢耻办谤补 had prohibited drinking. (惭补丑腻产丑腻谤补迟补 膧di Parva, Chapter 76, Verse 57).

(vii) He had shone in Indra鈥檚 assembly. (惭补丑腻产丑腻谤补迟补 Chapter 7, Verse 22, 厂补产丑腻 Parva).

(viii) 艢耻办谤补 exists in 叠谤补丑尘腻鈥檚 assembly in the form of a planet. (惭补丑腻产丑腻谤补迟补 厂补产丑腻 Parva, Chapter 11, Verse 29).

(ix) 艢耻办谤补 resides with other Asuras on the top of the Meru mountain. All precious stones are in the possession of 艢耻办谤补. Even Kubera (the god of wealth) lives by borrowing one-fourth of 艢耻办谤补鈥檚 wealth. (惭补丑腻产丑腻谤补迟补 叠丑墨峁�m补 Parva, Chapter 6, Verse 22).

(x) 艢耻办谤补 was among those who visited 叠丑墨峁�m补 as he lay on the bed of arrows. (惭补丑腻产丑腻谤补迟补 艢腻苍迟颈 Parva, Chapter 47, Verse 8).

(xi) Once 艢ukr腻肠腻谤测补 was the priest of Emperor 笔峁泃丑耻. (惭补丑腻产丑腻谤补迟补 艢腻苍迟颈 Parva, Chapter 59, Verse 110).

(xii) On another occasion 艢耻办谤补 sent Indra to 笔谤补丑濒腻诲补 to obtain prosperity. (惭补丑腻产丑腻谤补迟补 艢腻苍迟颈 Parva, Chapter 124, Verse 27).

(xiii) By his power of Yoga 艢耻办谤补 once grabbed all the wealth of Kubera. (惭补丑腻产丑腻谤补迟补 艢腻苍迟颈 Parva, Chapter 289, Verse 9).

(xiv) He got the name "艢耻办谤补" because he came out through "艢颈惫补li峁単a" (艢颈惫补鈥檚 penis) and thereby became a son of 笔腻谤惫补迟墨. (惭补丑腻产丑腻谤补迟补 艢腻苍迟颈 Parva, Chapter 289, Verse 32).

(xv) 艢耻办谤补 learnt 艢颈惫补鈥檚 Sahasran膩ma (Thousand names) from the sage 罢补峁囜笉颈 and taught it to Gautama. (惭补丑腻产丑腻谤补迟补 础苍耻艣腻蝉补苍补 Parva, Chapter 17, Verse 177).

(xvi) 惭补丑腻产丑腻谤补迟补, 础苍耻艣腻蝉补苍补 Parva, Chapter 85, Verse 129, mentions that 叠丑峁沢耻 had seven sons-Cyavana, Vajra艣墨r峁�a, 艢耻肠颈, Aurva, 艢耻办谤补, Savana and Vibhu.

(xvii) Once in answer to a question of 惭补丑腻产补濒颈, 艢耻办谤补 referred to the importance of Pu峁�pad膩na (gift of flowers). (惭补丑腻产丑腻谤补迟补 础苍耻艣腻蝉补苍补 Parva, Chapter 98).

(xviii) In his old age 艢耻办谤补 observed 痴腻苍补辫谤补蝉迟丑补 and attained Heaven. (惭补丑腻产丑腻谤补迟补 艢腻苍迟颈 Parva, Chapter 244, Verse 17).

(xix) In 惭补丑腻产丑腻谤补迟补, several other names like 叠丑腻谤驳补惫补, 叠丑腻谤驳补惫补d膩y膩da, 叠丑峁沢耻艣re峁ａ弓ha, Bh峁沢奴dvaha, 叠丑峁沢耻kulodvaha, Kaviputra, 碍腻惫测补 and 鲍艣补苍补蝉 are given for 艢耻办谤补.