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Vakyapadiya of Bhartrihari

by K. A. Subramania Iyer | 1965 | 391,768 words

The English translation of the Vakyapadiya by Bhartrihari including commentary extracts and notes. The Vakyapadiya is an ancient Sanskrit text dealing with the philosophy of language. Bhartrhari authored this book in three parts and propounds his theory of Sphotavada (sphota-vada) which understands language as consisting of bursts of sounds conveyi...

This book contains Sanskrit text which you should never take for granted as transcription mistakes are always possible. Always confer with the final source and/or manuscript.

Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration and English translation of verse 3.9.48:

तसà¥à¤¯à¤¾à¤­à¤¿à¤¨à¥à¤¨à¤¸à¥à¤� कालसà¥à¤¯ वà¥à¤¯à¤µà¤¹à¤¾à¤°à¥‡ कà¥à¤°à¤¿à¤¯à¤¾à¤•ृताà¤� à¥�
भेदा इव तà¥à¤°à¤¯à¤� सिदà¥à¤§à¤¾ यांलà¥à¤²à¥‹à¤•à¥� नातिवरà¥à¤¤à¤¤à¥‡ à¥� ४८ à¥�

tasyÄbhinnasya kÄlasya vyavahÄre kriyÄká¹›tÄá¸� |
bhedÄ iva trayaá¸� siddhÄ yÄṃlloko nÄtivartate || 48 ||

48. Of this Time which is One, three divisions as it were, are brought about in actual practice by actions, three divisions which the world cannot ignore.

Commentary

[Just as the Universe is without sequence but appears to have it, in the same way, Time is One but appears to have three divisions, namely, past, present and future.]

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