Parimana, ʲīṇa, ʲṇa: 28 definitions
Introduction:
Parimana means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Buddhism, Pali, Marathi, Jainism, Prakrit, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
In Hinduism
Shilpashastra (iconography)
: Google Books: The Theory of Citrasutras in Indian Paintingʲṇa (one of the six types of measurement (Բ)) is for instance the girth of the arm or of the thigh.
: Shodhganga: The significance of the mūla-beras (ś貹)PariԲ (परिमान) refers to the “circumference of the icon� and represents a type of measurement, as defined in the texts dealing with ś貹 (arts and crafs), known as ś貹śāstras.—The measurements described in Sanskrit authorities are altogether of six kinds: Բ (the proper height of the icon), praԲ (the breadth), unԲ (thickness), 貹ṇa (the circumference), upaԲ (the space between the limbs) and lambaԲ (surface of the image).

Shilpashastra (शिल्पशास्त्र, ś貹śāstra) represents the ancient Indian science (shastra) of creative arts (shilpa) such as sculpture, iconography and painting. Closely related to Vastushastra (architecture), they often share the same literature.
Vastushastra (architecture)
Source: Wisdom Library: Vāstu-śāstraʲṇa (परिमाण):—One of the “six iconographic measurements�, according to the Mānasāra (sanskrit literary treatise on ٳ-śٰ, or, ‘architectural science�). The measurement unit is used in the process of procuring/securing the height of the principal image and secondary images. Breadth, circumference, and other dimensions are derived from the height using rules of proportion.

Vastushastra (वास्तुशास्त्�, vāstuśāstra) refers to the ancient Indian science (shastra) of architecture (vastu), dealing with topics such architecture, sculpture, town-building, fort building and various other constructions. Vastu also deals with the philosophy of the architectural relation with the cosmic universe.
Ayurveda (science of life)
Source: Wisdom Library: Āyurveda and botanyʲṇa (परिमाण, “measurement� or “dimension�).—One of the ten Parādiṇa, or, �10 pharmaceutical properties�.—It is a Sanskrit technical term from Āyurveda (Indian medicine) and used in literature such the 䲹첹-ṃh and the śܳٲ-ṃh. According to Caraka, these ten properties (ṇa) are the means to success in therapeutic treatment. ʲṇa refers the defining of measurement, length, amount, weight, circumstances etc.
: Pitta Ayurveda: Samanya GunaParimana means size. It is related to terms or things of measurement, such as entity of length, breadth, height, area, large and small etc.
: Shodhganga: Ayurveda siddhanta evam darshanaParimana-guna is explained as mana by Charaka. In the context of explaining principles of pharmaceutics much importance has been given to mana-paribhasha and has been discussed in detail which emphasises its importance. Chakrapani has explained as adhaka, tula etc tools of measurement. Gangadhara has explained five subtypes four similar to Charaka and fifth type as parimandala for which he quotes few references from Vaisheshika sutra but which can be included under mahat.
: gurumukhi.ru: Ayurveda glossary of termsʲṇa (परिमाण):—[貹ṇam] See MATRA

Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.
Vaisheshika (school of philosophy)
Source: Wisdom Library: Vaiśeṣikaʲṇa (परिमाण, “quantity�) is one of the seventeen ṇas (‘qualities�), according to the Vaiśeṣika-sūtras. These ṇas are considered as a category of 貹ٳ (“metaphysical correlate�). These 貹ٳs represent everything that exists which can be cognized and named. Together with their subdivisions, they attempt to explain the nature of the universe and the existence of living beings.

Vaisheshika (वैशेषि�, vaiśeṣika) refers to a school of orthodox Hindu philosophy (astika), drawing its subject-matter from the Upanishads. Vaisheshika deals with subjects such as logic, epistemology, philosophy and expounds concepts similar to Buddhism in nature
Vyakarana (Sanskrit grammar)
: Wikisource: A dictionary of Sanskrit grammarʲṇa (परिमाण).—A word used by Panini in तदस्� परिमाणम् (tadasya 貹ṇam) V.1.19 and explained by Patanjali as सर्वतो मानम� (sarvato Բm) .Samkhya (number) is also said to be a parimana. Parimana is of two kinds-नियत (niyata) or definite as in the case of Khaari, drona etc; and अनिय� (aniyata), as in the case of Gana, Samgha, PUga, Sartha, Sena etc. The term परिमाण (貹ṇa), in connection with the utterance of letters, is used in the sense of मात्राका� (ٰ) or one mora.

Vyakarana (व्याकर�, vyākaraṇa) refers to Sanskrit grammar and represents one of the six additional sciences (vedanga) to be studied along with the Vedas. Vyakarana concerns itself with the rules of Sanskrit grammar and linguistic analysis in order to establish the correct context of words and sentences.
Nyaya (school of philosophy)
: Shodhganga: A study of Nyāya-vaiśeṣika categoriesʲṇa (परिमाण, “size�) or ʲṇaṇa refers to one of the twenty-four ṇas (qualities) according to all the modern works on Nyāya-Vaiśeṣika.—ʲṇa (dimenison) is the sixth quality (ṇa). It is a general quality. This quality can be perceived through two sense-organs, eye and skin.Praśastapāda gives the definition in his Bhāṣya that 貹ṇa is the cause of measurement. According to Viśvanātha, the definition of 貹ṇa is that which is the cause of the convention of measurement. Śivāditya defines 貹ṇa is that which has the generality of dimensionness and which is the special cause of the common usage of measurement.
ʲṇa is divided into four kinds:�
- (atomic),
- mahat (large),
- ī (long),
- hrasva (short).
These reside in all the nine substances. Again 貹ṇa can be nitya (eternal) and anitya (transitory). That 貹ṇa is nitya (eternal) which subsist in eternal substances and that is anitya (transitory) which is in the non-eternal substances. The 貹ṇa of ether, time, space and soul is all pervasive and is the largest. The 貹ṇa of these substances is nitya, because these are eternal substances. The 貹ṇa of atom and manas is atomic and eternal. The 貹ṇa of the composite products like dyad, triad etc. are anitya. The transitory dimension is produced from number, dimension and accumulation (pracaya).

Nyaya (न्या�, nyaya) refers to a school of Hindu philosophy (astika), drawing its subject-matter from the Upanishads. The Nyaya philosophy is known for its theories on logic, methodology and epistemology, however, it is closely related with Vaisheshika in terms of metaphysics.
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
: archive.org: Shiva Purana - English Translationʲṇa (परिमाण) refers to the “required quantity (for taking in water and foodstuffs)�, according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.5.5 (“The Tripuras are fascinated).—Accordingly, as Arihan said to the Lord of the Three Cities: “O ruler of the Asuras, listen to my statement, pregnant with wisdom. It is the essence of the Vedānta and bears high esoteric importance. [...] Taking in water and foodstuffs to the required quantity (貹ṇa) [nirāhāra貹īṇa� prāpya], all living beings derive a kindred satisfaction, neither more nor less. After drinking water we are gladly relieved of thirst. Others too are equally relieved. There is no deviation this way or that. There may be a thousand damsels of exquisite beauty and comely features. But only one of them can be used at a time for the sexual intercourse. [...]�.

The Purana (पुरा�, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Languages of India and abroad
Pali-English dictionary
: BuddhaSasana: Concise Pali-English Dictionary貹ṇa : (nt.) measure; extent; limit. (adj.) (in cpds.)measuring; comprising; extending over.
: Sutta: The Pali Text Society's Pali-English Dictionaryʲṇa, (nt.) (of pari+) measure, extent, limit, as adj. (-°) measuring, extending over, comprising J. I, 45; SnA 1 (pariyatti°); PvA. 113 (yojana°), 102 (anekabhāra°).—neg. a貹ṇa without limit, immeasurable, very great Vin. II, 62, 70; S. V, 430; A. II, 182; KhA 248; DA. I, 288 (°vaṇṇa); PvA. 110, 129. (Page 431)

Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.
Marathi-English dictionary
: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionary貹ṇa (परिमाण).—n (S) Measure, magnitude, quantity. 2 The rule or standard by which a thing is determined, adjusted, or proportioned. 3 A measure in general, whether of length, weight, or capacity, or of time; as a clock, an hour-glass. 4 S Measurement, ascertainment by measuring. 5 Magnitude or measure is distinguished into three orders; viz. 貹ṇa or paraṇu貹ṇa, mahat貹ṇa, paramamahat貹ṇa Magnitude of the molecule or corpuscle, i.e. measure in the infinitesimal or minimum; sensible magnitude from the measure of the molecule up to that of the earth or ocean; magnitude infinite or transcending measurement (e.g. that of ākāśa, vāyu, kāla, diśā, āt). 6 Used by translators to render Geometrical dimension.
: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-English貹ṇa (परिमाण).�n 貹ī f 貹īٲ f Measure. Standard. Measure in general.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryʲṇa (परिमाण) or ʲīṇa (परीमा�).�
1) Measuring, measure (of strength, power &c.); सद्य� परात्मपरिमाणविवेकमूढ� (sadya� parātma貹ṇavivekamūḍha�) Mu.1.1; Ku. 2.8; Manusmṛti 3.133; सद� पान्थः पूषा गगनपरिमाणं कलयत� (sadā pāntha� pūṣ� gagana貹ṇa� kalayati) Bh.
2) Weight, number, value; प्रतिग्रहपरीमाणं (pratigraha貹īṇa�)...... शासन� कारयेत� स्थिरम� (śāsana� kārayet sthiram) Y.1.32.
3) Size, dimension.
Derivable forms: 貹ṇam (परिमाणम्), 貹īṇam (परॶमाणम�).
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionaryʲṇa (परिमाण).—n.
(-ṇa�) 1. Measure. 2. Measuring. 3. Weight, number, value. E. pari completely, and ṇa measuring. pari + -lyu� .
ʲṇa can also be spelled as ʲīṇa (परीमा�).
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionaryʲṇa (परिमाण).�貹īṇa, i. e. pari- + ana, n. 1. Circumference, Böhtl. Ind. Spr. 461. 2. Measure, [Harivaṃśa, (ed. Calc.)] 1033. 3. Weight, [ʲñٲԳٰ] ii. [distich] 84. 4. Length of time, Mahābhārata 3, 1407. 5. Number, Mahābhārata 11, 763.
ʲṇa can also be spelled as ʲīṇa (परीमा�).
--- OR ---
ʲīṇa (परीमा�).—貹īٲ� 貹īٲ, 貹ī岹 貹ī岹, 貹ī 貹ī, 貹ī 貹ī, 貹ī 貹ī, see pariº pariº, etc., with i.
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionaryʲṇa (परिमाण).—[neuter] measuring, measure, compass, size, number, value; [adjective] amounting to (—�).*
--- OR ---
ʲīṇa (परीमा�).—[neuter] = 貹ṇa.
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) ʲṇa (परिमाण):—[=pari-ṇa] [from pari-] n. measuring, meting out, [Kātyāyana-śrauta-sūtra; Varāha-mihira]
2) [v.s. ...] (also -ka n., [Bhāṣāpariccheda]) measure of any kind e.g. circumference, length, size, weight, number, value, duration (ifc. ‘amounting to� [Ṛg-veda] etc. etc. cf. 貹ī)
3) ʲīṇa (परीमा�):—[=貹ī-ṇa] [from 貹ī] n. measure, circumference, size, weight, number, amount, [Mahābhārata; Yājñavalkya; Hedri’s Caturvarga-cintāmaṇi] (cf. pari-m).
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionaryʲṇa (परिमाण):—[pari-ṇa] (ṇa�) 1. n. Measure.
: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)ʲṇa (परिमाण) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: ʲṇa.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम� (ṃsṛt), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionaryʲṇa (परिमाण) [Also spelled pariman]:�(nm) quantity; volume; ~[峦첹] quantitative; —[kī dṛṣṭi se] quantitatively.
...
Prakrit-English dictionary
: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionaryʲṇa (परिमाण) in the Prakrit language is related to the Sanskrit word: ʲṇa.
Prakrit is an ancient language closely associated with both Pali and Sanskrit. Jain literature is often composed in this language or sub-dialects, such as the Agamas and their commentaries which are written in Ardhamagadhi and Maharashtri Prakrit. The earliest extant texts can be dated to as early as the 4th century BCE although core portions might be older.
Kannada-English dictionary
: Alar: Kannada-English corpusʲṇa (ಪರಿಮಾಣ):�
1) [noun] a measuring or being measured; mensuration; measurement.
2) [noun] extent, quality or size as determined by measuring; dimension; measurement.
3) [noun] any indeterminate bulk, weight or number.
4) [noun] the exact amount of a particular thing.
5) [noun] a portion or quantity weighing a definite or specified amount; weight.
6) [noun] (jain.) a religious vow of receiving or having only that much as much is needed (and not more).
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Nepali dictionary
: unoes: Nepali-English Dictionaryʲṇa (परिमाण):—n. quantity; magnitude; dimension;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with: Parimanabodhaka, Parimanaka, Parimanal, Parimanam, Parimananar, Parimanangula, Parimanaparigrahavrata, Parimanat, Parimanatas, Parimanate, Parimanavacaka, Parimanavakuti, Parimanavant, Parimanavat, Parimanavattva, Parimanavrata.
Full-text (+123): Aparimana, Parimanaka, Bhumiparimana, Parimanatas, Madhyaparimana, Parimanavant, Catusatthibhanavaraparimana, Patiggahanaparimana, Asitibhanavaraparimana, Vassasatamattaparimana, Kotisatasahassaparimana, Vassaparimana, Codanaparimana, Tamtamnipataparimana, Dvadasapadasahassaparimana, Pancaparimana, Dvattimsapalagulapindaparimana, Cattalisadhikasataparimana, Parimanavat, Parimanam.
Relevant text
Search found 63 books and stories containing Parimana, ʲīṇa, ʲṇa, Pari-mana, Pari-ṇa, Parī-ṇa; (plurals include: Parimanas, ʲīṇas, ʲṇas, manas, ṇas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Nyaya-Vaisheshika categories (Study) (by Diptimani Goswami)
Qualities (6): ʲṇa (Dimension) < [Chapter 4 - Quality and Action]
Divisions of Quality < [Chapter 4 - Quality and Action]
Substance (8): Āt (Self) < [Chapter 3 - Dravya (Substance)]
A History of Indian Philosophy Volume 1 (by Surendranath Dasgupta)
Part 9 - The six Padārthas: Dravya, Guṇa, Karma, Sānya, Viśeṣa, Samavāya < [Chapter VIII - The Nyāya-Vaiśeṣika Philosophy]
Part 10 - The Theory of Causation < [Chapter VIII - The Nyāya-Vaiśeṣika Philosophy]
Padarthadharmasamgraha and Nyayakandali (by Ganganatha Jha)
Text 17 < [Chapter 3 - Similarities and Dissimilarities among Categories]
Text 86: On Dimension (ʲṇa) < [Chapter 6a - On Qualities]
Text 87: On Isolation (Pṛthaktva) < [Chapter 6a - On Qualities]
Vakyapadiya of Bhartrihari (by K. A. Subramania Iyer)
Verse 3.14.179 < [Book 3 - Pada-kāṇḍa (14): Vṛtti-samuddeśa (On Ccomplex Formation)]
Verse 3.14.84-85 < [Book 3 - Pada-kāṇḍa (14): Vṛtti-samuddeśa (On Ccomplex Formation)]
Verse 3.9.1 < [Book 3 - Pada-kāṇḍa (9): Kāla-samuddeśa (On Time)]
Amarakoshodghatana of Kshirasvamin (study) (by A. Yamuna Devi)
Economics (4): Measures, Weights and Coinage < [Chapter 3 - Social Aspects]
Philosophy of Charaka-samhita (by Asokan. G)
General attributes (sānya-ṇas) < [Chapter 2 - Fundamental Categories]
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