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Jna, ñ, ñ: 15 definitions

Introduction:

Jna means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.

Alternative spellings of this word include Gya.

In Hinduism

Ayurveda (science of life)

: gurumukhi.ru: Ayurveda glossary of terms

ñ (ज्�):—[ñḥ] Knower of the field : a synonym of the self

Ayurveda book cover
context information

Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.

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In Jainism

General definition (in Jainism)

: The University of Sydney: A study of the Twelve Reflections

ñ (ज्ञा) refers to �(playful) knowledge�, according to the 11th century ñnrṇava, a treatise on Jain Yoga in roughly 2200 Sanskrit verses composed by Śubhacandra.—Accordingly, “Certainly in this world the one knowing the higher knowledge constantly obtains fearlessness [and] happiness that is beyond the senses [and] imperishable through the reflections with playful knowledge (īⲹ-ñ). The fire of passion becomes extinguished, desire flows away, darkness disappears [and] the light of knowledge shines forth in the heart for men from the repetition of the reflections�.

Synonyms: Nbhi.

General definition book cover
context information

Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance�) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.

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Languages of India and abroad

Marathi-English dictionary

: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionary

ñ (ज्�).�

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ñ (ज्�).—The thirty-sixth consonant. It is a compound letter, considered to be composed of ja & �. It is represented by Jn or Gn, and, in this work, by Dn; but its sound cannot be correctly conveyed by any combination of the Roman alphabet.

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ñ (ज्�).—a (S) That knows. In comp. as śstrañ, rasañ, vyavahrañ, sarvañ, kiñcijñ.

: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-English

ñ (ज्�).—The 36th consonant. a That knows.

context information

Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.

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Sanskrit dictionary

: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary

ñ (ज्ञा).�9 U. (jnti, jīٱ, jañu, jañ, añsīt-añsta, ñtum, ñta)

1) To know (in all senses), to learn, become acquainted with; मा ज्ञासीस्त्वं सुखी रामो यदकार्षीत् � रक्षसाम् (m ñsīstva� sukhī rmo yadakrṣīt sa rakṣasm) Bhaṭṭikvya 15.9.

2) To know, be aware of, be familiar or conversant with; जाने तपसो वीर्यम� (jne tapaso vīryam) Ś.3.1; जानन्नपि हि मेधावी जडवल्लोक आचरेत् (jnannapi hi medhvī jaḍavalloka caret) Manusmṛti 2.11,123;7.148.

3) To find out, ascertain, investigate; ज्ञायतां कः कः कार्यार्थीति (ñyat� ka� ka� kryrthīti) Mṛcchakaṭika 9.

4) To comprehend, apprehend, understand, feel, experience; as in दुःखज्�, सुखज्ञ (duḥkhañ, sukhañ) &c.

5) To test, try, know the true character of; आपत्सु मित्रं जानीयात् (patsu mitra� jnīyt) H.1.72; Ch�.21.

6) To recognise; � त्वं दृष्ट्वा � पुनरलकां ज्ञास्यस� कामचारिन� (na tva� dṛṣṭv na punaralak� ñsyase kmacrin) Meghadūta 63.

7) To regard, consider, know to be; जानामि त्वा� प्रकृतिपुरुष� कामरूप� मघोन� (jnmi tv� prakṛtiܰṣa� kmarūpa� maghona�) Meghadūta 6.

8) To act, engage in (with gename of the instrument); सर्पिष� जानीते (辱ṣo jīٱ) Sk. 'he engages in sacrifice with clarified butter (辱ṣa� = 辱ṣ�).

9) Ved. To acknowledge, approve, allow.

1) To recognise as one's own, take possession of. -Caus. (ñpayati, ñ貹ⲹپ)

1) To announce, inform, make acquainted with, make known, notify.

2) To request, ask (Ātm.).

3) To sharpen.

4) To satisfy.

5) To praise.

6) To immolate, kill (as an animal). -Desid. (ᾱñٱ)

1) To desire to know, investigate, ascertain; R.2.26; Bhaṭṭikvya 8.33;14.91.

2) To conjecture, suppose, guess.

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ñ (ज्�).�a. [ñ-첹] (At the end of comp.)

1) Knowing, familiar with; कार्यज्ञ, निमित्तज्ञ, शास्त्रज्ञ, सर्वज्� (kryañ, nimittañ, śstrañ, sarvañ) &c.

2) Wise; as in ज्ञंमन्य (ñṃmԲⲹ) thinking oneself to be wise.

-ñ� 1 A wise and learned man.

2) The sentient soul.

3) The planet Mercury.

4) The planet Mars.

5) An epithet of Brahm; cf. ज्ञः प्राज्ञे जन्द्रतनये विषय� चात्मगर्वयोः (ñ� prñ jandratanaye viṣaye ctmagarvayo�) Nm.

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary

ñ (ज्�).—A compound letter, considered to be composed of ja and ñ; it is usually expressed by jn or gn, but its peculiar nasal sound is not well conveyed by any combination of the Roman alphabet.

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ñ (ज्�).—mfn. (ñ� ñ ñ�) Who or what knows. m. (ñ�) 1. A wise and learned man; it especially applies to one possesed of sacred learning, and religious knowledge. 2. A name of Bramha. 3. The moon. 4. Bud'ha, first of the line of the moon, and regent of the planet Mer- Cury. 5. The planet Mars or its regent. 6. The Sentient soul. E. ñ to know, to possess knowledge, affix ka.

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ñ (ज्ञा).—r. 9th cl. (jnti jīٱ) To know, to understand. With anu, prefix- ed, 1. To assent or conform to. 2. To acknowledge. With apa, To conceal. With ava, To disrespect, to despise. With upa, To deny knowledge of any thing. With pari, To ascertain. With pra, To know well. With prati or sam, To assent, to admit, to agree, to promise. With prati and abhi, To recognise. With vi, To discriminate, to know. With sam, To recollect or possess the power of knowing. (In combination, it usually takes the deponent form, as anujīٱ, apajīٱ, &c.) r. 10th cl. (ñpayatite) To command, to direct; is usually prefixed in this sense. r. 1st cl. but occurring in the form of the causal, (ñ貹ⲹپ) 1. To slay. 2. To gratify or please. 3. To exhibit 4. To sharpen. 5. To praise. In these senses the root is, in general. combined with a prefix. kry-pa-saka-ani� . cu-ubha-saka-se� .

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary

ñ (ज्�).� (vb. ñ), adj., f. ñ. 1. Knowing, Mahbhrata 12, 12028; particularly as latter part of comp. words, e. g. [Բ󲹰śٰ] 4, 102. 2. Intelligent, [Bhgavata-Purṇa, (ed. Burnouf.)] 7, 8, 11.

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ñ (ज्ञा).—ii. 9, jn, nī, [Parasmaipada.] [Ātmanepada.] 1. To know, [Բ󲹰śٰ] 2, 123; Mahbhrata 3, 2154 (with the gen.). 2. To be intelligent, [Բ󲹰śٰ] 2, 110. 3. To recognise, [Meghadūta, (ed. Gildemeister.)] 64; [Bhagavadgīt, (ed. Schlegel.)] 5, 29. 4. To search, [峾ⲹṇa] 3, 51, 1; to investigate, Mahbhrata 4, 962; to learn, [ʲñٲԳٰ] 4, 17. 5. To consider, [Բ󲹰śٰ] 8, 71; 2, 23. 6. To perceive, [峾ⲹṇa] 1, 42, 1. Anomalous 3 sing. pres. Բٱ, Mahbhrata 13, 5204; 1 pl. ī, 3, 15591; 2 pl. Բٳ, 2, 842; 2 pl. imptve. Բٲ, 2, 2397; 2 sing. impf. [Ātmanepada.] Ծٳ, 14, 1641; ptcple of the pres. [Ātmanepada.] ԲԲ, 3, 1413.

� Ptcple. of the pf. pass. ñta, 1. Known, [Mṛcchakaṭik, (ed. Stenzler.)] 2, 8. 2. Thought, [ʲñٲԳٰ] i. [distich] 123. Comp. A-, without knowing, unknowingly, [Բ󲹰śٰ] 4, 140; 11, 155.

� Ptcple. of the fut. pass. 1. ñtavya, Perceptible, [Harivaṃśa, (ed. Calc.)] 11143. 2. ܲ-ñⲹ, adj. Hard to be discerned, [Բ󲹰śٰ] 6, 73. [Causal.] ñpaya and ñ貹ⲹ, 1. To declare, Mahbhrata 2, 558. 2. To teach, Mahbhrata 14, 415. 3. To report, Mahbhrata 1, 5864. 4. To address, Mahbhrata 3, 8762. Ptcple of the pf. pass. ñpita and ñٲ. Desider. jiñsa, 1. To desire to know, [峾ⲹṇa] 2, 35, 19. 2. To search, to inquire, [Bhgavata-Purṇa, (ed. Burnouf.)] 2, 9, 35. 3. To get certainty, [Kathsaritsgara, (ed. Brockhaus.)] 22, 84.

� With the prep. anu anu, 1. To grant, [Bhgavata-Purṇa, (ed. Burnouf.)] 3, 13, 14. 2. To promise, [ٲśܳٲ] in Chr. 186, 19. 3. To permit, give leave, [Mlavikgnimitra, (ed. Tullberg.)] 16, 11; [峾ⲹṇa] 2, 52, 44. 4. To pardon, Mahbhrata 1, 7772. 5. To repent, [峾ⲹṇa] 2, 42, 8. 6. To dismiss, [Բ󲹰śٰ] 3, 251. 7. To take leave, [峾ⲹṇa] 2, 37, 4 (with the acc.). 8. To beg, [峾ⲹṇa] 2, 21, 25. 9. To favour, Mahbhrata 3, 11631. [Causal.] 1. To ask permission, [Բ󲹰śٰ] 4, 122. 2. To take leave (with the acc.), [峾ⲹṇa] 2, 71, 13.

� With abhyanu abhi-anu, 1. To approve, [Բ󲹰śٰ] 2, 1. 2. To permit, [Բ󲹰śٰ] 3, 243. 3. To dismiss, [峾ⲹṇa] 1, 2, 3. 4. To take leave, [峾ⲹṇa] 3, 12, 7. 5. To favour, [峾ⲹṇa] 3, 36, 19. [Causal.] To take leave, Mahbhrata 1, 6619.

� With pratyabhyanu prati-abhi-anu, To dismiss, Mahbhrata 12, 13928.

� With pratyanu prati -anu, To spurn, [峾ⲹṇa] 2, 87, 16.

� With samanu sam-anu, 1. To approve, Mahbhrata 3, 14824. 2. To pardon, [峾ⲹṇa] 2, 39, 38. 3. To empower, Mahbhrata 3, 14815; to allow, Mahbhrata 3, 1850. 4. To dismiss, Mahbhrata 5, 5974. 5. To favour, Mahbhrata 13, 3603. [Causal.] 1. To beg, Mahbhrata 1, 6340. 2. To beg permission, [峾ⲹṇa] 2, 40, 2. 3. To take leave (with the acc.), [峾ⲹṇa] 1, 74, 6. 4. To salute, Mahbhrata 1, 6423.

� With abhi abhi, 1. To recognise, Mahbhrata 3, 2201. 2. To perceive, [Bhgavata-Purṇa, (ed. Burnouf.)] 4, 19, 26. 3. To know, [峾ⲹṇa] 6, 94, 15; Mahbhrata 3, 13339. 4. To think, Mahbhrata 1, 3337. 5. To approve, Mahbhrata 13, 5871. 6. To acknowledge, Mahbhrata 1, 3060.

� With pratyabhi prati-abhi, 1. To recognise, [Prabodhacandrodaya, (ed. Brockhaus.)] 24, 16. 2. To recover, [Kathsaritsgara, (ed. Brockhaus.)] 18, 175.

� With samabhi sam -abhi, To recognise, Mahbhrata 3, 2945.

� With ava ava, To despise, [Bhagavadgīt, (ed. Schlegel.)] 9, 11. avañta, Accompanied with contempt, [Bhagavadgīt, (ed. Schlegel.)] 17, 22.

� With , To perceive, Mahbhrata 3, 448; to learn, [峾ⲹṇa] 1, 9, 61. [Causal.] 1. To command, Mahbhrata 2, 2567 ([Ātmanepada.]); with that which is commanded in the dat., e. g. svagṛhya, To command to go home, [ʲñٲԳٰ] 242, 24.

� With sam sam-, 1. To recognise, Mahbhrata 4, 1736. 2. To learn, [Lassen, Anthologia Sanskritica.] 18, 13. 3. To know, Mahbhrata 3, 680. [Causal.] To command, [Mṛcchakaṭik, (ed. Stenzler.)] 66, 23.

� With upa upa, desider. To spy, Mahbhrata 13, 3016.

� With samupa sam-upa, To perceive, to learn, Mahbhrata 12, 5241.

� With pari pari, 1. To recognise, [峾ⲹṇa] 6, 8, 3. 2. To learn, Mahbhrata 7, 467. To know, [ʲñٲԳٰ] 99, 8. 4. To know exactly, [Vikramorvaśī, (ed. Bollensen.)] 5, 14. Comp. ptcple. of the pf. pass. ku-pari-ñta, adj. Imperfectly known, [ʲñٲԳٰ] v. [distich] 1.

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ñ (ज्ञा).—for jn after e and o, Mahbhrata 1, 3168; 3, 16308.

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary

ñ (ज्�).—[adjective] knowing, versed in, conversant or familiar with ([genetive], [locative] or —�); intelligent, wise.

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ñ (ज्ञा).�1. jnti jīٱ (jnati, Բٱ), [participle] ñta know, be or get aware of ([accusative], [rarely] [genetive]), recognize, ascertain, investigate, acknowledge, approve, perceive, observe, notice ([accusative]), remember ([genetive]); consider or regard as, understand or suppose that

� (2 [accusative]), know how to (infin.); *[Middle] have to do with, deal with ([genetive]). With na know nothing of ([accusative]). [Causative] ñpayati, te & ñ貹ⲹپ, te, [participle] ñٲ & ñpita inform, teach; announce, notify; make a person acquainted with (2 [accusative]); [Middle] beg, request ([accusative]). [Desiderative] ᾱñٱ (ti) wish to know, try, examine; ascertain, suppose. [Desiderative] [Causative] ñīپ wish to make a person acquainted with (2 [accusative]); [participle] jñīpsyamna wished or intended to be informed.

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ñ (ज्ञा).�2. (—�) knowing, acquainted with.

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) ñ (ज्�):�1. ñ for 1. ñ. See ū󱹲-

2) 2a ñka, ñpita, etc. See below.

3) ñ (ज्ञा):�1. ñ [class] 9. [Parasmaipada][Ātmanepada] jnti, īٱ (cf. [Pṇini 1-3, 76]; [subjunctive] nat; [imperative] īٲ, 2. sg. ī, once [irregular] ñ, [Bhgavata-purṇa x, 89, 46; fr. [class] 3.] jijhi, [Mahbhrata xiii, 4493]; 2. [plural] [irregular] nata, [ii, 2397]; 2. sg. [Ātmanepada] [irregular] nase, [Divyvadna xviii]; p. nat, nna [irregular] namna [Mahbhrata]; [perfect tense] jañu, ñ [Passive voice] [Rjataraṅgiṇ� v, 481], 3. [plural] ñr, [Ṛg-veda vii, 79, 4; Śatapatha-brhmaṇa xi]; p. ñna, [Ṛg-veda x, 14, 2]; [future] ñsyati, te; [Aorist] añsīt, sta [Passive voice] añyi, [vi, 65, 1 etc.]; [Potential] ñyt or ñy, [Pṇini 6-4, 68] ; 2. sg. ñyas = γνοίης [Ṛg-veda ii, 10, 6]; [infinitive mood] ñtum)

—to know, have knowledge, become acquainted with ([accusative]; rarely [genitive case] [Mahbhrata iii, 2154; Harivaṃśa 7095]), perceive, apprehend, understand (also with [infinitive mood] [Pṇini 3-4, 65] [Mahbhrata ii, v; Daśakumra-carita]), experience, recognise, ascertain, investigate, [Ṛg-veda] etc.;

—to know as, know or perceive that, regard or consider as (with double [accusative] e.g. tasya m� tanay� jnīta, ‘know me to be his daughter� [Mahbhrata iii, 2476]; with mṛṣ, ‘to consider as untrue� [Ratnvalī ii, 18]), [Manu-smṛti] etc.;—to acknowledge, approve, allow, [Vjasaneyi-ṃhit xviii, 59 f.; Atharva-veda ix, 5, 19; Śatapatha-brhmaṇa i, xi, xiv];

—to recognise as one’s own, take possession of [Saddharma-puṇḍarīka];

—to visit as a friend, [Atharva-veda x, 1, 25];

—to remember (with [genitive case]), [Mahbhrata xii, 5169];—[Ātmanepada] to engage in ([genitive case] e.g. 辱ṣo, ‘to make an oblation with clarified butter�), [Pṇini 1-3, 45; ii, 3, 51] :

‰ڰ䲹ܲ ñ貹ⲹپ, to teach any one ([accusative]), [Śṅkhyana-śrauta-sūtra xv];

ñp ([Passive voice] ñpyate) to make known, announce, teach anything, [Mahbhrata ii, xii; Ktyyana] and, [Patañjali];

—to inform any one ([genitive case]) that (double [accusative]), [Mahbhrata i, 5864];—[Ātmanepada] to request, ask, [Chndogya-upaniṣad ii, 13, 1] (ñp), [Mahbhrata iii, 8762] (ñp) :—[Desiderative] ᾱñٱ ([Pṇini 1-3, 57]; [Epic] also [Parasmaipada])

—to wish to know or become acquainted with or learn, investigate, examine, [Manu-smṛti ii, 13; Mahbhrata] etc.;

—to wish for information about ([accusative]), [Kathsaritsgara xxii, 84];

—to conjecture, [Atharva-veda xiv, 1, 56] :‰ڰ䲹ܲ [Desiderative] jiñpayiṣati (also ñp, [Siddhnta-kaumudī]) and ñīپ (cf. psyamna), to wish to make known or inform, [Pṇini 7-2, 49 & 4, 5];�(cf. γν�-θι etc.)

4) ñ (ज्�):—[from ñ] 2b mf()n., [iii, 1, 135] knowing, familiar with (chiefly in [compound]; rarely [genitive case] or [locative case] [Mahbhrata xii, 12028; 峾ⲹṇa vii, 91, 25]), [Śatapatha-brhmaṇa xiv, 7, 2, 3; Manu-smṛti] etc.

5) [v.s. ...] intelligent, having a soul, wise, (m.) a wise and learned man, [Śvetśvatara-upaniṣad; Praśna-upaniṣad; Bdaryaṇa’s Brahma-sūtra; Varha-mihira’s Bṛhajjtaka; Bhgavata-purṇa vii]

6) [v.s. ...] having ñ as deity, [Pṇini 6-4, 163; Patañjali]

7) [v.s. ...] m. the thinking soul (= ܰṣa), [Sṃkhyakrik; Nyya iii, 2, 20 [Scholiast or Commentator]]

8) [v.s. ...] the planet Mercury, [Varha-mihira’s Bṛhat-ṃhit; Varha-mihira’s Bṛhajjtaka; Laghujtaka, by Varha-mihira; Sūryasiddhnta]

9) [v.s. ...] the planet Mars, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halyudha, hemacandra, etc.]

10) [v.s. ...] Brahm, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halyudha, hemacandra, etc.]

11) ñ (ज्ञा):—[from ñ] a f. Name of a woman, [Pṇini 6-4, 163; Patañjali];

12) ñ (ज्�):—[from ñ] cf. [Latin] mali- and beni-gnu-s.

13) ñ (ज्ञा):—[from ñptika] b mfn. ifc. ‘knowing, familiar with� See ṛt-, padaand pra-ñ, -�-.

14) 3. ñ f. for -j (by [irregular] Sandhi after e and o), [Mahbhrata i, 3168; iii, 16308.]

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) ñ (ज्�):�(ñ�) 1. m. A wise man; Brahm; the moon; Buddha. a. Knowing.

2) ñ (ज्ञा):�(ga) jnti jīٱ 9. c. To know. With anu to assent to, acknowledge; with apa to conceal; with ava to despise; with to command; with pra to know well; with upa to deny knowing; with pari to ascertain; with prati or to assent to, promise; with vi to discriminate; with to recollect; with prati and abhi to recognize. 10th. With to command; with other prepositions to whet; to praise; slay.

: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)

ñ (ज्ञा) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Āṇa, Āṇe, Jṇa, Ṇa, ṆaᲹ, Ṇa貹, Ṇ�, ѳṇa, Yṇa.

[Sanskrit to German]

context information

Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम� (ṃskṛtm), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.

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Hindi dictionary

: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionary

ñ (ज्�) [Also spelled gya]:�—a Sanskrit suffix meaning 'one who knows or realises' as [guṇañ, bahuñ, kṛtñ].

context information

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Kannada-English dictionary

: Alar: Kannada-English corpus

ñ (ಜ್�):�

1) [noun] a man who knows; a learned, well-informed man.

2) [noun] (astrol.) the planet Mars.

3) [noun] (astrol.) the planet Mercury.

context information

Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.

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