Caura, Ca奴ra, Caur膩: 21 definitions
Introduction:
Caura means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Marathi, Jainism, Prakrit, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
Alternative spellings of this word include Chaura.
In Hinduism
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
: archive.org: Shiva Purana - English TranslationCaura (啶氞啶�) refers to 鈥渢heft鈥�, which is considered as having evil influences (vyasana), according to the 艢ivapur膩峁嘺 2.1.17. Accordingly, 鈥淸...] who is he that is not broken up by the evil influences (vyasana) of hunting (尘峁沢补测腻), wine (madya), slander (辫补颈艣耻苍测补), untruth (补苍峁泃补), theft (caura), gambling (durodara) and prostitutes (惫腻谤补诲腻谤补)? The wicked fellow (Gu峁嘺nidhi) used to lay his hands on whatever he could see in the house, a cloth, a base metal etc. and take it to the gambling den, there to lose the same to his brother gamblers (诲测奴迟补办腻谤补)鈥�.
The Purana (啶啶班ぞ啶�, pur膩峁嘺s) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India鈥檚 vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology)
Source: Wisdom Library: Brihat Samhita by VarahamihiraCaura (啶氞啶�) refers to 鈥渢hieves鈥�, according to the B峁沨atsa峁僪it膩 (chapter 4), an encyclopedic Sanskrit work written by Var膩hamihira mainly focusing on the science of ancient Indian astronomy astronomy (Jyoti峁).鈥擜ccordingly, 鈥淚f the Moon (candra) should be eclipsed by Ketu she will destroy prosperity, health and plenty. Artisans will perish and thieves [i.e., caura] will suffer greatly. If while the moon is eclipsed, she be crossed by the fall of a meteor, that prince will die in the star of whose nativity the moon then happens to be鈥�.
Jyotisha (啶溹啶啶むた啶�, 箩测辞迟颈峁 or jyotish) refers to 鈥榓stronomy鈥� or 鈥淰edic astrology鈥� and represents the fifth of the six Vedangas (additional sciences to be studied along with the Vedas). Jyotisha concerns itself with the study and prediction of the movements of celestial bodies, in order to calculate the auspicious time for rituals and ceremonies.
Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)
: Google Books: Manthanabhairavatantram1) Caura (啶氞啶�) refers to 鈥渢hieves鈥�, according to the Manth膩nabhairavatantra, a vast sprawling work that belongs to a corpus of Tantric texts concerned with the worship of the goddess Kubjik膩.鈥擜ccordingly, 鈥淭hese excellent sacrificial paps (caruka) should not be given to T膩ntrikas. O 艢ambhu, it should always be kept hidden, like riches from thieves (caura鈥�caurebhyo dravina峁� [dravi峁嘺峁�?] yath膩). Otherwise, there is no success and no tradition鈥�.
2) Caura (啶氞啶�) refers to 鈥渟tealing (knowledge)鈥�, according to the Kubjik膩mata-tantra, the earliest popular and most authoritative Tantra of the Kubjik膩 cult.鈥擜ccordingly, 鈥淚f the teachers who are in the world have little knowledge how can (authentic spiritual) knowledge be protected (from corruption)? (Indeed, such teachers) steal knowledge away (箩帽腻苍补-肠补耻谤补). If a disciple disrespects (his) teacher (thinking to himself) 鈥業 have acquired the essence of (his) knowledge, (it is time to) leave鈥� (and does so) without saying (that he is leaving), the goddesses will block (his development) and make (him) more foolish. [...]鈥�.
Shakta (啶多ぞ啶曕啶�, 艣膩kta) or Shaktism (艣膩ktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.
Sports, Arts and Entertainment (wordly enjoyments)
: archive.org: Syainika Sastra of Rudradeva with English Translation (art)Caura (啶氞啶�) refers to 鈥渢hieves鈥�, according to the 艢测补颈苍颈办补-艣腻蝉迟谤补: a Sanskrit treatise dealing with the divisions and benefits of Hunting and Hawking, written by R膩j膩 Rudradeva (or Candradeva) in possibly the 13th century.鈥擜ccordingly, 鈥�Hunting on horseback (腻艣惫颈苍补) represents one of the eight subdivisions of Hunting (尘峁沢补测腻). [...] It leads to the acquisition of religious merit, by killing ferocious animals such as wolves and tigers, by the protection of standing crop, by the slaughter of stags and other animals, by an inspection of the forest, which serves so many useful purposes, by frightening the thieves (caura), and by conciliating forest tribes. [...]鈥�.
This section covers the skills and profiencies of the Kalas (鈥減erforming arts鈥�) and Shastras (鈥渟ciences鈥�) involving ancient Indian traditions of sports, games, arts, entertainment, love-making and other means of wordly enjoyments. Traditionally these topics were dealt with in Sanskrit treatises explaing the philosophy and the justification of enjoying the pleasures of the senses.
Ayurveda (science of life)
Veterinary Medicine (The study and treatment of Animals)
: archive.org: The Elephant Lore of the HindusCaura (啶氞啶�) refers to 鈥渞obbers鈥� (to be exterminated with certain elephants), according to the 15th century 惭腻迟补峁単补濒墨濒腻 composed by N墨lak补峁囜弓ha in 263 Sanskrit verses, dealing with elephantology in ancient India, focusing on the science of management and treatment of elephants.鈥擺Cf. chapter 8, 鈥渙n marks of character鈥漖: 鈥�17. Elephants having the character of a Gandharva, serpent, or Yak峁 are (all) military, but a K峁triya is particularly (to be used) as a military elephant; the Brahmans and gods, in sacrificial and other ritual performances; the Vai艣ya class is useful in all labors, and the others in fighting, killing, carrying merchandise, etc., slaying robbers (caura-hanana), and annihilating tigers and other (wild beasts)鈥�.
膧yurveda (啶嗋く啷佮ぐ啷嵿さ啷囙う, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of 膧yurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.
In Buddhism
Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)
Source: Wisdom Library: Maha Prajnaparamita SastraCaura (啶氞啶�) refers to 鈥�(the outer suffering of) the wicked thief鈥�, as mentioned in the 2nd century Mah膩praj帽膩p膩ramit膩艣膩stra chapter XXXI in the section called 鈥渇our foundations of mindfulness (蝉尘峁泃测耻辫补蝉迟丑腻苍补)鈥�.鈥擜ccordingly:鈥斺�淸...] there are two kinds of suffering (诲耻岣丑补): inner suffering and outer suffering. [...] Outer suffering (b膩hya诲耻岣丑补) is of two types: i) the king (谤腻箩补苍), the victorious enemy (惫颈箩别迟峁�), the wicked thief (caura), the lion (蝉颈峁僪补), tiger (惫测腻驳丑谤补), wolf (惫峁沰补), snake (sarpa) and other nuisances (惫颈丑别峁环补苍补); ii) the wind (惫腻迟补), rain (惫峁涐梗峁璱), cold (艣墨迟补), heat (耻峁补), thunder (meghagarjita), lightning (vidyut), thunderbolts, etc: these two kinds of suffering are outer suffering鈥�.
Mahayana (啶す啶距く啶距え, mah膩y膩na) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many 蝉奴迟谤补蝉 of which some of the earliest are the various Praj帽膩p膩ramit膩 蝉奴迟谤补蝉.
Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism)
Source: Wisdom Library: Tibetan Buddhist Teachers, Deities and other Spiritual beingsCaur膩 (啶氞啶班ぞ) is another name for 颁补耻谤颈尘腻鈥攐ne of the 鈥�Fifty-eight Wrathful Deities鈥� (Tibetan: khro bo lha nga brgyad) according to various sources such as the Guhyagarbha Tantra and the Tibetan Book of the Dead.鈥擳hey feature in Tantric teachings and practices which focus on purifying elements of the body and mind. These deities [e.g., Caur膩] form part part of the the Hundred Peaceful and Wrathful Deities who manifest to a deceased person following the dissolution of the body and consciousness whilst they are in the intermediate state (bardo) between death and rebirth. 颁补耻谤颈尘腻 is part of the 鈥渆ight wrathful females鈥� and is also known as Caur墨, Caur膩, Tsaurima. She is known in Tibetan as (1) tso'u ri (2) chom rkun ma.
Tibetan Buddhism includes schools such as Nyingma, Kadampa, Kagyu and Gelug. Their primary canon of literature is divided in two broad categories: The Kangyur, which consists of Buddha鈥檚 words, and the Tengyur, which includes commentaries from various sources. Esotericism and tantra techniques (惫补箩谤补测腻苍补) are collected indepently.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionaryca奴ra (啶氞啶�) [or 啶氞啶班啷嬥啶∴ぞ, ca奴rag艒峁囜笉膩].鈥攎 Better written cavara.
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ca奴ra (啶氞啶�).鈥攎 (Better 肠腻丑奴谤补 q. v.) A measure of land.
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c膩奴ra (啶氞ぞ啶娻ぐ).鈥攎 See 肠腻惫补谤补 & 肠腻丑奴谤补.
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caura (啶氞啶�).鈥攎 (Better 肠腻丑奴谤补 q. v.) A measure of land.
: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-Englishca奴ra (啶氞啶�).鈥�m (Better 肠腻丑奴谤补) A measure of land.
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caura (啶氞啶�).鈥�m A measure of land.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryCaura (啶氞啶�).鈥�
1) A thief, robber; 啶膏啶侧 啶氞啶� 啶椸い啶� 啶む啶掂く啶� 啶椸啶灌啶むぎ啷� (sakala峁� cora gata峁� tvay膩 g峁沨墨tam) V.4.16. 啶囙え啷嵿う啷�啶掂ぐ啶︵げ啶啶班き啶距啷嬥ぐ啶� 啶氞啷嵿し啷佮 (ind墨varadalaprabh膩cora峁� cak峁岣�) 叠丑补谤迟峁沨补谤颈 3.67.
2) Any dishonest dealer.
2) One that steals or captivates the heart.
Derivable forms: 肠补耻谤补岣� (啶氞啶班).
See also (synonyms): cora.
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English DictionaryCaura (啶氞啶�).鈥攎f. (-谤补岣�-谤墨) 1. A thief, a robber, a pilferer. 2. A plant: see 肠辞谤补辫耻峁墨 3. A perfume. f. (-谤墨) Stealing, theft. E. cora a thief, affix 补峁�.
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English DictionaryCaura (啶氞啶�).鈥攊. e. 肠耻谤腻, Theft ([Grammarians.]) + a, m. 1. A thief, [惭腻苍补惫补诲丑补谤尘补艣腻蝉迟谤补] 4, 118. 2. The robber of a heart; in the title, 肠补耻谤补-辫补帽肠腻艣颈办腻, The fifty strophes of a robber of a heart.
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English DictionaryCaura (啶氞啶�).鈥擺masculine] 墨 [feminine] thief, robber.
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Caura (啶氞啶�):鈥�mfn. (鈭�cur) thievish, [Hemacandra鈥檚 Pari艣i峁ａ弓aparvan ii, 170] (= cora [gana] 辫谤补箩帽腻诲颈; [gana] 肠丑补迟迟谤腻诲颈) a thief. robber, [Manu-sm峁泃i iv, viii, xi] (ifc.), [Hariva峁兣沘] etc.
2) a dishonest or unfair dealer, usurper, [Pa帽catantra i, 8, 11/12 and 18/19] (also in [compound] translatable as [adjective (cf. [masculine, feminine and neuter; or adjective])])
3) (ifc. e.g. kavi-, 鈥榓 plagiarist鈥�), [G补峁嘺ratna-mahodadhi 114]
4) a (heart-) captivator, [Hariva峁兣沘 7125; 9981 and 9994]
5) the perfume Coraka, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amara蝉颈峁僪补, hal膩yudha, hemacandra, etc.]
6) 鈥榩lagiarist鈥�, Name of a poet (cf. cora), [艢膩r峁単adhara-paddhati]
7) [plural] Name of a family, [Pravara texts i, 7] ([K膩ty膩yana] and, [Vi艣van膩tha daivaj帽a])
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English DictionaryCaura (啶氞啶�):鈥擺(ra岣�-谤墨)] 1. m. 3. f. A thief. f. Theft; a grass; a perfume.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled 啶膏啶膏啶曕啶むぎ啷� (蝉补峁僺办峁泃补尘), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionaryCaur膩 (啶氞啶班ぞ) [Also spelled chaura]:鈥�(nm) an altar; a raised platform forming part of a religious or ritualistic installation.
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Prakrit-English dictionary
: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionaryCaura (啶氞啶�) in the Prakrit language is related to the Sanskrit word: Catura.
Prakrit is an ancient language closely associated with both Pali and Sanskrit. Jain literature is often composed in this language or sub-dialects, such as the Agamas and their commentaries which are written in Ardhamagadhi and Maharashtri Prakrit. The earliest extant texts can be dated to as early as the 4th century BCE although core portions might be older.
Kannada-English dictionary
: Alar: Kannada-English corpusCaura (嗖氞硨嗖�):鈥�
1) [noun] the act of cutting, dressing, shaving or trimming of the hair of the head or beards.
2) [noun] (fig.) a losing of money (by way of unnecessary or wasteful expenditure).
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Caura (嗖氞硨嗖�):鈥�
1) [noun] a fan made of the long hair of yak (Bos grunniens).
2) [noun] the profession of fanning in a royal court.
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Caur膩 (嗖氞硨嗖班簿):鈥擺noun] the middle-sized tree Erinocarpus nimmoanus of Tiliaceae family, with yellow flowers and fibrous bark.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Nepali dictionary
: unoes: Nepali-English Dictionary1) Caura (啶氞啶�):鈥攏. 1. a grassland; meadow; 2. a land;
2) Caura (啶氞啶�):鈥攏. meadow; an open grassy space;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with (+7): Caurabhavani, Caurabhaya, Caurabombala, Cauracarya, Cauradhvajabaddhaka, Caurage, Caurahrita, Cauraka, Caurakilbisha, Caurakilvisha, Caurakka, Cauramgadala, Cauramgajja, Cauramgaya, Cauramkaram, Cauramsha, Cauramta, Cauranana, Cauranave, Cauranigama.
Full-text (+151): Kavyacaura, Caurapahrita, Caurasa, Bhitticaura, Stricaura, Prasahyacaura, Cauramkaram, Caurakarman, Suvarnacaura, Karucaura, Caurapancashika, Caurahrita, Caurapushpaushadhi, Nikcaura, Caurabhavani, Cauratas, Dhanyacaura, Namacaura, Vandicaura, Cauram.
Relevant text
Search found 29 books and stories containing Caura, C膩奴ra, Ca奴ra, Caur膩; (plurals include: Cauras, C膩奴ras, Ca奴ras, Caur膩s). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Srila Gurudeva (The Supreme Treasure) (by Swami Bhaktivedanta Madhava Maharaja)
A Thief of Hearts < [Chapter 1.1 - 艢r墨 Guru Tattva and 艢r墨 Guru Sevaka]
Notices of Sanskrit Manuscripts (by Rajendralala Mitra)
Garga Samhita (English) (by Danavir Goswami)
Verse 1.18.1 < [Chapter 18 - Vision of the Universal Form]
Manusmriti with the Commentary of Medhatithi (by Ganganatha Jha)
Verse 9.270 < [Section XXXVIII - Treatment of Criminals and their Punishment]
Yavanajataka by Sphujidhvaja [Sanskrit/English] (by Michael D Neely)
Verse 3.24 < [Chapter 3 - One鈥檚 Own Form of the Drekk膩峁嘺s]
Verse 2.18 < [Chapter 2 - One鈥檚 Own Form of the Hor膩s]
Verse 75.12 < [Chapter 75 - Application of the V膩ra on Military Expeditions]
Yajnavalkya-smriti (Vyavaharadhyaya)鈥擟ritical study (by Kalita Nabanita)
Chapter 4.7 - Existence of the Autonomous Bodies or Groups < [Chapter 4 - The Political Aspect Reflected in the Vyavah膩r膩dhy膩ya]
Chapter 3.2a - Positions of the Br膩hm补峁嘺s and the 艢奴dras < [Chapter 3 - The Social Aspect Depicted in the Vyavah膩r膩dhy膩ya]