Significance of Hatred
Hatred is understood across various spiritual traditions as a negative emotion that must be transcended for achieving purity and inner peace. In Jainism, it is seen as a hurdle to purity, while in Vaishnavism, it represents the destructive emotions directed towards Krishna by demons. Purana and Yoga categorize it as a quality to surpass during rituals and signify intense dislike, respectively. In Theravada Buddhism, hatred leads to harmful actions and negative karma, making its abandonment essential for spiritual advancement.
Synonyms: Animosity, Aversion, Enmity, Hostility, Resentment
In Finnish: Viha; In Dutch: Hat; In German: Hass; In Spanish: Odio
The below excerpts are indicatory and do represent direct quotations or translations. It is your responsibility to fact check each reference.
Buddhist concept of 'Hatred'
Hatred in Buddhism is viewed as a strong aversion leading to misjudgments, harmful actions, and suffering. It can result in negative karma and undesirable rebirths, while its abandonment is essential for spiritual development.
From: Dhammapada (Illustrated)
(1) The intense dislike or ill will that can lead to negative karma; its abandonment is encouraged for achieving a favorable spiritual status.[1]
From: Vinaya Pitaka (3): Khandhaka
(1) An intense dislike or ill will that can lead monks away from appropriate actions and decisions.[2]
From: A Manual of Abhidhamma
(1) A strong aversion or hostility towards others, often leading to harmful actions.[3]
From: Maha Buddhavamsa鈥擳he Great Chronicle of Buddhas
(1) A strong emotional aversion that contributes to one's suffering and difficulties.[4]
From: Vinaya Pitaka (4): Parivara
(1) A strong aversion or ill-will towards someone, leading to misjudgements and wrongful actions.[5]
From: Maha Prajnaparamita Sastra
(1) A strong emotional response that the Buddha did not feel when attacked by T鈥檌-p鈥檕-to.[6] (2) An emotion that, when predominant, results in rebirth as dangerous creatures like poisonous snakes and scorpions.[7]
Hindu concept of 'Hatred'
In Hinduism, hatred (dvesha) signifies intense dislike or aversion, often related to anger. It's associated with negative emotions, particularly towards deities like Krishna, and must be transcended for achieving inner peace and purity.
From: Manusmriti with the Commentary of Medhatithi
(1) Intense dislike or ill-will, particularly identified as the emotion of anger.[8]
From: Garga Samhita (English)
(1) A negative feeling directed towards someone, in this context referring to the emotions the demons have towards Krishna.[10]
Jain concept of 'Hatred'
In Jainism, Hatred is viewed as a negative emotion that must be eliminated to attain purity and inner peace, emphasizing the importance of overcoming such feelings for spiritual growth and harmony.
From: Uttaradhyayana Sutra
(1) A negative emotion that Bala teaches one should rid oneself of in order to achieve purity and peace.[11]
The concept of Hatred in local and regional sources
Hatred is depicted as a negative emotion that must be eradicated for true civility. The text asserts that overcoming hatred is essential for personal growth and achieving heroic qualities, suggesting a transformative journey towards moral improvement.
From: The Complete Works of Swami Vivekananda
(1) This is a negative emotion that must vanish from one's heart to become truly civilised, and the text states that becoming a hero is required to achieve this.[12] (2) This is the feeling that they look upon us with.[13]