Study on Arohana vs. Sadharana Matra Basti for Gridhrasi management.
Journal name: Ayushdhara
Original article title: A Comparative Clinical Study to Evaluate the Effect of Arohana Krama and Sadharana Krama Matra Basti with Vajigandhadi Taila in the Management of Gridhrasi
AYUSHDHARA is an international peer-reviewed journal. It focuses on research in Ayurveda, Yoga, Unani, Siddha, Homeopathy, Allopathy, and Pharmaceutical Sciences.
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Snehal Vijay Patil
PG Scholar, Department of Panchakarma, Dhanvantari Ayurveda College, Hospital & PG Research Centre Siddapur, Uttara Kannada District, Karnataka.
Kulkarni Ashwini A
HOD & Professor and P.G. Guide, Department of Panchakarma, Dhanvantari Ayurveda College, Hospital & PG Research Centre Siddapur, Uttara Kannada District, Karnataka.
Mahalaxmi K M
Reader, Department of Panchakarma, Dhanvantari Ayurveda College, Hospital & PG Research Centre Siddapur, Uttara Kannada District, Karnataka.
Ratnesh Kumar Dubey
Assistant Professor, Department of Panchakarma, SKAMC, Varanasi, India.
Ayushdhara:
(A peer-reviewed, bi-monthly open-access journal)
Full text available for: A Comparative Clinical Study to Evaluate the Effect of Arohana Krama and Sadharana Krama Matra Basti with Vajigandhadi Taila in the Management of Gridhrasi
Year: 2022 | Doi: 10.47070/ayushdhara.v9i5.1052
Copyright (license): CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
Download the PDF file of the original publication
Summary of article contents:
Introduction
Gridhrasi, often likened to sciatica, is a prevalent condition characterized by significant pain and discomfort affecting the low back and lower limbs. With an alarming prevalence in modern society, particularly among young adults, the condition has detrimental effects on daily activities and productivity. Despite the limited scope of effective treatments available in modern medicine, Ayurveda offers a comprehensive approach to managing Gridhrasi through therapeutic practices, notably the administration of Basti—a unique procedure aimed at cleansing and rejuvenating the body by balancing the doshas, predominantly Vata.
Arohana Krama vs. Sadharana Krama: Treatment Approaches
The study contrasts two techniques of administering Vajigandhadi Taila Matra Basti in the treatment of Gridhrasi: Arohana Krama (progressive administration) and Sadharana Krama (fixed dosage). In the Arohana Krama group, patients began treatment with an initial dose of 24 ml, incrementally increasing the dosage by 6 ml daily over nine days. Conversely, the Sadharana Krama group received a consistent daily dosage of 48 ml for the same duration. The findings indicated that both methods yielded statistically significant pain relief, but the Arohana Krama approach proved to be more effective, enhancing the overall therapeutic outcome in patients suffering from this debilitating condition.
The Role of Vajigandhadi Taila
Vajigandhadi Taila, a medicated oil utilized during Matra Basti, played a pivotal role in alleviating the symptoms of Gridhrasi. This formulation contains a mixture of potent herbs known for their Vata-pacifying and analgesic properties, such as Ashwagandha and Dashamoola. In the study, both treatment groups exhibited notable improvements in pain scores, stiffness, and functional mobility, with the Arohana Krama version showcasing superior results compared to its counterpart. These findings underscore the importance of the drug combination and method of administration in enhancing patient recovery from Vataja Gridhrasi.
Conclusion
The study conclusively demonstrates that Arohana Krama Matra Basti, incorporating Vajigandhadi Taila, significantly alleviates the symptoms associated with Gridhrasi more effectively than the Sadharana Krama method. Given the increasing incidence of this condition in contemporary society, the findings reinforce the therapeutic potential of Ayurvedic practices in managing pain and improving the quality of life for affected individuals. Moreover, with no adverse effects reported during treatment, Matra Basti emerges as a practical and safe intervention, adaptable to the busy lifestyles of patients without necessitating extensive changes to daily routines.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What is the primary condition studied in this research?
The study focuses on Gridhrasi, a condition similar to sciatica, which causes severe low back pain and affecting the lower limbs, significantly impacting functional ability.
What types of Basti were compared in this clinical trial?
The trial compared Arohana Krama Matra Basti and Sadharana Krama Matra Basti, both using Vajigandhadi Taila, to evaluate their effectiveness in treating Gridhrasi.
What were the key findings from the study?
The study found both treatment groups showed significant improvement, with Arohana Krama Matra Basti demonstrating better outcomes in symptom relief compared to Sadharana Krama Matra Basti, particularly in pain and stiffness reduction.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Study on Arohana vs. Sadharana Matra Basti for Gridhrasi management.�. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Basti:
Basti is an Ayurvedic treatment often used for eliminating aggravated doshas and is considered a crucial therapy for managing Vata-related disorders, particularly in Gridhrasi (sciatica). It involves the administration of medicated substances into the rectum.
2) Gridhrasi (Gridhrashi, Grdhrasi):
Gridhrasi is a painful condition mentioned in Ayurveda, comparable to sciatica in modern medicine, characterized by radiating pain from the low back to the lower limbs, hampering normal functions like walking and sitting.
3) Matra:
In the study, Matra refers to a specific measure or dose, particularly used in the context of Matra Basti, where medicated oil is administered in specific dosages to treat Gridhrasi.
4) Matra-basti:
Matra Basti is a form of Basti treatment where fixed, larger doses of medicated oil, such as Vajigandhadi Taila, are administered daily to manage conditions like Gridhrasi.
5) Disease:
Disease in this context refers to Gridhrasi, which involves a painful ailment affecting the lower back and legs, correlated with the modern medical condition known as sciatica.
6) Taila (Thaila):
Taila generally means oil. In the study, Vajigandhadi Taila—a specific medicated oil containing ingredients like Ashwagandha and Bala—was used for treating Gridhrasi via Matra Basti.
7) Vata:
Vata is one of the three Ayurvedic doshas (bio-energies) which, when aggravated, is primarily responsible for causing Gridhrasi, leading to symptoms like pain and stiffness.
8) Pain:
Pain, or Ruja, is the primary symptom of Gridhrasi, causing significant discomfort and functional impairment in affected individuals.
9) Pala:
Pala is a traditional unit of measure in Ayurveda, used to prescribe dosages for treatments like Matra Basti. The doses of Vajigandhadi Taila were often measured in Palas.
10) Sadharana:
Sadharana refers to a regular method where the same dose is consistently given each day, as in Sadharana Krama Matra Basti, where a fixed dose of Vajigandhadi Taila is administered.
11) Spandana (Spamdana):
Spandana indicates a condition characterized by twitching or vibrations within the affected muscles, which is a symptom observed in Gridhrasi.
12) Stambha:
Stambha is a symptom of stiffness that significantly affects the mobility of Gridhrasi patients. It is one of the key assessment criteria in the study.
13) Karma (Karman):
Karma refers to therapeutic actions or treatments in Ayurveda. Basti Karma, particularly Matra Basti, is employed to manage Gridhrasi by rectifying the aggravated Vata dosha.
14) Discussion:
The discussion section of the study elaborates on the observed effects of treatments, the symptoms of the disease, and the Ayurvedic perspective on managing Gridhrasi through various therapies.
15) Nidana:
Nidana refers to the causative factors of a disease. The Nidana for Gridhrasi includes various dietary, lifestyle, and mental factors that lead to the aggravation of Vata dosha.
16) Koshtha (Kostha):
Kostha in Ayurveda refers to the gastrointestinal tract. The type of Kostha (e.g., Krura Kostha) influences the choice and effectiveness of treatments like Basti in managing Gridhrasi.
17) Dosha (Dosa):
Dosha refers to the three fundamental bio-energies in Ayurveda: Vata, Pitta, and Kapha. Gridhrasi is primarily a Vata Vyadhi, but may also involve Kapha, affecting treatment choices.
18) Drug:
Drug in this context refers to Vajigandhadi Taila, a medicated oil used in Matra Basti treatment, containing herbs like Ashwagandha, Bala, and Dashamoola, known for their Vatahara and analgesic properties.
19) Vatavyadhi (Vata-vyadhi):
Vatavyadhi refers to diseases predominantly caused by the aggravation of Vata dosha. Gridhrasi is classified as one of the Vatavyadhis in Ayurvedic texts.
20) Stiffness:
Stiffness, or Stambha, is a significant symptom of Gridhrasi, hindering the movement of affected individuals and assessed for treatment efficacy in the study.
21) Ayurveda (Ayus-veda):
Ayurveda, the ancient Indian system of medicine, emphasizes a holistic approach to health. It provides the theoretical foundation for understanding and treating Gridhrasi, particularly through therapies like Basti.
22) Prakriti (Prakrti):
Prakriti refers to an individual's constitutional type in Ayurveda, determined by the predominance of doshas. For instance, Vata-prakriti individuals are more prone to developing Vata-related disorders like Gridhrasi.
23) Prakopa:
Prakopa refers to the aggravation of doshas. In Gridhrasi, the Prakopa of Vata dosha leads to the manifestation of symptoms like pain and stiffness.
24) Dravya:
Dravya means substance or ingredient. In Basti, the Dravya used, such as Vajigandhadi Taila, contains multiple herbs with specific therapeutic properties targeting the alleviation of Vata dosha.
25) Vyadhin (Vyadhi):
Vyadhi means disease in Ayurveda. Gridhrasi is a Vyadhi characterized by symptoms of pain and stiffness along the sciatica nerve pathway.
26) Kati:
Kati refers to the lower back region in the body, a common site of pain in Gridhrasi, and is a focus area for treatments like Basti.
27) Madhyama:
Madhyama is one of the middle doses of medication in Ayurvedic practice, especially relevant in the context of Ayurveda dosage forms like Matra Basti for managing Gridhrasi.
28) Lakshana (Laksana):
Lakshana means symptoms. The key Lakshanas of Gridhrasi include Ruk (pain), Stambha (stiffness), Spandana (twitching), and Toda (shooting pain).
29) Jangha (Jana-ogha, Jamgha):
Jangha refers to the lower leg. In Gridhrasi, pain that radiates down the leg along the sciatic nerve path often affects the Jangha region.
30) Kapha:
Kapha, one of the three doshas in Ayurveda, when aggravated along with Vata, can contribute to the pathology of Gridhrasi, leading to symptoms like heaviness and stiffness.
31) Asthi (Ashthi):
Asthi means bone in Ayurveda. Gridhrasi affects the nerves and bones along the lower back and legs, and treatments seek to provide relief to these areas.
32) Ahara:
Ahara refers to diet. In the context of Gridhrasi, a diet that aggravates Vata dosha (like frequent intake of dry and cold foods) can worsen the condition.
33) Patil:
Patil refers to Snehal Vijay Patil, one of the authors of the study who contributed to the research on the comparative effects of Arohana Krama and Sadharana Krama Matra Basti in managing Gridhrasi.
34) Diet:
Diet plays a critical role in Ayurveda. Foods that aggravate Vata, such as cold, rough, and dry foods, can exacerbate conditions like Gridhrasi, making dietary management an essential part of treatment.
35) Bastikarman (Bastikarma, Basti-karman, Basti-karma):
Basti-karma is an Ayurvedic enema procedure used to treat Vata-related disorders like Gridhrasi. It involves administering medicated oils or decoctions into the rectum to eliminate doshas.
36) Ashvagandha (Asvagandha, Ashwagandha, Ashvagamdha, Ashva-gandha):
Ashwagandha is an herb used in the formulation of Vajigandhadi Taila. It has Rasayana (rejuvenative) and Vedanasthapana (pain-relieving) properties, making it effective in treating Gridhrasi.
37) Samprapti:
Samprapti refers to the Ayurvedic concept of disease pathogenesis. It involves the sequence of events leading to the manifestation of a disease like Gridhrasi, starting with causative factors and ending in symptoms.
38) Shodhana (Sodhana):
Shodhana means purification therapy. In the context of Ayurvedic treatment for Gridhrasi, Shodhana includes procedures like Basti to cleanse the body of aggravated doshas.
39) Rasayana (Rasa-ayana):
Rasayana means rejuvenation therapy in Ayurveda. Herbs like Ashwagandha in Vajigandhadi Taila have Rasayana properties, promoting overall vitality while treating conditions like Gridhrasi.
40) Samhita:
Samhita refers to classical Ayurvedic texts. References to Matra Basti and its dosages (e.g., Sharangadhara Samhita) guide the treatment of conditions like Gridhrasi.
41) Balya:
Balya refers to herbs that provide strength and nourishment. Ingredients like Bala in Vajigandhadi Taila are Balya, enhancing the treatment's efficacy in conditions like Gridhrasi.
42) Sphik:
Sphik refers to the buttock area. In Gridhrasi, pain often starts in the lower back and radiates down through the Sphik to the leg.
43) Ruja:
Ruja means pain, a cardinal symptom of Gridhrasi, significantly affecting patients' quality of life. Treatments like Matra Basti aim to alleviate Ruja effectively.
44) Bala:
Bala is an herb used in Vajigandhadi Taila. It has Balya (strengthening) and Rasayana (rejuvenative) properties, making it beneficial in treating Vata-related disorders like Gridhrasi.
45) Pada:
Pada refers to the foot or leg. Gridhrasi pain often extends from the lower back down to the Pada, making it crucial to address in treatment.
46) Madhyamakoshtha (Madhyamakostha, Madhyama-koshtha):
Madhyama-kostha refers to a balanced gastrointestinal tract. Understanding a patient's Kostha helps in the effective administration of treatments like Basti for Gridhrasi.
47) Krurakoshtha (Krurakostha, Krura-koshtha):
Krura-kostha refers to a hard or constipated gastrointestinal tract, which is predominantly Vata in nature and relevant in diagnosing and treating disorders like Gridhrasi.
48) Dhanvantari (Dhanvamtari):
Dhanvantari refers to the institution (Dhanvantari Ayurveda College) where the study was conducted, highlighting the academic and clinical research setting.
49) Jyeshtha (Jyestha):
Jyeshtha means the largest or eldest. In the context of Matra Basti, Jyeshtha Matra refers to the largest dose administered in ascending order.
50) Pradhana:
Pradhana refers to the main or principal action in a treatment. In Matra Basti, Pradhana-karma involves the main therapeutic procedures for administering the medicated oil.
51) Vatahara (Vata-ahara):
Vatahara refers to substances or treatments that alleviate Vata dosha. Vajigandhadi Taila, used in the study, contains Vatahara herbs like Ashwagandha and Bala to treat Gridhrasi.
52) Medicine:
Medicine in this context refers to Ayurvedic formulations like Vajigandhadi Taila used therapeutically to manage and treat symptoms of Gridhrasi.
53) Prishtha (Prstha):
Prishtha means back. In Gridhrasi, pain often starts from the lower back or Prishtha and extends down to the legs, making it a focal point for treatment.
54) Madhura:
Madhura means sweet. In Ayurveda, Madhura Dravya are considered nourishing and balancing, often included in therapeutic formulations like Vajigandhadi Taila.
55) Kashaya (Kasaya):
Kashaya is astringent taste in Ayurveda. Kashaya Dravya is often included in medicinal formulations for their constrictive and healing properties.
56) Vedana:
Vedana means pain. Treatments like Matra Basti with Vajigandhadi Taila aim to alleviate Vedana, a major symptom of conditions like Gridhrasi.
57) Ruksha (Ruksa):
Ruksha means dry. Foods and habits that increase Ruksha attribute aggravate Vata dosha, contributing to conditions like Gridhrasi.
58) Vihara:
Vihara refers to lifestyle practices. Vata-aggravating Viharas like excessive exercise and irregular sleep patterns can precipitate conditions like Gridhrasi.
59) Tandra (Tamdra):
Tandra means drowsiness. It is a symptom occasionally seen in Vata-Kaphaja Gridhrasi but not as commonly in Vataja Gridhrasi.
60) Stamba:
Stamba is another term for stiffness, highlighting the rigidity in muscles and joints experienced by patients with Gridhrasi.
61) Nature:
Nature in this context could refer to the inherent characteristics (Prakriti) of the patient or disease. Gridhrasi has a complex nature involving multiple symptoms like pain and stiffness.
62) Sneha:
Sneha generally means oily or unctuous substances. Sneha Basti, using oils like Vajigandhadi Taila, is central to treating Vata-related conditions such as Gridhrasi.
63) Laghu:
Laghu means light. Foods and activities that are Laghu in nature can mitigate Vata aggravation, thus influencing the management of Gridhrasi.
64) Tikta:
Tikta means bitter. Tikta Dravya is used in Ayurvedic treatments for its cleansing and anti-inflammatory properties, relevant in managing disorders like Gridhrasi.
65) Krura:
Krura means hard or harsh. In the context of Kostha, Krura-kostha indicates a predominantly Vata condition, affecting Gridhrasi management.
66) Majja:
Majja means marrow. Gridhrasi's pain often involves the nerves and bones (Asthi and Majja), necessitating treatments that address these tissues.
67) Purva:
Purva means previous. In Ayurveda, Purvakarma refers to preparatory procedures, such as Abhyanga (oil massage), before the main treatment (Pradhana Karma) like Basti.
68) Guru:
Guru means heavy. Foods and behaviors that are Guru aggravate Kapha and Vata, contributing to conditions like Gridhrasi.
69) Katu:
Katu means pungent. Katu Dravya is used for its warming and stimulating properties, relevant in balancing doshas in conditions like Gridhrasi.
70) Janu:
Janu refers to the knee. In Gridhrasi, pain may radiate down to the Janu from the lower back, necessitating treatments that address the entire nerve pathway.
71) Guna:
Guna refers to qualities in Ayurveda like hot, cold, heavy, light, etc. Understanding the Guna of substances helps in selecting appropriate treatments for conditions like Gridhrasi.
72) Alpa:
Alpa means small or little, often referring to the dose or quantity of a substance. Alpa Ahara (light diet) is recommended to manage Vata aggravation in Gridhrasi.
73) Saindhavalavana (Saindhava-lavana, Saimdhavalavana):
Saindhava-lavana is rock salt, used in combination with medicated oils in Basti treatments to enhance the absorption and effectiveness of therapies like Matra Basti in Gridhrasi.
74) Vedanasthapana (Vedana-sthapana):
Vedana-sthapana refers to pain-relieving actions of certain herbs. Vajigandhadi Taila used in the study contains Vedana-sthapana herbs like Ashwagandha and Bala to treat Gridhrasi.
75) Anuvasanabasti (Anuvasana-basti):
Anuvasana-basti is a form of Sneha Basti (oil enema) used for nourishing and strengthening bodily tissues, particularly effective for Vata disorders like Gridhrasi.
[Note: The above list is limited to 75. Total glossary definitions available: 153]
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