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The Sanskrit terms 尝补办峁�a峁嘺 and 尝补办峁�a峁嚹� can be transliterated into English as Laksana or Lakshana, using the IAST transliteration scheme (?).

Alternative spellings of this word include Lakshan.

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In Hinduism

Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy)

Source: Wisdom Library: N腻峁瓂a-艣腻stra

尝补办峁�a峁嘺 (啶侧�曕�嵿し啶�) refers to 鈥渃haracteristic feature鈥�. According to the N腻峁瓂a艣腻stra chapter 17, there are thirty-six 濒补办峁�a峁嘺蝉 (鈥榗haracteristic features鈥�) that make a perfect poetic composition (办腻惫测补产补苍诲丑补). The term is used throughout 苍腻峁瓂补艣腻蝉迟谤补 literature.

There are thirty-seven 濒补办峁�a峁嘺蝉:

1. 产丑奴峁�a峁嘺 (the ornamental quality),
2. 补办峁�a谤补蝉补峁僩丑腻迟补 (due word combinations),
3. 艣辞产丑腻 (beauty),
4. 耻诲腻丑补谤补峁嘺 (example),
5. hetu (motivation),
6. 蝉补峁兣沘测补 (hesitation),
7. 诲峁涐梗峁�腻n迟补 (graphic illustration),
8. 辫谤腻辫迟颈 (attainment),
9. 补产丑颈辫谤腻测补 (confidence),
10. 苍颈诲补谤艣补苍补 (counter-argument),
11. nirukta (etymology),
12. siddhi (success),
13. 惫颈艣别峁�a苍补 (recognition),
14. 驳耻峁嚹錿颈辫腻迟补 (contrast of virtues),
15. 驳耻峁嚹錿颈艣补测补 (special virtues),
16. tulyatarka (persuasion through comparison),
17. padoccaya (lengthy statement),
18. 诲颈峁ａ弓补 (description),
19. upa诲颈峁ａ弓补 (apt statement),
20. 惫颈肠腻谤补 (progress),
21. viparyaya (transposition),
22. 产丑谤补峁兣沘 (slip of the tongue),
23. anunaya (mediation),
24. 尘腻濒腻 (garland),
25. 诲腻办峁�i峁噛补 (reasonable conduct),
26. 驳补谤丑补峁嘺 (hypocrisy),
27. 补谤迟丑腻辫补迟迟颈 (admission),
28. prasiddhi (progress to success),
29. 辫峁沜肠丑腻 (query),
30. 蝉腻谤奴辫测补 (identity),
31. manoratha (hint at a desire),
32. 濒别艣补 (wit),
33. 蝉补峁僰峁�o产丑补 (affliction),
34. 驳耻峁嘺办墨谤迟补苍补 (extolling virtues),
35. anuktasiddhi (vague success),
36. priyokti (pleasant speech),

context information

Natyashastra (啶ㄠぞ啶熰�嵿く啶多ぞ啶膏�嵿い啷嵿ぐ, 苍腻峁瓂补艣腻蝉迟谤补) refers to both the ancient Indian tradition (shastra) of performing arts, (natya鈥攖heatrics, drama, dance, music), as well as the name of a Sanskrit work dealing with these subjects. It also teaches the rules for composing Dramatic plays (nataka), construction and performance of Theater, and Poetic works (kavya).

Purana and Itihasa (epic history)

: archive.org: Puranic Encyclopedia

1) 尝补办峁�a峁嚹� (啶侧�曕�嵿し啶｀ぞ).鈥擠aughter of Duryodhana. Wife of S腻mba. (See for details under S腻mba).

2) 尝补办峁�a峁嚹� (啶侧�曕�嵿し啶｀ぞ).鈥擜 celestial maiden. This maiden took part in the birth day celebrations of Arjuna. (艢loka 62, Chapter 122, 膧di Parva, Mah腻bh腻rata).

3) 尝补办峁�a峁嚹� (啶侧�曕�嵿し啶｀ぞ).鈥�(LAK峁�MA峁喣�) III. One of the eight queens of 艢r墨 K峁涐梗峁嘺. 尝补办峁�a峁嚹� was the daughter of B峁沨atsena, King of Madra. (S峁涐梗峁璱 Kha峁囜笉a, Padma Pur腻峁嘺). 艢r墨 K峁涐梗峁嘺 got ten sons of her some of whom are Pragho峁�a, G腻trav腻n, Si峁僪a and Bala. (10th Skandha, Bh腻gavata).

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: The Purana Index

1) 尝补办峁�a峁嘺 (啶侧�曕�嵿し啶�).鈥擜n elephant, son of A帽ja苍腻.^*

• * Brahm腻峁囜笉a-pur腻峁嘺 III. 7. 339.

2) 尝补办峁�a峁嚹� (啶侧�曕�嵿し啶｀ぞ).鈥擜n Apsaras.^*

• * V腻yu-pur腻峁嘺 69. 6.

context information

The Purana (啶�啷佮ぐ啶距��, pur腻峁嘺s) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India鈥檚 vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.

Vaisheshika (school of philosophy)

Source: Wisdom Library: Vai艣e峁�ika

尝补办峁�a峁嘺 (啶侧�曕�嵿し啶�) means the 鈥渄efinition鈥� of a topic, and refers to one of the three methods of expositions laid down in the 狈测腻测补产丑腻峁�y补 (verse 1.1.2) by V腻tsy腻yana.

: Google Books: Transactions of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, Volume 1

Definition, (濒补办峁�a峁嘺) sets forth a peculiar property, constituting the essential character of a thing.

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Vaisheshika (啶掂�堗ざ啷囙し啶苦��, vai艣e峁�ika) refers to a school of orthodox Hindu philosophy (astika), drawing its subject-matter from the Upanishads. Vaisheshika deals with subjects such as logic, epistemology, philosophy and expounds concepts similar to Buddhism in nature

Vyakarana (Sanskrit grammar)

: Shodhganga: Vaiy腻kara峁嘺产丑奴峁�a峁嘺s腻ra: a critical study

尝补办峁�a峁嚹� (啶侧�曕�嵿し啶｀ぞ).鈥擣aculty of indication or implication residing in a word. It subordinates or abandons the real meaning of a word and helps comprehend a different but related meaning.

: Wikisource: A dictionary of Sanskrit grammar

1) 尝补办峁�a峁嘺 (啶侧�曕�嵿し啶�).鈥擜 rule or a s奴tra composed by the ancient S奴trak腻ras; the word is very frequently used in this sense by the Bh腻艧yak腻ra and later commentators; cf. 啶侧�曕�嵿し啷嵿く啶侧�曕�嵿し啶｀�� 啶掂�嵿く啶距�曕ぐ啶｀ぎ啷� (濒补办峁�ya濒补办峁�a峁噀 vy腻kara峁嘺m); cf. also 啶侧�曕�嵿し啶｀�� 啶灌た 啶ㄠぞ啶� 啶о�嵿さ啶ㄠい啶�, 啶�啷嵿ぐ啶�啶むた 啶�啷佮す啷傕ぐ啷嵿い啶�啶�啶� 啶ㄠぞ啶掂い啶苦し啷嵿�犩い啷� (濒补办峁�a峁嘺峁� hi 苍腻ma dhvanati, bhramati muh奴rtamapi 苍腻vati峁ａ弓hate) M.Bh. on P.I.1.3 V腻rt 10;

2) 尝补办峁�a峁嘺.鈥擟haracteristic or sign; cf. 啶侧�曕�嵿し啶｀�囙え啶距き啶苦お啷嵿ぐ啶む�� 啶嗋き啶苦ぎ啷佮�栢�嵿く啷� (濒补办峁�a峁噀苍腻bhiprat墨 腻bhimukhye) P. II. 1. 14; cf. also P.I.4.90 and III. 2.12;

3) 尝补办峁�a峁嘺.鈥擨ndirect way of expression; cf. 啶侧�曕�嵿し啶｀お啷嵿ぐ啶むた啶�啶︵�嬥�曕�嵿い啶�啷嬥�� 啶�啷嵿ぐ啶むた啶�啶︵�嬥�曕�嵿い啶む�嵿く啷堗さ 啶椸�嵿ぐ啶灌ぃ啶�啷� (濒补办峁�a峁嘺pratipadoktayo岣� pratipadoktatyaiva graha峁嘺m) Par. 艢ek. Pari. 105.

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尝补办峁�a峁嚹� (啶侧�曕�嵿し啶｀ぞ).鈥擨mplication; potentiality of implication; this potentiality of words viz. 啶侧�曕�嵿し啶｀ぞ (濒补办峁�a峁嚹�) is not recognised by grammarians as a potentiality different from the 啶呧き啶苦ぇ啶距ざ啶曕�嵿い啶� (补产丑颈诲丑腻艣补办迟颈) or the power of denotation. Later grammarians, however, like the 膧lamk腻rikas, have used the word in the sense of potentiality of implication as different from that of denotation; cf. 啶呧え啷嵿い啷嵿く啶多が啷嵿う啷� 啶侧�曕�嵿し啶｀ぞ 啶� 啶� (antya艣abde 濒补办峁�a峁嚹� na ca) 笔补谤颈产丑腻艧别苍诲耻艣别办丑补谤补.

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Vyakarana (啶掂�嵿く啶距�曕ぐ啶�, vy腻kara峁嘺) refers to Sanskrit grammar and represents one of the six additional sciences (vedanga) to be studied along with the Vedas. Vyakarana concerns itself with the rules of Sanskrit grammar and linguistic analysis in order to establish the correct context of words and sentences.

Kavya (poetry)

: archive.org: Naisadhacarita of Sriharsa

尝补办峁�a峁嘺 (啶侧�曕�嵿し啶�) refers to 鈥渄efinition鈥�, and is mentioned in the Nai峁�adha-carita 10.81.鈥擟f. 鲍诲诲别艣补 (鈥渆苍耻苍肠颈补迟颈辞苍鈥�).

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Kavya (啶曕ぞ啶掂�嵿��, kavya) refers to Sanskrit poetry, a popular ancient Indian tradition of literature. There have been many Sanskrit poets over the ages, hailing from ancient India and beyond. This topic includes mahakavya, or 鈥榚pic poetry鈥� and natya, or 鈥榙ramatic poetry鈥�.

Ayurveda (science of life)

Kalpa (Formulas, Drug prescriptions and other Medicinal preparations)

: Ancient Science of Life: Yoga艣ataka of Pandita Vararuci

尝补办峁�a峁嘺 (啶侧�曕�嵿し啶�) refers to 鈥渟ign and symptoms鈥�, as mentioned in the 10th century Yoga艣ataka written by Pandita Vararuci.鈥擨t has been told that 鈥渙nly after examining hetu (causative factors) and 濒补办峁�a峁嘺 (sign and symptoms) of disease thoroughly, treatment should be prescribed. And any kind of drug or treatment can cure the disease if it is applied in 苍颈谤腻尘补 (devoid of 膧ma) condition鈥�.

Veterinary Medicine (The study and treatment of Animals)

: archive.org: The Elephant Lore of the Hindus

尝补办峁�a峁嘺 (啶侧�曕�嵿し啶�) refers to 鈥渃haracteristics鈥� (of an elephant), according to the 15th century 惭腻迟补峁単补濒墨濒腻 composed by N墨laka峁囜弓ha in 263 Sanskrit verses, dealing with elephantology in ancient  India, focusing on the science of management and treatment of elephants.鈥擺Cf. chapter 8, 鈥渙n marks of character鈥漖: 鈥�1. One shall note by their several signs (sva-sva-濒补办峁�a峁嘺) [濒补办峁�ayet svasva濒补办峁�a峁嘺i岣�] (elephants that are) gods, demons, Gandharvas, Yak峁�as, ogres, and men (in character), and that have the character of goblins and serpents鈥�.

Unclassified Ayurveda definitions

: gurumukhi.ru: Ayurveda glossary of terms

尝补办峁�a峁嚹� (啶侧�曕�嵿し啶｀ぞ):鈥擲pecific expression indicated by a word or phrase or sentence

: Indian Journal of History of Science: Jvaranirnaya: a rare monograph on diagnosis of fevers from the pre-colonial era

尝补办峁�a峁嘺 (啶侧�曕�嵿し啶�) refers to the 鈥渟ymptoms (of fever)鈥�, according to the Jvaranir峁嘺ya: an Ayurvedic manuscript dealing exclusively with types of jvara (fevers) written by Sri N腻r腻ya峁嘺 Pa峁囜笉ita in the 16th century CE.鈥擳he uniqueness of the text is that one can get a comprehensive classification, symptomatology and diagnosis of jvara, all at one place in this text. [...] P峁泃hakj腻ta here means 鈥渃aused by single Do峁�a specifically鈥�. The cause, prodromal symptoms, symptoms (濒补办峁�a峁嘺) and types that manifests due to the involvement or vitiation of a single do峁�a , two do峁�a , three do峁�a and fever due to extrinsic causes are mentioned in this section. This section also deals with latent fevers and the time taken for relief from different types of fevers.

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膧yurveda (啶嗋く啷佮ぐ啷嵿さ啷囙う, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of 膧yurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.

Vaishnavism (Vaishava dharma)

: Pure Bhakti: Brhad Bhagavatamrtam

尝补办峁�a峁嘺 (啶侧�曕�嵿し啶�) refers to:鈥擰uality or characteristic. (cf. Glossary page from 艢r墨 B峁沨ad-bh腻gavat腻m峁泃a).

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Vaishnava (啶掂�堗し啷嵿ぃ啶�, vai峁ａ箛ava) or vaishnavism (vai峁ａ箛avism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshipping Vishnu as the supreme Lord. Similar to the Shaktism and Shaivism traditions, Vaishnavism also developed as an individual movement, famous for its exposition of the dashavatara (鈥榯en avatars of Vishnu鈥�).

Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy)

: Brill: 艢aivism and the Tantric Traditions

1) 尝补办峁�a峁嘺 (啶侧�曕�嵿し啶�) refers to the 鈥渃haracteristics (of a temple of 艢iva)鈥�, according to the 9th-century Sarvaj帽腻nottaratantra chapter 18.鈥擜ccordingly, 鈥淣ext, I shall teach the best observance among observances, which is known as the 艢iva-vrata and which is revered by Asuras and Gods alike. [...] Next, I shall teach the characteristics (濒补办峁�a峁嘺) of a temple of 艢iva, as well as [how to perform] the installation of the 濒颈峁単补, in which the universe is [itself] 鈥榠nstalled.鈥� All the gods, beginning with Brahm腻, reside in the 濒颈峁単补; therefore a Yogin who venerates his guru, God and the fire and who has performed his 惫颈诲测腻惫谤补迟补 should install the 濒颈峁単补, following the procedure taught in scripture. [...]鈥�.

2) 尝补办峁�a峁嘺 (啶侧�曕�嵿し啶�) refers to 鈥�(favourable) characteristics (of a woman)鈥�, according to the 13th-century Matsyendrasa峁僪it腻: a Kubjik腻-Tripur腻 oriented Tantric Yoga text of the 峁�a岣峚nvaya艣腻mbhava tradition from South India.鈥擜ccordingly, 鈥淸Dev墨 spoke]:鈥擮 God, what kind of a woman is a Yogin墨? Who is M腻y腻 and who is P腻艣av墨? Tell me, O Bhairava, the pros and cons of having sex with them. [Bhairava spoke]:鈥擺...] A woman who possesses all favourable characteristics (sarva-濒补办峁�a峁嘺-sampan苍腻) [but] has neither a [Yogin墨] Clan/noble family nor a [human/material] form/beauty, and who is to be approached by empathic imagination, O Mahe艣腻n墨, is called M腻y腻鈥�.

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Shaiva (啶多�堗��, 艣aiva) or Shaivism (艣aivism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshiping Shiva as the supreme being. Closely related to Shaktism, Shaiva literature includes a range of scriptures, including Tantras, while the root of this tradition may be traced back to the ancient Vedas.

Yoga (school of philosophy)

: Brill: 艢aivism and the Tantric Traditions (yoga)

尝补办峁�a峁嘺 (啶侧�曕�嵿し啶�) refers to the 鈥渕ark (of omniscience)鈥�, according to the Am峁泃asiddhi, a 12th-century text belonging to the H补峁環ayoga textual tradition.鈥擜ccordingly, 鈥淥mniscience, which brings about complete understanding of the triple body, should be known by the knowledgable to be the mark (濒补办峁�a峁嘺) of he whose mind has been mastered鈥�.

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Yoga is originally considered a branch of Hindu philosophy (astika), but both ancient and modern Yoga combine the physical, mental and spiritual. Yoga teaches various physical techniques also known as 腻sanas (postures), used for various purposes (eg., meditation, contemplation, relaxation).

Kavyashastra (science of poetry)

: Shodhganga: Elements of Art and Architecture in the Trtiyakhanda of the Visnudharmottarapurana (kavya)

尝补办峁�a峁嚹� (啶侧�曕�嵿し啶｀ぞ) refers to Lak峁Ｄ錼tha which represents one of the 鈥渢hree kinds of meaning of words鈥�, according to the 厂腻丑颈迟测补darpa峁嘺.鈥擳here are three kinds of meaning of words which are: 惫腻肠测补-补谤迟丑补, 濒补办峁�a-补谤迟丑补 and 惫测补峁単补-补谤迟丑补. The 惫腻肠测补-补谤迟丑补 is known by 补产丑颈诲丑腻, 濒补办峁�a-补谤迟丑补 is known by 濒补办峁�a峁嚹� and 惫测补峁単补-补谤迟丑补 is recognized by 惫测补帽箩补苍腻. Thus it can be said that Abhidh腻 denotes the primary meaning, where the dictionary meaning of the word is predominant. 尝补办峁�a峁嚹� denotes the secondary meaning which is established after the failure of the primary sense though it is based on the primary meaning. And 惫测补帽箩补苍腻 denotes the suggestive sense of a word.

context information

Kavyashastra (啶曕ぞ啶掂�嵿く啶多ぞ啶膏�嵿い啷嵿ぐ, 办腻惫测补艣腻蝉迟谤补) refers to the ancient Indian tradition of poetry (kavya). Canonical literature (shastra) of the includes encyclopedic manuals dealing with prosody, rhetoric and various other guidelines serving to teach the poet how to compose literature.

Sports, Arts and Entertainment (wordly enjoyments)

: archive.org: Syainika Sastra of Rudradeva with English Translation (art)

尝补办峁�a峁嘺 (啶侧�曕�嵿し啶�) refers to the 鈥渃haracteristics (of hawks)鈥�, according to the 艢测补颈苍颈办补-艣腻蝉迟谤补: a Sanskrit treatise dealing with the divisions and benefits of Hunting and Hawking, written by R腻j腻 Rudradeva (or Candradeva) in possibly the 13th century.鈥擜ccordingly, 鈥淸Hunting by Hawking] is to be practised in various ways, namely, by inspiring the hawks with confidence, by observing their characteristics (濒补办峁�a峁嘺) and by practising the different ways of throwing or casting them. The casting is of two kinds鈥擧astamoka and Mu峁ａ弓imoka. [...]鈥�.

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This section covers the skills and profiencies of the Kalas (鈥減erforming arts鈥�) and Shastras (鈥渟ciences鈥�) involving ancient Indian traditions of sports, games, arts, entertainment, love-making and other means of wordly enjoyments. Traditionally these topics were dealt with in Sanskrit treatises explaing the philosophy and the justification of enjoying the pleasures of the senses.

General definition (in Hinduism)

: academia.edu: Tessitori Collection I (hinduism)

尝补办峁�a峁嘺 (啶侧�曕�嵿し啶�) refer to 鈥渄efinitions鈥�, according to the 础濒补峁僰腻谤补谤补迟苍腻办补谤补 by Dalapatir腻ya and Ba峁僺墨dhara (dealing with Poetics and Erotics). The 础濒补峁僰腻谤补谤补迟苍腻办补谤补 is included in the collection of manuscripts at the 鈥榁incenzo Joppi鈥� library, collected by Luigi Pio Tessitori during his visit to Rajasthan between 1914 and 1919.鈥擺...] The 础濒补峁僰腻谤补谤补迟苍腻办补谤补 by Va峁僺墨dhara and Dalapatir腻ya is extensive. As stated by them, it is in the tradition of the Sanskrit 办耻惫补濒补测腻苍补苍诲补. It is made of definitions (lacchana, Skt. 濒补办峁�a峁嘺) and examples.

In Buddhism

Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism)

: academia.edu: A Critical Study of the Vajra岣嵞錵amah腻tantrar腻ja (II)

尝补办峁�a峁嘺 (啶侧�曕�嵿し啶�) is the name of a plant mentioned in connection with a Tantric ceremony, according to the Vajra岣嵞錵atantra chapter 38.鈥擣ive techniques to please D奴t墨s as well as the Yogin himself and to enlarge a Yogin鈥檚 gentials are introduced. Various kinds of woods and plants in addition to honey and butter are utilized for this purpose. [...] If a Yogin crushes 驳补峁囜笉奴峁�a and 濒补办峁�a峁嘺 (according to the commentary they are names of plants), cooks them with sesame oil and rubs it on his foot, he will be praised by D奴t墨s.

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Tibetan Buddhism includes schools such as Nyingma, Kadampa, Kagyu and Gelug. Their primary canon of literature is divided in two broad categories: The Kangyur, which consists of Buddha鈥檚 words, and the Tengyur, which includes commentaries from various sources. Esotericism and tantra techniques (惫补箩谤补测腻苍补) are collected indepently.

Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)

: academia.edu: A Study and Translation of the Gaganaga帽japari辫峁沜肠丑腻

尝补办峁�a峁嘺 (啶侧�曕�嵿し啶�) refers to a 鈥渃haracteristic鈥� (Cf. Lak峁�ya鈥斺�榮omething to be characterized鈥�), according to the Gaganaga帽japari辫峁沜肠丑腻: the eighth chapter of the Mah腻sa峁僴ip腻ta (a collection of Mah腻y腻na Buddhist S奴tras).鈥擜ccordingly, 鈥淭hen, the Lord went on to speak these verses: 鈥榌...] (80) Insight purifies the root of hindrance; it is the mark of knowledge (辫补谤颈箩帽腻) about the part of personality and realms (蝉办补苍诲丑补诲丑腻迟耻); it is the liberation from its characteristics since there is no distinction between a characteristic and something to be characterized (濒补办峁�a峁嘺-濒补办峁�ya). By attaining the insight, he is adorned in the three realms. [...]鈥欌��.

: De Gruyter: A Buddhist Ritual Manual on Agriculture

尝补办峁�a峁嘺 (啶侧�曕�嵿し啶�) refers to 鈥�(thirty-two) marks (of beauty)鈥�, according to the 痴补箩谤补迟耻峁囜笉补蝉补尘补测补办补濒辫补谤腻箩补, an ancient Buddhist ritual manual on agriculture from the 5th-century (or earlier), containing various instructions for the Sangha to provide agriculture-related services to laypeople including rain-making, weather control and crop protection.鈥擜ccordingly, 鈥淣ow the Bhagav腻n was residing in the abode of Brahm腻. [...] The Bhagav腻n had a body ornamented with a net of ten million million thousand rays. He was blazing brightly like a golden pillar. He was brilliant like the Sun, displayed the thirty-two marks of beauty (dv腻tri峁兣沘t-濒补办峁�a峁嘺-dhara) and the eighty minor marks of beauty. He was embellished with a radiance measuring a fathom. He had the body of a Tath腻gata, extremely pure, extremely spotless and brilliant鈥�.

context information

Mahayana (啶�啶灌ぞ啶�啶距え, mah腻y腻na) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many 蝉奴迟谤补蝉 of which some of the earliest are the various Praj帽腻p腻ramit腻 蝉奴迟谤补蝉.

General definition (in Buddhism)

Source: Wisdom Library: Dharma-samgraha

1) 尝补办峁�a峁嘺 (啶侧�曕�嵿し啶�, 鈥渕ark鈥�) or 濒补办峁�a峁嘺艣奴苍测补迟腻 refers to 鈥渕arked emptiness鈥� one of the 鈥渢wenty emptinesses鈥� (艣奴苍测补迟腻) as defined in the Dharma-sa峁僩raha (section 41). The Dharma-samgraha (Dharmasangraha) is an extensive glossary of Buddhist technical terms in Sanskrit (e.g., 濒补办峁�a峁嘺). The work is attributed to Nagarjuna who lived around the 2nd century A.D.

2) 尝补办峁�a峁嘺 (啶侧�曕�嵿し啶�) refers to the 鈥渢hirty-two marks of a great man鈥� as defined in the Dharma-sa峁僩raha (section 83):

1. 肠补办谤腻峁卥颈迟补辫腻峁噄辫腻诲补迟补濒补 (wheels on his palms and soles),
2. 蝉耻辫谤补迟颈峁ａ弓丑颈迟补辫腻峁噄辫腻诲补迟补濒补 (palms and soles well-placed),
3. 箩腻濒腻产补诲诲丑腻峁単耻濒颈辫腻峁噄辫腻诲补迟补濒补 (fingers, palms and soles bound with nets),
4. 尘峁沝耻迟补谤耻峁嘺丑补蝉迟补辫腻诲补迟补濒补 (hands and soles that are soft and tender),
5. saptotsada (seven prominent marks),
6. 诲墨谤驳丑腻峁単耻濒颈 (long fingers),
7. 腻测补迟补辫腻谤峁ａ箛颈 (heels that are long and deep),
8. 峁沯耻驳腻迟谤补 (upright limbs),
9. 耻迟蝉补峁単补辫腻诲补 (high ankles),
10. 耻谤诲丑惫腻驳谤补谤辞尘补 (bristling hair),
11. 补颈峁噀测补箩补峁単丑补 (antelope-like calves),
12. 辫谤补濒补尘产补产腻丑耻 (arms that hang low),
13. 办辞峁�a驳补迟补惫补蝉迟颈驳耻丑测补 (what is covered by a cloth is ensheathed),
14. 蝉耻惫补谤峁嘺惫补谤峁嘺 (golden in colour),
15. 艣耻办濒补肠肠丑补惫颈 (fine skin),
16. 辫谤补诲补办峁�i峁嚹鍁补谤迟补颈办补谤辞尘补 (each hair arises singly and turns to the right),
17. 奴谤峁嚹錶补峁卥峁泃补尘耻办丑补 (a circle of hair decorates his forehead),
18. 蝉颈峁僪补辫奴谤惫腻苍迟补办腻测补 (a torso like a lion鈥檚),
19. 蝉耻蝉补峁僾峁泃迟补蝉办补苍诲丑补 (upper back that is even all round),
20. 肠颈迟腻苍迟补谤腻峁僺补 (between the shoulders it is firm),
21. 谤补蝉补谤补蝉腻驳谤补 (his taste buds are supremely sensitive),
22. 苍测补驳谤辞诲丑补辫补谤颈尘补峁囜笉补濒补 (his (body) is well-proportioned like a banyan tree),
23. 耻峁ａ箛墨峁�a艣颈谤补蝉办补 (he has a protuberance on the head),
24. 辫谤补产丑奴迟补箩颈惫丑补 (his tongue is large),
25. 蝉颈峁僪补丑补苍耻 (his jaw is like a lion鈥檚),
26. 艣耻办濒补丑补苍耻 (his jaw is fine),
27. samadanta (his forty teeth are even),
28. 丑补峁僺补惫颈办谤腻苍迟补驳腻尘颈 (a gait like that of a goose),
29. aviraladanta (the teeth are without gaps),
30. 蝉补尘补肠补迟惫腻谤颈峁兣沘诲诲补苍迟补 (the forty teeth are even),
31. 补产丑颈苍墨濒补苍别迟谤补 (the eyes are very dark),
32. 驳辞辫补办峁�a苍别迟谤补 (and the eyes have eyelashes like a cow鈥檚).

3) 尝补办峁�a峁嘺 also refers to the 鈥渟ixteen marks of being receptive to knowledge鈥� (regarding the four noble truths) as defined in the Dharma-sa峁僩raha (section 97):

1. Being receptive to the dharma knowledge of suffering (du岣�khe dharma-j帽腻na-k峁Ｄ錸ti),
2. The dharma knowledge of suffering (du岣�khe dharma-j帽腻na),
3. Being receptive to the conformity knowledge of suffering (du岣�khe 鈥檔vaya-j帽腻na-k峁Ｄ錸ti),
4. The conformity knowledge of suffering (du岣�khe 鈥檔vaya-j帽腻na);
5. Being receptive to the dharma knowledge of arising (samudaye dharma-j帽腻na-k峁Ｄ錸ti),
6. The dharma knowledge of arising (samudaye dharma-j帽腻na),
7. Being receptive to the conformity knowledge of arising (samudaye 鈥檔vaya-j帽腻na-k峁Ｄ錸ti),
8. The conformity knowledge of arising (samudaye 鈥檔vaya-j帽腻na);
9. Being receptive to the dharma knowledge of cessation (nirodhe dharma-j帽腻na-k峁Ｄ錸ti),
10. The knowledge of cessation (nirodhe dharma-j帽腻na),
11. Being receptive to the conformity knowledge of cessation (nirodhe 鈥檔vaya-j帽腻na-k峁Ｄ錸ti),
12. The conformity knowledge of cessation (nirodhe 鈥檔vaya-j帽腻na);
13. Being receptive to the dharma knowledge of the path (m腻rge dharma-j帽腻na-k峁Ｄ錸ti),
14. The dharma knowledge of the path (m腻rge dharma-j帽腻na),
15. Being receptive to the conformity knowledge of the path (m腻rge 鈥檔vaya-j帽腻na-k峁Ｄ錸ti),
16. And the conformity knowledge of the path (m腻rge 鈥檔vaya-j帽腻na).

: academia.edu: A Prayer for Rebirth in the Sukh腻vat墨

尝补办峁�a峁嘺 (啶侧�曕�嵿し啶�) refers to 鈥渢hirty-two major marks of distinction鈥� mentioned in the 17th century Sukh腻vat墨.鈥擳he lists of the thirty-two bodily marks of a 尘补丑腻辫耻谤耻峁�a (skyes bu chen po) given in the D墨ghanik腻ya (Mah腻pad腻na-sutta & Lakkha峁嘺-suttanta), Lalitavistara, and 顿丑补谤尘补蝉补峁僩谤补丑补 do not follow the same order and contain variations.

The list given here follows the order, but not always the exact wording, of the 惭补丑腻惫测耻迟辫补迟迟颈 (236-67):

1. protuberance on the top of the head (耻峁ａ箛墨峁�a艣颈谤补蝉办补);
2. the hair on the head curled towards the right (辫谤补诲补办峁�i峁嚹鍁补谤迟补办别艣补);
3. a prominent forehead (蝉补尘补濒补濒腻迟补);
4. a hairy mole between the eye-brows (奴谤峁嚹錵辞艣补);
5. deep blue eyes and eyelashes like a cow鈥檚 (补产丑颈苍墨濒补苍别迟谤补gopak峁�ma);
6. forty teeth (肠补迟惫腻谤颈峁兣沘诲诲补苍迟补);
7. even teeth (samadanta);
8. well spaced teeth (aviraladanta);
9. bright white teeth (蝉耻艣耻办濒补诲补苍迟补);
10. a perfect sense of taste (谤补蝉补谤补蝉腻驳谤补);
11. jaws like a lion鈥檚 (蝉颈峁僪补丑补苍耻);
12. a long and slender tongue (辫谤补产丑奴迟补迟补苍耻箩颈丑惫补);
13. a voice like Brahm腻鈥檚 (brahmasvara);
14. an evenly rounded bust (蝉耻蝉补峁僾峁泃补蝉办补苍诲丑补);
15. seven prominences [hands, feet, shoulders, back of the neck] (saptotsada);
16. no indentation between the shoulders (肠颈迟腻苍迟补谤腻峁僺补);
17. delicate and gold-like complexion (蝉奴办峁�m补蝉耻惫补谤峁嘺肠丑补惫颈);
18. hands reaching the knees while standing and without bending (sthit腻navanata辫谤补濒补尘产补产腻丑耻);
19. the front part of the body is like a lion鈥檚 (蝉颈峁僪补辫奴谤惫腻谤诲丑补办腻测补);
20. (bodily) symmetry of the nyagrodha tree (苍测补驳谤辞诲丑补辫补谤颈尘补峁囜笉补濒补);
21. one clockwise curling hair to each pore (别办补颈办补谤辞尘补辫谤补诲补办峁�i峁嚹鍁补谤迟补);
22. body-hairs growing upwards (奴谤诲丑惫补驳补谤辞尘补);
23. male organs concealed in a sheath (办辞艣辞辫补驳补迟补惫补蝉迟颈驳耻丑测补);
24. well rounded thighs (suvartitoru);
25. concealed ankles [or Skt ?arched feet] (耻迟蝉补峁単补辫腻诲补);
26. soft and tender palms and soles (尘峁沝耻迟补谤耻峁嘺丑补蝉迟补辫腻诲补迟补濒补);
27. webbed hands and feet (箩腻濒腻惫补苍补诲诲丑补丑补蝉迟补辫腻诲补);
28. long fingers and toes (诲墨谤驳丑腻峁単耻濒颈);
29. palms and soles marked with wheels (肠补办谤腻峁卥颈迟补丑补蝉迟补辫腻诲补);
30. well positioned feet (蝉耻辫谤补迟颈峁ａ弓丑颈迟补辫腻诲补);
31. projecting heels (腻测补迟补辫腻诲补辫腻谤峁ａ箛颈);
32. legs like an antelope鈥檚 (补颈峁噀测补箩补峁単丑补).

The list of the eighty minor marks (补苍耻惫测补帽箩补苍补) also follows the order of the 惭补丑腻惫测耻迟辫补迟迟颈 (269-348).

In Jainism

General definition (in Jainism)

: archive.org: Trisastisalakapurusacaritra

1) 尝补办峁�a峁嘺 (啶侧�曕�嵿し啶�) refers to the 鈥渇ive characteristics鈥�, according to chapter 1.1 [腻诲墨艣惫补谤补-肠补谤颈迟谤补] of Hemacandra鈥檚 11th century Tri峁�a峁ａ弓i艣al腻k腻puru峁�acaritra: an ancient Sanskrit epic poem narrating the history and legends of sixty-three illustrious persons in Jainism.鈥擜ccordingly, 鈥淸...] Vajra苍腻bha acquired strong Tirthak峁泃-body-making and family-karma by the twenty 蝉迟丑腻苍补办补蝉 as follows:鈥擺...] The ninth [蝉迟丑腻苍补办补] is right-belief, free from the faults of doubt, etc., adorned with the qualities of firmness, etc., characterized by tranquillity, etc. [viz., 濒补办峁�a峁嘺] [...]鈥�.

Note: The characteristics (濒补办峁�a峁嘺) are: tranquillity (艣补尘补); desire for emancipation (蝉补峁僾别驳补); disgust with the world (nirveda); compassion (anukampa); faith in the principles of truth (腻蝉迟颈办测补).鈥�(cf. Yoga艣腻stra 2.15.)

2) 尝补办峁�a峁嘺 (啶侧�曕�嵿し啶�) refers to 鈥渕arks on the body鈥� (such as 艣谤墨惫补迟蝉补) and represents one of the eight divisions of Nimitta艣腻stra (鈥渟cience of omens鈥�), possibly corresponding to 鈥渢he eight divisions of the science of omens鈥� (补峁ａ弓腻诲丑颈办补谤补峁嚹玤谤补苍迟丑补), according to chapter 2.6 [补箩颈迟补苍腻迟丑补-肠补谤颈迟谤补].鈥�(Cf. Uttar腻dhyayana with Kamalasa峁儁ama鈥檚 commentary 31. 19, pp. 506-7).鈥擲ee R腻jendra, 补峁�峁�丑补峁単补峁噄尘颈迟迟补; S奴trak峁泃腻峁単a 2.2. 25; Pravacanas腻roddh腻ra 1405-09, p. 410.

: The University of Sydney: A study of the Twelve Reflections

尝补办峁�a峁嘺 (啶侧�曕�嵿し啶�) refers to the 鈥渃haracteristic (of the doctrine)鈥�, according to the 11th century J帽腻苍腻r峁嘺va, a treatise on Jain Yoga in roughly 2200 Sanskrit verses composed by 艢ubhacandra.鈥擜ccordingly, 鈥淸com.鈥擭ext he speaks about the characteristic of the doctrine (dharma濒补办峁�a峁嘺m)]鈥擜nything which is undesirable for oneself is not to be done to others by the actions of [body,] speech and mind, even in a dream鈥攕uch is the principal characteristic of the doctrine鈥�.

Synonym: Li峁単a.

context information

Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, 鈥榮elf-reliance鈥�) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.

India history and geography

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Indian Epigraphical Glossary

尝补办峁�a峁嘺.鈥�(IA 18), the sexual parts; the male organ; cf. nir濒补办峁�itavya, to be castrated. (CII 1), branding. (SII 3; SITI), a document or deed; an inscription. Note: 濒补办峁�a峁嘺 is defined in the 鈥淚ndian epigraphical glossary鈥� as it can be found on ancient inscriptions commonly written in Sanskrit, Prakrit or Dravidian languages.

context information

The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.

Biology (plants and animals)

: Google Books: CRC World Dictionary (Regional names)

Laksana in Malaysia is the name of a plant defined with Acacia farnesiana in various botanical sources. This page contains potential references in Ayurveda, modern medicine, and other folk traditions or local practices It has the synonym Mimosa suaveolens Salisb. (among others).

Example references for further research on medicinal uses or toxicity (see latin names for full list):

· Species Plantarum (1753)
· Sylva Telluriana (1838)
· Journal of the Arnold Arboretum (1974)
· Legum. Agric. Boliv. (1996)
· A Numerical List of Dried Specimens (5264)
· Publications of the Field Museum of Natural History, Botanical series (1937)

If you are looking for specific details regarding Laksana, for example extract dosage, side effects, pregnancy safety, chemical composition, diet and recipes, health benefits, have a look at these references.

context information

This sections includes definitions from the five kingdoms of living things: Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists and Monera. It will include both the official binomial nomenclature (scientific names usually in Latin) as well as regional spellings and variants.

Languages of India and abroad

Marathi-English dictionary

: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionary

1) 尝补办峁�a峁嘺 (啶侧�曕�嵿し啶�).鈥攏 (S) A mark. 2 An indication or a sign; a characteristic; a token, evidence, symptom; a quality or property; anything by which a matter is designated or distinguished. Ex. dh奴ma p腻hil腻 asat腻峁� 膿th膿峁� agni 腻丑脓 as膿峁� j帽腻na h艒t膿峁� mha峁嚺玭a dh奴ma h膿峁� la0 agni h膿峁� 濒补办峁�ya; ph补峁璦kana dusa峁泍腻sa 艣iv墨 d膿t腻sa h膿峁� tujh膿 a峁単墨峁� v腻墨峁璦 la0 腻丑脓; Pr. 苍腻峁僾a m艒峁環膿峁� 腻峁噄 la0 办丑艒峁�母Ч�. 3 A definition; description of a thing through explication of its essence or enumeration of its properties. 4 In 苍颈诲腻苍补 or pathology. The third of the five departments,--the Symptoms or concomitant derangements. 5 (Used for lava濒补办峁�a峁嘺) Handsomeness, comeliness. 6 S Sight or seeing.

2) 濒补办峁�a峁嚹� (啶侧�曕�嵿し啶｀ぞ).鈥攆 S (Looking at or viewing.) The looking, aspect, or bearing (of a word or phrase); the respecting, and thus the indicating, of some sense beyond that literally and rigidly conveyed by it; metaphorical or figurative import. Ex. c艒r腻c膿 bhay腻n膿峁� s腻r腻 g腻峁僾a pa岣纺錶腻 膿th膿峁� g腻峁僾a hy腻 艣abd腻c墨 la0 g腻峁僾腻nt墨la l艒k腻c腻 j艒 samud腻ya ty腻javara h艒t墨.

: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-English

1) 尝补办峁�a峁嘺 (啶侧�曕�嵿し啶�).鈥�n A mark; a sign; a token. A definition.

2) 濒补办峁�a峁嚹� (啶侧�曕�嵿し啶｀ぞ).鈥�f The aspect or bearing (of a phrase) metaphorical or figurative import.

context information

Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.

Sanskrit dictionary

: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary

尝补办峁�a峁嘺 (啶侧�曕�嵿し啶�).鈥擺濒补办峁�yate'nena 濒补办峁�-kara峁噀 lyu峁� U峁嚹錮i-s奴tra 3.8.]

1) A mark, token, sign, indication, characteristic, distinctive mark; 啶掂ぇ啷傕う啷佮�曕�傕げ啶� 啶曕げ啶灌�傕じ啶侧�曕�嵿し啶｀ぎ啷� (vadh奴duk奴la峁� kalaha峁僺a濒补办峁�a峁嘺m) Kum腻rasambhava 5.67; 啶呧え啶距ぐ啶�啷嵿き啷� 啶灌た 啶曕ぞ啶班�嵿く啶距ぃ啶距�� 啶�啷嵿ぐ啶ムぎ啶� 啶�啷佮う啷嵿ぇ啶苦げ啶曕�嵿し啶｀ぎ啷� (a苍腻rambho hi k腻ry腻峁嚹遽箖 prathama峁� buddhi濒补办峁�a峁嘺m) 厂耻产丑腻峁�; 啶夃お啶曕ぞ啶班ぞ啶�啶曕ぞ啶班�� 啶灌た 啶侧�曕�嵿し啷嵿く啶� 啶侧�曕�嵿し啶�- 啶�啷囙い啶�啷嬥�� (upak腻r腻pak腻rau hi 濒补办峁�ya峁� 濒补办峁�a峁嘺- metayo岣�) H.4.15; 啶呧さ啷嵿く啶距�曕�嵿し啷囙お啷� 啶�啶掂た啶粪�嵿く啶ㄠ�嵿い啷嵿く啶距�� 啶曕ぞ啶班�嵿く啶膏た啶︵�嵿ぇ啷囙ぐ啷嵿す啶� 啶侧�曕�嵿し啶｀ぎ啷� (avy腻k峁�epo bhavi峁�yanty腻岣� k腻ryasiddherhi 濒补办峁�a峁嘺m) R.1.6;19.47; 啶椸ぐ啷嵿き啶侧�曕�嵿し啶� (garbha濒补办峁�a峁嘺) 艢.5; 啶�啷佮ぐ啷佮し啶侧�曕�嵿し啶｀ぎ啷� (puru峁�a濒补办峁�a峁嘺m) 'the sign or organ of virility'.

2) A symptom (of a disease).

3) An attribute, a quality.

4) A definition, accurate description; 啶呧じ啶距ぇ啶距ぐ啶｀ぇ啶班�嵿ぎ啷� 啶侧�曕�嵿し啶｀ぎ啷� (as腻dh腻ra峁嘺dharmo 濒补办峁�a峁嘺m); 啶ㄠぞ啶�啶о�囙く啷囙え 啶�啶︵ぞ啶班�嵿ぅ啶�啶距い啷嵿ぐ啶膏�嵿く啶距き啶�- 啶оぞ啶ㄠぎ啷佮う啷嵿う啷囙ざ啶�, 啶むい啷嵿ぐ啷嬥う啷嵿う啶苦し啷嵿�熰じ啷嵿く啶距い啶む�嵿い啷嵿さ啶掂�嵿く啶掂�氞�嵿�涏�囙う啶曕�� 啶оぐ啷嵿ぎ啷� 啶侧�曕�嵿し啶｀ぎ啷� (苍腻madheyena pad腻rtham腻trasy腻bhi- dh腻namudde艣a岣�, tatrod诲颈峁ａ弓补sy腻tattvavyavacchedako dharmo 濒补办峁�a峁嘺m) V腻tsy腻yana Bh腻峁�ya 1.1.2.

5) A lucky or auspicious mark on the body (these are considered to be 32); 啶︵�嵿さ啶距い啷嵿ぐ啶苦�傕ざ啶侧�嵿げ啶曕�嵿し啶｀�嬥お啷囙い啶� (诲惫腻迟谤颈峁兣沘濒濒补办峁�a峁噊辫别迟补岣�); 啶侧�曕�嵿し啶｀じ啶傕お啶ㄠ�嵿え啶距え啷嵿え啶距�� 啶椸さ啶距ぎ啶о�� 啶膏じ啷嵿え啷� (濒补办峁�a峁嘺蝉a峁僷an苍腻n苍腻峁� gav腻madha岣� sasnau) K.64.

6) Any mark or features of the body (indicative of good or bad luck); 啶曕�嵿�� 啶むう啷嵿さ啶苦ぇ啶膏�嵿い啷嵿さ啶� 啶曕�嵿�� 啶� 啶�啷佮ぃ啷嵿く啶侧�曕�嵿し啶｀�� (kva tadvidhastva峁� kva ca pu峁噛a濒补办峁�a峁嚹�) Kum腻rasambhava 5.73; 啶曕�嵿げ啷囙ざ啶距さ啶灌�� 啶�啶班�嵿い啷佮ぐ啶侧�曕�嵿し啶｀ぞ啶灌ぎ啷� (kle艣腻vah腻 bhartura濒补办峁�a峁嚹録am) R.14.5.

7) A name, designation, appellation (oft. at the end of comp.); 啶掂た啶︵た啶多ぞ啶侧�曕�嵿し啶｀ぞ啶� 啶班ぞ啶溹ぇ啶距え啷�啶�啷� (vidi艣腻濒补办峁�a峁嚹遽箖 r腻jadh腻n墨m) Meghad奴ta 24.

8) Excellence, merit, good quality; as in 啶嗋す啶苦い啶侧�曕�嵿し啶� (腻hita濒补办峁�a峁嘺) R. 6.71 (where Malli. renders it by 辫谤补办丑测腻迟补驳耻峁嘺 and quotes Ak.:-gu峁嘺i岣� prat墨te tu k峁泃a濒补办峁�a峁嚹録ita濒补办峁�a峁嘺u).

9) An aim, a scope, an object.

1) A fixed rate (as of duties); 啶ㄠう啷�啶む��啶班�囙し啷� 啶むう啷嵿さ啶苦う啷嵿く啶距い啷� 啶膏ぎ啷佮う啷嵿ぐ啷� 啶ㄠぞ啶膏�嵿い啶� 啶侧�曕�嵿し啶｀ぎ啷� (nad墨t墨re峁�u tadvidy腻t samudre 苍腻sti 濒补办峁�a峁嘺m) Manusm峁泃i 8.46.

11) Form, kind, nature.

12) Effect, operation.

13) Cause, occasion.

14) Head, topic, subject.

15) Pretence, disguise (= 濒补办峁�a); 啶�啷嵿ぐ啶膏�佮お啷嵿い啶侧�曕�嵿し啶｀�� (prasupta濒补办峁�a峁嘺岣�) M腻lat墨m腻dhava (Bombay) 7.

16) A line, spot.

17) Observation, seeing.

18) Indicatory characteristic; 啶侧�曕�嵿し啷嵿く啶む�� 啶�啷囙�� 啶むげ啷嵿げ啶曕�嵿し啶｀ぎ啷�, 啶о�傕ぎ啷� 啶侧�曕�嵿し啶｀ぎ啶椸�嵿え啷囙ぐ啶苦い啶� 啶灌た 啶掂う啶ㄠ�嵿い啶� (濒补办峁�yate yena tal濒补办峁�a峁嘺m, dh奴mo 濒补办峁�a峁嘺magneriti hi vadanti) 艢B. on MS.1.1.2.

19) A chapter; 啶оぐ啷嵿ぎ啷� 啶︵�嵿さ啶距う啶多げ啶曕�嵿し啶｀�嵿く啶� 啶掂�嵿く啷佮い啷嵿お啶距う啷嵿く啶� (dharmo dv腻da艣a濒补办峁�a峁噛腻 vyutp腻dya岣�).

2) A sexual organ; 啶侧�曕�嵿し啶｀�� 啶侧�曕�嵿し啶｀�囙え啷堗�� 啶掂う啶ㄠ�� 啶掂う啶ㄠ�囙�� 啶� (濒补办峁�a峁嘺峁� 濒补办峁�a峁噀naiva vadana峁� vadanena ca) Mah腻bh腻rata (Bombay) 13.4.58.

-峁嘺岣� 1 Name of Lak峁�ma峁嘺.

2) The crane.

-峁嚹� 1 An aim, object.

2) (In Rhet.) An indirect application or secondary signification of a word, one of the three powers of a word; it is thus defined:-啶�啷佮�栢�嵿く啶距ぐ啷嵿ぅ啶�啶距ぇ啷� 啶むう啷嵿く啷嬥�椸�� 啶班�傕あ啶苦い啷嬥そ啶� 啶�啷嵿ぐ啶�啷嬥�溹え啶距い啷� 啷� 啶呧え啷嵿く啷嬥そ啶班�嵿ぅ啷� 啶侧�曕�嵿し啷嵿く啶む�� 啶�啶む�� 啶膏ぞ 啶侧�曕�嵿し啶｀ぞ啶班�嬥お啶苦い啶� 啶曕�嵿ぐ啶苦く啶� (mukhy腻rthab腻dhe tadyoge r奴岣峢ito'tha prayoja苍腻t | anyo'rtho 濒补办峁�yate yat s腻 濒补办峁�a峁嚹錼opit腻 kriy腻) K. P.2. 啶侧�曕�嵿し啶｀ぞ 啶多�曕�嵿く啶膏�傕が啶ㄠ�嵿ぇ啶膏�嵿い啶距い啷嵿お啶班�嵿く啶距え啷佮お啶�啶む�嵿い啶苦い啶� (濒补办峁�a峁嚹� 艣akyasa峁僢andhast腻tpary腻nupapattita岣�) Bh腻峁Ｄ� P.; see S. D.13. also 啶多�嵿ぐ啷佮い啶苦げ啶曕�嵿し啶｀ぞ啶掂た啶粪く啷� 啶� 啶多�嵿ぐ啷佮い啶苦ぐ啷嵿え啷嵿く啶距く啷嵿く啶� 啶� 啶侧�曕�嵿し啶｀ぞ (艣ruti濒补办峁�a峁嚹鍁i峁�aye ca 艣rutirny腻yy腻 na 濒补办峁�a峁嚹�) 艢B. on MS.6.2.2; A. R腻m.7.5.26-27.

3) A goose.

4) Name of Duryodhana's daughter.

Derivable forms: 濒补办峁�a峁嘺m (啶侧�曕�嵿し啶｀ぎ啷�).

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary

尝补办峁�a峁嘺 (啶侧�曕�嵿し啶�).鈥�nt., mark (Sanskrit); (1) in 尝补峁卥腻惫补迟腻谤补-蝉奴迟谤补 37.10 ff.; 38.5 ff., external mark, manifested aspect, of the vij帽腻na (compare Suzuki, Studies, 183); contrasted with prabandha, q.v.; fuller expression seems to be svaj腻ti-濒补办峁�a峁嘺, see 尝补峁卥腻惫补迟腻谤补-蝉奴迟谤补 38.16 ff., especially 18 f., svaj腻ti濒补办峁�a峁噀 punar nirudhya- m腻ne (mss.) 腻layavij帽腻nanirodha岣� sy腻t, suggesting that with its suppression, the 腻laya-vij帽腻na itself is suppressed; for the a峁ａ弓a濒补办峁�a峁嘺 vij帽腻na see vij掳 2; (2) in 顿颈惫测腻惫补诲腻苍补 513.15, 24, sauvar峁噀na 濒补办峁�a峁噀na la岣嶀笉墨艣 (sc. of a state horse) chorayati, removes the dung with a golden鈥� (? some sort of implement; according to Index, spoon?), perhaps shovel or the like; (3) = svabh腻va (2), q.v., characteristic, of existing things, there being three such, viz. parikalpita, paratan- tra, parini峁�panna, qq.v.: 惭补丑腻惫测耻迟辫补迟迟颈 1662 (to 1665 incl.); Asa峁単a (Mah腻y腻na-s奴tr腻la峁僰腻ra) xi.38鈥�41 (L茅vi, indice); svabh腻va-濒补办峁�a峁嘺-traya- ku艣alena bhavitavyam 尝补峁卥腻惫补迟腻谤补-蝉奴迟谤补 67.2; (4) characteristic mark of a superior person (a cakravartin or a Buddha), of which there are standardly 32 (anomalously 28 in 骋补峁囜笉补惫测奴丑补 353.7, a峁ａ弓avi峁兣沘tibhir 尘补丑腻辫耻谤耻峁�a濒补办峁�a峁嘺ir upeto; no list). There are various lists; in Pali (lakkha峁嘺), D墨ghanik腻ya (Pali) ii.17.10 ff. and iii.143.5 ff. (here followed by lengthy treat- ments of each item); Majjhimanik腻ya (Pali) ii.136.6 ff.; in [Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit], Lalitavistara 105.11 ff. [Page458-1b+ 37] (here referred to as LVa) and 429.3 ff. (LVb); 惭补丑腻惫测耻迟辫补迟迟颈 235 ff.; 顿丑补谤尘补蝉补峁僩谤补丑补 (here abbreviated Dh) 83; 骋补峁囜笉补惫测奴丑补 399.20 ff., with valuable brief explanations of each term; 叠辞诲丑颈蝉补迟迟惫补产丑奴尘颈 375.9 ff., with a few brief glosses, but followed on 378.3 ff., 381.8 ff., by more extensive treatments of the various items, with a few minor variants which are mostly not recorded here; finally, 惭补丑腻惫补蝉迟耻 i.226.16 ff. = ii.29.19 ff. has, in 7 lines of verse, extremely brief one-word designations for the 32 items, in part so corrupt in the text that I have failed to identify a few items (here, 惭补丑腻惫补蝉迟耻 without reference refers to this list); again, 惭补丑腻惫补蝉迟耻 ii.304.14 ff. has a very loose, inaccurate, and incomplete list, mingled with some 补苍耻惫测补帽箩补苍补 and other extraneous materials; this is cited below by page and line when it is important. Finally, a few stray 濒补办峁�a峁嘺 are unsystematically mentioned in R腻峁ａ弓rap腻lapari辫峁沜肠丑腻 46.13鈥� 47.12, and again 50.11-51.5; they will be referred to by page and line under the appropriate items. In modern literature, correlations of various Pali and [Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit] lists (but without the 骋补峁囜笉补惫测奴丑补, 叠辞诲丑颈蝉补迟迟惫补产丑奴尘颈, and 惭补丑腻惫补蝉迟耻 lists) have been recorded by Burnouf, Lotus, 558 ff.; M眉ller, note on 顿丑补谤尘补蝉补峁僩谤补丑补 83 (but note that in a number of cases M眉ller here cites 顿丑补谤尘补蝉补峁僩谤补丑补 itself inconsistently with his own text). In 惭补丑腻惫测耻迟辫补迟迟颈 and LVa (as also in the stray fragmentary lists of R腻峁ａ弓rap腻lapari辫峁沜肠丑腻) the order of all other texts is reversed, so as to begin with the head instead of the feet; in citing numbers I have reversed the numbering of these two lists, to facilitate comparison with the other lists; therefore when I cite 鈥�惭补丑腻惫测耻迟辫补迟迟颈 32, LVa 32鈥�, I refer to 惭补丑腻惫测耻迟辫补迟迟颈 and LVa 1; 鈥�惭补丑腻惫测耻迟辫补迟迟颈 31, LVa 31鈥� means 惭补丑腻惫测耻迟辫补迟迟颈 2, LVa 2, etc. I believe the following list is substantially correct and original, tho the precise language is not always certain; all important variants are cited. The order of the items in [Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit] varies greatly, no two lists being alike; but the relative order in the Pali lists is, I believe, always or nearly always supported by some [Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit] evidence, and I see no serious reason to doubt that it represents the original; it is therefore adopted here. 1. 蝉耻辫谤补迟颈峁ａ弓丑颈迟补辫腻诲补 (Pali suppati峁�峁環itap腻da), 惭补丑腻惫测耻迟辫补迟迟颈 3; [Page459-a+ 71] LVb, 骋补峁囜笉补惫测奴丑补, 叠辞诲丑颈蝉补迟迟惫补产丑奴尘颈 1; LVa 1 inserts sama before p腻da; 惭补丑腻惫补蝉迟耻 probably means this by 1 sam腻; 惭补丑腻惫补蝉迟耻 ii.304.14 sam腻鈥�cara峁嚹� suprati峁ａ弓hit腻; Dh 2 -p腻峁噄p腻datala(t腻) for -p腻da. 鈥�2. adhast腻t p腻datalayo艣 cakre j腻te鈥�(epithets), so 叠辞诲丑颈蝉补迟迟惫补产丑奴尘颈 2, similarly LVa, 骋补峁囜笉补惫测奴丑补 2; Pali he峁�峁環腻p腻datalesu cakk腻ni j腻t腻ni鈥�(epithets); 惭补丑腻惫补蝉迟耻 2 he峁ａ弓腻, also he峁ａ弓腻鈥�惭补丑腻惫补蝉迟耻 ii.304.16; LVb 2 compresses the epithets into a long [compound] ending cakr腻峁卥itap腻datala; 惭补丑腻惫测耻迟辫补迟迟颈 4 cakr腻峁卥ita-hasta-p腻da, and so Dh 1 adding -tala and with p腻峁噄 for hasta, which, tho supported by Tibetan phyag, is only a false interpretation of adhast腻t or semi-MIndic he峁ａ弓腻.鈥�3. 腻测补迟补辫腻诲补辫腻谤峁ａ箛颈 (Pali 腻yatapa峁噃i), so 惭补丑腻惫测耻迟辫补迟迟颈 2, 叠辞诲丑颈蝉补迟迟惫补产丑奴尘颈 4, 骋补峁囜笉补惫测奴丑补 5 (LVa 6 腻yata- p腻r峁ａ箛ip腻da); or 腻测补迟补辫腻谤峁ａ箛颈, LVb 3, Dh 7, with Pali; 惭补丑腻惫补蝉迟耻 4 腻yat腻.鈥�4. 诲墨谤驳丑腻峁単耻濒颈 (Pali d墨gha掳), LVb 4, LVa 7, 惭补丑腻惫测耻迟辫补迟迟颈 5, Dh 6, 骋补峁囜笉补惫测奴丑补 (2d ed.) 6 d墨rgh腻 asy腻峁単ulayo, 叠辞诲丑颈蝉补迟迟惫补产丑奴尘颈 3; 惭补丑腻惫补蝉迟耻 3 d墨rgh腻; 惭补丑腻惫补蝉迟耻 ii.305.1.鈥�5. m峁沝utaru峁嘺hastap腻da (Pali mudutalu峁嘺hatthap腻da); LVa 4, LVb 6; 叠辞诲丑颈蝉补迟迟惫补产丑奴尘颈 5 (mss. om. hasta, Tibetan phyag, for which ed. p腻峁噄); Dh 4 and 惭补丑腻惫测耻迟辫补迟迟颈 7 add -tala; 骋补峁囜笉补惫测奴丑补 7 m峁沝奴ni鈥�hastap腻datal腻ni; 惭补丑腻惫补蝉迟耻 11 m峁沝u; compare R腻峁ａ弓rap腻lapari辫峁沜肠丑腻 47.10.鈥�6. j腻la-(j腻l腻vanaddha-?)- hastap腻da; Pali j腻lahatthap腻da, to which 叠辞诲丑颈蝉补迟迟惫补产丑奴尘颈 6 j腻la- p腻峁噄p腻da is closest; LVa 3, LVb 7 j腻l腻峁単ulihastap腻da; 惭补丑腻惫测耻迟辫补迟迟颈 6 j腻l腻vanaddha-hastap腻da, compare 惭补丑腻惫补蝉迟耻 ii.304.14 (com- bined with No. 1 above) j腻l腻vanaddh腻 (cara峁嚹�); Dh 3 corrupt, j腻l腻balabaddh腻峁単ulip腻峁噄p腻datala(t腻); 骋补峁囜笉补惫测奴丑补 4 hasta- p腻datale j腻lin墨 (2d ed.); 惭补丑腻惫补蝉迟耻 12 j腻l腻.鈥�7. uccha峁卥ha-(?)- p腻da (Pali ussa峁卥ha掳), so 骋补峁囜笉补惫测奴丑补 3, and so read (uccha峁卥ha) 惭补丑腻惫补蝉迟耻 5 and 惭补丑腻惫补蝉迟耻 ii.304.19, also with Mironov 惭补丑腻惫测耻迟辫补迟迟颈 8; 惭补丑腻惫测耻迟辫补迟迟颈 Kyoto ed. utsa峁単a掳, so LVa 5, Dh 9, and 叠辞诲丑颈蝉补迟迟惫补产丑奴尘颈 7 (-cara峁嘺 for p腻da); LVb 8 uccha峁単a掳.鈥�8. 补颈峁噀测补箩补峁単丑补 (Pali e峁噄-j掳), so 骋补峁囜笉补惫测奴丑补 8, 惭补丑腻惫测耻迟辫补迟迟颈 1, Dh 11; e峁噀ya掳 LVb 10, 叠辞诲丑颈蝉补迟迟惫补产丑奴尘颈 8 (and R腻峁ａ弓rap腻lapari辫峁沜肠丑腻 51.3); e峁噀yam峁沢ar腻jaja峁単ha LVa 8; 惭补丑腻惫补蝉迟耻 6 e峁噄; 惭补丑腻惫补蝉迟耻 ii.305.3 e峁嚹�-j掳; R腻峁ａ弓rap腻lapari辫峁沜肠丑腻 47.12 e峁嘺ja峁単ha.鈥�9. sthit腻na- vanata-辫谤补濒补尘产补产腻丑耻 惭补丑腻惫测耻迟辫补迟迟颈 15, and sthito'vanata掳 (as 惭补丑腻惫测耻迟辫补迟迟颈) LVa 15; compare Pali 峁環itako va anonamanto ubhohi p腻峁噄talehi ja峁囜箛uk腻ni parimasati鈥�; 叠辞诲丑颈蝉补迟迟惫补产丑奴尘颈 9 anavana- tak腻ya; LVb 12, Dh 12, 骋补峁囜笉补惫测奴丑补 15 辫谤补濒补尘产补产腻丑耻; compare 骋补峁囜笉补惫测奴丑补 13 an奴nag腻tra岣�, (read) anunnatag腻tro'pari峁嘺tag腻tra岣�; 惭补丑腻惫补蝉迟耻(?); 惭补丑腻惫补蝉迟耻 ii.305.8 anonatena k腻yena p腻峁嚹玥i j腻nuk腻峁� sp峁浥沞; compare R腻峁ａ弓rap腻lapari辫峁沜肠丑腻 47.9 d墨rgha-parigha-b腻h奴.鈥�10. ko艣opagata-vastigu- hya (Pali kosohitavatthaguyha; it seems that vattha is a mistake for vatthi, compare Pali vatthi-kosa), so 惭补丑腻惫测耻迟辫补迟迟颈 10, LVa 10, LVb 11; or ko艣agata-vas掳 叠辞诲丑颈蝉补迟迟惫补产丑奴尘颈 10, 骋补峁囜笉补惫测奴丑补 10, Dh 13; 惭补丑腻惫补蝉迟耻 9 ko艣a; 惭补丑腻惫补蝉迟耻 ii.305.10 ko艣avastiguhya; R腻峁ａ弓rap腻lapari辫峁沜肠丑腻 47.11 guhyako艣o. 鈥�11. 蝉耻惫补谤峁嘺惫补谤峁嘺 (Pali suva峁囜箛ava峁囜箛a, with appended ka帽canasannibhataca, compare 叠辞诲丑颈蝉补迟迟惫补产丑奴尘颈), so Dh 14; LVb 15 suvar- 峁嘺chavi; 骋补峁囜笉补惫测奴丑补 29 蝉耻惫补谤峁嘺惫补谤峁嘺chavi; 叠辞诲丑颈蝉补迟迟惫补产丑奴尘颈 15 k腻帽canasa峁僴i- bhatvac (compare Pali); 惭补丑腻惫补蝉迟耻 22 suvar峁嘺; 惭补丑腻惫补蝉迟耻 ii.305.7 k腻帽cana- chavi艣obha苍腻; in LVa 16 and 惭补丑腻惫测耻迟辫补迟迟颈 16 combined with next, 蝉奴办峁�m补蝉耻惫补谤峁嘺肠丑补惫颈 (Lefm. adds var峁嘺, by em., after suvar峁嘺); kanakavar峁嘺 R腻峁ａ弓rap腻lapari辫峁沜肠丑腻 47.10; 51.5.鈥�12. s奴k峁�ma- chavi (Pali sukhumachavi), so LVb 14 (m峁沝utaru峁嘺-s奴掳), 骋补峁囜笉补惫测奴丑补 28; Dh 15 艣uklachavi(-t腻); for LVa and 惭补丑腻惫测耻迟辫补迟迟颈 see prec.; 叠辞诲丑颈蝉补迟迟惫补产丑奴尘颈 16 艣濒补办峁ａ箛atv腻t (but 379.18 s奴k峁�ma-艣濒补办峁ａ箛a-tvacat腻, and 381.11 s奴k峁�matvakt腻) tvaco rajo鈥Σ阅鍁ati峁ａ弓hate, and 艣濒补办峁ａ箛a, instead of s奴k峁�ma, is read also in 惭补丑腻惫补蝉迟耻 16; 惭补丑腻惫补蝉迟耻 ii.305.14 and R腻峁ａ弓rap腻lapari辫峁沜肠丑腻 51.5 艣濒补办峁ａ箛achav墨.鈥�13. ekaikaroma (or 掳man; Pali ekekaloma), so LVa 12; 骋补峁囜笉补惫测奴丑补 30; 惭补丑腻惫补蝉迟耻 ii.305.15; 惭补丑腻惫补蝉迟耻 14 ek腻; LVb 16 ekaikanicitaromak奴pa; 叠辞诲丑颈蝉补迟迟惫补产丑奴尘颈 14 掳rom腻, adding鈥�pradak峁�i峁嚹鍁arta峁�; 惭补丑腻惫测耻迟辫补迟迟颈 12 掳roma-pradak峁�i峁嚹�- varta岣�; Dh 16 辫谤补诲补办峁�i峁嚹鍁补谤迟补颈办补谤辞尘补(-t腻); compare R腻峁ａ弓rap腻lapari辫峁沜肠丑腻 47.11; see next.鈥�14. 奴rdhv腻graroma, 掳man (Pali uddhagga- loma), so Dh 10; 惭补丑腻惫测耻迟辫补迟迟颈 11 奴rdhvaga-roma; 叠辞诲丑颈蝉补迟迟惫补产丑奴尘颈 13 奴r- dhva峁僩a掳; 骋补峁囜笉补惫测奴丑补 31 奴rdhv腻峁単a掳; 惭补丑腻惫补蝉迟耻 15, mss. intend 奴r- dhv腻gra or 奴rdha峁僩a; LVa 11 奴rdhv腻gr腻bhipradak峁�i峁嚹�- vartarom腻(岣�); LVb 9 奴rdhav腻峁単adak峁�i峁嚹鍁artaromak奴pa; see prec.鈥�15. b峁沨ad-峁沯u-g腻tra (Pali brahmujjugatta), so 骋补峁囜笉补惫测奴丑补 16, 叠辞诲丑颈蝉补迟迟惫补产丑奴尘颈 21; 惭补丑腻惫补蝉迟耻 7 b峁沨at; 惭补丑腻惫补蝉迟耻 ii.305.18 prahavarjug腻tra (corruption for brahmarj掳?); Dh 8 峁沯耻驳腻迟谤补(-t腻); LVb 5 bahujanatr腻t腻, obvious corruption; not in LVa, 惭补丑腻惫测耻迟辫补迟迟颈 (replaced, perhaps, by suvartitoru, Lefm. suvivart掳, 9 in [Page459-b+ 71] both?).鈥�16. saptotsada (Pali sattussada), LVa 18; LVb 17; 惭补丑腻惫测耻迟辫补迟迟颈 18; 骋补峁囜笉补惫测奴丑补 9; Dh 5; 叠辞诲丑颈蝉补迟迟惫补产丑奴尘颈 17 掳da-k腻ya; 惭补丑腻惫补蝉迟耻 20 utsad腻; R腻峁ａ弓rap腻lapari辫峁沜肠丑腻 47.9.鈥�17. 蝉颈峁僪补辫奴谤惫腻谤诲丑补办腻测补 (Pali s墨ha- pubbaddhak腻ya), LVa 14; LVb 18; 惭补丑腻惫测耻迟辫补迟迟颈 14; 叠辞诲丑颈蝉补迟迟惫补产丑奴尘颈 18; 骋补峁囜笉补惫测奴丑补 11; Dh 18 (掳腻nta掳 for 掳腻rdha掳); 惭补丑腻惫补蝉迟耻 ii.305.6; probably concealed in 惭补丑腻惫补蝉迟耻 18 or 19, corrupt.鈥�18. 肠颈迟腻苍迟补谤腻峁僺补 (or 掳艣a, Dh; Pali citantara峁僺a), LVa, 惭补丑腻惫测耻迟辫补迟迟颈 17; LVb 19; 叠辞诲丑颈蝉补迟迟惫补产丑奴尘颈, Dh 20; 骋补峁囜笉补惫测奴丑补 12; probably cit腻 to be read in 惭补丑腻惫补蝉迟耻 17.鈥� 19. 苍测补驳谤辞诲丑补辫补谤颈尘补峁囜笉补濒补 (Pali nigrodha掳), LVa, LVb, 惭补丑腻惫测耻迟辫补迟迟颈 13; Dh 22; 叠辞诲丑颈蝉补迟迟惫补产丑奴尘颈 11; 骋补峁囜笉补惫测奴丑补 33; 惭补丑腻惫补蝉迟耻 10 nyagrodha.鈥� 20. 蝉耻蝉补峁僾峁泃迟补蝉办补苍诲丑补 (Pali sama-vatta-kkhandha), LVa, 惭补丑腻惫测耻迟辫补迟迟颈, 叠辞诲丑颈蝉补迟迟惫补产丑奴尘颈, Dh 19; LVb 20; 骋补峁囜笉补惫测奴丑补 14 (omits su); 惭补丑腻惫补蝉迟耻 24 sam腻 (compare Pali); 惭补丑腻惫补蝉迟耻 ii.305.17 (omits su); R腻峁ａ弓rap腻lapari辫峁沜肠丑腻 47.9 艣腻nta- sa峁僾峁泃ta-skandha岣�; the erroneous spelling 掳sa峁僾峁泃a掳 in Dh, 惭补丑腻惫测耻迟辫补迟迟颈 text (but Index and Mironov sa峁僾峁泃ta), and 骋补峁囜笉补惫测奴丑补 (but followed in gloss by v峁泃t腻v asya skandh腻v鈥�p墨nau, etc.).鈥�21. 谤补蝉补谤补蝉腻驳谤补(-vant? Pali rasaggasaggi); 掳gra- (-t腻) 惭补丑腻惫测耻迟辫补迟迟颈 23; Dh 21; 掳gra-vant LVa 22; LVb 25; 掳gra- pr腻pta岣� 叠辞诲丑颈蝉补迟迟惫补产丑奴尘颈 27; rasa峁� 惭补丑腻惫补蝉迟耻 21; 掳gri峁嘺岣� 惭补丑腻惫补蝉迟耻 ii.306.4; in 骋补峁囜笉补惫测奴丑补 17 represented by kambugr墨va(-t腻) (400.25), on which see [Boehtlingk and Roth] s.v. kambu; it is paraphrased by ad墨naka峁囜弓ha岣�, with not inferior neck, but for the real meaning see following passage cited s.v. rasahara峁嚹�, proving connexion with (rasa-) ras腻gra, q.v.; compare also R腻峁ａ弓rap腻lapari辫峁沜肠丑腻 47.9 kambu-rucira- gr墨v腻 (among 濒补办峁�a峁嘺).鈥�22. 蝉颈峁僪补丑补苍耻 (Pali s墨ha掳), LVa 20; LVb 21; 惭补丑腻惫测耻迟辫补迟迟颈 11; 骋补峁囜笉补惫测奴丑补 18; Dh, 叠辞诲丑颈蝉补迟迟惫补产丑奴尘颈 25; 惭补丑腻惫补蝉迟耻 23 s墨ho (or si峁僪o); 惭补丑腻惫补蝉迟耻 ii.306.4; R腻峁ａ弓rap腻lapari辫峁沜肠丑腻 46.15.鈥�23. catv腻ri峁�- 艣addanta (Pali catt腻l墨sadanta), 惭补丑腻惫测耻迟辫补迟迟颈 27; compare 惭补丑腻惫补蝉迟耻 ii.306.5; catv腻ri峁兣沘tsamadanta LVb, 叠辞诲丑颈蝉补迟迟惫补产丑奴尘颈 22, 骋补峁囜笉补惫测奴丑补 19 (1st ed.); 蝉补尘补肠补迟惫腻谤颈峁兣沘诲诲补苍迟补 LVa 26; 骋补峁囜笉补惫测奴丑补 19 (2d ed.); not identified in 惭补丑腻惫补蝉迟耻; compare R腻峁ａ弓rap腻lapari辫峁沜肠丑腻 46.17; 50.17.鈥�24. samadanta (Pali id.), 惭补丑腻惫测耻迟辫补迟迟颈 26; Dh 27; 骋补峁囜笉补惫测奴丑补 21; 惭补丑腻惫补蝉迟耻 26 sam腻; for 叠辞诲丑颈蝉补迟迟惫补产丑奴尘颈, LVa, LVb, see under prec.; they seem to combine the two (but note that 骋补峁囜笉补惫测奴丑补 has this item separately, while including sama with the prec.); R腻峁ａ弓rap腻lapari辫峁沜肠丑腻 46.17.鈥�25. aviraladanta (Pali avivara掳, but v.l. avira岣穉掳), LVa, 惭补丑腻惫测耻迟辫补迟迟颈 25; LVb 24; 叠辞诲丑颈蝉补迟迟惫补产丑奴尘颈 23; Dh 29; 骋补峁囜笉补惫测奴丑补 20 aviral腻vi峁�amadanta(-t腻); compare R腻峁ａ弓rap腻lapari辫峁沜肠丑腻 50.17.鈥� 26. su艣ukla-da峁冡梗峁璻a, or 掳danta (Pali susukkad腻峁環a): 掳da峁冡梗峁璻a 骋补峁囜笉补惫测奴丑补 401.13 (in gloss on No. 24 above); 艣ukra- da峁冡梗峁璻腻 (v.l. 蝉耻艣耻办濒补诲补苍迟补) 惭补丑腻惫补蝉迟耻 ii.306.6; 掳danta LVb 23; 惭补丑腻惫测耻迟辫补迟迟颈, 叠辞诲丑颈蝉补迟迟惫补产丑奴尘颈 24; 艣ukla-danta LVa 24; 艣ukla-hanu(-t腻) Dh 26; 艣ukl腻 惭补丑腻惫补蝉迟耻 25; compare R腻峁ａ弓rap腻lapari辫峁沜肠丑腻 46.17.鈥�27. prabh奴tajihva (Pali pah奴tajivha), LVa 21; LVb 29; Dh 24; 骋补峁囜笉补惫测奴丑补 22 (su-pra掳); 辫谤补产丑奴迟补迟补苍耻箩颈丑惫补 惭补丑腻惫测耻迟辫补迟迟颈 21; 叠辞诲丑颈蝉补迟迟惫补产丑奴尘颈 26; 惭补丑腻惫补蝉迟耻 ii.306.7; pra- bh奴t腻 惭补丑腻惫补蝉迟耻 27; jihv腻 prabh奴t腻 R腻峁ａ弓rap腻lapari辫峁沜肠丑腻 46.18; 50.15.鈥�28. brah- masvara (Pali brahmassara), LVa, 骋补峁囜笉补惫测奴丑补 23; LVb 26; 惭补丑腻惫测耻迟辫补迟迟颈 20; 叠辞诲丑颈蝉补迟迟惫补产丑奴尘颈 28 (with gloss kalavi峁卥amanoj帽abh腻峁嚹�; some Pali texts gloss karav墨kabh腻峁嚹�); 惭补丑腻惫补蝉迟耻 28 brahm腻; 惭补丑腻惫补蝉迟耻 ii.306.11; not in text of Dh, but one ms. is cited in M眉ller's note as reading corruptly prastasvara(-t腻), which should doubtless be emended and adopted, deleting Dh 28 ha峁�- savikr腻ntag腻mi(t腻), which is properly an 补苍耻惫测补帽箩补苍补; compare R腻峁ａ弓rap腻lapari辫峁沜肠丑腻 47.1 brahmagho峁Ｄ�.鈥�29. 补产丑颈苍墨濒补苍别迟谤补 (Pali 掳netta), LVa, LVb 27, 叠辞诲丑颈蝉补迟迟惫补产丑奴尘颈 29, Dh 31; 惭补丑腻惫补蝉迟耻 29 n墨la; 惭补丑腻惫补蝉迟耻 ii.306.15; 骋补峁囜笉补惫测奴丑补 24 (2d ed.); 惭补丑腻惫测耻迟辫补迟迟颈 28 补产丑颈苍墨濒补苍别迟谤补-gopak峁�m腻, combining this with next. Cf. R腻峁ａ弓rap腻lapari辫峁沜肠丑腻 46.15; 50.13.鈥�30. go- pak峁�ma, or 掳man (Pali gopakkhuma), 叠辞诲丑颈蝉补迟迟惫补产丑奴尘颈 30 掳m腻 (n. sg.), 骋补峁囜笉补惫测奴丑补 25 掳ma岣�; 掳ma-netra LVa 28, and intended by corrupt readings LVb 28; Dh 32; 惭补丑腻惫补蝉迟耻 30 掳ma (mss.); for 惭补丑腻惫测耻迟辫补迟迟颈 see prec.鈥�31. 奴r峁嚹� bhruv腻ntare j腻t腻vad腻t腻 m峁沝ut奴lasa峁�- nibh腻 (? exact language uncertain, but Pali u峁囜箛腻 bhamu- kantare j腻t腻 od腻t腻 mudut奴lasannibh腻); Pali seems sup- ported by 惭补丑腻惫补蝉迟耻 ii.306.17鈥�18, where read bhruv腻ntare(峁嘺) 鈥ε玶峁嚹� hi prak腻艣腻vad腻t腻 (mss. cited as 掳艣腻 ca v腻t腻) m峁沝uka-(so v.l.)-t奴las腻d峁浥浤�; LVa 29 奴r峁嚹邂��bhruvor madhye j腻t腻 himarajataprak腻艣腻; Dh 17 奴r峁嚹錶a峁僰峁泃amu- khat腻; 骋补峁囜笉补惫测奴丑补 26 bhruv腻ntare鈥ε玶峁嚹� j腻t腻bh奴n m峁沝v墨鈥� 艣uddh腻 prabh腻svar腻 himagu岣峣k腻-tu峁Ｄ錼avar峁嚹邂��; 叠辞诲丑颈蝉补迟迟惫补产丑奴尘颈 32 奴r峁嚹邂��bhruvor madhye j腻t腻 艣vet腻 艣a峁卥hasa峁僴ibh腻 pra- dak峁�i峁嚹鍁art腻 (compare Lalitavistara, 惭补丑腻惫测耻迟辫补迟迟颈); LVa 31 (compare LVb below, LVa 29 above, 叠辞诲丑颈蝉补迟迟惫补产丑奴尘颈, and 惭补丑腻惫测耻迟辫补迟迟颈)鈥�pradak峁�i苍腻vartake艣a岣�; [Page460-a+ 71] 惭补丑腻惫测耻迟辫补迟迟颈 29 奴谤峁嚹錵辞艣补岣� (so read), and 31 辫谤补诲补办峁�i峁嚹鍁补谤迟补办别艣补岣�; LVb 31 bhr奴madhye-suj腻tapradak峁�i峁嚹鍁artottaptavi艣ud- dhavar峁嚹錬h腻sor峁嘺(岣�, n. sg., [产补丑耻惫谤墨丑颈]); 惭补丑腻惫补蝉迟耻 31 奴r峁嚹�. Cf. R腻峁ａ弓rap腻lapari辫峁沜肠丑腻 46.14; 50.12.鈥�32. u峁ａ箛墨峁�a艣墨r峁�a (see s.v. u峁ａ箛墨峁�a; Pali u峁噃墨sas墨sa), LVa 32; 惭补丑腻惫补蝉迟耻 32; 惭补丑腻惫补蝉迟耻 ii.307.4; 叠辞诲丑颈蝉补迟迟惫补产丑奴尘颈 31 (掳峁Ｄ遽弗); 掳艣iraska(-t腻) 惭补丑腻惫测耻迟辫补迟迟颈 32; Dh 23; m奴rdhni鈥�u峁ａ箛墨峁�am 骋补峁囜笉补惫测奴丑补 27; u峁ａ箛墨峁�a艣墨r峁Ｄ錸avalokitam奴rdha LVb 30; u峁ａ箛i R腻峁ａ弓rap腻lapari辫峁沜肠丑腻 46.13; 50.11.鈥擜 few secondary insertions in individual lists are here ignored. References to the 32 濒补办峁�a峁嘺, usually as seen on a Buddha, are frequent, e.g. 厂补诲诲丑补谤尘补辫耻峁囜笉补谤墨办补 47.10; and see s.v. 濒补办峁�a for two cases where Senart assumes, wrongly I think, that 惭补丑腻惫补蝉迟耻 substitutes that word for 濒补办峁�a峁嘺.

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary

尝补办峁�a峁嘺 (啶侧�曕�嵿し啶�).鈥攏.

(-峁嘺峁�) 1. A mark, a spot. 2. A name, an appellation. 3. Sight, seeing. 4. An indication, a predicate, any thing by which an object is designated or distinguished. 5. A symptom or any indication of actual disease. m.

(-峁嘺岣�) 1. The younger brother of Rama. 2. The Indian crane. f.

(-峁嚹�) 1. The female of the Indian crane. 2. A goose. 3. An ellipsis, a word, &c. understood, though not inserted. 4. The force or application of a word or phrase. E. 濒补办峁� to see, to mark, aff. 濒测耻峁�; or 濒补办峁� as before, Unadi aff. na and 补峁� augment; also with 尘耻峁� augment, 濒补办峁�ma峁嘺, which in the masc. and fem. forms is the more usual reading.

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary

尝补办峁�a峁嘺 (啶侧�曕�嵿し啶�).鈥攊. e. 濒补办峁� + ana, I. n. 1. Seeing, sight. 2. A characteristic mark, [笔补帽肠补迟补苍迟谤补] iii. [distich] 130; [Bhart峁沨ari, (ed. Bohlen.)] 2, 70; a spot. 3. A holy mark, [贬颈迟辞辫补诲别艣补] 99, 7; a lucky mark, [顿补艣补办耻尘腻谤补肠补谤颈迟补] in Chr. 197, 11. 4. Form, [Bh腻gavata-Pur腻峁嘺, (ed. Burnouf.)] 5, 20, 38. 5. A name, [笔补帽肠补迟补苍迟谤补] iii. [distich] 35 (read 测腻迟谤腻濒补办峁�a峁嘺m, called 测腻迟谤腻). 6. An indication, a definition, [惭腻苍补惫补诲丑补谤尘补艣腻蝉迟谤补] 1, 112. 7. Settlement, 8, 406. 8. A symptom of actual disease. Ii. m. 1. The Indian crane. 2. A proper name. Iii. f. 苍腻. 1. Metonymy, as distinguished from a word鈥檚 literal meaning, [Ved腻ntas腻ra, (in my Chrestomathy.)] in Chr. 212, 16; Bh腻峁Ｄ錺. 81. Cf. 厂腻丑颈迟测补, Darp. ii. 2. The female of the Indian crane. 3. A goose.

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary

尝补办峁�a峁嘺 (啶侧�曕�嵿し啶�).鈥擺adjective] = [preceding] [adjective]; [feminine] 腻 aim, goal, indirect indication ([rhetorie]).

鈥� [neuter] mark, sign, token, characteristic, attribute, lucky or favourable mark, the genitals; accurate description, definition, designation, appellation, name, kind, species; aim, intention, direction; cause, occasion; adj. 鈥斅� appearing as, relating to.

--- OR ---

尝腻办峁�a峁嘺 (啶侧ぞ啶曕�嵿し啶�).鈥擺adjective] knowing characteristic signs or marks.

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Aufrecht Catalogus Catalogorum

尝补办峁�a峁嘺 (啶侧�曕�嵿し啶�) as mentioned in Aufrecht鈥檚 Catalogus Catalogorum:鈥擳aitt. See Svara濒补办峁�a峁嘺.

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) 尝补办峁�a峁嘺 (啶侧�曕�嵿し啶�):鈥擺from 濒补办峁�] mfn. indicating, expressing indirectly, [Ved腻ntas腻ra]

2) [v.s. ...] m. Ardea Sibirica, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasi峁僪a, hal腻yudha, hemacandra, etc.]

3) [v.s. ...] Name of a man, [R腻jatara峁単i峁嚹玗 (often confounded with, 濒补办峁�ma峁嘺)

4) 尝补办峁�a峁嚹� (啶侧�曕�嵿し啶｀ぞ):鈥擺from 濒补办峁�a峁嘺 > 濒补办峁�] a f. See sub voce

5) 尝补办峁�a峁嘺 (啶侧�曕�嵿し啶�):鈥擺from 濒补办峁�] n. (ifc. f(腻). ) a mark, sign, symbol, token, characteristic, attribute, quality (ifc. = 鈥榤arked or characterized by鈥�, 鈥榩ossessed of鈥�), [Manu-sm峁泃i; Mah腻bh腻rata] etc.

6) [v.s. ...] n. a stroke, line ([especially] those drawn on the sacrificial ground), [艢atapatha-br腻hma峁嘺; G峁沨ya-s奴tra and 艣rauta-s奴tra]

7) [v.s. ...] a lucky mark, favourable sign, [G峁沨ya-s奴tra and 艣rauta-s奴tra; Manu-sm峁泃i; Mah腻bh腻rata] etc.

8) [v.s. ...] a symptom or indication of disease, [Catalogue(s)]

9) [v.s. ...] a sexual organ, [Mah腻bh腻rata xiii, 2303]

10) [v.s. ...] a spoon (?), [顿颈惫测腻惫补诲腻苍补]

11) [v.s. ...] accurate description, definition, illustration, [Manu-sm峁泃i; Sarvadar艣ana-sa峁僩raha; Su艣ruta]

12) [v.s. ...] settled rate, fixed tariff, [Manu-sm峁泃i viii, 406]

13) [v.s. ...] a designation, appellation, name (ifc. = 鈥榥amed鈥�, 鈥榗alled鈥�), [Manu-sm峁泃i; Mah腻bh腻rata; K腻vya literature]

14) [v.s. ...] a form, species, kind, sort (ifc.= 鈥榯aking the form of鈥�, 鈥榓ppearing as鈥�), [Manu-sm峁泃i; 艢a峁僰ar腻c腻rya; Bh腻gavata-pur腻峁嘺]

15) [v.s. ...] the act of aiming at, aim, goal, scope, object (ifc. = 鈥榗oncerning鈥�, 鈥榬elating to鈥�, 鈥榗oming within the scope of鈥�), [Atharvaveda-pr腻ti艣腻khya; Y腻j帽avalkya; Mah腻bh腻rata; Bh腻gavata-pur腻峁嘺]

16) [v.s. ...] reference, quotation, [P腻峁噄ni 1-4, 84]

17) [v.s. ...] effect, operation, influence, [ib. i, 1, 62 etc.]

18) [v.s. ...] cause, occasion, opportunity, [R腻m腻ya峁嘺; Da艣akum腻ra-carita]

19) [v.s. ...] observation, sight, seeing, [Horace H. Wilson]

20) 尝补办峁�a峁嚹� (啶侧�曕�嵿し啶｀ぞ):鈥擺from 濒补办峁�] b f. aiming at, aim, object, view, [Hariva峁兣沘]

21) [v.s. ...] indication, elliptical expression, use of a word for another word with a cognate meaning (as of 鈥榟ead鈥� for 鈥榠ntellect鈥�), indirect or figurative sense of a word (one of its three Arthas; the other two being 补产丑颈诲丑腻 or proper sense, and 惫测补帽箩补苍腻 or suggestive s掳; with s腻rop腻, the placing of a word in its figurative sense in apposition to another in its proper s掳), [厂腻丑颈迟测补-darpa峁嘺; K腻vyaprak腻艣a; Bh腻峁Ｄ錺ariccheda] etc.

22) [v.s. ...] the female of the Ardea Sibirica (= 濒补办峁�ma峁嚹�), [Su艣ruta]

23) [v.s. ...] a goose, [U峁嚹錮i-s奴tra iii, 7 [Scholiast or Commentator]]

24) [v.s. ...] Name of an Apsaras, [Mah腻bh腻rata; Hariva峁兣沘]

25) 尝腻办峁�a峁嘺 (啶侧ぞ啶曕�嵿し啶�):鈥攎f(墨)n. ([from] 濒补办峁�a峁嘺) relating to or acquainted with characteristic signs or marks, [Atharvaveda-pr腻ti艣腻khya [Scholiast or Commentator]]

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary

尝补办峁�a峁嘺 (啶侧�曕�嵿し啶�):鈥�(峁嘺峁�) 1. n. Mark, sign; name; sight; the young brother of R腻ma, Indian crane. m. f. (峁嚹�) Crane; goose; ellipsis.

[Sanskrit to German]

context information

Sanskrit, also spelled 啶膏�傕じ啷嵿�曕�冟い啶�啷� (蝉补峁僺办峁泃补尘), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.

Hindi dictionary

: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionary

1) 尝补办峁�a峁嘺 (啶侧�曕�嵿し啶�) [Also spelled lakshan]:鈥�(nm) a symptom; indication; trait, characteristic feature, characteristic mark; ~[vij帽腻na] semiology; ~[vij帽腻n墨] semiologist; ~[vaij帽腻nika] semiological; —[dikh腻墨 pa岣峚苍腻] to be on the horizon.

2) 尝补办峁�a峁嚹� (啶侧�曕�嵿し啶｀ぞ):鈥�(nf) indirect, implied or figurative sense of a word; ~[尘奴濒补办补] arising out of [濒补办峁�a峁嚹�;] hence ~[尘奴濒补办补t腻] (nf); —[艣补办迟颈] the wordpower of indirect or implied or figurative expression.

3) 尝腻办峁�a峁嘺 (啶侧ぞ啶曕�嵿し啶�):鈥�(a) pertaining to or related with a [濒补办峁�a峁嘺].

context information

...

Kannada-English dictionary

: Alar: Kannada-English corpus

尝补办峁�a峁嘺 (嗖侧矔喑嵿卜嗖�):鈥�

1) [noun] a mark; a symbol; an indication; a sign.

2) [noun] a distinguishing feature or quality; a characteristic.

3) [noun] the spots or black portions on the disc of the moon.

4) [noun] a mark on the body that enhances the beauty or which is considered as auspicious, lucky etc.

5) [noun] any sign or indiacation of a disease; a symptom.

6) [noun] beauty; lovelines; charm.

7) [noun] a series of comments, explanations or annotations; a commentary.

8) [noun] the look or outward aspect of a person or thing; appearance.

9) [noun] an aim, purpose or intention.

10) [noun] the figurative sense of a word.

11) [noun] (yoga.) the condition of the mind that culminates or results in self-absorption.

12) [noun] the act of interpreting the characteristics, future etc based on the physical features of a person, animal, etc.

--- OR ---

尝补办峁�a峁嘺 (嗖侧矔喑嵿卜嗖�):鈥擺noun] a device used for cutting or trimming the nails; a nail-cutter.

context information

Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.

Nepali dictionary

: unoes: Nepali-English Dictionary

1) 尝补办峁�a峁嘺 (啶侧�曕�嵿し啶�):鈥攏. 1. symptom; 2. sign; mark; symbol; 3. sign of good or bad omen; 4. definition; 5. good qualities or merits; 6. manner; trait; demeanor; behavior;

2) 尝补办峁�a峁嚹� (啶侧�曕�嵿し啶｀ぞ):鈥攏. Rhet. allegory;

context information

Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.

See also (Relevant definitions)

Starts with (+11): Lakshanabheda, Lakshanabhushita, Lakshanadipika, Lakshanadosha, Lakshanagedi, Lakshanagrantha, Lakshanaka, Lakshanakanda, Lakshanalakshanatas, Lakshanalakshya, Lakshanamala, Lakshanamalika, Lakshanamaskaravidhi, Lakshanamaskaravrata, Lakshanamrita, Lakshananimitta, Lakshananirupana, Lakshanaprakasha, Lakshanaprashasta, Lakshanaraji.

Full-text (+2119): Sulakshana, Samanyalakshana, Rajalakshana, Upalakshana, Alakshana, Pratimalakshana, Jnanalakshana, Nirlakshana, Vilakshana, Kritalakshana, Pancalakshana, Dashalakshana, Rogalakshana, Jahallakshana, Ahatalakshana, Visheshalakshana, Dhatulakshana, Lakshanalakshana, Bhagalakshana, Garbhalakshana.

Relevant text

Search found 243 books and stories containing Lakshana, 尝补办峁�a峁嘺, Laksana, 尝补办峁�a峁嚹�, 尝腻办峁�a峁嘺; (plurals include: Lakshanas, 尝补办峁�a峁嘺s, Laksanas, 尝补办峁�a峁嚹錽, 尝腻办峁�a峁嘺s). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:

Alankara Sastra (English study) (by V. Raghavan)

3. The Dashapakshi or ten views on the subject of Lakshana < [Chapter 1 - The history of Lakshana (poetic adornments)]

5. Other writers on the subject of Laksana < [Chapter 1 - The history of Lakshana (poetic adornments)]

4. Abhinavagupta鈥檚 own view of Laksana < [Chapter 1 - The history of Lakshana (poetic adornments)]

+ 11 more chapters / show preview

Tattvartha Sutra (with commentary) (by Vijay K. Jain)

Verse 2.8 - Cognition is the mark of the soul < [Chapter 2 - Category of the Living]

Verse 2.7 - Three kinds of p腻ri峁嚹錷ika-bh腻va < [Chapter 2 - Category of the Living]

Verse 5.4 - The special characteristics of substances < [Chapter 5 - The Non-living Substances]

+ 13 more chapters / show preview

Mimamsa interpretation of Vedic Injunctions (Vidhi) (by Shreebas Debnath)

Chapter 2.6 - 艢abara鈥檚 View on Vidhi

Chapter 3 - Utpattividhi (Introduction)

Chapter 4 - Viniyogavidhi (Introduction)

+ 5 more chapters / show preview

Sahitya-kaumudi by Baladeva Vidyabhushana (by Gaurapada D腻sa)

Text 2.12 < [Chapter 2 - The Natures of Words (艣abda)]

Text 2.16 < [Chapter 2 - The Natures of Words (艣abda)]

Text 7.15 < [Chapter 7 - Literary Faults]

+ 53 more chapters / show preview

Musical Instruments in Sanskrit Literature (by S. Karthick Raj KMoundinya)

Musical Instruments in Tantras < [Chapter 3 - Musical Instruments of India (with reference to Sanskrit literary sources)]

Music in the modern period (17 th century to present day) < [Chapter 2 - Origin and evolution of Music and Musical instruments]

The Tala System in South Indian Music < [Chapter 2 - Origin and evolution of Music and Musical instruments]

+ 4 more chapters / show preview

Taittiriya Upanishad Bhashya Vartika (by R. Balasubramanian)

Verse 2.53 < [Book 2 - Brahmavall墨]

Verse 3.12 < [Book 3 - Bh峁沢uvall墨]

Verse 2.647 < [Book 2 - Brahmavall墨]

+ 10 more chapters / show preview

 

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