Study on Shankhpushpi's vishaghna effect and sub-acute toxicity.
Journal name: Ayushdhara
Original article title: A study on vishaghna property of shankhpushpi (convolvulus pluricaulis chois) w.s.r. to sub acute toxicity in albino wistar rats
AYUSHDHARA is an international peer-reviewed journal. It focuses on research in Ayurveda, Yoga, Unani, Siddha, Homeopathy, Allopathy, and Pharmaceutical Sciences.
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Romesh Kumar Jaiswal*
P.G. Scholar, P.G. Dept. of Agad Tantra, UAU, Rishikul Campus, Haridwar
Manisha Dikshit
Associate Professor, P.G. Dept. of Agad Tantra, UAU, Rishikul Campus, Haridwar
Ramesh Chandra Tiwari
Professor & Head, P.G. Dept. of Agad Tantra, UAU, Rishikul Campus, Haridwar
Ved Bhushan Sharma
Assistant Professor, P.G. Dept. of Agad Tantra, UAU, Rishikul Campus, Haridwar
Ayushdhara:
(A peer-reviewed, bi-monthly open-access journal)
Full text available for: A study on vishaghna property of shankhpushpi (convolvulus pluricaulis chois) w.s.r. to sub acute toxicity in albino wistar rats
Year: 2019
Copyright (license): CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
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Summary of article contents:
1) Introduction
Shankhpushpi (Convolvulus pluricaulis Chois) is a prominent herb in Ayurveda acclaimed for its significant properties, particularly its role as a Medhya Rasayana, which enhances cognitive functions such as memory and knowledge retention. This study aims to explore the Vishaghna (anti-toxic) property of Shankhpushpi, asserting its potential in combating hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity induced by paracetamol (PCM) in albino Wistar rats. By evaluating the efficacy of Shankhpushpi in both powdered (Churna) and aqueous extract (Kwatha) forms, the research addresses a crucial gap in Ayurvedic medicinal applications concerning antitoxic substances.
2) Effect of Shankhpushpi on Toxicity Induction
The experiment divided 24 rats into four groups to assess the effects of Shankhpushpi on PCM-induced hepatonephro toxicity. Groups 2 and 3 received Shankhpushpi Churna and Kwatha respectively, while Group 4 was administered normal saline. The study found that the administration of Shankhpushpi significantly reduced PCM-induced toxicity, as evidenced by improvements in body weight and food consumption, along with meaningful biochemical parameter restoration. Significant reductions in liver and kidney toxicity markers highlighted the effectiveness of Shankhpushpi as a Vishaghna dravya, reinforcing its traditional reputation as a medicinal herb.
3) Histo-Pathological Findings
Histo-pathological examinations revealed that the group receiving normal saline (Group 4) exhibited moderate damage, including necrosis and congestion in liver and kidney tissues. In stark contrast, the groups treated with Shankhpushpi (Groups 2 and 3) displayed only mild necrosis and congestion, indicating a protective effect conferred by the herb. These observations underscore the therapeutic potential of Shankhpushpi, reinforcing its reputation as both a Medhya and Vishaghna agent, capable of mitigating cellular damage and promoting tissue recovery following toxic exposure.
4) Conclusion
The study concludes that Shankhpushpi Churna and Kwatha significantly alleviated PCM-induced hepatonephro toxicity in albino Wistar rats, demonstrating promising antitoxic properties. The findings not only validate traditional knowledge surrounding Shankhpushpi but also suggest it can serve as a viable Ayurvedic approach to address toxicological challenges. This research supports the argument for further exploration of Shankhpushpi’s multifaceted benefits, particularly in the realm of toxicology and medicinal enhancement, thereby contributing to the broader acceptance and integration of Ayurvedic principles in modern healthcare paradigms.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What is the purpose of the study on Shankhpushpi?
The study examines the Vishaghna property of Shankhpushpi, a herb known for enhancing memory and knowledge in Ayurveda, specifically focusing on its antitoxic effects against subacute toxicity induced by Paracetamol in albino Wistar rats.
How was toxicity induced in the rats for the study?
Toxicity was induced in the rats using Paracetamol (PCM) administered at a dose of 1000 mg/kg body weight for seven days, which led to hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity, allowing for the evaluation of Shankhpushpi's protective effects.
What were the findings of the Shankhpushpi treatments?
After 28 days of treatment with Shankhpushpi Churna and Kwatha, rats showed significant improvements in body weight, food consumption, and reduced levels of liver and kidney toxicity parameters compared to the normal saline control group.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Study on Shankhpushpi's vishaghna effect and sub-acute toxicity.�. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Toxicity:
Toxicity refers to the degree to which a substance can harm living organisms. In the study, PCM was administered to induce hepato-nephro toxicity in albino Wistar rats to evaluate the antitoxic effects of the substance Shankhapushpi [see source text or glossary: Toxicity].
2) Vishaghna (Visaghna, Visha-ghna):
Vishaghna translates to 'antitoxic' in Ayurveda. The study aimed to confirm the Vishaghna properties of Shankhapushpi by testing its effects on toxicity induced by PCM in albino Wistar rats [see source text or glossary: Vishaghna].
3) Drug:
A drug refers to a substance used in the diagnosis, treatment, or prevention of a disease. In this study, Shankhapushpi was the drug tested for its antitoxic properties in rats induced with hepato-nephro toxicity using PCM [see source text or glossary: Drug].
4) Animal:
Animal refers to organisms in the biological kingdom Animalia. In this study, albino Wistar rats were used as the animal model to test the effects of Shankhapushpi for its Vishaghna properties [see source text or glossary: Animal].
5) Medicine:
Medicine relates to the science or practice of diagnosing, treating, and preventing disease. Shankhapushpi, used in the study, is a traditional Ayurvedic medicine explored for its antitoxic properties [see source text or glossary: Medicine].
6) Medhya:
Medhya refers to substances that enhance cognitive functions such as memory and intellect. Shankhapushpi is known for its Medhya Rasayana properties, which are well marketed for boosting knowledge retention and cognitive functions [see source text or glossary: Medhya].
7) Ayurveda (Ayus-veda):
Ayurveda is a traditional system of medicine originating from India, which aims for balance in bodily systems using diet, herbal treatment, and yogic practices. This study examines Shankhapushpi, an indigenous Ayurvedic medicine, for its Vishaghna properties [see source text or glossary: Ayurveda].
8) Rasayana (Rasa-ayana):
Rasayana in Ayurveda refers to the science of rejuvenation or the administration of special herbs to promote longevity and cognitive functions. Shankhapushpi is listed as a Medhya Rasayana, enhancing memory and intellect [see source text or glossary: Rasayana].
9) Kumar:
[see source text or glossary: Kumar].
10) Food:
Food consumption was a parameter measured in the study. PCM-induced toxicity affected the food intake of rats, with Shankhapushpi showing potential to slightly increase food consumption, thus implying improvement [see source text or glossary: Food].
11) Knowledge:
In Ayurveda, enhancing one's knowledge is a goal achieved using Medhya Rasayana like Shankhapushpi. This aligns with its use for improving cognitive functions and potential Vishaghna or antitoxic properties [see source text or glossary: Knowledge].
12) Tantra (Tamtra, Tantrism):
[see source text or glossary: Tantra].
13) Agada:
Agada means a remedy or antidote for poisons. In Agadatantra, Shankhapushpi is studied for its Vishaghna properties, helping to detoxify the body from poisons like PCM [see source text or glossary: Agada].
14) Kalka:
Kalka is a semi-solid preparation made by rubbing a substance on a hard surface. Shankhapushpi Kalka is one of the Medhya Rasayanas described in Charaka Samhita, showcasing its adaptability in various forms [see source text or glossary: Kalka].
15) Visha (Visa):
Visha translates to poison. This study induced hepato-nephro toxicity using PCM to evaluate the Vishaghna (anti-poison) properties of Shankhapushpi [see source text or glossary: Visha].
16) Rasa (Rasha):
Rasa refers to taste, with Tikta (bitter) being one of the Rasas mentioned as having Vishaghna properties. Shankhapushpi, having Tikta Rasa, is evaluated for its potential in countering toxicity (Visha) [see source text or glossary: Rasa].
17) Agadatantra (Agada-tantra, Agadatamtra):
Agadatantra is the branch of Ayurveda that focuses on the treatment of poisons and toxic substances. The study of Shankhapushpi was rooted in Agadatantra's principles to validate its antitoxic potential [see source text or glossary: Agadatantra].
18) Dravya:
[see source text or glossary: Dravya].
19) Nature:
[see source text or glossary: Nature].
20) Campu:
[see source text or glossary: Campu].
21) India:
India is central to the study as it is the birthplace of Ayurveda, the traditional system of medicine used in the research. Shankhapushpi is an indigenous herb from India, celebrated for its Medhya Rasayana properties [see source text or glossary: India].
22) Blood:
Blood tests were conducted to measure hepato-nephro toxicity and the effectiveness of Shankhapushpi in reducing this toxicity in rats. Parameters such as S. Bilirubin, SGOT, and SGPT were evaluated [see source text or glossary: Blood].
23) Shankhapushpi (Sankhapuspi, Samkhapuspi):
Shankhapushpi (Convolvulus pluricaulis) is a significant Ayurvedic herb known for enhancing cognitive functions. The study focuses on its Vishaghna properties, testing its effectiveness in detoxifying the body from PCM-induced toxicity in rats [see source text or glossary: Shankhapushpi].
24) Siddhartha (Siddha-artha):
[see source text or glossary: Siddhartha].
25) Discussion:
The Discussion section of the research article elaborates on the findings, including how Shankhapushpi showed significant effectiveness in reducing PCM-induced hepato-nephro toxicity compared to the control group [see source text or glossary: Discussion].
26) Salivation:
Salivation was monitored as part of the observed physical parameters in the rats to detect signs of toxicity or distress following PCM and Shankhapushpi administration [see source text or glossary: Salivation].
27) Tiktarasa:
Tiktarasa refers to the bitter taste which Ayurveda attributes to having detoxifying properties. Shankhapushpi has Tiktarasa and is thus considered an effective antidote for various toxins [see source text or glossary: Tiktarasa].
28) Substance:
[see source text or glossary: Substance].
29) Samhita:
Samhita refers to classical Ayurvedic texts. Charaka Samhita, one of the principal Samhitas, lists Shankhapushpi as a Medhya Rasayana, validating its various therapeutic properties [see source text or glossary: Samhita].
30) Arishta (Arista):
[see source text or glossary: Arishta].
31) Snigdha:
[see source text or glossary: Snigdha].
32) Chandra:
[see source text or glossary: Chandra].
33) Disease:
In the context of Ayurveda, 'disease' can also equate to the toxic effects that require detoxification. Shankhapushpi was tested for its effectiveness in treating hepato-nephro toxicity induced by PCM in rats [see source text or glossary: Disease].
34) Mineral:
[see source text or glossary: Mineral].
35) Amrita (Amrta):
Amrita symbolizes immortality and purifying essence. Ayurveda describes its principles as purifying Visha (toxins), similar to the antitoxic properties studied for Shankhapushpi in the research [see source text or glossary: Amrita].
36) Family:
Family here refers to the botanical classification. Shankhapushpi belongs to the family Convolvulaceae and was tested for its Vishaghna (antitoxic) properties in the study [see source text or glossary: Family].
37) Sharman (Sarma, Sharma, Sarman):
[see source text or glossary: Sharma].
38) Insect:
[see source text or glossary: Insect].
39) Asava (Ashava):
[see source text or glossary: Asava].
40) Tikta:
Tikta, or bitterness, is a taste (Rasa) in Ayurveda believed to have detoxifying properties. Shankhapushpi, possessing a Tikta Rasa, was tested for its Vishaghna potential in the study [see source text or glossary: Tikta].
41) Ayus (Ayush):
[see source text or glossary: Ayush].
42) Tola:
[see source text or glossary: Tola].
43) Vati:
[see source text or glossary: Vati].
44) Guna:
Guna refers to qualities or properties in Ayurvedic science. Shankhapushpi's Snigdha Guna opposes the properties of Visha (toxins), justifying its study as a Vishaghna substance [see source text or glossary: Guna].
45) Diet:
Diet was a monitored variable in the study to gauge the effects of Shankhapushpi on overall health, particularly when testing for reductions in toxicity-induced by PCM [see source text or glossary: Diet].
46) Coma:
Coma is a state of prolonged unconsciousness. No coma or neurological issues were observed in the rats after administering the PCM dose, although hepato-nephro toxicity was induced to test Shankhapushpi's antitoxic effects [see source text or glossary: Coma].
Other Science Concepts:
Discover the significance of concepts within the article: �Study on Shankhpushpi's vishaghna effect and sub-acute toxicity.�. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:
Vishaghna, Agadatantra, Acharya Charaka, Normal control group, Sub-acute toxicity, Shankhpushpi churna, Hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity, Vishaghna property, Albino Wistar rats, Biochemical parameter, Therapeutic administration.