In vitro study of ampicillin and garlic against Staphylococcus aureus.
Journal name: Ancient Science of Life
Original article title: Studies on in vitro interaction of ampicillin and fresh garlic extract against Staphylococcus aureus by checkerboard method
The ANSCI is a peer-reviewed, open-access journal focused on Ayurveda and traditional medicines. It publishes original research, reviews, and literary studies linking traditional knowledge with modern science, covering disciplines like botany, ethnomedicine, pharmacology, and clinical research.
This page presents a generated summary with additional references; See source (below) for actual content.
Original source:
This page is merely a summary which is automatically generated hence you should visit the source to read the original article which includes the author, publication date, notes and references.
R. Pillai, Niyati A. Trivedi, Jagat D. Bhatt
Ancient Science of Life:
(A quarterly multi-disciplinary scientific research journal in Ayurveda)
Full text available for: Studies on in vitro interaction of ampicillin and fresh garlic extract against Staphylococcus aureus by checkerboard method
Year: 2013
Copyright (license): CC BY-NC-SA
Summary of article contents:
Introduction
The emergence of antimicrobial resistance, particularly among Gram-positive pathogens like Staphylococcus aureus, presents a significant challenge in treating infections. Over the last two decades, there has been a notable increase in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) cases, making the need for alternative therapeutic interventions critical. Garlic, scientifically known as Allium sativum, has been recognized for its antimicrobial properties and potential to enhance the efficacy of conventional antibiotics. This study aimed to explore the synergistic effects of fresh garlic extract (FGE) in combination with ampicillin against clinical isolates of S. aureus using in vitro methodologies.
Synergistic Effect of Fresh Garlic Extract and Ampicillin
The study findings demonstrated a significant synergistic interaction between FGE and ampicillin when tested against S. aureus isolates. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for ampicillin alone in resistant strains ranged from 8 to 32 μg/ml. However, the combination with FGE led to a dramatic decrease in the MIC of ampicillin to less than 2 μg/ml, indicating enhanced sensitivity due to the garlic extract. Additionally, a checkerboard method confirmed that the combination yielded a fractional inhibitory concentration index of less than 1.0 for all tested strains, further supporting the notion of a synergistic effect. This highlights the potential of FGE to improve the effectiveness of traditional antibiotics, particularly against antibiotic-resistant strains.
Conclusion
The results of this study suggest that incorporating fresh garlic extract into antibiotic therapy could be a viable strategy for addressing resistant infections caused by S. aureus. By enhancing the activity of existing antibiotics like ampicillin, FGE may help reduce the reliance on more toxic and costly treatments such as vancomycin. The study emphasizes the need for further investigations into the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of this combination in vivo, which could pave the way for novel therapeutic approaches to combat antibiotic resistance. Overall, the exploration of natural products like garlic offers promising avenues in the battle against resistant bacterial strains.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What is the main objective of the study involving ampicillin and garlic?
The study aims to evaluate the synergistic effect of combining ampicillin with fresh garlic extract against Staphylococcus aureus, particularly given the organism's increasing resistance to multiple antimicrobial agents.
How was the fresh garlic extract (FGE) prepared for the study?
Fresh garlic was crushed, allowed to stand, and then squeezed through sterile cheesecloth. The resulting extract, deemed 100% FGE, was stored at -20°C and thawed before use, prepared weekly to ensure freshness.
What methods were used to assess antimicrobial activity in the study?
Antimicrobial activity of FGE was evaluated using well diffusion and broth dilution methods. The checkerboard method was employed to explore the interaction between ampicillin and FGE against clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus.
What were the results of combining FGE with ampicillin?
The study found synergistic interaction between FGE and ampicillin on all tested S. aureus isolates. Adding FGE significantly reduced the minimum inhibitory concentration of ampicillin, indicating enhanced sensitivity to the antibiotic.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “In vitro study of ampicillin and garlic against Staphylococcus aureus.�. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
Other Science Concepts:
Discover the significance of concepts within the article: �In vitro study of ampicillin and garlic against Staphylococcus aureus.�. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:
Antimicrobial activity, Minimum inhibitory concentration, Staphylococcus aureus, Well diffusion method, Broth dilution method, Synergistic interaction, Clinical isolate, In vitro interaction, Checkerboard method.