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Textile industry in India was in a developed state even at an early period. Dress materials were manufactured in different parts of the country. They were imported from the neighboring countries also. Different countries were famous for the production of certain types of clothes. In general, cotton, linen, wool and silk textures were manufactured. 痴补颈艣测补蝉 were experts in the field of trade.

In Vedic period itself textile articles had a good market. A complete hymn in Atharvaveda^[1] is devoted to the wishes for success in trade. From 峁欢惫别诲补^[2] we learn that the countries Paru峁ａ箛i and 骋腻苍诲丑腻谤补 were famous in that Period for the production of different varieties of wool. It is also indicated that sheep was seen in abundance on the banks of the river Sindhu. In 惭补丑腻产丑腻谤补迟补^[3], we have reference to the wool presented by the Kings of 碍腻尘产辞箩补, 膧产丑墨谤补, 颁墨苍补 and V膩lhika to 驰耻诲丑颈峁ａ弓丑颈谤补 on the occasion of his 搁腻箩补蝉奴测补 sacrifice.

It was in the southern regions that the production of cotton flourished. In 惭补丑腻产丑腻谤补迟补^[4] we find that kings from Bharukaccha, Cola and 笔腻峁囜笉测补 countries presented cotton clothes to 驰耻诲丑颈峁ａ弓丑颈谤补 during the sacrifice. 碍补耻峁璱濒墨测补 础谤迟丑补艣腻蝉迟谤补^[5] informs us about the countries, in which the best varieties of cotton clothes were manufactured. Some of them are 惭补诲丑耻谤腻, 础辫补谤腻苍迟补办补, 碍补濒颈峁単补, 痴补峁単补, Vasta and 惭腻丑颈峁�a办补. In 碍耻峁�峁�补苍墨尘补迟补^[6] it is recorded that cotton was largely cultivated in that period. Fostering of rams for wool also is attested in the text.

Countries like 颁墨苍补, V膩lhika, 笔耻峁囜笉谤补, Suvar峁嘺ku岣峺a, 碍补濒颈峁単补, Kosala, Magadha and 痴补峁単补 were famous for the production of different varieties of silk. Of these, it is mentioned in 碍补耻峁璱濒墨测补 础谤迟丑补艣腻蝉迟谤补^[7] that Bengal was famous for the production of white as well as soft 顿耻办奴濒补. Blue and smooth one was manufactured in 笔耻峁囜笉谤补, while from Suvar峁嘺ku岣峺a, a reddish variety was made. Magadha was famous for 笔补迟谤辞谤峁嘺.

In 碍补耻峁璱濒墨测补 础谤迟丑补艣腻蝉迟谤补^[8] there are references to different sorts of 碍峁�a耻尘补 clothes, manufactured in different countries. There it is mentioned that in 痴补峁単补 country, white and soft 碍峁�a耻尘补 clothes were produced. 笔腻峁囜笉测补 country was famous for its black and soft linen clothes, while sun coloured and soft ones were prepared by Suvar峁嘺ku岣峺a峁僺. The smoothness of these three varieties is compared to the surface of a gem. 碍峁�a耻尘补 from Assam was also famous. In 贬补谤峁�a肠补谤颈迟补^[9], Bh膩skaravarman is described as presenting 碍峁�a耻尘补, made from 碍腻尘补谤奴辫补 along with other gift articles to 贬补谤峁�a惫补谤诲丑补苍补.

To conclude, clothes are considered not merely as one among the primary necessities of human being, but they are also reflectors of one鈥檚 aesthetic sense, personality, mood, social as well as economic conditions etc. It is not clear, when man began to cover his nudity. However it is clear that people were conscious about well dressing, even at the early stages of civilization. This is evident from the terms Suv膩sas, Suvasana, Surabhi etc. which occur frequently in 峁欢惫别诲补, 艢补迟补辫补迟丑补-产谤腻丑尘补峁嘺 and Aitareya-产谤腻丑尘补峁嘺^[10]. In 艢补迟补辫补迟丑补-产谤腻丑尘补峁嘺^[11], there is a passage, which describes man鈥檚 natural instinct to look for people who are decently attired. Similarly some hymns in 峁欢惫别诲补^[12] point to the fondness of people, especially of women, towards well dressing. In some of these hymns goddesses are described as elegantly dressed.

Sanskrit literature not only illustrates the above mentioned different aspects of the idea of cloth wearing, but it sometimes directly informs us the developed state of social as well as aesthetic sense of human being, even at the early stages of our civilization.

Footnotes and references:

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[1]:

III.15

[2]:

X.75.8, I.126.7

[3]:

厂补产丑腻辫补谤惫补, 51.10, 2, 52.35

[4]:

Ibid

[5]:

II.11.81

[6]:

v.870

[7]:

II.11

[8]:

Ibid

[9]:

VII^th 鲍肠肠丑惫腻蝉补

[10]:

Aitareya-产谤腻丑尘补峁嘺, 2.55; 峁欢惫别诲补, VI.51.4, IX.97.50, I.24.7, III.8.4, X.71.4

[11]:

13.4.1.15

[12]:

I.124.7, IV.3.2,V.80.5, 6