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The term Hridaya has been used more than hundred times in medical texts Caraka and Susruta. There is no mention of the physiology especially how mind, intellect, senses of perceptions etc. perform their functions being situated in Hridaya and how Hridaya plays role in these cases. The term Hridaya is very widely used not only in

95 Ayurvedic literature but in all the religious and Darsana Sastras of the Hindus. In Ayurveda the word Hridaya indicates both heart and brain (Banerjee, D.N.1951, p.89). When Hridaya is considered as a seat of mind, the meaning of the Hridaya indicates functions of the brain. The term Sirah for head has been used in few occassion without much detail in medical texts (C.Sh.6). It is that part of the body in which life-breaths are said to in here (C.Su.17). The term Urdha-Hridaya has been used for brain in Bhola Samhita in the Urdha-muliya chapter. Here Hridaya and Wrohridaya has been separately mentioned (Gaur D.S., 1964, p.70) Caraka mentioned the term catch (mind) or Chetanasthana (consciousness) in the Mastiska or Brain (C.Su.24). Susruta says, the Hridaya is the special seat of consciousness which supports the Prana carrying nadis (S.Su.31). Prana Vayu is in the head and chest. The function is in the head to support intellect, hridaya, organ and mind. Here Hridaya indicates Prana function in the head (AH Su. 12). According to Swami Hariharananda Aranya, love and affection feeling in the chest is very pleasurable. If there is any sadness, it is also felt in the heart. Reflex action of anger etc. takes place on the heart. We can feel this reflex action of the heart but where the Chittavritti in the brain takes place is difficult to ascertain. This is the reason why Dharana at the region of heart is pleasurable. Mastiska is the centre of Chitta but if one can hold Chitta-Vritti for some time, the feeling of I will

96 come down to the chest. By Dhyana at Hridaya (Heart) region the finer I can be realised. By practising in this way the finer aspect of thought will enter the Mastisha (head), then only 'I' can be felt there. In this way the Hridaya and Mastiska becomes the same thing (Aranya, H.1938, p.66). On close scrutiny we find that in ancient days they did not have any clear idea of structural and functional aspect of the brain and the nervous system. They knew it very well that the reflex action of the mind and Prana takes place on the heart in the chest region. And the ancients abserved if the mind is concentrated on the heart, the Chittavritti in the head and Prana comes under control. At present according to our present knowledge of anatomy, physiology and psychictry that the function of Manas and Prana are in the brain but the anatomical position of the Hridaya is the heart in the chest from the yogic and Medical (Ayrveda) point of view. This Hridaya is never mentioned as brain anatomically but the functions of it are mentioned there. This confusion has come to us because in ancient days they did not have any idea of nervous system anatomically but all were the game of Manas, Prana and Vayu. AJNA CAKRA It is a known fact that Ajna cakra is in the head and is the seat of Manas. It is here the yogis place his

97 Prana at the time of his death and enter the Supreme Purusha (V.38 Sat-cakra-Nirupana, Ref. Serpent Power, p. 320).