Some Important Shiksha Vedangas (study)
by Mala Laha | 2021 | 31,647 words
This page relates 鈥業ntroduction to the Naradi Shiksha鈥� of the study dealing with Shiksha Vedangas鈥攁 crucial component of Vedic literature focusing on phonetics and pronunciation in ancient texts. The researched texts include the Paniniya, Yajnavalkya and Naradi Shiksas, among others. The study also investigates historical phonological transformations between Sanskrit and Pali, exploring the evolution of sounds and pronunciation.
Go directly to: Footnotes.
Introduction to the 狈腻谤补诲墨 艢颈办峁Ｄ�
The 狈腻谤补诲墨 艢颈办峁Ｄ� is one of the oldest 艢颈办峁Ｄ乻 with the treatment of accents in the 厂腻尘补惫别诲补[1]. According to Hara Dutta, it is related to the Kauthuma branch of 厂腻尘补惫别诲补[2].
狈腻谤补诲墨 was the author of the 狈腻谤补诲墨 艢颈办峁Ｄ�. His name has been mentioned six times in the main body of the work鈥�
啶むぞ啶ㄠぐ啶距啶膏啶掂ぐ啶椸啶班ぞ啶ぎ啷傕ぐ啷嵿啶ㄠぞ啶ㄠぞ啶� 啶む 啶侧啷嵿し啶｀ぎ啷嵿イ
啶さ啶苦い啷嵿ぐ啶� 啶ぞ啶掂え啶� 啶啶｀啶 啶ㄠぞ啶班う啷囙え 啶啶班啷�啶班啶むた啶むぎ啷嵿ゥt膩nar膩gasvaragr膩mam奴rchan膩n膩峁� tu lak峁峁嘺m|
pavitra峁� p膩vana峁� pu峁噛a峁� n膩radena prak墨rtitam||(狈腻谤补诲墨 艢颈办峁Ｄ�,1/2/2)
啶多た啶曕啶粪ぞ啶ぞ啶灌啶班 啶︵啶掂た啶溹ぞ啶ㄠ啶ㄠぞ啶啶椸啶啷佮 啶膏ぞ啶げ啶曕啶粪ぃ啶啷�
啶ㄠぞ啶班う啷�啶ぎ啶多啶粪啶� 啶ㄠた啶班啶曕啶むぎ啶ㄠ啶啶班啶掂ざ啶冟ゥ艣ik峁Ｄ乵膩hur dvij膩n墨n膩m峁沢yaju岣� s膩malak峁峁嘺m|
n膩rad墨yama艣e峁峁嘺 niruktamanup奴rva艣a岣|(狈腻谤补诲墨 艢颈办峁Ｄ�, 1/2/3)
啶膏啶掂ぐ啷嵿啶距え啷� 啶ㄠぞ啶洁え啷嵿く啶む啶� 啶椸ぞ啶ㄠ啶оぞ啶班 啶ㄠぞ啶班う啶膏啶� 啶い啶� 啶ぅ啶距イ
啶膏啶掂ぐ啶班ぞ啶椸さ啶苦ざ啷囙し啷囙ぃ 啶椸啶班ぞ啶ぐ啶距啶� 啶囙い啶� 啶膏啶啶むぞ啶冟ゥsvarg膩n n膩'nyatra g膩ndh膩ro n膩radasya mata峁� yath膩|
svarar膩gavi艣e峁峁嘺 gr膩mar膩g膩 iti sm峁泃膩岣|(狈腻谤补诲墨 艢颈办峁Ｄ�, 1/2/7)
啶ぅ啶� 啶膏啶班ぞ啶粪啶熰啶班た啶曕ぞ 啶ㄠぞ啶班 啶む啷嵿ぐ啶� 啶囙い啷嵿く啶た啶ぞ啶粪い啷囙イ
啶忇さ啶� 啶班啷嵿啶� 啶啶班く啷嬥啷嵿い啶掂啶 啶ㄠぞ啶班う啶膏啶� 啶い啶� 啶ぅ啶距ゥyath膩 saur膩峁ａ弓rik膩 n膩r墨 takra' ityabhibh膩峁te|
eva峁� ra峁単a岣� prayoktavyo n膩radasya mata峁� yath膩||(狈腻谤补诲墨 艢颈办峁Ｄ�, 2/4/10)
啶啷嵿啶じ啷嵿い啷� 啶膏啶掂ぐ啷� 啶椸啶む 啶ㄠぞ啶班う啷囙え 啶す啶距い啷嵿ぎ啶ㄠぞ啷�
啶о啶掂い啶多啶� 啶ㄠた啶粪ぞ啶︵ざ啷嵿 啶椸啶む 啶む啶啶啶班啶｀ぞ 啶膏啶掂ぐ啷屶ゥpa帽camastu svaro g墨t墨 n膩radena mah膩tman膩|
dhaivata艣ca ni峁Ｄ乨a艣ca gotau tumburu峁嚹� svarau||(狈腻谤补诲墨 艢颈办峁Ｄ�, 1/5/14)
啶む啶啶啶班啶ㄠぞ啶班う啶掂じ啶苦し啷嵿啶掂た啶多啶掂ぞ啶掂じ啷嵿さ啶距う啶ざ啷嵿 啶椸え啷嵿ぇ啶班啶掂ぞ啶冟イ
啶嗋ぎ啶膏 啶ㄠた啶啶む 啶曕ぐ啶｀ 啶膏啶掂ぐ啶膏啶曕啶粪啶啶ぞ啶む 啶む啶洁お啶� 啶灌た 啶� 啶曕啶班啶啶冟ゥtumburun膩radavasi峁ａ弓havi艣v膩vasv膩daya艣ca gandharv膩岣
膩masu nibh峁泃a峁� kara峁嘺峁� svarasauk峁y膩t te'pi hi na kuryu岣|(狈腻谤补诲墨 艢颈办峁Ｄ�, 2/7/13)
According to the above text 狈腻谤补诲补 has been mentioned as author of the 鈥�骋腻苍诲丑腻谤补驳谤腻尘补鈥�, the third musical gamut and it states in this connection that there are only two 驳谤腻尘补蝉 (musical gamuts) on earth and on 鈥�产丑奴惫补濒辞办补鈥濃�攏amely the 鈥�峁岣峧补驳谤腻尘补鈥�, 鈥�尘补诲丑测补尘补驳谤腻尘补鈥� and the third 鈥�骋腻苍诲丑腻谤补驳谤腻尘补鈥� which is attributes to 狈腻谤补诲补鈥斺�渋s current only in Paradise, and not on earth鈥�.
啶粪ぁ啷嵿啶ぇ啷嵿く啶啶距え啷嵿ぇ啶距ぐ啶距じ啷嵿い啷嵿ぐ啶 啶椸啶班ぞ啶ぞ啶� 啶啶班啷�啶班啶むた啶むぞ啶冟イ
啶啶侧啶曕ぞ啶溹啶溹ぞ啶い啷� 啶粪ぁ啷嵿啷� 啶啶掂げ啷嬥啶距啷嵿 啶ぇ啷嵿く啶啷�峁岣峧amadhyamag膩ndh膩r膩strayo gr膩m膩岣� prak墨rtit膩岣
bh奴lok膩jj膩yate 峁岣峧o bh奴valok膩cca madhyama岣|(狈腻谤补诲墨 艢颈办峁Ｄ�, 1/2/6)
啶膏啶掂ぐ啷嵿啶距え啷嵿え啶距そ啶ㄠ啶い啷嵿ぐ 啶椸ぞ啶ㄠ啶оぞ啶班 啶ㄠぞ啶班う啶膏啶� 啶い啶� 啶ぅ啶距イ
啶膏啶掂ぐ啶班ぞ啶椸さ啶苦ざ啷囙し啷囙ぃ 啶椸啶班ぞ啶ぐ啶距啶� 啶囙い啶� 啶膏啶啶むぞ啶冟ゥsvarg膩nn膩'nyatra g膩ndh膩ro n膩radasya mata峁� yath膩|
svarar膩gavi艣e峁峁嘺 gr膩mar膩g膩 iti sm峁泃膩岣|(狈腻谤补诲墨 艢颈办峁Ｄ�, 1/2/7)
狈腻谤补诲补 was the author of 狈腻谤补诲墨 艢颈办峁Ｄ� of 5th century A.D. In 狈腻谤补诲墨 艢颈办峁Ｄ� the three 鈥�驳谤腻尘补蝉鈥� have been discussed.
狈腻谤补诲墨 艢颈办峁Ｄ� has named the different 鈥�尘奴谤肠肠丑补苍腻鈥� (Modulation):
啶粪ぁ啷嵿啷� 啶む啶む啶むぐ啶え啷嵿う啷嵿ぐ啶� 啶膏啶ぞ啶︵啶粪き啷� 啶氞ぞ啶洁き啶苦ぐ啷佮う啷嵿啶むぞ啷�
啶呧ざ啷嵿さ啶曕啶班ぞ啶ㄠ啶むぞ 啶む 啶椸ぞ啶ㄠ啶оぞ啶班 啶む啶む啶ぞ 啶啶班啶氞啶涏え啶� 啶膏啶啶むぞ啷�峁岣峧e t奴ttaramandr膩 sy膩d峁涐梗abhe c膩'bhirudgat膩|
a艣vakr膩nt膩 tu g膩ndh膩re t峁泃墨y膩 尘奴谤肠肠丑补苍腻 sm峁泃膩||(狈腻谤补诲墨 艢颈办峁Ｄ�, 1/2 /11)
啶ぇ啷嵿く啶 啶栢げ啷� 啶膏啶掂啶班ぞ 啶灌啶粪啶啶� 啶啷嵿啶 啶膏啶掂ぐ啷囙イ
啶о啶掂ぐ啷� 啶氞ぞ啶洁お啶� 啶掂た啶溹啶炧啶ぞ 啶啶班啶氞啶涏え啶� 啶む啶む啶むぐ啶距く啶むぞ啷�madhyame khalu sauv墨r膩 h峁涐梗yak膩 pa帽came svare|
dhaivare c膩'pi vij帽ey膩 尘奴谤肠肠丑补苍腻 t奴ttar膩yat膩||(狈腻谤补诲墨 艢颈办峁Ｄ�, 1 /2 /12)
These modulations have occurred in Bharata鈥檚 N膩峁瓂a 艢膩stra. So the 狈腻谤补诲墨 艢颈办峁Ｄ�, composed probably before it.
Footnotes and references:
[1]:
艢颈办峁Ｄ乻a峁僩raha, p. 398
[2]:
厂腻尘补惫别诲墨测补蝉补谤惫腻苍耻办谤补尘补苍颈办腻