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The proper way of good recitation is also discussed in the 笔腻峁噄苍墨测补 艢颈办峁Ｄ�. Though these types of subject matter are only discussed in the 峁歬 recension of 笔腻峁噄苍墨测补 艢颈办峁Ｄ� only. The proper speed of recitation is also mentioned in this recession. For example in memorizing the Vedas one should make his reading quick but in applying the same in rituals the recitation should be of medium speed, while at the time of instructing pupils, the Vedic passages should be recited slowly^[1].

According to the 峁歬 recension of 笔腻峁噄苍墨测补 艢颈办峁Ｄ� there are six kind of bad recitations. Like鈥�

i. Those who recite the Veda in a singsong manner are one kind of bad recitations.

ii. To quickly recite is also one kind of bad recitation. The time which is required for a long vowel or a pluta vowel pronunciation is not given properly during the quickly recitation.

iii. Those who recite the Vedic mantra with a nodding of the head is a poor recitation.

iv. To Use a written text at the time of recitation.

v. To read without knowing the meaning of the passages and read. 

vi. Low voice recitation.

These are six kind of bad reciters^[2]. On the other hand, sweetness, clearness, separation of words, right accent, patience and ability to observe time are six merits of a good reciter^[3].

In the 狈腻谤补诲墨 艢颈办峁Ｄ� and in the 驰腻箩帽补惫补濒办测补 艢颈办峁Ｄ�, fourteen faults of a Vedic chanting are mentioned. But the 驰腻箩帽补惫补濒办测补 艢颈办峁Ｄ� relates those fourteen faults as the fault of recitation^[4]. On the other hand the 狈腻谤补诲墨 艢颈办峁Ｄ�^[5] relates those faults as the faults of chanting.

The fourteen faults are鈥�

1. Shyness 
2. fear 
3. extreme loudness 
4. Indistinctness 
5. Nodule Nasalization 
6. Repressed Tone 
7. Undue Cerebralization 
8. Non-observance of the place of articulation 
9. Accent 
10. harshness 
11. Creating undue separation between words 
12. uneven tone 
13. hastiness 
14. want of due palatalisation.

In which time the Vedic mantra should be read in which voice are also discussed in the 笔腻峁噄苍墨测补艣iks膩. For example in the morning the Vedic student should read mantras with a voice from the chest, which should be as deep toned as the growl of a tiger. In the midday he should read it with voice from his throat, which should be like that of a 鈥�肠补办谤补惫腻办补鈥�.

In the third 鈥�savana鈥� he should recite it in the highest pitch from the roof of his mouth and his voice should be like that of a peacock, goose or cuckoo^[6].

These couplets also occur in the M膩峁囜笉uk墨 艢颈办峁Ｄ� (41-42) but we are not sure whether they originally belonged to this work.

Footnotes and references:

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[1]:

鈥渁产丑测腻蝉腻谤迟丑别 诲谤耻迟补峁� 惫峁泃迟颈峁� prayog膩rthe tu madhyam膩m| 艣i峁�y膩峁嚹佱箖 upade艣膩rthe kury膩d 惫峁泃迟颈峁� vilamvitam||鈥� (Ibid., 31)

[2]:

鈥済墨迟墨 艣墨驳丑谤墨 艣颈谤补岣� kamp墨 tath膩 likhitap膩峁環aka岣�| anarthaj帽o'lpaka峁囜弓ha艣ca 峁�a岣峞te p膩峁環ak膩dham膩||鈥� (Ibid., 32)

[3]:

Ibid., 33

[4]:

驰腻箩帽补惫补濒办测补 艢颈办峁Ｄ�, 26-28

[5]:

狈腻谤补诲墨 艢颈办峁Ｄ�, 1.3.11-12

[6]:

笔腻峁噄苍墨测补 艢颈办峁Ｄ�,36, 37