Principle of Shakti in Kashmir Shaivism (Study)
by Nirmala V. | 2016 | 65,229 words
This page relates ‘Chumma Sub-variant of Krama� of the thesis dealing with the evolution and role of Shakti—the feminine principle—within the religious and philosophical framework of Kashmir Shaivism. Tantrism represents an ancient Indian spiritual system with Shakti traditionally holding a prominent role. This study examines four major sub-streams: Kula, Krama, Spanda, and Pratyabhijnā.
Go directly to: Footnotes.
Part 2.7(b) - The ܳ Sub-variant of Krama
[Full title: (2) De-Shaktisation trough the formulations of new concepts, treatises and sub-schools (7) Krama Sub-variants of Later Times (2) ܳ]
The notion of ܳ is somewhat obscure. Navjivan Rastogi defines it as the ‘psychological centres of spirituality�. The references from ղԳٰǰ첹 are the solid evidences to the later origin (as a sub system) and the Krama relations of ܳ.
Note:
According to ղԳٰǰ첹, IV. 267cd-268ab ܳ is a ѳܻ which is of six types, allowed to each family of royal pupils with proper competence;
आदिशब्दे� � खर� पल्ली पीठोपपीठकम् �
मुद्रा छुम्मेति तेषा� चविधान� स्वपरस्थितम् �ādiśabdena ca � 貹ī īṻDZ貹īṻ첹 |
mudrā chummeti teṣāṃ cavidhāna� svaparasthitam ||The six types of ܳs are described as;
दक्षाङ्गुष्ठादिकनिष्ठिकान्तम� सा कनीयसी वामात् �
द्विदशान्तोर्ध्वगकुण्डलिबैन्दवहृन्नाभिकन्दमिति छुम्मा� �dakṣāṅguṣṭhādikaniṣṭhikāntamatha sā kanīyasī vāmāt |
屹岹śԳٴǰṇḍԻ岹ṛn첹Ի岹پ ܳ� �(Ibid., XXIX. 37.)The context, in which ܳ is described, is credited to the regulations of forming various types of sequences Kramas to be followed by the practitioners of the rituals succeeded to ܱ岵.
The direct references (including in the very beginning verse) and thoughts very much similar to that of the Sāhasā deliver the close relationship of ܳ to it:
निजपरशक्तिसमुहसमग्गो अकमु महौघ� अवधि अशाध� �
सपराक्को पशमेति अभग्गो वभवसाहसकोश अनाध� �nijaparaśaktisamuhasamaggo akamu mahaughe avadhi ś |
saparākko paśameti abhaggo vabhavasāhasakośa �(ܳsampradāya, v. 1.)
Aniketa or Nirniketa (Ś) is one among the unique conceptions of ܳ, which used widely to propose the non-dual theory of Ś. The forms of Śپ such as Karaṇeśvarīs etc. are mere tools for the attainment of the Supreme status.
This is described as;
ततोऽनल्पचिदुल्लासो ये� सृष्टेरनन्तरम् �
निराकरणनिर्धामपरमाकाशवृत्तयः �
चक्र� श्वर्य� रश्मिरूप� देवताः कुलवर्जिता� �
निर्निके तपदे द्वैते मिलिता व्याप्तिसंयुता� �tato'nalpacidullāso yena sṛṣṭeranantaram |
Ծ첹ṇaԾ峾貹śṛtٲⲹ� ||
cakre śvaryau raśmirūpā 𱹲� ܱᾱ� |
nirnike tapade dvaite militā vyāptisaṃyutā� ||[1]
Footnotes and references:
[1]:
This is the commentary ܳsaṅketaprakāśa by Dinanath Yaksh on ܳsampradāya, v. 3, where the term advaita is an emended one instead of dvaita in the manuscript. Obviously, it is agreeable that there are many instances for the advaitic inclination of this system; e. g., Niruttara in vv. 9 and 58 and Akula in 22 deal with the non-dual principle.